Detachable segmental assembled composite beam and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the field of beam body construction, in particular to a detachable segment assembled composite beam and a construction method thereof, which comprises a load-bearing beam body and segment beams installed on the load-bearing beam body, the segment beams and the load-bearing beam body are fixed through strong components, the number of the segment beams and the load-bearing beam body is multiple, prestressed steel bars are arranged between adjacent load-bearing beam bodies, in the application, the taper threaded rod is screwed, the extrusion sliding block is forced to move downwards along the extension direction, is far away from the segment beam body, and extrudes the surface of the load-bearing beam body, due to the symmetrical arrangement of the taper threaded rods and the extrusion sliding blocks on the two sides, the synchronous displacement of the two extrusion sliding blocks will push the segment beam body to generate a small horizontal displacement, thereby the position of the segment beam body on the load-bearing beam body is adjusted, and the height difference or skewing caused by the size deviation of the beam component is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of beam construction, specifically to a detachable segmental composite beam and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional bridge structures, the beams are mostly constructed using cast-in-place concrete or precast methods, with components typically connected by rigid joints or irreversible wet joints to form a whole. While this construction method offers certain advantages in terms of overall integrity, once the beam suffers localized damage due to fatigue, overload, corrosion, or earthquakes, targeted local repairs become difficult. Often, the entire beam must be dismantled and rebuilt, resulting in a large workload, long repair period, high costs, and the generation of substantial construction waste, leading to severe resource waste and contradicting current green, low-carbon, and sustainable development principles.

[0003] Therefore, some research and engineering practices have begun to explore beam structures with replaceable components. However, existing replaceable beam structures still have significant shortcomings in practical applications: First, large gaps easily arise between the replaced beam components and the original components, affecting the continuity and load-bearing capacity of the structure; Second, beam structural components are usually pre-formed parts, and due to manufacturing errors and batch differences, components from different batches and with different installation dimensions are difficult to fully adapt to the beam. After installation, problems such as height differences, central axis misalignment, component skewness, or abnormal spacing are prone to occur, seriously affecting the overall integrity and performance of the structure.

[0004] In summary, existing beam structures have significant limitations in terms of disassembly, component compatibility, and installation accuracy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a segmental composite beam structure and its supporting construction methods that can be compatible with different batches and sizes of beam components. This would enable rapid repair of localized damage and reuse of components, improve the applicability of various beam component types, and enhance the overall resilience and life-cycle economic benefits of infrastructure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a detachable segmental composite beam and its construction method, which overcomes the shortcomings described in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A detachable segmental composite beam includes a load-bearing beam body and segmental beams installed on the load-bearing beam body. The segmental beams are fixed to the load-bearing beam body by a strengthening component. Multiple segmental beams and load-bearing beam bodies are provided. Prestressed steel bars are inserted between adjacent load-bearing beam bodies. The ends of the prestressed steel bars are respectively abutted against the surface of the corresponding load-bearing beam body by a fixing sleeve.

[0008] The segmental beam includes a segmental beam body and a preform. The lower end of the segmental beam body is provided with an inwardly recessed connecting groove. When the segmental beam body is fixed to the load-bearing beam, the load-bearing beam is embedded in the connecting groove. The lower end of the segmental beam body is provided with stepped edges on both sides of the connecting groove. The preform is respectively set in the two stepped edges. The lower end of the preform is provided with an extension that extends inclined toward the load-bearing beam. An adjustment port is formed between the extension and the load-bearing beam.

[0009] The reinforcement component includes a compression slider disposed in the adjustment port and a connecting bolt that passes through the segmental beam body and extends into the load-bearing beam body. The extension is inclined downward on the side near the compression slider. The compression slider abuts against the extension of the preform and the surface of the load-bearing beam body respectively. Fastening nuts are provided on the upper and lower sides of the segmental beam body and on the side of the load-bearing beam body near the segmental beam body. The upper and lower adjacent fastening nuts are arranged on the same axis. The connecting bolt passes through each fastening nut from top to bottom and forms a threaded connection with each fastening nut.

[0010] The fastening nut has multiple reinforcing ribs on its surface, which are inserted into the corresponding segment beam body and the load-bearing beam body.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a tapered threaded rod is provided between the extrusion slider and the segmental beam body, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the adjacent surfaces of the extrusion slider and the segmental beam body. The two arc-shaped grooves form a threaded hole that is threadedly connected to the tapered threaded rod.

[0012] The tapered threaded rod has a tapered cross-section with the smaller diameter end facing the threaded hole. The outer diameter of the larger diameter end of the tapered threaded rod is larger than the inner diameter of the threaded hole. As the tapered threaded rod is gradually screwed into the threaded hole, the extrusion slider gradually moves away from the segment beam body and moves along the extension direction of the extension.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the segmental beam body near the threaded hole is provided with a fitting groove 1, and a fitting groove 2 is provided at the corresponding position of the extrusion slider and the fitting groove 1. Both the fitting groove 1 and the fitting groove 2 are parallel to the extension.

[0014] The tapered threaded rod is also provided with a groove on the surface of the large diameter end. An anti-disengagement plate is installed in the groove. When the tapered threaded rod is screwed into the threaded hole, the anti-disengagement plate is embedded in the fitting groove one and the fitting groove two to fix the tapered threaded rod.

[0015] The preform and the extrusion slider are provided with a fitting groove three on their adjacent surfaces. The extrusion slider and the fitting groove three are provided with a fitting groove four. A strip-shaped limiting block is installed in the fitting groove three. When the extrusion slider is installed to the adjustment port between the extension and the load-bearing beam, the strip-shaped limiting block is embedded in the fitting groove four.

[0016] A preferred technical solution is that mounting grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the segmental beam body, and components are provided in the mounting grooves. The components extend outward to the surface of the segmental beam body, and the components provided on two adjacent segmental beam bodies are symmetrically arranged. An inwardly recessed movable cavity is provided in the segmental beam body near the component, and an expansion joint exists between two adjacent segmental beam bodies.

[0017] The component includes an adjusting wheel, a screw, a threaded sleeve, and a dust cover. A movable cavity is provided at the corresponding position of the mounting groove and the adjusting wheel, and a sliding groove is provided at the corresponding position of the mounting groove and the threaded sleeve. The adjusting wheel is located in the movable cavity, and the threaded sleeve is located in the sliding groove. The dust cover is located on the side of the mounting groove near the surface of the segmental beam body. The screw passes through the threaded sleeve and the dust cover, and the screw and the threaded sleeve are threadedly connected.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve is provided with protrusions extending outward from both sides, and when the screw is moved by force, the threaded sleeve moves in the groove.

[0019] The circumferential surface of the adjusting wheel has a ring array of multiple magnetic metal plates. When a magnet that is attracted to the magnetic metal plates is pushed in a direction parallel to the adjusting wheel, the adjusting wheel rotates in the direction of magnet movement.

[0020] The adjusting wheel has a positioning hole, and a positioning pin is provided at the corresponding position of the movable cavity and the positioning hole. The positioning pin is covered with a spring, and the two ends of the spring abut against the surface of the adjusting wheel and the movable cavity, respectively.

[0021] A construction method for a detachable segmental composite beam, based on the aforementioned detachable segmental composite beam, involves sequentially arranging the load-bearing beams on the ground during construction, passing prestressed steel bars through each load-bearing beam in sequence, and then fixing the entire load-bearing beam with fixing sleeves. Subsequently, the segmental beam bodies are sequentially fixed to the upper ends of each load-bearing beam, and preformed components are installed at the lower ends of each segmental beam body. The connection ends between the segmental beam body and the load-bearing beam, as well as the connection ends between the preformed components and the load-bearing beam, are then fixed with reinforcing components.

[0022] If, due to manufacturing errors, the width of the load-bearing beam is less than the width of the connecting groove at the lower middle of the segmental beam body, or if the fastening nut on the load-bearing beam body is not aligned with the fastening nut on the segmental beam body, the tapered threaded rod is screwed into the threaded hole formed between the extrusion slider and the segmental beam body. As it is gradually screwed into the segmental beam body, the extrusion slider moves along the length of the extension, approaches the load-bearing beam body, and extrudes the load-bearing beam body, causing the segmental beam body to shift.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, this technical solution has the following advantages:

[0024] In this invention, by screwing in a tapered threaded rod, the extrusion slider moves downward along the inclined direction of the extension and away from the segmental beam body, simultaneously extruding the surface of the load-bearing beam. Because the tapered threaded rod and extrusion slider are symmetrically arranged on both sides, the synchronous displacement of the extrusion sliders on both sides will push the segmental beam body to produce a slight horizontal displacement, thereby adjusting the position of the segmental beam body on the load-bearing beam and eliminating height differences or skewing caused by component size deviations. When the segmental beam body is adjusted to be coaxial with the upper and lower fastening nuts, the connecting bolts can smoothly penetrate and lock. At this time, the reinforcing ribs on the surface of the fastening nuts are embedded inside the segmental beam body and the load-bearing beam, forming a shear-resistant constraint. Combined with the preload of the tapered threaded rod and the lateral extrusion force of the extrusion slider, a multi-point rigid connection between the segmental beam body and the load-bearing beam is achieved, significantly improving the connection stability.

[0025] In this invention, construction workers can hold a strong magnet or magnetic push rod close to the surface of the segmental beam and move it along the tangential direction of the adjusting wheel. The external magnetic field penetrates the thin-walled structure of the segmental beam and attracts the magnetic metal plates on the surface of the adjusting wheel. By continuously changing the position of the external magnet, the magnetic metal plates at different positions are attracted and pulled in sequence. The magnetic torque drives the adjusting wheel to rotate in the movable cavity along the attraction direction. As the adjusting wheel rotates, the threaded sleeve and the screw move relative to each other, driving the screw to rotate axially so that its end protrudes from the side of the segmental beam, thereby adjusting the expansion joint gap between adjacent segmental beams. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the segmental beam body and the load-bearing beam body.

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Another perspective illustration.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of point a in the middle.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section of the segmental beam.

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged diagram of point b in the middle.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of a tapered threaded rod being screwed into a threaded hole.

[0034] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram illustrating the separation of the anti-detachment clamping plate from the tapered threaded rod.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the planar view after a tapered threaded rod is screwed into a threaded hole.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking groove and the strip-shaped limiting block structure.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an expansion joint between two adjacent beam segments.

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the component is located within the segmental beam body.

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the extension of the screw to the body of the segmental beam.

[0040] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the process of adjusting an expansion joint.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Segmental beam; 2. Load-bearing beam; 3. Prestressed steel reinforcement; 4. Fixing sleeve; 5. Component.

[0042] 11. Segmental beam body; 12. Preformed part; 13. Tapered threaded rod; 14. Extrusion slider; 15. Connecting bolt; 16. Fastening nut;

[0043] Fitting groove 111, movable cavity 112, sliding groove 113;

[0044] Fitting groove 3 121, strip-shaped limiting block 122;

[0045] Anti-detachment clamp 131;

[0046] Fitting slot two 141, fitting slot four 142;

[0047] Adjusting wheel 51, magnetic metal plate 511, screw 52, ​​threaded sleeve 53, dust cover 54, positioning pin 55, spring 551. Detailed Implementation

[0048] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the present invention proposes a detachable segmental composite beam, including a load-bearing beam body 2 and segmental beams 1 installed on the load-bearing beam body 2. The segmental beams 1 and the load-bearing beam body 2 are fixed together by a strengthening component, and multiple segmental beams 1 and load-bearing beam bodies 2 are provided. Prestressed steel bars 3 are passed through adjacent load-bearing beam bodies 2, and the ends of the prestressed steel bars 3 are respectively abutted against the surface of the corresponding load-bearing beam body 2 by a fixing sleeve 4.

[0049] The segmental beam 1 includes a segmental beam body 11 and a preformed component 12. The segmental beam body 11 has an inwardly recessed connecting groove at the lower center. When the segmental beam body 11 is fixed to the load-bearing beam 2, the load-bearing beam 2 is embedded in the connecting groove. The lower surface of the segmental beam body 11 near both sides of the connecting groove is provided with stepped edges. The preformed component 12 is respectively set in the two stepped edges. The lower end of the preformed component 12 is provided with an extension that extends obliquely toward the load-bearing beam 2. An adjustment port is formed between the extension and the load-bearing beam 2.

[0050] The load-bearing beam 2 serves as the core load-bearing skeleton. Its upper surface forms an interlocking structure with the connecting groove at the lower end of the segmental beam body 11, thereby restricting horizontal displacement. Prestressed steel bars 3 penetrate adjacent load-bearing beam bodies 2 and are locked by fixing sleeves 4 at both ends, forming a continuous prestressed system to withstand tensile forces. The segmental beam body 11 and the load-bearing beam 2 are connected by a reinforcing component. When the segmental beam body 11 needs to be replaced, the connecting bolts 15 are unscrewed and the compression slider 14 is removed, thus releasing the locking between the preformed component 12 and the load-bearing beam body 2 and enabling quick disassembly.

[0051] The reinforcement component includes a compression slider 14 disposed in the adjustment port and a connecting bolt 15 passing through the segmental beam body 11 and extending into the load-bearing beam body 2. The extension is inclined downward on the side near the compression slider 14. The compression slider 14 abuts against the extension of the preformed part 12 and the surface of the load-bearing beam body 2. Fastening nuts 16 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the segmental beam body 11 and on the side of the load-bearing beam body 2 near the segmental beam body 11. The upper and lower adjacent fastening nuts 16 are arranged on the same axis. The connecting bolt 15 passes through each fastening nut 16 from top to bottom and forms a threaded connection with each fastening nut 16. The surface of the fastening nut 16 is provided with multiple reinforcing ribs, which are inserted into the corresponding segmental beam body 11 and load-bearing beam body 2.

[0052] Furthermore, a tapered threaded rod 13 is provided between the extrusion slider 14 and the segmental beam body 11, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the adjacent surfaces of the extrusion slider 14 and the segmental beam body 11. The two arc-shaped grooves form a threaded hole that is threadedly connected to the tapered threaded rod 13. The tapered threaded rod 13 has a tapered cross-section, with the smaller diameter end facing the threaded hole. The outer diameter of the larger diameter end of the tapered threaded rod 13 is larger than the inner diameter of the threaded hole. When the tapered threaded rod 13 is gradually screwed into the threaded hole, the extrusion slider 14 gradually moves away from the segmental beam body 11 and moves along the extension direction of the extension.

[0053] When the tapered threaded rod 13 is screwed in, the large-diameter end of the tapered structure cannot be fully inserted into the threaded hole, forcing the compression slider 14 to move downward along the inclined direction of the extension and away from the segmental beam body 11, while simultaneously compressing the surface of the load-bearing beam 2. Because the tapered threaded rod 13 and compression slider 14 are symmetrically arranged on both sides, the synchronous displacement of the compression slider 14 on both sides will push the segmental beam body 11 to produce a slight horizontal displacement, thereby adjusting the position of the segmental beam body 11 on the load-bearing beam 2 and eliminating height differences or skewing caused by component size deviations. When the segmental beam body 11 is adjusted to be coaxial with the upper and lower fastening nuts 16, the connecting bolt 15 can smoothly penetrate and lock. At this time, the reinforcing ribs on the surface of the fastening nuts 16 are embedded inside the segmental beam body 11 and the load-bearing beam 2, forming an anti-shear constraint. Combined with the preload of the tapered threaded rod 13 and the lateral compression force of the compression slider 14, a multi-point rigid connection between the segmental beam body 11 and the load-bearing beam 2 is achieved, significantly improving the connection stability.

[0054] The segmental beam body 11 has a fitting groove 111 on the side surface near the threaded hole. A fitting groove 141 is provided at the corresponding position of the extrusion slider 14 and the fitting groove 111. Both the fitting groove 111 and the fitting groove 141 are parallel to the extension portion. The large-diameter end surface of the tapered threaded rod 13 also has a retaining groove. An anti-disengagement retaining plate 131 is installed in this groove. When the tapered threaded rod 13 is screwed into the threaded hole, it is embedded in the fitting groove 111 by the anti-disengagement retaining plate 131. 111 and the fitting groove 2 141 form a fixation for the tapered threaded rod 13; the preform 12 and the adjacent surface of the extrusion slider 14 are provided with fitting groove 3 121, and the corresponding position of the extrusion slider 14 and fitting groove 3 121 is provided with fitting groove 4 142. A strip-shaped limiting block 122 is installed in fitting groove 3 121. When the extrusion slider 14 is installed to the adjustment port between the extension and the load-bearing beam 2, the strip-shaped limiting block 122 is embedded in fitting groove 4 142.

[0055] When the tapered threaded rod 13 is fully screwed into the threaded hole formed by the first fitting groove 111 and the second fitting groove 141, the anti-disengagement plate 131 is embedded in the fitting groove 111 and the second fitting groove 141 through a slot, thus fixing the tapered threaded rod 13. The fixing principle is as follows: the first fitting groove 111 is opened on the surface of the segment beam body 11, and the second fitting groove 141 is opened on the surface of the extrusion slider 14, and both are parallel to the extension. When the tapered threaded rod 13 is screwed into place, its axial direction is consistent with the extension direction of the first fitting groove 111 and the second fitting groove 141. At this time, the anti-disengagement plate 131 is embedded in the two fitting grooves, and its sidewall is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the first fitting groove 111 and the second fitting groove 141, restricting the reverse displacement of the tapered threaded rod 13 along the axial direction, i.e., the screwing-out direction. Meanwhile, due to the parallel arrangement of the first fitting groove 111 and the second fitting groove 141, the anti-detachment plate 131 cannot rotate circumferentially within the groove, further preventing the tapered threaded rod 13 from loosening due to vibration or load. In addition, the strip-shaped limiting block 122 is embedded in the fourth fitting groove 142 of the extrusion slider 14, forming a lateral constraint on the extrusion slider 14, indirectly enhancing the fixing stability of the tapered threaded rod 13, and ensuring that the entire reinforcement assembly remains locked under long-term stress.

[0056] Furthermore, mounting grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the segmental beam body 11, and components 5 are provided in the mounting grooves. The components 5 extend outward to the surface of the segmental beam body 11. The components 5 provided on two adjacent segmental beam bodies 11 are symmetrically arranged. An inwardly recessed movable cavity 112 is provided in the segmental beam body 11 near the components 5, and there is an expansion joint between two adjacent segmental beam bodies 11.

[0057] The component 5 includes an adjusting wheel 51, a screw 52, ​​a threaded sleeve 53, and a dust cover 54. A movable cavity 112 is provided at the corresponding position of the mounting groove and the adjusting wheel 51, and a sliding groove 113 is provided at the corresponding position of the mounting groove and the threaded sleeve 53. The adjusting wheel 51 is located in the movable cavity 112, and the threaded sleeve 53 is located in the sliding groove 113. The dust cover 54 is located on the side of the mounting groove near the surface of the segmental beam body 11. The screw 52 passes through the threaded sleeve 53 and the dust cover 54, and the screw 52 and the threaded sleeve 53 are threadedly connected.

[0058] Furthermore, the threaded sleeve 53 has protrusions extending into the threaded sleeve 53 on both sides. When the screw 52 is moved by force, the threaded sleeve 53 moves in the sliding groove 113. The adjusting wheel 51 has a plurality of magnetic metal plates 511 arranged in a ring on its circumferential surface. When the magnet attracted to the magnetic metal plates 511 is pushed in a direction parallel to the adjusting wheel 51, the adjusting wheel 51 rotates in the direction of magnet movement. The adjusting wheel 51 has a positioning hole. The movable cavity 112 is provided with a positioning pin 55 inserted into the positioning hole at the corresponding position. The positioning pin 55 is sleeved with a spring 551. The two ends of the spring 551 abut against the surfaces of the adjusting wheel 51 and the movable cavity 112, respectively.

[0059] The magnetically attracted metal plates 511 arranged in a ring on the circumferential surface of the adjusting wheel 51 serve as the magnetic conduction medium. When a worker holds a strong magnet or magnetic push rod close to the surface of the segmental beam body 11 and moves it along the tangential direction of the adjusting wheel 51, the external magnetic field penetrates the thin-walled structure of the segmental beam body 11 and attracts the magnetically attracted metal plates 511 on the surface of the adjusting wheel 51. By continuously changing the position of the external magnet, the magnetically attracted metal plates 511 at different positions are attracted and pulled in sequence, and the magnetic torque drives the adjusting wheel 51 to rotate in the movable cavity 112 along the attraction direction. As the adjusting wheel 51 rotates, the threaded sleeve 53 and the screw 52 move relative to each other, driving the screw 52 to rotate axially so that its end protrudes from the side of the segmental beam body 11, thereby adjusting the expansion joint gap between adjacent segmental beam bodies 11. This design avoids the inconvenience of directly operating the adjusting wheel 51 in a narrow installation slot through non-contact magnetic drive, while the dust cover 54 effectively prevents external impurities from entering the movable cavity 112, ensuring the long-term reliability of the adjusting assembly 5.

[0060] Based on the above, this invention also proposes a construction method for a detachable segmental composite beam. During construction, the load-bearing beams 2 are sequentially installed and arranged on the ground, and prestressed steel bars 3 are sequentially passed through each load-bearing beam 2. The entire load-bearing beam 2 is then fixed using a fixing sleeve 4. Subsequently, the segmental beam bodies 11 are sequentially fixed to the upper ends of each load-bearing beam 2. Preformed components 12 are then installed below each load-bearing beam 2, and the connection ends between the segmental beam bodies 11 and the load-bearing beams 2, as well as the connection ends between the preformed components 12 and the load-bearing beams 2, are fixed using wall-fixing components.

[0061] When the width of the load-bearing beam 2 is less than the width of the connecting groove at the lower middle of the segmental beam body 11, or when the fastening nut 16 on the load-bearing beam 2 is not on the same axis as the fastening nut 16 on the segmental beam body 11, the tapered threaded rod 13 is screwed into the threaded hole formed between the preform 12 and the segmental beam body 11. As it is gradually screwed into the segmental beam body 11, the extrusion slider 14 moves along the length of the extension, approaches the load-bearing beam 2, and extrudes the load-bearing beam 2, causing the segmental beam body 11 to shift.

[0062] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable segmental composite beam, characterized in that, It includes a load-bearing beam (2) and segment beams (1) installed on the load-bearing beam (2). The segment beams (1) and the load-bearing beam (2) are fixed together by a strong component. There are multiple segment beams (1) and load-bearing beams (2). Prestressed steel bars (3) are inserted between adjacent load-bearing beams (2). The ends of the prestressed steel bars (3) are respectively abutted against the surface of the corresponding load-bearing beam (2) by a fixed sleeve (4). The segmental beam (1) includes a segmental beam body (11) and a preform (12). The segmental beam body (11) has an inwardly recessed connecting groove at the lower middle part. When the segmental beam body (11) is fixed to the load-bearing beam (2), the load-bearing beam (2) is embedded in the connecting groove. The lower end of the segmental beam body (11) has stepped edges on both sides of the connecting groove. The preform (12) is respectively set in the two stepped edges. The lower end of the preform (12) has an extension that extends obliquely toward the load-bearing beam (2). An adjustment port is formed between the extension and the load-bearing beam (2). The reinforcement component includes a compression slider (14) disposed in the adjustment port and a connecting bolt (15) that passes through the segment beam body (11) and extends into the load-bearing beam body (2). The extension is inclined downward on the side near the compression slider (14). The compression slider (14) abuts against the extension of the preform (12) and the surface of the load-bearing beam body (2). Fastening nuts (16) are provided on the upper and lower sides of the segment beam body (11) and on the side of the load-bearing beam body (2) near the segment beam body (11). The upper and lower adjacent fastening nuts (16) are arranged on the same axis. The connecting bolt (15) passes through each fastening nut (16) from top to bottom and forms a threaded connection with each fastening nut (16). The fastening nut (16) has multiple reinforcing ribs on its surface, which are inserted into the corresponding segment beam body (11) and the load-bearing beam body (2); A tapered threaded rod (13) is provided between the extrusion slider (14) and the segmental beam body (11), and an arc groove is provided on the adjacent surfaces of the extrusion slider (14) and the segmental beam body (11). The two arc grooves form a threaded hole that is threadedly connected to the tapered threaded rod (13). The tapered threaded rod (13) has a tapered cross-section with the small diameter end facing the threaded hole. The outer diameter of the large diameter end of the tapered threaded rod (13) is larger than the inner diameter of the threaded hole. When the tapered threaded rod (13) is gradually screwed into the threaded hole, the extrusion slider (14) gradually moves away from the segment beam body (11) and moves along the extension direction of the extension.

2. The detachable segmental composite beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segmental beam body (11) has a fitting groove one (111) on the side surface near the threaded hole. The extrusion slider (14) has a fitting groove two (141) at the corresponding position of the fitting groove one (111). Both the fitting groove one (111) and the fitting groove two (141) are parallel to the extension. The tapered threaded rod (13) is also provided with a slot on the large-diameter end surface. An anti-disengagement plate (131) is installed in the slot. When the tapered threaded rod (13) is screwed into the threaded hole, the anti-disengagement plate (131) is embedded in the first fitting groove (111) and the second fitting groove (141) to fix the tapered threaded rod (13). The preform (12) and the extrusion slider (14) are provided with a fitting groove three (121) on their adjacent surfaces. The extrusion slider (14) and the fitting groove three (121) are provided with a fitting groove four (142) at their corresponding positions. A strip-shaped limiting block (122) is installed in the fitting groove three (121). When the extrusion slider (14) is installed at the adjustment port between the extension and the load-bearing beam (2), the strip-shaped limiting block (122) is embedded in the fitting groove four (142).

3. The detachable segmental composite beam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The segmental beam body (11) is provided with mounting grooves on both the left and right sides, and a component (5) is provided in the mounting groove. The component (5) extends outward to the surface of the segmental beam body (11). The components (5) provided on two adjacent segmental beam bodies (11) are symmetrically arranged. The segmental beam body (11) is provided with an inwardly recessed movable cavity (112) near the component (5), and there is an expansion joint between two adjacent segmental beam bodies (11). The component (5) includes an adjusting wheel (51), a screw (52), a threaded sleeve (53), and a dust cover (54). A movable cavity (112) is provided at the corresponding position of the mounting groove and the adjusting wheel (51), and a sliding groove (113) is provided at the corresponding position of the mounting groove and the threaded sleeve (53). The adjusting wheel (51) is located in the movable cavity (112), and the threaded sleeve (53) is located in the sliding groove (113). The dust cover (54) is located on the side of the mounting groove near the surface of the segmental beam body (11). The screw (52) passes through the threaded sleeve (53) and the dust cover (54). The screw (52) and the threaded sleeve (53) are threadedly connected.

4. A detachable segmental composite beam according to claim 3, characterized in that, The threaded sleeve (53) has protrusions extending out of the threaded sleeve (53) on both sides. When the screw (52) is moved by force, the threaded sleeve (53) moves in the groove (113). The adjusting wheel (51) has a ring array of multiple magnetic metal plates (511) on its circumferential surface. When a magnet that is attracted to the magnetic metal plate (511) is pushed in a direction parallel to the adjusting wheel (51), the adjusting wheel (51) rotates in the direction of magnet movement. The adjusting wheel (51) is provided with a positioning hole. The movable cavity (112) is provided with a positioning pin (55) inserted into the positioning hole at the corresponding position. The positioning pin (55) is covered with a spring (551). The two ends of the spring (551) abut against the surfaces of the adjusting wheel (51) and the movable cavity (112), respectively.

5. A construction method for a detachable segmental composite beam, based on the detachable segmental composite beam described in claim 4, characterized in that, During construction, the load-bearing beams (2) need to be installed and arranged on the ground in sequence, and the prestressed steel bars (3) are passed through each load-bearing beam (2) in sequence. Then, the entire load-bearing beam (2) is fixed by the fixing sleeve (4). Then, the segment beam body (11) is fixed to the upper end of each load-bearing beam (2) in sequence. Then, the preformed part (12) is installed at the lower end of each segment beam body (11), and the connection end between the segment beam body (11) and the load-bearing beam (2) and the connection end between the preformed part (12) and the load-bearing beam (2) are fixed by the strengthening component. If, due to manufacturing errors, the width of the load-bearing beam (2) is less than the width of the connecting groove at the lower middle of the segmental beam body (11), or if the fastening nut (16) on the load-bearing beam (2) is not on the same axis as the fastening nut (16) on the segmental beam body (11), the tapered threaded rod (13) is screwed into the threaded hole formed between the extrusion slider (14) and the segmental beam body (11). As it is gradually screwed into the segmental beam body (11), the extrusion slider (14) moves along the length of the extension, approaches the load-bearing beam (2), and extrudes the load-bearing beam (2), causing the segmental beam body (11) to shift.

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