An overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cross-linked polyethylene insulated cable technology, and discloses an overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating. The cable includes a conventional structure such as a cable core, inner shielding layer, insulation layer, outer shielding layer, inner sheath, and armor layer. Drive components and anti-icing outer sheath components are evenly spaced on the outside. The drive components are driven by a fixed ring, a rotating ring, and a micro-motor, causing the spiral twisted wire to alternately tighten and loosen, enabling the flexible sheath to simultaneously achieve radial creep and circumferential bidirectional torsion. A V-shaped axial twisting groove is formed on the outer wall of the flexible sheath, and the outer wall is coated with a composite anti-icing coating. This solution can disrupt the interface between the ice core and the cable surface in the early stages of ice formation, quickly draining the thin water film to block the ice core. Combined with the hydrophobic and ice-repellent properties of the coating, it cuts off the ice layer growth cycle from the source, effectively inhibiting ice thickening, avoiding safety accidents caused by large-scale icing, and improving the operational reliability of overhead cables in freezing rain and high humidity / low temperature environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cross-linked polyethylene insulated cable technology, and more particularly to an overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating. Background Technology

[0002] In early winter or early spring, when temperatures drop to 0°C to -5°C, air humidity is high, and there is appropriate wind speed, supercooled water droplets adhering to the cable surface will quickly condense into a dense ice layer. As the ice layer continues to thicken, it will first significantly increase the mechanical load on the cable. When the weight of the ice exceeds the design load limit, it will directly lead to conductor breakage, hardware damage, or even tower collapse. Secondly, icing will change the dynamic characteristics of the conductor. Uneven icing across spans will cause significant changes in sag, potentially leading to insufficient ground clearance and discharge accidents. Furthermore, asynchronous icing of upper and lower conductors can cause conductors to jump and collide, resulting in phase-to-phase short circuits. In addition, icing of insulator strings will greatly reduce their insulation performance, making them highly susceptible to ice flashover faults. These chain reactions caused by icing can ultimately lead to large-scale power outages, causing serious losses to production and daily life.

[0003] For overhead cables that are static and have smooth surfaces, even small amounts of precipitation in freezing rain or high humidity and low temperature environments can cause water to spread evenly on the cable sheath due to surface tension, making it difficult for the water to accumulate into large enough droplets to roll off. Instead, the water forms a very thin liquid film. Since the cable itself does not move or disturb, this thin water film is difficult to detach effectively. When the temperature drops to freezing point, an initial ice shell is easily formed. Once the initial ice shell forms, the surface roughness and wettability of the cable will change, and subsequent supercooled water droplets are more likely to impact, spread and freeze on its surface, causing the ice layer to grow rapidly and evolve into a serious icing disaster. This can lead to accidents such as conductor overload, increased sag, galloping and even wire breakage. Traditional coating or manual de-icing methods are difficult to intervene effectively in the early stages of ice accumulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that in freezing rain environments, static smooth overhead cables are difficult to detach due to surface tension. After freezing, the surface characteristics change, causing the ice layer to grow rapidly, eventually leading to serious accidents such as overload and galloping. Traditional overhead cables are difficult to effectively intervene in the early stages. Therefore, we propose an overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: an overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating, comprising: an outer cable sheath and a cable core; a plurality of drive assemblies are evenly distributed on the outer side of the outer cable sheath; each drive assembly includes a fixed ring coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the outer cable sheath, and the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the outer cable sheath; a ring edge is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring, and a rotating ring is coaxially arranged inside the ring edge; the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the ring edge; an anti-icing outer sheath assembly is wrapped around the outer side of the outer cable sheath; the anti-icing outer sheath assembly is spaced apart from the drive assemblies; the anti-icing outer sheath assembly includes a flexible... A flexible twisted sleeve has one end fixedly connected to a fixed ring in one of the drive assemblies, and the other end fixedly connected to a rotating ring in an adjacent drive assembly. When the rotating ring rotates, it can drive the end of the flexible twisted sleeve to twist. A twisting wire is provided between the flexible twisted sleeve and the cable outer sheath. The twisting wire is spirally wound around the outer circumference of the cable outer sheath. One end of the twisting wire is fixedly connected to a fixed ring in one of the drive assemblies, and the other end is fixedly connected to a rotating ring in an adjacent drive assembly. The forward and reverse rotation of the rotating ring causes the twisting wire to alternately tighten and loosen, thereby causing the flexible twisted sleeve to peristalse.

[0006] Preferably, the outer wall of the flexible sleeve is provided with a plurality of twisting grooves at equal intervals, and the direction of the twisting grooves is parallel to the axial direction of the flexible sleeve. When the flexible sleeve is twisted, the twisting grooves are spiral.

[0007] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the twisting groove is set to V-shape, and the depth-to-width ratio of the twisting groove is 1:2.

[0008] Preferably, the twisting wire is connected to the inner wall of the flexible sleeve in a point-like manner, that is, the twisting wire is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flexible sleeve only at a few discrete positions in its length direction, and the remaining parts are not relatively fixed to the inner wall of the flexible sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a fixed bushing is fitted inside the rotating ring, and the fixed bushing is fixedly connected to the outer sheath of the cable. A ball bearing is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed bushing, and a ball groove is formed on the inner wall of the rotating ring, with the ball bearing rolling inside the ball groove.

[0010] Preferably, a serrated strip is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating ring, a micro gear meshes with the bottom of the serrated strip, and a micro motor is installed at the bottom of the fixed ring, with the output end of the micro motor fixedly connected to the micro gear.

[0011] Preferably, the cable core is wrapped with an inner shielding layer, the inner shielding layer is coaxially sleeved with an insulating layer, and the insulating layer is coaxially sleeved with an outer shielding layer.

[0012] Preferably, the outer shielding layer is coaxially fitted with an inner sheath, and the inner sheath is coaxially fitted with an armor layer, with the inner sheath disposed inside the outer sheath of the cable.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the flexible sleeve is uniformly coated with an anti-icing coating, the thickness of which is set to thirty to eighty micrometers.

[0014] Preferably, the anti-icing coating comprises, by weight, the following raw material components: 40-70 parts of polyurethane elastomer resin, 15-35 parts of fluorosilicone modified polyurethane, 5-15 parts of fluoromodified nano-silica, 2-8 parts of polysilazane, 1-5 parts of carbon fiber, 3-10 parts of wax emulsion, 8-20 parts of curing agent, 0.5-2 parts of leveling agent, 0.2-1 part of defoamer, and 20-50 parts of solvent.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention uses a driving component to drive a flexible twisted sleeve to achieve a combined dynamic action of circumferential bidirectional torsion and radial creep. Combined with a V-shaped twisted groove with a depth-to-width ratio of 1:2, which simultaneously undergoes angular deflection and morphological deformation, in the initial stage before the ice embryo has firmly adhered and developed into a continuous, dense ice shell, the circumferential shear force and radial undulation deformation can disrupt the interface between the ice embryo and the cable surface, preventing the formation and encapsulation of a complete ice shell. Simultaneously, the dynamic flow-guiding structure of the V-shaped groove can quickly drain the thin water film remaining on the cable surface, preventing the water from continuously spreading, freezing, and forming an ice core. Furthermore, a hydrophobic and anti-icing coating reduces the adhesion of the ice embryo from the source. The synergistic effect of these multiple mechanisms fundamentally breaks the vicious cycle of ice layer capturing water and water refreezing, preventing the ice layer from further adsorbing supercooled water droplets and rapidly thickening. This achieves efficient early-stage suppression of icing, avoiding safety hazards such as conductor overload, increased sag, galloping, and even wire breakage caused by large-scale icing. It significantly improves the operational reliability of overhead cables in freezing rain and high-humidity, low-temperature environments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal part of the cable outer sheath of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded structural diagram of the driving component part of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the driving component part of the present invention; Figure 7This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the twisted wire portion of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anti-icing jacket component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anti-icing jacket assembly of the present invention in a torsional state.

[0018] Legend: 1. Cable outer sheath; 2. Drive assembly; 3. Anti-icing outer sheath assembly; 4. Twisted wire; 5. Cable core; 6. Inner shielding layer; 7. Insulation layer; 8. Outer shielding layer; 9. Inner sheath; 10. Armoring layer; 201. Fixing ring; 202. Ring edge; 203. Rotating ring; 204. Bushing; 205. Ball bearing; 206. Sawtooth strip; 207. Miniature gear; 208. Miniature motor; 209. Ball groove; 301. Flexible twisted sleeve; 302. Twisting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this invention, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this invention and should not be considered as the entirety of the invention or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating, comprising: an outer sheath 1 and a cable core 5, the cable core 5 being wrapped with an inner shielding layer 6, an insulating layer 7 being coaxially sleeved on the outside of the inner shielding layer 6, an outer shielding layer 8 being coaxially sleeved on the outside of the insulating layer 7, an inner sheath 9 being coaxially sleeved on the outside of the outer shielding layer 8, and an armor layer 10 being coaxially sleeved on the outside of the inner sheath 9, the armor layer 10 being disposed inside the outer sheath 1 of the cable.

[0021] The outermost layer of a traditional cable is the cable sheath 1, whose outer wall is generally smooth. In freezing rain or high humidity and low temperature environments, due to the surface tension of water and the low roughness of the cable surface, tiny water droplets falling on it are unlikely to coalesce into droplets large enough to overcome adhesion and roll off. Instead, they quickly spread and merge into a continuous and extremely thin liquid film, adhering to the cable's outer surface. Because traditional cables themselves do not experience any active movement or natural vibration disturbance, relying solely on external wind force and with relatively small cable sway amplitude, this thin water film is difficult to effectively dissipate and remains on the cable surface for a long time. Once the temperature drops below freezing, this water film immediately freezes, forming an initial ice shell. The formation of the initial ice shell changes the physical state of the cable surface, transforming it from a smooth surface to a rough and highly humid ice shell surface, making it easier for supercooled water droplets that subsequently impact the cable to be captured by the ice shell and instantly frozen. This ice-water-capturing and refreezing cycle mechanism allows the ice layer thickness to increase rapidly in a short period of time, quickly evolving into a severe icing disaster, which in turn causes accidents such as conductor overload, increased sag, galloping, flashover, and even wire breakage. In order to solve this technical problem, this application makes the following improvements.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, several sets of drive assemblies 2 are evenly distributed on the outside of the cable outer sheath 1. Each drive assembly 2 includes a fixed ring 201 coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cable outer sheath 1, and the fixed ring 201 is fixedly connected to the cable outer sheath 1. A ring edge 202 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring 201, and a rotating ring 203 is coaxially arranged inside the ring edge 202, rotatably connected to the ring edge 202. A fixed bushing 204 is sleeved inside the rotating ring 203, and the fixed bushing 204 is fixedly connected to the cable outer sheath 1. A ball bearing 205 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed bushing 204. A ball groove 209 is formed on the inner wall of the rotating ring 203, and the ball bearing 205 is tumbled inside the ball groove 209. The ball bearing 205 reduces the rotation of the rotating ring 203 outside the fixed bushing 204. The friction force; a serrated strip 206 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating ring 203, and a micro gear 207 is meshed at the bottom of the serrated strip 206. A micro motor 208 is installed at the bottom of the fixed ring 201. The output end of the micro motor 208 is fixedly connected to the micro gear 207. The output end of the micro motor 208 drives the micro gear 207 to rotate. Since the micro gear 207 and the serrated strip 206 mesh with each other, the rotating ring 203 can be driven to rotate. The serrated strip 206 covers half of the outer circumference of the rotating ring 203. When half of the serrated strip 206 is aligned with the micro gear 207, the twisting groove 302 is parallel to the axial direction of the flexible twisting sleeve 301. When the rotating ring 203 rotates 90 degrees to both sides, the flexible twisting sleeve 301 can be driven to twist 90 degrees in both directions.

[0023] The power supply method of the micro motor 208 is as follows: a power-collecting module is installed on the overhead power tower every fifty to one hundred meters to obtain power from the transmission line. A low-voltage DC bus is installed. The low-voltage DC bus runs along the cable route and passes through the interior of the flexible twisted sleeve 301 and is electrically connected to the output end of each power-collecting module. The power supply end of the micro motor 208 is connected in parallel to the low-voltage DC bus.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the outer sheath 1 of the cable is wrapped with an anti-icing outer sleeve assembly 3. The anti-icing outer sleeve assembly 3 is spaced apart from the drive assembly 2. The anti-icing outer sleeve assembly 3 includes a flexible twisted sleeve 301. One end of the flexible twisted sleeve 301 is fixedly connected to a fixed ring 201 in one of the drive assemblies 2, and the other end of the flexible twisted sleeve 301 is fixedly connected to a rotating ring 203 in an adjacent drive assembly 2. When the rotating ring 203 rotates, it can drive the end of the flexible twisted sleeve 301 to twist. The twisting motion of the flexible twisted sleeve 301 is to twist 90 degrees to both sides, which can form symmetrical and uniform circumferential deformation and shearing action on the cable surface. Compared with unidirectional twisting, it can avoid stress concentration and dead corners for local ice removal, making the ice layer easier to crack and fall off as a whole under bidirectional alternating torque.

[0025] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the flexible sleeve 301 has several twisting grooves 302 evenly spaced on its outer wall, and the direction of the twisting grooves 302 is parallel to the axial direction of the flexible sleeve 301. The twisting grooves 302 twist together with the flexible sleeve 301. When the flexible sleeve 301 twists, the twisting grooves 302 are spiral. During the twisting process, the opening angle of the twisting grooves 302 and the axial flow direction will dynamically deflect, which can quickly disrupt and guide the water accumulation on the cable surface, preventing the water from forming a continuous thin water layer on the cable surface. At the same time, the dynamically changing structure of the twisting grooves 302 will continuously generate small deformations and shearing effects. In the initial stage when the ice shell is just forming and has not yet firmly attached, it can destroy the continuous bonding interface between the ice shell and the cable surface, preventing the formation and wrapping of a complete ice shell.

[0026] The cross-sectional shape of the twisting groove 302 is set as V-shaped, and the depth-to-width ratio of the twisting groove 302 is 1:2. It can quickly guide the water and meltwater on the surface of the cable to drain smoothly along the twisting groove 302 by relying on the V-shaped open structure, so as to avoid water accumulation and the formation of ice core. The depth-to-width ratio of 1:2 is moderate. It will not cause ice and snow debris to block the channel and affect the drainage effect due to the groove being too deep or too narrow, nor will it lose its cutting and blocking effect on the initial ice embryo due to being too shallow or too wide. It improves the anti-icing performance from multiple aspects such as drainage and guiding and breaking the initial ice layer formation.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, a twisting wire 4 is provided between the flexible twisted sleeve 301 and the cable outer sheath 1. The twisting wire 4 is spirally wound around the outer circumference of the cable outer sheath 1. The twisting wire 4 is connected to the inner wall of the flexible twisted sleeve 301 in a point-like manner, that is, the twisting wire 4 is only fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flexible twisted sleeve 301 at several discrete positions in its length direction, and the remaining parts are not relatively fixed to the inner wall of the flexible twisted sleeve 301. One end of the twisting wire 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 201 in one of the drive components 2, and the other end of the twisting wire 4 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 203 in the adjacent drive component 2. The forward and reverse rotation of the rotating ring 203 drives the twisting wire 4 to alternately tighten and loosen, thereby causing the flexible twisted sleeve 301 to peristalse.

[0028] The bidirectional reciprocating rotation of the rotating ring 203 drives the twisted wire 4 to tighten and bulge outward, causing the flexible sleeve 301 to undergo radial creep deformation. This creeping action, together with the circumferential torsion of the flexible sleeve 301 itself, forms an efficient synergy, which can apply a combined force to the ice from both radial expansion and contraction and circumferential shear. It can break the tight adhesion between the ice layer and the surface of the flexible sleeve 301 through the radial undulation generated by creep, allowing the initial ice shell to crack and loosen quickly. It can also completely peel off the loose ice layer with the help of the circumferential shear force of torsion. The linkage of the two can also form an all-round dynamic deformation on the surface of the thin sleeve, effectively eliminating the de-icing dead angle caused by a single action. Moreover, the combined deformation force is gentle and uniform, which can also avoid damage to the flexible sleeve 301 and the cable body structure due to excessive single deformation amplitude.

[0029] Please see Figure 2 As shown, the outer wall of the flexible sleeve 301 is uniformly coated with an anti-icing coating. The thickness of the anti-icing coating is set to 30 to 80 micrometers. The anti-icing coating can reduce the adhesion of ice and snow to the cable surface from the source, making it difficult for ice to solidify firmly on the inner wall of the flexible sleeve 301 and the twisting groove 302, thereby reducing the formation of initial icing from the root. Combined with the torsion and radial creeping action of the flexible sleeve 301, the loose ice layer can be more easily peeled off by mechanical force.

[0030] The anti-icing coating, by weight, comprises the following raw material components: 40-70 parts of polyurethane elastomer resin, the base resin, used to provide excellent elasticity, flexibility, and elongation at break, ensuring that the anti-icing coating does not crack or peel off during repeated torsional deformation of the flexible sleeve 301; 15-35 parts of fluorosilicone-modified polyurethane, used to reduce surface energy and impart hydrophobic and ice-repellent properties, with ice adhesion strength as low as 14-150 kPa; 5-15 parts of fluoromodified nano-silica, used to construct a micro-nano rough structure and enhance superhydrophobic properties; and polysilicon nitrogen... Alkane 2-8 parts, used to enhance the coating's flexibility and low-temperature adaptability, maintaining good flexibility even at -60℃; carbon fiber 1-5 parts, used to enhance the coating's mechanical properties, inhibit crack propagation, and improve tensile and impact resistance; wax emulsion 3-10 parts, used to reduce the surface friction coefficient, enhance slip and wear resistance, and assist in preventing icing; curing agent 8-20 parts, used for cross-linking and curing, forming an interpenetrating network structure, and improving mechanical strength and adhesion; leveling agent 0.5-2 parts, defoamer 0.2-1 part, solvent 20-50 parts.

[0031] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating, characterized in that, The cable includes an outer sheath and a core. Several sets of drive assemblies are evenly spaced around the outer sheath. Each drive assembly includes a fixed ring coaxially sleeved around the outer sheath and fixedly connected to it. A ring edge is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring, and a rotating ring is coaxially arranged inside the ring edge, rotatably connected to it. An anti-icing jacket assembly is wrapped around the outer sheath. This anti-icing jacket assembly is spaced apart from the drive assemblies. The anti-icing jacket assembly includes a flexible twisted sleeve. One end of the flexible twisted sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixed ring in one of the drive assemblies, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotating ring in an adjacent drive assembly. When the rotating ring rotates, it drives the end of the flexible twisted sleeve to twist. The flexible twisted sleeve and the outer sheath... A twisted wire is provided between the sheaths. The twisted wire is spirally wound around the outer circumference of the cable's outer sheath. One end of the twisted wire is fixedly connected to a fixed ring in one of the drive components, and the other end of the twisted wire is fixedly connected to a rotating ring in an adjacent drive component. The forward and reverse rotation of the rotating ring causes the twisted wire to alternately tighten and loosen, thereby causing the flexible twisted sheath to peristalse. A fixed bushing is fitted inside the rotating ring, and the fixed bushing is fixedly connected to the cable's outer sheath. A ball bearing is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed bushing, and a ball groove is formed on the inner wall of the rotating ring, in which the ball bearing rolls. A serrated strip is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating ring, and a micro gear meshes with the bottom of the serrated strip. A micro motor is installed at the bottom of the fixed ring, and the output end of the micro motor is fixedly connected to the micro gear.

2. The overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible sleeve has several twisting grooves evenly spaced on its outer wall, and the direction of the twisting grooves is parallel to the axis of the flexible sleeve. When the flexible sleeve is twisted, the twisting grooves are spiral.

3. The overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the twisting groove is set to V-shape, and the depth-to-width ratio of the twisting groove is 1:

2.

4. The overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding wire is connected to the inner wall of the flexible sleeve in a point-like manner, that is, the winding wire is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flexible sleeve only at a few discrete positions in its length direction, and the remaining parts are not relatively fixed to the inner wall of the flexible sleeve.

5. The overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable core is wrapped with an inner shielding layer, and an insulating layer is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the inner shielding layer. An outer shielding layer is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the insulating layer.

6. The overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer shielding layer is coaxially fitted with an inner sheath, and the inner sheath is coaxially fitted with an armor layer, which is located inside the outer sheath of the cable.

7. The overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the flexible sleeve is uniformly coated with an anti-icing coating, the thickness of which is set to 30 to 80 micrometers.

8. The overhead insulated cable with an anti-icing coating according to claim 7, characterized in that: The anti-icing coating comprises, by weight, the following raw material components: 40-70 parts polyurethane elastomer resin, 15-35 parts fluorosilicone modified polyurethane, 5-15 parts fluoromodified nano silica, 2-8 parts polysilazane, 1-5 parts carbon fiber, 3-10 parts wax emulsion, 8-20 parts curing agent, 0.5-2 parts leveling agent, 0.2-1 parts defoamer, and 20-50 parts solvent.

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