Containerized energy storage system

Abstract

The application relates to the energy storage field and discloses an energy storage explosion relief device and a container type energy storage system. The energy storage explosion relief device comprises a box body, a plurality of matching parts and a plurality of explosion relief structures. The box body is provided with a containing cavity and a plurality of mounting holes in communication with the containing cavity. The plurality of matching parts are arranged in the containing cavity. The matching part comprises a first matching part and a second matching part connected with each other, the first matching part is matched with the inner wall surface of the box body to form a first channel, the first matching part is provided with a plurality of through holes, one end of the through hole is in communication with the first channel. The second matching part is matched with the inner wall surface of the box body to form a second channel, and the second channel is in communication with the first channel. The plurality of explosion relief structures are connected with the box body, and the explosion relief structure is arranged towards the second channel via the mounting hole. The energy storage explosion relief device and the container type energy storage system provided by the application can be beneficial to timely releasing the internal pressure of the energy storage device, so as to improve the safety in the use process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage explosion relief device and a containerized energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy technologies, the ability of various power generation devices to convert electrical energy is constantly improving, and the application of energy storage devices is becoming increasingly widespread. The abundant electrical energy converted by various power generation devices can be stored through energy storage devices for later release. As the capacity of energy storage devices continues to increase, the safety of these devices during operation becomes increasingly important.

[0003] Energy storage devices contain a large number of battery cells, which are prone to serious accidents such as explosions and deflagrations when thermal runaway occurs. Therefore, how to ensure the timely release of internal pressure in energy storage devices to improve safety during use is an important issue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an energy storage explosion relief device and a containerized energy storage system, which can help the energy storage device to release internal pressure in a timely manner, thereby improving safety during use.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an energy storage explosion relief device. The energy storage explosion relief device includes a housing, multiple mating parts, and multiple explosion relief structures. The housing has a receiving cavity and multiple mounting holes communicating with the receiving cavity. Multiple mating parts are disposed within the receiving cavity. Each mating part includes a connected first mating portion and a second mating portion. The first mating portion mates with the inner wall surface of the housing to form a first channel. The first mating portion has multiple through holes, one end of which communicates with the first channel. The second mating portion mates with the inner wall surface of the housing to form a second channel, which communicates with the first channel. Multiple explosion relief structures are connected to the housing and are positioned towards the second channel via the mounting holes. The explosion relief structures can switch between a first state and a second state. When the explosion relief structure is in the first state, the pressure in the second channel does not exceed a preset value, and the explosion relief structure is sealed at the mounting holes. When the explosion relief structure is in the second state, the explosion relief structure opens at least part of the mounting holes to release pressure to the outside.

[0006] This application also provides a containerized energy storage system. The containerized energy storage system includes the aforementioned energy storage explosion relief device and multiple battery clusters. The multiple battery clusters are disposed within the housing of the energy storage explosion relief device and are corresponding to multiple first mating portions of the energy storage explosion relief device. Each battery cluster includes multiple battery packs, and each battery pack is provided with a first pressure relief structure, the first pressure relief structure being disposed with through holes facing the first mating portions.

[0007] The energy storage explosion relief device and containerized energy storage system provided in this application have independent mating components installed inside the container. The first and second channels formed at these mating components can cooperate with the explosion relief structure on the container to provide protection. The through-hole at the first channel can release the high-pressure fluid generated by thermal runaway into the first channel when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells within the battery pack. Furthermore, the first and second channels can be configured for different battery clusters, enabling timely release of internal pressure and effectively providing protection to improve safety during use.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first mating portion of the plurality of mating parts abuts against the same inner wall surface of the housing, the second mating portion of the plurality of mating parts abuts against the same inner wall surface of the housing, and the first mating portion and the second mating portion abut against different inner wall surfaces of the housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the housing includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall disposed opposite to each other, and a first mating part abuts against the second sidewall.

[0010] In some embodiments, the edge of the second mating portion away from the first mating portion is spaced from the first sidewall.

[0011] In some embodiments, a pressure relief pipe is provided inside the housing, which is connected to multiple second channels and is located on the side of the second mating part away from the first mating part.

[0012] In some implementations, a control valve is provided on the connection path between the pressure relief pipe and the second channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first mating portion includes a first partition and a first extension protruding from one side of the first partition, a portion of the edge of the first partition being connected to the second mating portion, and the first extension being disposed along another portion of the edge of the first partition.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second mating portion includes a second partition portion and a second extension portion protruding from one side of the second partition portion, wherein the second partition portion is mated with the first partition portion and the second extension portion is mated with the first extension portion.

[0015] In some implementations, there is a gap between two adjacent mating parts.

[0016] In some embodiments, a plurality of mounting structures are provided within the receiving cavity, with the mounting structures located between two adjacent mating parts.

[0017] In some embodiments, the end of the mounting structure near the mounting hole is flush with the edge of the second mating part near the mounting hole.

[0018] In some implementations, a check valve is provided between two adjacent second channels, which controls the flow of fluid from one of the two adjacent second channels to the other. Attached Figure Description

[0019] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the energy storage and explosion relief device provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the energy storage and explosion relief device provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 It is along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an energy storage and explosion relief device provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of mating components in an energy storage and explosion relief device provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure between the mating components and the battery cluster in some embodiments of the containerized energy storage system provided in this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cluster in a containerized energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a side view of a battery pack in a containerized energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the various embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of this application to enable readers to better understand this application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented. The division of the various embodiments below is for the convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this application. The various embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects before and after it have an "or" relationship.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Energy storage devices house a large number of battery packs within a casing. Each battery pack contains a significant number of battery cells, and the casing provides ample space for these packs, allowing for the storage of more energy. During operation, the battery cells within the packs generate heat. Excessive heat accumulation can lead to thermal runaway. Once thermal runaway occurs, the cells eject high-temperature fluids, typically containing flammable gases and / or chemical solutions. Furthermore, thermal runaway in a single battery pack can spread rapidly, adversely affecting adjacent packs and potentially resulting in catastrophic fires or explosions.

[0028] Currently, energy storage devices use pressure relief panels on containers to ensure that in the event of thermal runaway of battery cells, the high-pressure gas inside the container can break through the panels and release the gas to the outside. However, as the capacity of energy storage devices continues to increase, the internal space of the container is also becoming larger. When the internal space is large, the entire space is filled with pressurized gas, and the pressure relief device only activates when the pressure reaches the required level. The pressure relief panels have a slow response time and cannot release pressure in a timely manner, posing a risk of serious explosions and other dangerous accidents.

[0029] To enable energy storage devices to release internal pressure promptly and improve safety during use, some embodiments of this application provide an energy storage explosion relief device. The device includes multiple mating components inside the enclosure, which engage with the inner wall of the enclosure to form explosion relief channels. Each component corresponds to a battery cluster arrangement. These channels provide a transfer path for the high-temperature fluid released from the battery pack in the event of cell thermal runaway, and when the pressure reaches a certain value, they breach the explosion relief plate on the container, thereby promptly releasing internal pressure and improving the safety of the energy storage device during use.

[0030] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 5 This application describes the structure of an energy storage and explosion relief device provided in some embodiments. Additionally, Figure 6 The diagram illustrates the mating structure between the components and the battery clusters in a containerized energy storage system. Figure 7 The structure of the battery cluster in a containerized energy storage system is illustrated. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a battery pack in a containerized energy storage system is provided.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, some embodiments of this application provide an energy storage explosion relief device including a housing 11, multiple mating parts 12, and multiple explosion relief structures 13. The housing 11 has a receiving cavity 111 and multiple mounting holes 112 communicating with the receiving cavity 111. Multiple mating parts 12 are disposed within the receiving cavity 111, each mating part 12 including a connected first mating portion 121 and a second mating portion 122. The first mating portion 121 mates with the inner wall surface of the housing 11 to form a first channel 1101, and the first mating portion 121 has multiple through holes 1201, one end of which communicates with the first channel 1101. The second mating portion 122 mates with the inner wall surface of the housing 11 to form a second channel 1102, which communicates with the first channel 1101. Multiple explosion relief structures 13 are connected to the housing 11, and the explosion relief structures 13 are disposed towards the second channel 1102 via the mounting holes 112. The explosion venting structure 13 can switch between a first state and a second state. When the explosion venting structure 13 is in the first state, the pressure in the second channel 1102 does not exceed a preset value, and the explosion venting structure 13 is sealed at the mounting hole 112. When the explosion venting structure 13 is in the second state, the explosion venting structure 13 opens at least part of the mounting hole 112 to release pressure to the outside.

[0032] The enclosure 11 has an internal receiving cavity 111. The enclosure 11 provides space for forming an explosion venting path and protects other components. The enclosure 11 can also directly serve as a structure for housing the battery pack 21 and other electrical components. To facilitate the installation of the battery pack 211, a battery rack can be installed inside the enclosure 11. The battery rack uses columns as the supporting foundation for different battery packs 211. Guide rails can be installed at different positions on the columns to facilitate the installation and removal of the battery packs 211 and to limit the movement of the battery packs 211.

[0033] The receiving cavity 111 is a space within the housing 11 used to accommodate the mating component 12 and the battery pack 211, which can be placed within the receiving cavity 111. The receiving cavity 111 occupies a large area of ​​space inside the housing 11. The first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 are independent channels formed within the housing 11, forming a space of a certain size isolated from the internal space of the housing 11. The first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 are separated from the arrangement space of the battery pack 211, providing a transfer channel for high-temperature fluid in the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack 211. As an example, the first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 can be formed by using a cylindrical component, with the internal space of the cylindrical component forming a channel. Alternatively, the first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 can be formed by using a plate-like component with folded edges that mates with the inner wall of the housing 11, with the space enclosed by the plate-like component and the inner wall of the housing 11 forming a venting channel.

[0034] Multiple mounting holes 112 are distributed at multiple locations on the housing 11. Each mounting hole 112 communicates with the internal cavity 111 of the housing 11, serving as a channel for releasing high-pressure fluid from inside the housing 11 to the outside. Components such as pressure relief plates can be installed at the mounting holes 112 as pressure relief control components. The shape and size of the mounting holes 112 can be set according to actual needs. The multiple mounting holes 112 can be arranged in a regular pattern or irregularly according to the actual needs of the pressure relief location. The mounting holes 112 can be positioned at the top of the housing 11 so that the high pressure inside the housing 11 can be released to the top, avoiding adverse effects on other nearby energy storage devices.

[0035] The mating part 12 is used to form a pressure relief path. The mating part 12 can mate with the inner wall surface of the housing 11 to enclose and form a pressure relief channel. The first mating part 121 is the portion where the mating part 12 mates with the inner wall surface of the housing 11 to form a first channel 1101, which can be used as a transfer channel for high-temperature fluids. The first mating part 121 is provided with a through hole 1201, one end of which communicates with the first channel 1101. This allows a pressure relief path to be formed when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 211, enabling the thermal runaway products of the battery cells inside the battery pack 211 to enter the first channel 1101 through the through hole 1201 to complete the subsequent pressure relief process. The second mating part 122 is the portion where the mating part 12 mates with the inner wall surface of the housing 11 to form a second channel 1102, which can be used as a discharge channel for high-temperature fluids. The second mating part 122 corresponds to the portion of the housing 11 where a mounting hole 112 is provided. The first mating part 121 and the second mating part 122 can be connected by a split structure or by an integral molding structure.

[0036] The second channel 1102 and the first channel 1101 are connected to form a venting channel. The first channel 1101 can serve as a channel to directly receive the high-temperature fluid generated during thermal runaway of the battery cell, and the second channel 1102 can serve as a channel that cooperates with the venting structure 13 installed on the housing 11. The first channel 1101 is positioned corresponding to the location of the battery cluster 21, and the second channel 1102 is positioned corresponding to the location of the venting structure 13. The extension directions of the first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 can be the same or different. By using multiple channels with different extension directions, it is beneficial to cooperate at multiple locations within the housing 11 to form a complete venting channel, and it is also beneficial to reduce the impact force of the high-temperature fluid, allowing the high-temperature fluid to reach the location of the venting structure 13 after being redirected. As an example, the venting structure 13 is located at the top of the housing 11 so that the released high-temperature fluid avoids other energy storage devices located nearby.

[0037] The explosion venting structure 13 is a component of the housing 11 designed to release the thermal runaway products of the battery cells to the outside. The explosion venting structure 13 typically uses an explosion venting plate. When the pressure on the explosion venting plate reaches a set value, the plate automatically opens or ruptures to release pressure, preventing the battery cells in the battery pack 211 inside the housing 11 from exploding, and also preventing the housing 11 from exploding due to the fragility of some structural components. The explosion venting structure 13 can also be a pressure relief valve or a one-way valve. The first state corresponds to the state when the explosion venting structure 13 is not open or ruptured, and the second state corresponds to the state after the explosion venting structure 13 has opened or ruptured. The change from the first state to the second state of the explosion venting structure 13 can be passive, meaning it opens or ruptures under the influence of high pressure in the second channel 1102, or it can be active, meaning the explosion venting structure 13 is opened or ruptured by a signal sent by the control system.

[0038] The energy storage explosion relief device provided in some embodiments of this application has an independent mating component 12 installed inside the housing 11. The mating component 12 forms a first channel 1101 and a second channel 1102, which can cooperate with the explosion relief structure 13 on the housing 11 to provide protection. The through hole 1201 at the first channel 1101 can release the high-pressure fluid generated by thermal runaway into the first channel 1101 when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells of the battery pack 211. Furthermore, the first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 can be configured for different battery clusters 21, enabling timely release of internal pressure and effectively providing protection to improve safety during use.

[0039] In practice, the mating component 12, by enclosing the inner wall of the housing 11, reduces its space occupation and avoids affecting the placement of the battery pack 211 due to the formation of an independent internal space. Multiple mating components 12 are arranged sequentially within the housing 11, forming multiple first channels 1101 and multiple second channels 1102, providing protection for the battery clusters 21. The number of mating components 12 corresponds to the number of battery clusters 21. As an example, the number of mating components 12 is the same as the number of battery clusters 21, with each battery cluster 21 having a corresponding mating component 12 forming a first channel 1101 and a second channel 1102 for pressure release. In the event of thermal runaway in the battery cell, the resulting high voltage can be released through the independent first channel 1101 and second channel 1102. In practice, each battery cluster 21 may also have multiple corresponding mating components 12 forming a first channel 1101 and a second channel 1102 for pressure release.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first mating portions 121 of the plurality of mating members 12 may abut against the same inner wall surface of the housing 11, and the second mating portions 122 of the plurality of mating members 12 may abut against the same inner wall surface of the housing 11. The first mating portions 121 and the second mating portions 122 abut against different inner wall surfaces of the housing 11.

[0041] The first mating portions 121 of multiple mating parts 12 simultaneously mate with the same inner wall surface of the housing 11, forming multiple first channels 1101 on the same side inner wall surface of the housing 11. The second mating portions 122 of multiple mating parts 12 simultaneously mate with the same inner wall surface of the housing 11, forming multiple second channels 1102 on the same side inner wall surface of the housing 11.

[0042] Furthermore, the first mating part 121 and the second mating part 122 of the mating component 12 mate with different inner wall surfaces of the housing 11, which can utilize the space inside the housing 11 to form the first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 in different areas, which is beneficial for dispersing the pressure on the housing 11. The first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 located in different areas can cooperate with each other to carry out the explosion relief process in the space around the corresponding battery pack 211, which can reduce the impact on the battery pack 211 in other areas. At the same time, it can also improve the pressure relief efficiency, and when the battery pack 211 in a certain area experiences cell thermal runaway, it can complete the explosion relief process in time, reducing the risk of explosion and deflagration caused by high pressure.

[0043] In practice, the first mating part 121 and the second mating part 122 of the mating part 12 can also mate with the same inner wall surface of the housing 11, forming a first channel 1101 and a second channel 1102 on one side of the same inner wall surface. For example, the first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 can be formed simultaneously on one side of the rear side wall of the housing 11. The first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 can be arranged side by side, and the first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 are connected by a channel. The thermal runaway products of the battery cell can flow laterally into the second channel 1102 after passing through the first channel 1101, and then flow out to the outside from the explosion relief structure 13 after passing through the second channel 1102.

[0044] Furthermore, the first mating portion 121 or the second mating portion 122 of different mating parts 12 can also be provided corresponding to different inner wall surfaces of the housing 11. That is, part of the first channel 1101 or the second channel 1102 is formed on one side of the inner wall surface of the housing 11, and another part of the first channel 1101 or the second channel 1102 is formed on the other side of the inner wall surface of the housing 11. For example, the first channel 1101 can be formed on the left side wall, the rear side wall, and the right side wall of the housing 11. In the left-right direction of the housing 11, the outermost battery cluster 21 can be depressurized through the first channel 1101 on the left or right side wall, and the middle battery cluster 21 can be depressurized through the first channel 1101 on the rear side wall. Distributing multiple mating parts 12 can avoid mutual interference of the explosion relief paths formed at multiple mating parts 12, and also avoid adjacent mating parts 12 being affected by high temperature and high pressure.

[0045] Additionally, the housing 11 may include a first sidewall 113 and a second sidewall 114 disposed opposite to each other. The first mating part 121 abuts against the second sidewall 114.

[0046] The first side wall 113 and the second side wall 114 are the side walls of the housing 11 located in the front-rear direction. The first side wall 113 is the front side wall of the housing 11, and is the side wall where the housing 11 is equipped with components such as a door, allowing operators to access it. The second side wall 114 is the rear side wall of the housing 11, and is arranged opposite to the front side wall.

[0047] By having the first mating part 121 abut against the second side wall 114 of the enclosure 11, a first channel 1101 can be formed on the rear side wall near the rear of the enclosure 11. This keeps the first channel 1101 away from the front side wall of the enclosure 11, thus preventing the high-pressure environment from affecting the front side wall. Furthermore, the rear side wall has a relatively flat structure and is free from interference from other structures, making it easy for the first mating part 121 to abut against the second side wall 114, forming a first channel 1101 with good sealing performance.

[0048] In practice, multiple mating parts 12 can simultaneously mate with the rear sidewall of the housing 11 to form a first channel 1101. Each mating part 12 corresponds to a different battery cluster 21, or a battery cluster 21 may have multiple mating parts 12. The first channel 1101 formed by the mating parts 12 and the inner wall surface of the housing 11 is located on one side of the rear sidewall. When the battery pack 211 is inserted from the depth direction of the housing 11, it can mate with the through hole 1201 of the first mating part 121, which can improve the ease of installation.

[0049] In some embodiments, the edge of the second mating portion 122 away from the first mating portion 121 may have a gap with the first sidewall 113.

[0050] The edge of the second mating part 122 away from the first mating part 121 corresponds to the portion of the second mating part 122 located at the end of the second channel 1102, that is, the edge of the second mating part 122 away from the first mating part 121 corresponds to the rear portion of the second mating part 122. In the extending direction of the second channel 1102, a certain distance is formed between the edge of the second mating part 122 away from the first mating part 121 and the first side wall 113 of the housing 11. That is, the edge of the second mating part 122 away from the first mating part 121 does not reach the inner wall surface of the first side wall 113 of the housing 11, but is located at a certain distance from the inner wall surface of the first side wall 113 of the housing 11. By controlling the edge position of the second mating part 122, a reserved gap can be formed between the end position of the second channel 1102 and the first side wall 113 of the housing 11. This avoids the first side wall 113 of the housing 11 being affected by high pressure and also creates a reserved space on the rear side of the second mating part 122 for the arrangement of other components.

[0051] In practice, the second mating part 122 is positioned to cover the explosion venting structure 13 on top of the housing 11, and to form a certain distance from the edge of the explosion venting structure 13, as well as a certain distance from the front side wall of the housing 11. The reserved gap can also control the size of the second channel 1102 formed at the second mating part 122, ensuring that the second channel 1102 can complete the pressure relief in a timely manner.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, a pressure relief pipe 14 may be installed inside the housing 11. The pressure relief pipe 14 is connected to multiple second channels 1102, and the pressure relief pipe 14 is located on the side of the second mating part 122 away from the first mating part 121.

[0053] The pressure relief pipe 14 is located on the side of the second mating part 122 inside the housing 11 away from the first mating part 121. The pressure relief pipe 14 can communicate with multiple second channels 1102 so that when the pressure in the second channel 1102 reaches a certain value, the pressure is released outward through the pressure relief pipe 14. The pressure relief pipe 14 can form an additional discharge channel. When thermal runaway occurs in the cells inside the battery pack 211, the thermal runaway products will enter between the mating part 12 and the inner wall of the housing 11, and reach the pressure relief pipe 14 for discharge through the communication between the pressure relief pipe 14 and the multiple second channels 1102.

[0054] The pressure relief pipe 14 can be connected to multiple second channels 1102. When multiple battery clusters 21 experience cell thermal runaway in their battery packs 211, the fluid in each of the multiple independent second channels 1102 can enter the pressure relief pipe 14 for release. The pressure relief pipe 14 is set in the area of ​​the second mating part 122 away from the first mating part 121, so as to be close to the end of the multiple second channels 1102, and is arranged in the space of the second mating part 122 away from the first mating part 121.

[0055] In practice, one end of the pressure relief pipe 14 can be closed, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe 14 can release pressure to the outside. The pressure relief pipe 14 can be straight and arranged along one side wall of the housing 11 towards the other side wall. Branch pipes can be provided between the pressure relief pipe 14 and multiple mating parts 12 for connection.

[0056] In some embodiments, a control valve 142 may be provided on the communication path 141 between the pressure relief pipe 14 and the second channel 1102.

[0057] Control valve 142 can control the opening and closing of the connection path 141 between pressure relief pipe 14 and second channel 1102. Control valve 142 can be a solenoid valve or a mechanical valve. Control valve 142 can release the pressure in second channel 1102 to the outside in the early stage of cell thermal runaway, that is, perform primary release of pressurized gas in first channel 1101 and second channel 1102, thereby releasing pressure in the early stage of cell thermal runaway in battery pack 211.

[0058] In practice, the control valve 142 can be positioned at one end of the connection path 141 near the second channel 1102, allowing the pressurized gas in the second channel 1102 to directly act on the control valve 142. This ensures the sensitivity of the control over the opening and closing of the connection path 141 between the pressure relief pipe 14 and the second channel 1102, ensuring timely pressure relief. In some embodiments, the control valve 142 can also be positioned in the middle of the connection path 141, or at one end of the connection path 141 near the pressure relief pipe 14.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first mating portion 121 may include a first partition portion 1211 and a first extension portion 1212 protruding from one side of the first partition portion 1211. The first partition portion 1211 is provided with a through hole 1201. A portion of the edge of the first partition portion 1211 is connected to the second mating portion 122, and the first extension portion 1212 is provided along another portion of the edge of the first partition portion 1211.

[0060] The first partition 1211 forms the main part of the first mating part 121, and can block one side of the multiple battery packs 211, thus isolating the multiple battery packs 211 in the corresponding battery cluster 21 on one side of the first channel 1101. A through hole 1201 is provided on the first partition 1211, which can cooperate with the pressure relief area of ​​the multiple battery packs 211 in the battery cluster 21, allowing the thermal runaway products of the battery cells to smoothly reach into the first channel 1101. One edge of the first partition 1211 abuts against the second mating part 122, forming an integral unit with the second mating part 122. The first extension 1212 protrudes along the other edges of the first partition 1211, forming a shape that is open on one side and closed on the other.

[0061] The first extension 1212 can abut against the inner wall surface of the first partition 1211 and the housing 11, forming a mating portion between the first partition 1211 and the inner wall surface of the housing 11, and can close off a portion of the space between the first partition 1211 and the inner wall surface of the housing 11 along the edge of the first partition 1211. The outline shape of the first partition 1211 can be a regular rectangle, square, or polygon, or an irregular irregular shape. The first extension 1212 can be configured as a bent shape along the edge of the first partition 1211, or as a zigzag shape with multiple corners.

[0062] In practice, the first partition 1211 and the first extension 1212 can be connected in a separate structure to form the first mating part 121, or they can be formed in an integral molded structure. The first partition 1211 can be set to correspond to the installation area of ​​the battery cluster 21, and the protrusion size of the first extension 1212 can be controlled within a certain range to control the size of the space of the first channel 1101, so as to form a large pressure relief space to ensure pressure relief capacity and pressure relief speed, and complete pressure relief in a timely manner.

[0063] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the second mating part 122 may include a second partition 1221 and a second extension 1222 protruding from one side of the second partition 1221. The second partition 1221 is mated with the first partition 1211, and the second extension 1222 is mated with the first extension 1212.

[0064] The second partition 1221 forms the main part of the second mating part 122, blocking one side of the multiple battery packs 211 and dividing the corresponding battery cluster 21 into a second channel 1102. The second partition 1221 isolates the battery cluster 21 outside the second channel 1102, so that the second partition 1221 mates with the inner wall surface of the housing 11 to form a second channel 1102 that is isolated from the space surrounding the battery pack 211. One edge of the second partition 1221 abuts against the first mating part 121, forming an integral whole with the first mating part 121. The second extension 1222 protrudes along the edge of the second partition 1221, forming a shape that is open on one side and closed on the other side.

[0065] The second extension 1222 can abut against the inner wall surface of the second partition 1221 and the housing 11, forming a mating portion between the second partition 1221 and the inner wall surface of the housing 11. It can close off a portion of the space between the second partition 1221 and the inner wall surface of the housing 11 along the edge of the second partition 1221. The outline shape of the second partition 1221 can be a regular rectangle, square, or polygon, or an irregular shape. The second extension 1222 can be bent along the edge of the second partition 1221, or it can be a zigzag shape with multiple corners.

[0066] In practice, the second partition 1221 and the second extension 1222 can be connected in a separate structure to form the second mating part 122, or they can be formed in an integral molded structure. The second partition 1221 can be set to correspond to the installation area of ​​the battery cluster 21, and the protrusion size of the second extension 1222 can be controlled within a certain range to control the size of the space of the second channel 1102, so as to form a large pressure relief space to ensure pressure relief capacity and pressure relief speed, and complete pressure relief in a timely manner.

[0067] Furthermore, the second partition 1221 and the first partition 1211 are joined at the turning point, and the two side edges of the second partition 1221 are aligned with the two side edges of the first partition 1211. The second extension 1222 is joined with the first extension 1212 at the turning point, which can form interconnected first channels 1101 and second channels 1102 on multiple inner wall surfaces of the housing 11. At the same time, it isolates the first channels 1101 and second channels 1102 from other spaces inside the housing 11, ensuring the airtightness of the explosion relief channel.

[0068] In some embodiments, there may be a gap between two adjacent mating parts 12.

[0069] In other words, the edges of two adjacent mating parts 12 are not tightly fitted together. When multiple mating parts 12 are arranged, a certain distance is reserved between them to form a gap between adjacent mating parts 12, which can reduce mutual interference. A gap is also formed between two adjacent first channels 1101 and two adjacent second channels 1102 to prevent the high temperature in the explosion venting channel from affecting the adjacent mating parts 12.

[0070] Furthermore, the gap between two adjacent mating parts 12 can be used to arrange other components, thereby effectively utilizing the internal space of the housing 11 and reducing space waste. The gap between two adjacent mating parts 12 can be used to arrange the column structure for installing the battery pack 211, and the mating parts 12 can also mate with the column structure to ensure the connection stability of the mating parts 12.

[0071] In practice, different mating parts 12 can maintain a corresponding relationship with the battery clusters 21, and each battery cluster 21 has a corresponding mating part 12 to provide a venting channel.

[0072] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, multiple mounting structures 15 can be provided within the receiving cavity 111. The mounting structure 15 is located between two adjacent mating parts 12.

[0073] The mounting structure 15 can form a mounting base for other components inside the enclosure 11. The mating component 12 can be fixed to one side of the mounting structure 15, and the connection between the mating component 12 and the mounting structure 15 improves the structural stability of the mating component 12. The mounting structure 15 can adopt a column-type structure, which can reduce the space occupied inside the enclosure 11 by using spaced columns. At the same time, the columns can cooperate with guide rails to ensure convenient installation of the battery pack 211 inside the enclosure 11.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, mounting structures 15 are provided between each pair of the four mating parts 12. The mounting structures 15 can position the mating parts 12 and restrict their position, which helps to ensure the positional stability of the mating parts 12. In practice, mounting structures 15 can also be provided on the side of the two outermost mating parts 12 that are far apart from each other, so as to form a base for mounting the battery pack 211, and support it from both sides of the outermost battery pack 211.

[0075] In addition, the end of the mounting structure 15 near the mounting hole 112 can be flush with the edge of the second mating part 122 near the mounting hole 112.

[0076] In other words, the end of the mounting structure 15 located between two adjacent mating parts 12 can be flush with the top edge of the mating part 12. The end of the mounting structure 15 near the mounting hole 112 corresponds to the top of the mounting structure 15 and can extend to the top wall of the housing 11 where the mounting hole 112 is provided. The edge of the second mating part 122 away from the first mating part 121 corresponds to the top edge of the mating part 12 and can also extend to the top wall of the housing 11 where the mounting hole 112 is provided.

[0077] In practice, the end of the mounting structure 15 near the mounting hole 112 can abut against the inner wall surface of the top wall of the housing 11, while the top edge of the second mating part 122 abuts against the inner wall surface of the top wall of the housing 11. The mounting structure 15 and the mating part 12 can have the same height dimension, or the height dimension of the mounting structure 15 can be greater than the height dimension of the mating part 12, ensuring that the mounting structure 15 can be supported in a larger space, providing a sufficient mounting foundation for the battery cluster 21.

[0078] The enclosure 11 has a top wall and a bottom wall arranged opposite each other, as well as four side walls arranged laterally. The top wall is located at the top of the enclosure 11, the bottom wall is located at the bottom of the enclosure 11, and the four side walls include a front side wall and a rear side wall arranged along the depth direction, and a left side wall and a right side wall located on the other two sides. The front side wall is provided with a door structure corresponding to the enclosure 11, allowing workers to enter the interior of the enclosure 11. Typically, the explosion venting structure 13 is located on the top wall, venting pressure upwards to avoid the location of other energy storage explosion venting devices. To protect the door structure and prevent the door from being affected, the explosion venting channel is arranged along the rear side wall and the top wall of the enclosure 11, avoiding the front side wall of the enclosure 11. The explosion-proof valve on the battery pack 211 can be located on the rear side of the battery pack 211, that is, on the side close to the rear side wall of the enclosure 11.

[0079] In some embodiments, a one-way valve 1103 may be provided between two adjacent second channels 1102, and the one-way valve 1103 controls the flow of fluid from one of the two adjacent second channels 1102 to the other.

[0080] The one-way valve 1103 can establish a one-way flow path between two adjacent second channels 1102, so that two second channels 1102 located at different positions can be connected through the one-way valve 1103. The high pressure in one channel can force the one-way valve 1103 to open, thereby transferring the fluid to the adjacent second channel 1102. The pressure is then released by the adjacent second channel 1102, thereby increasing the pressure relief space for simultaneous explosion relief, so that the explosion relief process can be completed in time in an emergency.

[0081] Each second channel 1102 can be connected to an adjacent second channel 1102 under a certain pressure via a one-way valve 1103. Therefore, when a second channel 1102 experiences a pressure venting obstruction, pressure can be released using a neighboring second channel 1102, thus preventing the pressure venting channel from failing to release pressure in time due to an abnormal state. In practice, the pressure threshold of the one-way valve 1103 can be greater than the pressure threshold of the pressure venting structure 13. That is, if the pressure reaches or exceeds the pressure threshold of the one-way valve 1103 due to the pressure venting structure 13 failing to release pressure in time, the high-pressure fluid can enter the adjacent second channel 1102 to complete the pressure venting by opening the one-way valve 1103.

[0082] In practice, multiple one-way valves 1103 can be installed between two adjacent second channels 1102 to allow pressure relief in either of them when high pressure occurs. A common pressure relief channel can also be provided between two adjacent second channels 1102. For example, an independent abutment can be installed between two adjacent mating parts 12, with the abutment engaging with the inner wall of the housing 11 to form a common channel. This common channel is formed between two adjacent second channels 1102, and pipes can be installed between the common channel and the second channels 1102 on both sides to allow pressurized gas in the second channels 1102 to enter the common channel. An explosion relief structure 13 can also be installed on one side of the common channel to form multiple explosion relief paths. Furthermore, one-way valves 1103 can be installed on the pipes between the common channel and the second channels 1102 on both sides to control the unidirectional flow of pressurized gas in the second channels 1102 to the adjacent common channel.

[0083] In some embodiments, the projection of the first channel 1101 toward the battery cluster 21 may at least cover the edge of the battery cluster 21.

[0084] The first channel 1101 is located on one side of multiple battery packs 211 in the battery cluster 21. The first channel 1101 serves as a venting channel and cooperates with the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack 211, and is directly affected by the high-temperature fluid discharged from the explosion-proof valve. By making the range of the first channel 1101 larger, a larger space can be formed in a relatively compact area, reducing the impact of the high-temperature fluid from the battery pack 211.

[0085] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first mating part 121, which mates with the inner wall of the housing 11 to form the first channel 1101, has a large width, allowing the first channel 1101 to be formed over a large area. As an example, the width of the first mating part 121 can be the same as the width of the battery pack 211, or it can be larger than the width of the battery pack 211 to a certain extent, so as to form a larger first channel 1101 without occupying too much space.

[0086] In some embodiments, the extending direction of the first channel 1101 may be perpendicular to the extending direction of the second channel 1102.

[0087] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the first channel 1101 extends along the arrangement direction of the multiple battery packs 211 in the battery cluster 21, and the second channel 1102 extends along the length direction of the battery pack 211. The first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 extend in two mutually perpendicular directions, and form a bend at the connection point. By arranging the first channel 1101 and the second channel 1102 in two mutually perpendicular directions, the high-temperature fluid entering the first channel 1101 can enter the second channel 1102 after turning, without affecting the placement of the battery pack 211, thus reducing the impact during the explosion venting process. At the same time, the space on different sides of the battery cluster 21 can be used to arrange the explosion venting channels, forming explosion venting channels over a large area, and adapting to the process of depressurizing the battery pack 211 from the side and releasing internal pressure from the top of the housing 11 to the outside.

[0088] Some embodiments of this application also provide a containerized energy storage system. The containerized energy storage system includes the above-mentioned energy storage explosion relief device and multiple battery clusters 21. The multiple battery clusters 21 are disposed inside the housing 11 and are disposed corresponding to multiple first mating parts 121 of the energy storage explosion relief device. The battery clusters 21 include multiple battery packs 211, and the battery packs 211 are provided with first pressure relief structures 2111. The first pressure relief structures 2111 are disposed toward the through holes 1201 of the first mating parts 121.

[0089] Containerized energy storage systems use shipping containers as the housing 11 to accommodate multiple battery clusters 21. By setting up a large number of battery packs 211, containerized energy storage systems can achieve a maximum storage capacity of 4MWh or more, such as 4MWh, 5MWh, or 6MWh. Containerized energy storage systems can store electrical energy or supply electrical energy. As an example, a containerized energy storage system is connected to the power grid to store electrical energy output from a power plant. This electrical energy includes, but is not limited to, at least one of wind power, hydropower, thermal power, nuclear power, tidal power, and solar power.

[0090] The containerized energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be widely used in fields requiring high energy density and long cycle life. This system can achieve large-capacity energy storage, comprehensively improving energy density, cycle life, and safety performance. It can meet the needs of long-term energy storage, achieving 4 hours or more of long-term energy storage, for example, it can be applied to energy storage scenarios of 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, and 8 hours. Long-term energy storage refers to the ability to continuously discharge at rated power for 4 hours or even longer, or to achieve large-scale, low-cost energy storage for several days or months.

[0091] Battery cluster 21 is the energy storage component of the containerized energy storage device. Battery cluster 21 is housed within the container 11, and there are multiple battery clusters 21. For example, please refer to... Figure 6 There are four battery clusters 21, which are arranged at intervals within the housing 11. "Multiple" here refers to two or more. Each battery cluster 21 includes multiple battery packs 211, which are connected together in series, parallel, or series-parallel connections.

[0092] In some embodiments, multiple battery clusters 21 may be arranged in the same direction.

[0093] Multiple battery clusters 21 are arranged along the same direction in a straight line. In practice, each battery cluster 21 includes multiple battery packs 211, and for the housing 11, the numerous battery packs 211 are arranged in an array. The first channels 1101 of the multiple explosion venting channels can be arranged on the same side of the multiple battery clusters 21, that is, the first channels 1101 of the multiple explosion venting channels are arranged close to the same inner wall surface of the housing 11. The first channels 1101 of the multiple explosion venting channels can also be arranged on different sides of the multiple battery clusters 21, that is, the first channels 1101 of the multiple explosion venting channels are arranged close to different inner wall surfaces. For example, the first channels 1101 of the multiple explosion venting channels can be arranged separately on both sides of the multiple battery clusters 21. By arranging the first channels 1101 of the multiple explosion venting channels separately, the internal pressure can be released using the space on both sides of the housing cavity 111 of the housing 11, which helps to increase redundancy and improve the reliability of the explosion venting channels. When the first channel 1101 of multiple explosion relief channels is located on the same side of multiple battery clusters 21, it can reduce the occupation of the internal space of the housing 11 and avoid affecting the placement of the battery pack 211.

[0094] Each battery pack 211 is provided with a first pressure relief structure 2111, and the number of first pressure relief structures 2111 can be one or more. The first pressure relief structure 2111 is used to open or rupture in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell. The first pressure relief structure 2111 can be formed by an explosion-proof valve, a pressure relief balance valve, or an explosion-proof plate. In addition, the explosion-proof valve can be a one-way valve, allowing substances inside the battery pack 211 to flow out of the battery pack 211 in one direction. For example, in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell inside the battery pack 211, the thermal runaway products inside the battery pack 211 are allowed to flow out of the battery pack 211 through the explosion-proof valve. Typically, the explosion-proof valve will only open after the pressure inside the battery pack 211 reaches a certain value, and will remain normally closed when the pressure inside the battery pack 211 is less than the certain value. In practice, multiple battery packs 211 in the battery cluster 21 can be aligned so that the explosion-proof valves on each battery pack 211 are in the same direction. For example, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The battery cluster 21 includes 8 battery packs 211, and the 8 battery packs 211 are arranged along... Figure 6 and Figure 7 The cells are arranged vertically aligned, and each battery pack 211 is provided with a first pressure relief structure 2111. The first pressure relief structure 2111 of each battery pack 211 is provided accordingly.

[0095] The first pressure relief structure 2111 of the battery pack 211 passes through the explosion relief channel and is positioned towards the first channel 1101, allowing it to release pressure into the first channel 1101; that is, there is no obstruction between the first pressure relief structure 2111 and the first channel 1101. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells within the battery pack 211, creating high pressure, the first pressure relief structure 2111 activates, causing the substances generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells to transfer into the first channel 1101. When the pressure in the explosion relief channel increases due to the continuous generation of thermal runaway products by the battery cells, the explosion relief structure activates, allowing the high-pressure gas to be discharged to the outside in a timely manner, thereby preventing an explosion due to excessive pressure.

[0096] In some embodiments, the battery pack 211 may be provided with a second pressure relief structure 2112. The second pressure relief structure 2112 and the first pressure relief structure 2111 are disposed on different inner wall surfaces of the housing 11, and the opening pressure of the second pressure relief structure 2112 is less than the opening pressure of the first pressure relief structure 2111.

[0097] The second pressure relief structure 2112 works together with the first pressure relief structure 2111 to prevent the battery pack 211 from exploding. Figure 8As shown, the first pressure relief structure 2111 and the second pressure relief structure 2112 are located on different sides. The second pressure relief structure 2112 can be set to correspond to the receiving cavity 111 of the housing 11, that is, to the space where the battery pack 211 is located. The pressure threshold of the second pressure relief structure 2112 is lower than the pressure threshold of the first pressure relief structure 2111, that is, the second pressure relief structure 2112 is activated in the early stage when the first pressure relief structure 2111 begins to function. The second pressure relief structure 2112 can play a pressure relief role in the early stage of cell thermal runaway. In the early stage of cell thermal runaway, high-temperature fluid can be discharged through the second pressure relief structure 2112 and enter the internal space of the housing 11. The fluid with lower pressure can be discharged to the outside through the pressure relief valve or the exhaust fan 115 set in the housing 11. By setting the second pressure relief structure 2112, staged pressure relief can be achieved when cell thermal runaway occurs in the housing 11, thereby more effectively suppressing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0098] As an example, the second pressure relief structure 2112 is located on the front side of the battery pack 211, and the first pressure relief structure 2111 is located on the rear side of the battery pack 211. The second pressure relief structure 2112 plays a pressure relief role on the front side of the battery pack 211, and the first pressure relief structure 2111 plays a pressure relief role on the rear side of the battery pack 211.

[0099] Additionally, the battery pack 211 may be provided with a protrusion 212. The protrusion 212 surrounds the first pressure relief structure 2111.

[0100] The protrusion 212 is disposed around the periphery of the first pressure relief structure 2111, with the first pressure relief structure 2111 located inside the protrusion 212. The protrusion 212 extends entirely beyond the surface of the battery pack 211's casing, acting as a barrier to the outside of the first pressure relief structure 2111, thus protecting it from easy damage. There can be one or more protrusions 212, which can be arranged in a layered manner to form a multi-layered protective structure.

[0101] Additionally, one end of the protrusion 212 can abut against the mating member 12, blocking the area between the battery pack 211 housing and the mating member 12. This ensures that the thermal runaway products of the battery cells within the battery pack 211 can smoothly and accurately reach the through hole 1201 to enter the first channel 1101 for subsequent pressure relief. Furthermore, each battery pack 211 can have a protrusion 212 on the side near the second sidewall 114. The periphery of the first pressure relief structure 2111 of each battery pack 211 can be sealed by the protrusion 212, ensuring that when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 211, the high-temperature fluid can be sprayed into the explosion relief space without splashing onto other battery packs 211, thus avoiding adverse effects on other battery packs 211.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific implementations of this application, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

Claims

1. A containerized energy storage system, characterized in that, include: The housing has a cavity for accommodating the battery cluster and multiple mounting holes communicating with the cavity; Multiple mating parts are disposed within the receiving cavity. Each mating part includes a connected first mating portion and a second mating portion. The first mating portion mates with the inner wall surface of the housing to form a first channel. The first mating portion is provided with multiple through holes, one end of which communicates with the first channel. The second mating portion mates with the inner wall surface of the housing to form a second channel. The second channel communicates with the first channel. The first mating portion and the second mating portion abut against different inner wall surfaces of the housing. The second mating portion abuts against the top wall of the housing. Multiple explosion venting structures are connected to the housing. The explosion venting structures are arranged towards the second channel via the mounting holes. The explosion venting structures can switch between a first state and a second state. When the explosion venting structure is in the first state, the pressure in the second channel does not exceed a preset value. The explosion venting structure is sealed at the mounting holes. When the explosion venting structure is in the second state, the explosion venting structure opens at least part of the mounting holes to release pressure to the outside. Multiple battery clusters are disposed inside the housing and are provided with multiple first mating parts. Each battery cluster includes multiple battery packs. Each battery pack is provided with a first pressure relief structure. The first pressure relief structure is provided with a through hole facing the first mating part. The enclosure includes a first side wall and a second side wall that are arranged opposite to each other. The first side wall is the front side wall of the enclosure with a door. A first mating part abuts against the second side wall. The edge of the second mating part away from the first mating part is spaced from the first side wall. A pressure relief pipe is provided inside the enclosure. The pressure relief pipe is connected to multiple second channels. The pressure relief pipe is located on the side of the second mating part away from the first mating part.

2. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mating portion of the plurality of mating parts abuts against the same inner wall surface of the box body, and the second mating portion of the plurality of mating parts abuts against the same inner wall surface of the box body.

3. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A control valve is installed on the connection path between the pressure relief pipe and the second channel.

4. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first mating portion includes a first partition portion and a first extension portion protruding from one side of the first partition portion. A portion of the edge of the first partition portion is connected to the second mating portion, and the first extension portion is disposed along another portion of the edge of the first partition portion.

5. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second mating part includes a second partition and a second extension protruding from one side of the second partition. The second partition is mated with the first partition, and the second extension is mated with the first extension.

6. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, There is a gap between two adjacent mating parts.

7. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cavity is provided with multiple mounting structures, which are located between two adjacent mating parts.

8. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the mounting structure near the mounting hole is flush with the edge of the second mating part near the mounting hole.

9. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A one-way valve is provided between two adjacent second channels, and the one-way valve controls the flow of fluid from one of the two adjacent second channels to the other.

10. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack is provided with a second pressure relief structure, which is disposed on a different inner wall surface of the housing than the first pressure relief structure. The opening pressure of the second pressure relief structure is less than the opening pressure of the first pressure relief structure.

11. The containerized energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack is provided with a protrusion that surrounds the first pressure relief structure.

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