An oil-immersed transformer's capsule oil tank and heat dissipation integrated device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of transformers, and discloses a capsule oil storage tank and heat dissipation integrated device of an oil-immersed transformer, which comprises an oil-immersed transformer, the side of the oil-immersed transformer is provided with an oil pillow, an emergency protection mechanism is arranged in the oil pillow, and a control system is arranged in the oil-immersed transformer. The liquid sensor and the humidity sensor cooperate with the control system, real-time monitoring and distinguishing of air bag damage and respiratory system leakage are realized, and the problem that fault types are difficult to distinguish in the prior art is solved. Meanwhile, the emergency protection mechanism wraps the outer surface of the air bag when the air bag is damaged and guides the leaked oil to a recovery box, physical isolation and no-external-leakage collection are realized, the intelligent heat dissipation fan is forced to run at full speed to delay the rise of oil temperature, the safe operation of key equipment such as large-scale direct-current converter transformers is further ensured, and the device is especially suitable for high-reliability application scenarios such as intelligent large-scale direct-current converter transformers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer technology, and more specifically to an integrated oil-immersed transformer's bladder oil tank and heat dissipation device, particularly suitable for intelligent large-scale DC converter transformers. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, the insulating oil in an oil-immersed transformer expands or contracts in volume with temperature changes. To address this issue, large transformers commonly employ bladder-type oil conservators. These conservators compensate for oil volume changes through the expansion and contraction of an internal bladder, while simultaneously isolating the oil from air to prevent oil deterioration. However, existing bladder-type oil conservators present two main problems in practical applications: 1. Lack of effective leakage monitoring methods: During long-term operation, capsules may be damaged due to aging, mechanical damage, etc., and breathing tubes may also leak due to sealing failure or desiccant saturation. At present, we mainly rely on manual inspection of oil level gauges or periodic oil sampling for testing to make judgments. This method is slow to respond and difficult to detect in the early stage of the fault. It is even more difficult to distinguish whether it is capsule damage or breathing tube leakage, which brings difficulties to fault location and handling. Second, lack of emergency response mechanism: Once the capsule is damaged, the transformer oil will be in direct contact with the air, which will accelerate the oxidation and moisture absorption of the oil. If it is not dealt with in time, it may cause a decline in insulation performance or even equipment failure. However, the existing oil tank structure does not have physical isolation measures for capsule rupture, nor can it provide a backup passage in case of respiratory system failure. For critical equipment such as intelligent large DC converter transformers, the requirements for operational reliability are extremely high. Any oil deterioration or hidden leakage may lead to serious consequences. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated oil-immersed transformer oil tank and heat dissipation device to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated oil storage tank and heat dissipation device for an oil-immersed transformer to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated oil tank and heat dissipation device for an oil-immersed transformer, comprising an oil-immersed transformer, an oil conservator on the side of the oil-immersed transformer, a conveying pipe installed through the middle area of ​​the top of the oil conservator, a rubber airbag installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe, an emergency protection mechanism installed inside the oil conservator, a control system installed inside the oil-immersed transformer, and a liquid sensor installed on the inner side of the bottom of the rubber airbag for collecting liquid level data inside the rubber airbag and transmitting it to the control system to determine whether the rubber airbag is damaged; The emergency protection mechanism includes two sets of protective chambers, which are respectively installed on the inner sides of both ends of the oil tank. Each set of protective chambers has a sliding groove installed on its top. Three sets of sliders are movably sleeved inside the sliding groove. A lead screw is threadedly connected to the slider of the set of sliders away from the corresponding protective chamber. A servo motor is installed at the end of the lead screw near the protective chamber to drive the lead screw to rotate. The same limiting component is installed at the bottom of the three sets of sliders. The limiting component has a folded flexible covering layer inside. When the control system detects that the rubber airbag is damaged, it controls two sets of servo motors to start, driving the corresponding sliders and limit components to move to the other position until the two sets of limit components come into contact with each other. At this time, two sets of folded flexible covering layers cover the outer surface of the rubber airbag, providing secondary protection for the damaged part of the rubber airbag.

[0005] Preferably, a three-way switching valve is installed at the top of the delivery pipe, and a main / standby automatic switching breathing mechanism is provided on the outside of the three-way switching valve; The automatic switching breathing mechanism includes a main breathing component and a backup breathing component. The end of the three-way switching valve away from the delivery pipe is provided with two sets of input terminals, with the main breathing component and the backup breathing component respectively installed on the two sets of input terminals.

[0006] Preferably, a humidity sensor is installed on the inner side of the top of the rubber airbag to collect humidity data inside the rubber airbag. The control system receives the humidity data and uses it to analyze whether the main and backup automatic switching breathing mechanism or the rubber airbag is damaged. The limiting component includes a first limiting ring, a second limiting ring, and a third limiting ring.

[0007] Preferably, the first limiting ring, the second limiting ring, and the third limiting ring are installed sequentially on the bottom of three adjacent sets of sliders, and the installation order of the three is arranged in the direction away from the corresponding protective chamber, wherein the first limiting ring is closest to the protective chamber and the third limiting ring is furthest from the protective chamber.

[0008] Preferably, multiple sets of elastic components are equidistantly installed on the inner surfaces of the first limiting ring, the second limiting ring, and the third limiting ring. The elastic components include a hollow plate, a push plate, and a spring.

[0009] Preferably, the hollow plate is installed on the inner side of the corresponding first limiting ring, second limiting ring and third limiting ring, one end of the push plate is slidably fitted in the buffer groove opened inside the hollow plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer side of the folded flexible covering layer, and the spring is disposed between the hollow plate and the push plate to apply elastic force to the push plate.

[0010] Preferably, each of the two sets of protective chambers has a protective plate hinged to the side near the rubber airbag. A torsion spring assembly is provided between each set of protective plates and the protective chamber. The torsion spring assembly drives each set of protective plates to fit against the opening end face of the corresponding protective chamber, so as to prevent transformer oil from entering the interior of each set of protective chambers when not in operation.

[0011] Preferably, an oil recovery tank is installed on the outer side of one end of the oil conservator, and an input pipe is installed through the oil recovery tank. The end of the input pipe away from the oil recovery tank is connected to the bottom inner side of the folded flexible sheath. The oil recovery tank is installed below the folded flexible sheath and is used to collect the transformer oil remaining inside the folded flexible sheath through the input pipe.

[0012] Preferably, oil radiators are installed at both ends of the oil-immersed transformer, and an intelligent cooling fan is installed at the bottom of each oil radiator. When the control system determines that the rubber airbag is damaged, it controls the intelligent cooling fan to increase its power to full speed to enhance heat dissipation, slow down the rate of increase in transformer oil temperature, and buy time for the maintenance of the rubber airbag.

[0013] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses a liquid sensor and a humidity sensor in conjunction with a preset module of the control system to achieve real-time monitoring and differentiation of airbag rupture and respiratory system leakage. When the liquid sensor detects oil at the bottom of the airbag, it directly determines that the airbag is ruptured. When the humidity sensor detects abnormal humidity inside the airbag, it prioritizes switching to the backup breathing component. If the humidity does not improve after switching, it then determines that the airbag is ruptured. The above judgment method successfully solves the problem that the existing technology is difficult to distinguish the fault type, and is especially suitable for high-reliability equipment such as intelligent large DC converter transformers.

[0014] 2. This invention features an automatic switching breathing mechanism that automatically switches to the backup breathing component when the main breathing component leaks, ensuring the rubber airbag breathes normally. The switching effect is verified by changes in humidity sensor data, thus avoiding the problem of accelerated deterioration of transformer oil caused by breathing system failure.

[0015] 3. This invention features an emergency protection mechanism. When the airbag ruptures, a servo motor drives a folded flexible covering layer to wrap around the outer surface of the airbag. The leaking oil is guided to the oil recovery tank through a sealing guide groove at the contact end of the third limiting ring, achieving physical isolation and leak-free collection, thus providing a window of time for equipment maintenance.

[0016] 4. This invention links the intelligent cooling fan with the control system. When the airbag ruptures, the cooling fan is forced to run at full speed to enhance heat dissipation and delay the rise in oil temperature. It actively intervenes in the fault state, further ensuring the safe operation of key equipment such as large DC converter transformers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the overall structure of the oil reservoir; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The side sectional view of the oil conservator shown; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial structural diagram of the emergency protection mechanism is shown below. Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the overall structure of the second limiting ring. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A side sectional view of the elastic component structure shown; Figure 7 for Figure 3 The image shows a side sectional view of the rubber airbag. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of the control system of the present invention.

[0018] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Oil-immersed transformer; 2. Oil radiator; 3. Intelligent cooling fan; 4. Oil conservator; 401. Delivery pipe; 402. Rubber airbag; 5. Three-way switching valve; 6. Automatic switching breathing mechanism; 601. Main breathing assembly; 602. Backup breathing assembly; 7. Emergency protection mechanism; 701. Protective chamber; 702. Oil recovery tank; 703. Servo motor; 704. First limit ring; 705. Second limit ring; 706. Slide groove; 707. Lead screw; 708. Third limit ring; 709. Folded flexible covering layer; 710. Slider; 8. Elastic component; 801. Hollow plate; 802. Buffer groove; 803. Spring; 804. Push plate; 9. Humidity sensor; 10. Liquid sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The integrated oil storage tank and heat dissipation device for an oil-immersed transformer involved in the present invention are not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Reference Figures 1 to 7As shown, the present invention provides an integrated oil tank and heat dissipation device for an oil-immersed transformer, including an oil-immersed transformer 1, an oil conservator 4 is provided on the side of the oil-immersed transformer 1, a conveying pipe 401 is installed through the middle area of ​​the top of the oil conservator 4, and a rubber air bag 402 is installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe 401. An emergency protection mechanism 7 is installed inside the oil conservator 4, and a control system is installed inside the oil-immersed transformer 1. A liquid sensor 10 is installed on the inner side of the bottom of the rubber airbag 402 to collect the liquid level data inside the rubber airbag 402 and transmit it to the control system to determine whether the rubber airbag 402 is damaged. The emergency protection mechanism 7 includes two sets of protective chambers 701, which are respectively installed on the inner sides of both ends of the oil tank 4. Each set of protective chambers 701 has a slide groove 706 installed on its top. Three sets of sliders 710 are movably sleeved inside the slide groove 706. The slider 710 away from the corresponding protective chamber 701 is internally threaded with a lead screw 707. A servo motor 703 is installed at one end of the lead screw 707 near the protective chamber 701 to drive the lead screw 707 to rotate. The bottom of the three sets of sliders 710 is equipped with the same limiting component. The limiting component has a folded flexible covering layer 709 inside. When the control system determines that the rubber airbag 402 is damaged, it controls the two sets of servo motors 703 to start, driving the corresponding sliders 710 and limit components to move to the other position until the two sets of limit components come into contact with each other. At this time, the two sets of folded flexible covering layers 709 cover the outer surface of the rubber airbag 402, providing secondary protection for the damaged part of the rubber airbag 402.

[0021] In this embodiment, the other two sets of sliders 710 do not contact the corresponding lead screw 707 and do not affect the normal rotation of the lead screw 707.

[0022] The model of the liquid sensor 10 is MOLT-MDC04. The core principle of the liquid sensor 10 is as follows: through the dedicated capacitive sensing chip MDC04 and the metal concentric circle detection electrode structure, the liquid level change is measured by contact. When the transformer oil enters the rubber air bag 402 and accumulates at the sensor position, the capacitance value detected by the sensor changes. After temperature compensation and algorithm conversion by the embedded microprocessor, the liquid level signal is directly output to the control system through the UART interface.

[0023] The foldable flexible sheathing layer 709 is made of a double-sided coated fabric of thermoplastic polyurethane. This material has excellent oil resistance, abrasion resistance and tear resistance, and can maintain structural integrity in the environment of long-term contact with transformer oil. The thickness of the main body of the sheathing layer ranges from 0.8mm to 1.2mm. It is formed by high-frequency welding process and can be folded and stored inside the limiting component under normal conditions. It has a small folded volume and is easy to store. The foldable flexible covering layer 709 has good flexibility and wrapping properties when unfolded, and can closely fit the outer surface of the rubber airbag. The material surface is treated with anti-ultraviolet light, which can adapt to long-term outdoor use conditions. The working temperature range is -30℃ to +110℃, which meets the operating environment requirements of transformer oil conservator.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 2 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated oil storage tank and heat dissipation device for an oil-immersed transformer. A three-way switching valve 5 is installed on the top of the delivery pipe 401, and a main / backup automatic switching breathing mechanism 6 is provided on the outside of the three-way switching valve 5. The automatic switching breathing mechanism 6 includes a main breathing component 601 and a backup breathing component 602. The three-way switching valve 5 is provided with two sets of input terminals at the end away from the delivery pipe 401, with the main breathing component 601 and the backup breathing component 602 respectively installed on the two sets of input terminals. A humidity sensor 9 is installed on the inner side of the top of the rubber airbag 402 to collect humidity data inside the rubber airbag 402. The control system receives the humidity data and uses it to analyze whether the main and backup automatic switching breathing mechanism 6 or the rubber airbag 402 has been damaged.

[0025] In this embodiment of the application, the main breathing assembly 601 and the backup breathing assembly 602 have the same internal structure, both including a breathing tube and a dryer; One end of the breathing tube is connected to the input end of the three-way switching valve 5, and the other end is connected to the outside atmosphere; the dryer is connected in series with the breathing tube; The control system is configured as follows: When the liquid level data indicates that liquid has appeared inside the rubber airbag 402, it determines that the rubber airbag 402 has ruptured and controls the emergency protection mechanism 7 to be activated. When the humidity data indicates that the internal humidity of the rubber airbag 402 is abnormal, but the liquid level data indicates that there is no liquid inside, the main and backup automatic switching breathing mechanism 6 is controlled first to switch the breathing components. If the humidity is normal after the switch, it is determined that the breathing mechanism 6 has leaked. If the abnormal humidity continues after the switch, it is determined that the rubber airbag 402 is damaged and the emergency protection mechanism 7 is activated. The emergency protection mechanism 7 is used to cover the outer surface of the rubber airbag 402 when activated, so as to provide secondary protection for the damaged area.

[0026] If the abnormal humidity persists after the emergency protection mechanism 7 is activated, the control system will send an abnormal signal to the staff through the internal communication module. If the breathing mechanism 6 leaks, the control system will send an abnormal signal to the staff through the communication module.

[0027] The control system is equipped with a preset module, which allows manual setting of the threshold range of liquid level data generated by liquid sensor 10 and the threshold range of humidity data generated by humidity sensor 9 when the rubber airbag 402 is in normal operation. When the real-time liquid level data collected by the liquid sensor 10 is greater than the liquid level data threshold range, the control system determines that the rubber airbag 402 is damaged and controls the emergency protection mechanism 7 to be activated, so that the foldable flexible covering layer 709 wraps around the outer surface of the rubber airbag 402. The control system sends a damage signal to the staff through the internal communication module. When the real-time humidity data collected by the humidity sensor 9 is greater than the humidity data threshold range, the control system first determines that there is a leak in the main breathing component 601 or the backup breathing component 602, and automatically performs the switch. If the humidity data slowly and continuously rises without improvement after the switch, it is determined that the rubber airbag 402 is in a damaged state, and the control system controls the emergency protection mechanism 7 to start. If the humidity data rises slowly after switching but does not trigger a damage assessment, the control system sends an abnormal signal to the staff through the internal communication module, reminding them to come to the site for inspection. If the humidity data remains unchanged or decreases slowly after switching, the control system sends a damage signal to the staff through the internal communication module, reminding them to come to the site for inspection.

[0028] The humidity sensor 9 is model MHT04H. Its core principle is as follows: it adopts a platinum stacked humidity probe combined with a high-precision capacitor conditioning chip MDC04 architecture. It senses the relative humidity of the air by measuring the change in the capacitance value of the humidity-sensitive capacitor. When the humidity of the air inside the rubber airbag 402 changes, the dielectric constant of the humidity probe changes accordingly, causing a change in the capacitance value. After temperature compensation and algorithm conversion by the embedded microprocessor, the humidity data is output to the control system through the digital single bus interface.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated oil-immersed transformer capsule oil tank and heat dissipation device. The limiting component includes a first limiting ring 704, a second limiting ring 705, and a third limiting ring 708. The first limiting ring 704, the second limiting ring 705, and the third limiting ring 708 are sequentially installed on the bottom of three adjacent sets of sliders 710, and the installation order of the three is arranged in the direction away from the corresponding protective chamber 701. The first limiting ring 704 is closest to the protective chamber 701, and the third limiting ring 708 is furthest from the protective chamber 701.

[0030] Multiple sets of elastic components 8 are installed at equal intervals on the inner surfaces of the first limiting ring 704, the second limiting ring 705 and the third limiting ring 708. The elastic components 8 include a hollow plate 801, a push plate 804 and a spring 803. Hollow plate 801 is installed on the inner side of the corresponding first limiting ring 704, second limiting ring 705 and third limiting ring 708. One end of push plate 804 is slidably fitted in the buffer groove 802 opened inside hollow plate 801, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer side of folded flexible covering layer 709. Spring 803 is disposed between hollow plate 801 and push plate 804 to apply elastic force to push plate 804.

[0031] Both sets of protective chambers 701 are hinged with protective plates on the side near the rubber airbag 402. Each set of protective plates is provided with a torsion spring assembly between it and the protective chamber 701. The torsion spring assembly drives each set of protective plates to fit against the opening end face of the corresponding protective chamber 701, which is used to prevent transformer oil from entering the interior of each set of protective chambers 701 when not in operation.

[0032] An oil recovery tank 702 is installed on the outer side of one end of the oil conservator 4. An input pipe is installed through the oil recovery tank 702. The end of the input pipe away from the oil recovery tank 702 is connected to the bottom inner side of the folded flexible sheath 709. The oil recovery tank 702 is installed below the folded flexible sheath 709 and is used to collect the transformer oil remaining inside the folded flexible sheath 709 through the input pipe.

[0033] In this embodiment, the contact end faces of the two sets of third limiting rings 708 are provided with matching annular sealing guide grooves. When the two sets of third limiting rings 708 approach and contact each other under the drive of the servo motor 703, the two sets of sealing guide grooves interlock to form a flow channel. This flow channel can prevent transformer oil from overflowing during the wrapping process, and can guide the oil seeping from the damaged rubber airbag 402 into the folded flexible covering layer 709, ensuring that the leaked oil can flow smoothly into the oil recovery tank 702, while preventing the transformer oil inside the oil conservator 4 from contacting the air inside the damaged rubber airbag 402 again. Oil-immersed transformer 1 is equipped with oil radiators 2 at both ends. Each set of oil radiators 2 is equipped with an intelligent cooling fan 3 at the bottom. When the control system determines that the rubber airbag 402 is damaged, it controls the intelligent cooling fan 3 to increase its power to full speed to enhance heat dissipation, slow down the rise of transformer oil temperature, and buy time for the maintenance of the rubber airbag 402.

[0034] The specific workflow of this invention is as follows: Monitoring process: When the oil-immersed transformer 1 is running, the liquid sensor 10 collects the liquid level data at the bottom of the rubber airbag 402 in real time, and the humidity sensor 9 collects the humidity data inside the rubber airbag 402 in real time. The two data are transmitted to the control system. The control system stores the liquid level data threshold range and humidity data threshold range when the rubber airbag 402 is working normally through a preset module. This data is used to compare and judge with the real-time data, thereby realizing continuous monitoring of the status of the rubber airbag 402 and the respiratory system. Damage monitoring: When the real-time liquid level data collected by the liquid sensor 10 is greater than the liquid level data threshold range, the control system determines that the rubber airbag 402 is damaged and immediately issues a command to activate the emergency protection mechanism 7. At the same time, it controls the intelligent cooling fan 3 to increase its power to full speed to enhance heat dissipation and slow down the rate of increase of transformer oil temperature, thus buying time for the maintenance of the rubber airbag 402. At the same time, the control system sends a damage signal to the staff through the internal communication module, reminding them to arrive at the scene for handling.

[0035] Leakage detection and protection: When the real-time humidity data collected by the humidity sensor 9 is greater than the humidity data threshold range, the control system first determines that there is a leak in the main breathing component 601 or the backup breathing component 602, and automatically performs a switch to switch the currently working breathing component to another group to ensure that the rubber airbag 402 can breathe normally. After the switch is completed, the control system continuously monitors the change of humidity data: if the humidity data rises slowly and continuously after the switch without improvement, it is determined that the rubber airbag 402 is in a damaged state, and the control system issues a command to activate the emergency protection mechanism 7. If the humidity data rises slowly after switching but does not trigger a damage assessment, the control system sends an abnormal signal to the staff through the internal communication module, reminding them to come to the site for inspection. If the humidity data remains unchanged or decreases slowly after switching, the control system sends a damage signal to the staff through the internal communication module, reminding them to come to the site for inspection.

[0036] Emergency protection: When the control system issues a command to activate the emergency protection mechanism 7, two sets of servo motors 703 start, driving the lead screw 707 to rotate. The active slider, which is threadedly connected to the lead screw 707, moves along the slide groove 706 to the opposite position. The other two sets of sliders move synchronously through the limiting components. The three sets of sliders 710 drive the first limiting ring 704, the second limiting ring 705 and the third limiting ring 708 to unfold in sequence. The folded flexible covering layer 709 unfolds with the limiting components. The two sets of folded flexible covering layers 709 wrap the outer surface of the rubber airbag 402 from both sides to the middle. When the two sets of third limiting rings 708 come into contact with each other, the annular sealing guide grooves on their contact end faces interlock to form a flow channel. The transformer oil seeping from the damaged part of the rubber airbag 402 is guided through the flow channel to the inside of the folded flexible covering layer 709, and then flows into the oil recovery tank 702 through the input pipe, realizing the collection of leaked oil without leakage. At the same time, the two sets of folded flexible covering layers wrap around the outside of the rubber airbag 402 to prevent the air inside the rubber airbag 402 from entering the transformer oil inside the oil conservator 4.

[0037] Intelligent heat dissipation: When the control system determines that the rubber airbag 402 is damaged, in addition to issuing a command to activate the emergency protection mechanism 7, it also controls the intelligent cooling fan 3 installed at the bottom of the oil radiator 2 at both ends of the oil-immersed transformer 1 to increase its power to full speed. By strengthening heat dissipation, the rate of increase of transformer oil temperature is slowed down, the process of oil deterioration is slowed down, and sufficient time window is gained for the maintenance of the rubber airbag 402.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A capsule oil conservator and heat dissipation integrated device of an oil-immersed transformer, comprising an oil-immersed transformer (1), the side of the oil-immersed transformer (1) is provided with an oil pillow (4), the middle area of the top of the oil pillow (4) is penetrated and installed with a conveying pipe (401), wherein the bottom of the conveying pipe (401) is installed with a rubber air bag (402), characterized in that, An emergency protection mechanism (7) is installed inside the oil conservator (4), a control system is installed inside the oil-immersed transformer (1), a liquid sensor (10) is installed on the inner side of the bottom of the rubber airbag (402) to collect the liquid level data inside the rubber airbag (402) and transmit it to the control system, and a humidity sensor (9) is installed on the inner side of the top of the rubber airbag (402) to collect the humidity data inside the rubber airbag (402). The control system receives the humidity data. A three-way switching valve (5) is installed at the top of the delivery pipe (401), and a main / backup automatic switching breathing mechanism (6) is provided on the outside of the three-way switching valve (5). The control system is configured as follows: When the liquid level data indicates that liquid has appeared inside the rubber airbag (402), it determines that the rubber airbag (402) is damaged and controls the emergency protection mechanism (7) to be activated; When the humidity data indicates that the humidity inside the rubber airbag (402) is abnormal and the liquid level data indicates that there is no liquid inside, the main backup automatic switching breathing mechanism (6) is controlled first to perform the breathing component switching. If the humidity is normal after switching, it is determined that the breathing mechanism (6) has leaked. If the abnormal humidity continues after switching, it is determined that the rubber airbag (402) is damaged and the emergency protection mechanism (7) is activated. The emergency protection mechanism (7) is used to cover the outer surface of the rubber airbag (402) when it is activated, so as to provide secondary protection for the damaged area; The emergency protection mechanism (7) includes two sets of protective chambers (701). The two sets of protective chambers (701) are respectively installed on the inner sides of both ends of the oil pillow (4). Each set of protective chambers (701) has a slide groove (706) installed on its top. The slide groove (706) is movably sleeved with three sets of sliders (710). The slider (710) away from the corresponding protective chamber (701) is threaded with a lead screw (707). The lead screw (707) is equipped with a servo motor (703) at one end near the protective chamber (701) for driving the lead screw (707) to rotate. The bottom of the three sets of sliders (710) is equipped with the same limiting component. The limiting component is provided with a folded flexible covering layer (709).

2. The capsule oil tank and heat sink integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main and backup automatic switching breathing mechanism (6) includes a main breathing component (601) and a backup breathing component (602). The three-way switching valve (5) is provided with two sets of input terminals at one end away from the delivery pipe (401), wherein the main breathing component (601) and the backup breathing component (602) are respectively installed on the two sets of input terminals. When the control system determines that the rubber airbag (402) is damaged, it controls two sets of servo motors (703) to start, driving the corresponding slider (710) and limit components to move to the other position until the two sets of limit components come into contact with each other. At this time, two sets of foldable flexible covering layers (709) cover the outer surface of the rubber airbag (402) to provide secondary protection for the damaged part of the rubber airbag (402). The limiting component includes a first limiting ring (704), a second limiting ring (705), and a third limiting ring (708).

3. The capsule oil tank and heat sink integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first limiting ring (704), the second limiting ring (705) and the third limiting ring (708) are installed sequentially on the bottom of three adjacent sets of sliders (710), and the installation order of the three is arranged in the direction away from the corresponding protective chamber (701), wherein the first limiting ring (704) is closest to the protective chamber (701) and the third limiting ring (708) is furthest from the protective chamber (701).

4. The capsule oil tank and heat sink integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner surfaces of the first limiting ring (704), the second limiting ring (705) and the third limiting ring (708) are each equidistantly equipped with multiple sets of elastic components (8), the elastic components (8) including a hollow plate (801), a push plate (804) and a spring (803).

5. The capsule oil storage tank and integrated heat dissipation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hollow plate (801) is installed on the inner side of the corresponding first limiting ring (704), second limiting ring (705) and third limiting ring (708). One end of the push plate (804) is slidably fitted in the buffer groove (802) opened inside the hollow plate (801), and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer side of the folded flexible covering layer (709). The spring (803) is disposed between the hollow plate (801) and the push plate (804) and is used to apply elastic force to the push plate (804).

6. The capsule oil storage tank and integrated heat dissipation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sets of protective chambers (701) are hinged with protective plates on the side near the rubber airbag (402). Each set of protective plates is provided with a torsion spring assembly between it and the protective chamber (701). The torsion spring assembly drives each set of protective plates to fit against the opening end face of the corresponding protective chamber (701) to prevent transformer oil from entering the interior of each set of protective chambers (701) when not in operation.

7. The capsule oil storage tank and integrated heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil recovery tank (702) is installed on the outer side of one end of the oil conservator (4). An input pipe is installed through the oil recovery tank (702). The end of the input pipe away from the oil recovery tank (702) is connected to the bottom inner side of the folded flexible covering layer (709). The installation position of the oil recovery tank (702) is lower than that of the folded flexible covering layer (709), and it is used to collect the transformer oil remaining inside the folded flexible covering layer (709) through the input pipe.

8. The capsule oil storage tank and integrated heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Oil radiators (2) are installed at both ends of the oil-immersed transformer (1). Each oil radiator (2) is equipped with an intelligent cooling fan (3) at the bottom. When the control system determines that the rubber airbag (402) is damaged, it controls the intelligent cooling fan (3) to increase its power to full speed to enhance heat dissipation, slow down the rise of transformer oil temperature, and buy time for the maintenance of the rubber airbag (402).

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