Tail gas absorption device for chemical production

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tail gas absorption device for chemical production, it is related to chemical tail gas treatment technical field, including the absorption tank of upper end closure, several filter plates, partition, scraper, dust absorption plate, transmission plate, damping piston rod and controller, wherein, absorption tank top two sides are equipped with air inlet pipeline, inside is separated by partition, two sides are symmetrically equipped with filter plate, slidable scraper is equipped on filter plate, hollow dust absorption plate is elastically installed in partition, its normal state is misaligned with perforation, damping piston rod is arranged at air inlet pipeline, does not contact transmission plate under normal state;When filter plate is blocked, damping piston rod is extruded transmission plate due to pressure increase, so that dust absorption plate is moved down and realizes that perforation is communicated with hole;Controller controls scraper to slide to set position towards partition synchronously, and starts dust removal pump and concentrates dust collection.The present application can automatically realize the blockage detection of absorption device filter plate and timely cleaning, guarantee absorption efficiency, and temporarily connect adjacent filter area, share filter pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical waste gas absorption technology, specifically to a tail gas absorption device for chemical production. Background Technology

[0002] Chemical production processes generate large amounts of exhaust gas containing pollutants such as solid particles, dust, and harmful gases. Direct emission of this exhaust gas would cause serious air pollution, harming the ecological environment and human health. Therefore, it must be purified before it can be discharged in compliance with standards. Currently, one of the core functions of commonly used exhaust gas absorption devices in chemical exhaust gas treatment is to filter solid particles in the exhaust gas, laying the foundation for the subsequent separation and purification of harmful gases. However, existing devices have many problems that urgently need to be solved in practical applications. First, the filter plates in existing filtration devices are prone to clogging, and once clogged, timely and automatic cleaning of dust and particulate matter is difficult. Manual cleaning is usually required, which not only wastes manpower and resources but also disrupts the chemical production process for extended periods, reducing efficiency. Furthermore, manual cleaning can damage the filter plates, increasing equipment maintenance costs. Second, the timing of dust removal is difficult to control precisely. Operators cannot visually confirm whether the filter plates need cleaning. Cleaning too early or too late can affect the exhaust gas filtration effect and may even cause abnormal internal pressure, posing safety hazards. Furthermore, most existing absorption and treatment devices adopt a single-sided air intake or single filtration area design. When a local filter plate is blocked, it will lead to a decrease in the overall filtration performance of the device, and pressure imbalance will easily occur in the two filtration areas. Therefore, it is necessary to shut down and repair the device immediately, which will affect the stability and safety of exhaust gas treatment. At the same time, some devices can only filter particulate matter and cannot effectively absorb harmful gases in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas purification effect is limited and it is difficult to meet the increasingly stringent environmental emission requirements. Furthermore, existing devices, when mixing exhaust gas with reactants, simply perform spray washing and purification or a neutralization reaction similar to simple mixing. The contact between the liquid and the chemical exhaust gas is insufficient, resulting in inadequate gas-liquid contact area, low absorption efficiency of harmful gases, and poor adaptability due to the inability to flexibly adjust to the characteristics of exhaust gas under different chemical production conditions. These problems collectively limit the purification efficiency, operational stability, and practicality of chemical exhaust gas absorption devices. Therefore, developing a chemical production exhaust gas absorption device that can solve these problems is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tail gas absorption device for chemical production, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to automatically and timely clean and unclog the filter element when treating chemical tail gas, resulting in the absorption and purification performance not being fully improved.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A tail gas absorption device for chemical production includes an absorption tank sealed at both ends and several filter plates installed inside the absorption tank. An air inlet pipe is connected to each of the top two sides of the absorption tank. The upper space inside the absorption tank is divided by a partition vertically fixed to its inner side. Several layers of filter plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the partition. A scraper is slidably fitted onto the upper surface of the filter plates, and the scraper normally rests against the inner wall of the absorption tank. A hollow dust-collecting plate is vertically and elastically slidably installed inside the partition. Normally, the perforations on the side wall of the dust-collecting plate are completely offset from the perforations on the side wall of the partition, and the perforations are located against the upper surface of the filter plates. The top of the dust-collecting plate is fixed... The system includes an inverted V-shaped transmission plate, and a dust outlet on the suction plate located outside the absorption tank is connected to a dust pump via a dust outlet hose. A damping piston rod is installed on the side wall of the air inlet pipe near the top of the absorption tank. Under normal operating conditions, the piston plate of the damping piston rod does not contact the transmission plate. The system also includes a controller. When the filter plate becomes clogged, the damping piston rod slides further out of the air inlet pipe due to increased pressure at the connection between the air inlet pipe and the absorption tank, and presses against the transmission plate, causing the suction plate to move down to the position where the perforation and through-hole connect. At this time, the controller controls the scraper to slide towards the partition, and when it slides to a set position, it controls the dust pump to start for concentrated dust collection.

[0005] Furthermore, a distance sensor is fixed to the top of the absorption tank. The distance sensor is used to detect the height of the transmission plate. When the height of the transmission plate is at a set value, the controller controls the dust removal pump to start.

[0006] Furthermore, the greater the decrease in the height of the transmission plate detected by the distance sensor, the higher the rotational speed of the dust removal pump.

[0007] Furthermore, the sidewall of the intake pipe protrudes outward to form a cylindrical platform. The piston plate is coaxially installed inside the cylindrical cavity of the cylindrical platform. A pressure plate is fixed to the end of the damping piston rod away from the piston plate, and the pressure plate is located outside the cylindrical platform. A first magnetic ring is embedded in the bottom of the cylindrical cavity, and a second magnetic ring is embedded in the piston plate. The two magnetic rings repel each other, causing the pressure plate to be tightly attached to the end face of the cylindrical platform.

[0008] Furthermore, the intake pipe is also threaded with a pressure ring coaxial with the damping piston rod, one end of which extends into the cylindrical cavity and contacts the piston plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the two filter plates on the same layer are each connected to a normally closed pipe through a drainage hole. The normally closed pipe is equipped with a pressure relief valve. When the pressure difference between the areas above the two corresponding filter plates on the left and right sides of the partition reaches a set value, the pressure relief valve opens, so that the areas above the filter plates on both sides at the same height are connected to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure relief valve includes an enlarged pressure relief pipe section fixed in the center of the normally closed pipe. The inner wall of the pressure relief pipe section has a raised ring. Each side of the raised ring has a mounting seat that is suspended and fixed inside the pressure relief pipe section. A disc plug is axially elastically and slidingly installed between the two mounting seats through a spindle and two conical springs. Under normal conditions, the disc plug is in the position of sealing the inner hole of the raised ring. When the pressure difference on both sides of the raised ring reaches a set value, the disc plug leaves the inner hole of the raised ring.

[0011] Furthermore, a flat rectangular tube is fixed to the bottom of the partition. The two ends of the flat rectangular tube are fixedly connected to and sealed to the two opposite inner walls of the absorption tank. The left and right sides of the flat rectangular tube each have several spray holes that spray the reaction liquid obliquely upwards. The spray holes are arranged in a rectangular array on the surface of the flat rectangular tube.

[0012] Furthermore, a socket tube is fixed to the bottom end of the rectangular tube. A sliding rod is connected to the socket tube via a tension spring and a tie rod located within the tension spring. A shear column is fixed to the bottom end of the sliding rod. The upper half of the cross-section of the shear column is an isosceles trapezoidal shape, and the lower half is an isosceles triangle shape. The shear column is parallel to the rectangular tube and has the same length as the rectangular tube. The upper half of the rectangular tube and the shear column are located within a constricted neck in the middle of the absorption tank to shear the gas-liquid mixture flowing through the gap between the two sides of the shear column and the inner wall of the constricted neck into water mist. The bottom end of the rectangular tube and the top of the socket tube have sliding holes that communicate with each other. The piston column fixed to the top of the tie rod is vertically and slidably sealed in the sliding hole so that the sliding rod is at different height positions in the socket tube when the water pressure inside the rectangular tube changes.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom side of the absorption tank has a horizontally extending exhaust pipe section, which is used to transport the water mist formed by shearing to the separation tower.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This chemical production tail gas absorption device, through a reasonable structural design, achieves the synergistic effect of multiple functions such as tail gas filtration, automatic ash removal, pressure balancing, and harmful gas absorption. Specifically, it has the following significant effects: (i) To achieve automatic dust removal of filter plates, improve production efficiency and reduce maintenance costs. The device employs a coordinated design involving a damping piston rod, a suction plate, a scraper, a dust pump, and a controller. This allows for real-time response to filter plate blockage: when filter plate blockage causes increased pressure at the connection between the air inlet pipe and the absorption tank, the pressure pushes the damping piston rod, compressing the transmission plate and causing the suction plate to move downwards, connecting the through-holes of the suction plate with the perforations of the partition. Simultaneously, the controller triggers the scraper to slide, concentrating the dust on the filter plate and scraping it near the partition. The dust pump then collects and removes the dust, completing the automatic dust removal process. The entire dust removal process requires no manual intervention, no complete shutdown, or only a brief automatic shutdown, effectively avoiding the tedious manual cleaning operations and improving production efficiency. In addition, the height of the transmission plate is detected in real time by a distance sensor, and the controller adjusts the speed of the dust removal pump according to the amount of descent of the transmission plate. The more severe the blockage, the higher the speed of the dust removal pump. This ensures thorough dust removal while avoiding energy waste, achieving a balance between energy saving and efficient dust removal. (ii) Precisely control the timing of dust removal to ensure the stability of equipment operation. The distance sensor and controller work together to preset the standard height (normal state) and trigger height (dust cleaning threshold) of the transmission plate. Only when the transmission plate descends to the trigger height and the through hole of the dust collection plate is fully connected with the through hole of the partition will the controller start the scraper and dust pump to perform dust cleaning. This ensures accurate dust cleaning timing, avoids energy waste caused by starting too early and problems such as excessive filtration resistance and abnormal pressure caused by starting too late, ensures long-term stable operation of the device, and reduces safety hazards. (iii) The dust removal trigger threshold can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different working conditions. By installing a pressure ring inside the intake pipe that cooperates with the damping piston rod, rotating the pressure ring changes its depth into the cylindrical cavity, adjusting the contact pressure against the piston plate, and thus adjusting the balance between the magnetic ring's repulsive force and the pressure, achieving flexible adjustment of the filter plate clogging trigger pressure. This design allows the device to adapt to different dust removal trigger thresholds based on the characteristics of tail gas concentration and particulate matter content under different chemical production conditions, improving the device's versatility and adaptability. (iv) Achieve pressure balance in both filtration zones to ensure filtration effectiveness and safety. The normally closed pipe and pressure relief valve installed above the same layer of filter plates can automatically detect the pressure difference between the two sides when the degree of clogging on both sides is inconsistent or one side is blocked. When the difference reaches a preset value, the pressure relief valve automatically opens, connecting the two filtration areas and temporarily occupying the adjacent filtration space for filtration. This structure effectively distributes the filtration pressure on the severely blocked side, providing local pressure relief and preventing equipment damage caused by excessive pressure on one side. At the same time, it ensures that the exhaust gas can be temporarily filtered normally, buying time for dust removal operations and ensuring the stability of the filtration effect and the safety of the device operation. (v) Enhance exhaust gas purification effect and achieve synergistic treatment of particulate matter and harmful gases. The device initially filters particulate matter from the exhaust gas using a filter plate, then injects a reactive liquid through a flat rectangular tube, ensuring full contact with the filtered exhaust gas. Harmful gases are absorbed through chemical reaction or physical dissolution. Simultaneously, as the high-speed gas-liquid mixture passes through the gap formed by the constricted neck and shear column, it is compressed and sheared into fine water mist, significantly increasing the gas-liquid contact area and further enhancing the absorption efficiency of harmful gases. This multi-stage purification structure of "filtration-spray-shear" achieves synergistic treatment of particulate matter and harmful gases, significantly improving the exhaust gas purification effect, ensuring that exhaust gas emissions meet standards and comply with environmental protection requirements. (vi) Adaptively adjust the shear gap to ensure the stability of gas-liquid mixing and absorption. The coordinated design of the flat rectangular tube, socket tube, tie rod, and shear column allows changes in water pressure within the flat rectangular tube to move the piston column, tie rod, and sliding rod, thereby adjusting the height of the shear column and changing the gap between the shear column and the inner wall of the constricted neck. This structure can adaptively adjust the shear gap according to changes in the injection flow rate of the reaction solution and the exhaust gas flow rate, ensuring stable shearing of the gas-liquid mixture, forming a uniform water mist, guaranteeing gas-liquid contact effect and harmful gas absorption efficiency, and improving the operational stability and adaptability of the device. Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a simplified cross-sectional view of one of the tail gas absorption devices for chemical production according to the present invention (only the absorption tank is cut to show the internal components). Figure 2 This is a detailed cross-sectional view of one of the tail gas absorption devices for chemical production according to the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view along the DD direction; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Sectional view along line AA; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing a state where perforations and vias are interconnected. Figure 7 for Figure 2 Enlarged view at point B (a specific implementation diagram of the damping piston rod); Figure 8 This is a top view of a normally closed pipe. Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of a normally closed pipeline at the pressure relief pipe section under normal conditions. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure relief pipe when the normally closed pipe is opened.

[0016] In the diagram: Absorption tank 1, Drainage hole 101, Neck constriction 102, Filter plate 2, Inlet pipe 3, Baffle 4, Perforation 401, Dust suction plate 5, Through hole 501, Dust outlet hole 502, Transmission plate 6, Damping piston rod 7, Piston plate 8, Second magnetic ring 9, First magnetic ring 10, Pressure plate 11, Pressure ring 12, Slide rod 13, Return spring 14, Normally closed pipe 15, Pressure relief pipe section 16, Mounting seat 17, Conical spring 18, Disc plug 19, Convex ring 20, Flat rectangular tube 21, Socket tube 22, Sliding rod 23, Shear column 24, Hydraulic rod 25, Scraper 26, Cylindrical platform 27, Gap 28, Exhaust pipe section 29, Dust outlet hose 30, Spindle 31, Distance sensor 32, Sliding hole 33, Piston column 34, Pull rod 35, Tension spring 36. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0019] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-3This invention provides a technical solution: a tail gas absorption device for chemical production. The core structure includes an absorption tank 1 sealed at both ends, and several filter plates 2 installed inside the absorption tank 1 to filter particulate matter and other waste in the chemical tail gas for further separation and purification in subsequent processes. Specifically, an air inlet pipe 3 is connected to each side of the top of the absorption tank 1, and the air inlet pipe 3 is used to introduce the tail gas generated in chemical production into the absorption tank 1 from both sides. The upper space inside the absorption tank 1 is divided into two symmetrical areas by a vertically fixed partition 4 of a certain thickness. Several layers of filter plates 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the partition 4, with each layer of filter plates 2 arranged horizontally and coplanarly, for filtering solid particulate matter in the tail gas input from the two air inlet pipes 3. In addition, a scraper 26 is slidably installed on the upper surface of the filter plate 2. Under normal conditions, the scraper 26 is set close to the inner wall of the absorption tank 1 and does not affect the normal filtration operation of the filter plate 2. The scraper 26 can be slidably installed on the frame of the filter plate 2. The frame is made of stainless steel with a smooth surface. The filter screen is set inside the frame and is slightly lower than the top surface of the frame so that the scraper 26 can slide along the frame. During installation, a hydraulic rod 25 or similar device can be used to push and pull the scraper 26. In the above structure, the partition 4 has a hollow structure inside. A hollow dust collection plate 5 is elastically slidably installed in the vertical direction inside. For example, a sliding rod 13 is vertically fixed at the bottom of the dust collection plate 5. The bottom of the sliding rod 13 is connected to the bottom surface of the partition 4 through a return spring 14. Under normal conditions, the return spring 14 causes the several through holes 501 that are spaced apart on the side wall of the dust collection plate 5 and the several perforations 401 that are spaced apart on the side wall of the partition 4 to be completely staggered and not connected to each other. That is, the dust collection plate 5 is not connected to the inside of the absorption tank 1. During manufacturing, the perforations 401 are positioned close to the upper surface of the filter plate 2 to effectively remove dust particles and other filter media accumulated nearby. Under normal conditions, the perforations 501 of the suction plate 5 are completely offset from the perforations 401 of the partition plate 4 to prevent exhaust gas from directly entering the interior of the suction plate 5. An inverted V-shaped transmission plate 6 is fixed to the top of the suction plate 5, and the side wall of the suction plate 5 outside the absorption tank 1 is provided with... Figure 2 The dust outlet 502 shown connects to an external dust pump via a flexible hose that transports dust particles and other filtered materials. This centralized dust collection and initial cleaning of the filter plate 2 prevents clogging. For detailed manufacturing instructions, please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 1-2 A damping piston rod 7 is specifically installed on the side wall of the air intake pipe 3 near the top of the absorption tank 1. The damping piston rod 7 requires a certain axial pressure to move axially. Figure 7, one end of the damped piston rod 7 extends into the intake pipe 3 and a piston plate 8 is fixed thereto. In a normal working state, the pressure at the connection between the intake pipe 3 and the absorption tank 1 is within a normal set range, and the piston plate 8 of the damped piston rod 7 is not in contact with the transmission plate 6, so that the dust collection plate 5 is maintained at a normal position. In this normal position, the through hole 401 and the through hole 501 are not communicated with each other. For the above normal position, a slide rod 13 can be vertically fixed at the bottom end of the dust collection plate 5, the bottom end of the slide rod 13 is connected with the bottom of the inner cavity of the partition plate 4 through a return spring 14, and the return spring 14 keeps the through hole 401 and the through hole 501 disconnected from each other.

[0021] In order to realize linkage control, this embodiment further includes a controller. When the filter plate 2 is clogged after being used for a period of time, the resistance of tail gas passing through the filter plate 2 increases, which causes the pressure at the connection between the intake pipe 3 and the absorption tank 1 to increase. This pressure is sufficient to push the damped piston rod 7 to move axially, so that the damped piston rod 7 further slides out of the intake pipe 3. The slid-out damped piston rod 7 squeezes the inverted V-shaped transmission plate 6, driving the dust collection plate 5 to slide vertically downward until the through hole 501 on the side wall of the dust collection plate 5 communicates with the through hole 401 on the side wall of the partition plate 4. The specific communication degree depends on the downward displacement of the partition plate 4, for example Figure 6 as shown, the through hole 401 and the through hole 501 are partially communicated. When the filter plate 2 is suddenly severely clogged, the dust collection plate 5 moves downward to Figure 5 the extreme position as shown, then the through hole 401 and the through hole 501 are completely aligned and communicated, and the dust collection capacity is maximized. Specifically, when the controller detects an action signal of the damped piston rod 7, for example, an intermediate actuator detects the displacement of the damped piston rod 7, or the displacement of a transmission element associated with the damped piston rod 7 reaches a set value, the controller first controls the scrapers 26 to slide toward the partition plate 4, and the scrapers 26 on both sides move closer to each other, that is, synchronously approach the partition plate 4. The scrapers 26 scrape the dust accumulated on the upper surface of the filter plate 2 during sliding. When the scrapers 26 slide to the set position (that is, a certain position on the side close to the partition plate 4), the filtered matter collected on the filter plate 2 is intensively scraped to the vicinity of the partition plate 4. At this time, when the through hole 401 and the through hole 501 are communicated, the controller controls the dust removal pump to start simultaneously, and then the filtered matter such as dust particles scraped off by the scrapers 26 is sucked out intensively through the dust collection plate 5 and the hose, completing the ash cleaning and unclogging operation of the filter plate 2. After the ash cleaning is completed, the pressure returns to normal, the damped piston rod 7 resets, the dust collection plate 5 and the scrapers 26 also reset synchronously, and the device returns to the normal filtering state.

[0022] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, as a trigger signal design for the controller, a distance sensor 32 is fixed at the top of the absorption tank 1. The detection end of the distance sensor 32 is set towards the transmission plate 6 to detect the height position of the transmission plate 6 in real time. The distance sensor 32 is electrically connected to the controller and transmits the detected height signal of the transmission plate 6 to the controller in real time. The controller has preset standard height of the transmission plate 6 (i.e., the height of the suction plate 5 in its normal state) and trigger height (i.e., the height of the suction plate 5 when it moves down to the point where the through hole 501 and the through hole 401 are connected). When the filter plate 2 is blocked, causing the transmission plate 6 to be squeezed down, and the distance sensor 32 detects that the height of the transmission plate 6 has reached the set trigger value, it indicates that the suction plate 5 has reached its position, that is, the through hole 501 and the through hole 401 are fully connected. At this time, the controller sends a control signal, the scraper 26 slides on the filter plate 2 to remove dust, and then the dust pump is started to perform concentrated dust removal, ensuring that the timing of the dust removal operation is accurate and avoiding energy waste or incomplete dust removal caused by starting the dust pump too early or too late.

[0023] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the signal transmission between the distance sensor 32 and the controller is a continuous signal, which can provide real-time feedback on the specific height change of the transmission plate 6. The controller has a preset relationship between the height drop and the speed of the dust removal pump. The greater the height drop of the transmission plate 6 detected by the distance sensor 32, the more severe the clogging of the filter plate 2, and the more dust is scraped off by the scraper 26. At this time, the controller controls the speed of the dust removal pump to increase the suction power, ensuring that the accumulated dust can be extracted quickly and thoroughly, and avoiding excessive dust accumulation that affects the normal operation of the device. Conversely, if the height drop of the transmission plate 6 is small, it indicates that the clogging of the filter plate 2 is less severe, and the dust removal pump operates at a lower speed to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0024] In this embodiment, as a specific implementation structure of the damping piston rod 7, such as Figures 1-3 as well as Figure 7The sidewall of the intake pipe 3 protrudes outward to form a cylindrical platform 27, which is connected to the interior of the intake pipe 3. A piston plate 8 with a damping piston rod 7 is coaxially mounted inside the cylindrical cavity of the cylindrical platform 27. The piston plate 8 slides and seals against the inner sidewall of the cylindrical cavity. The end of the damping piston rod 7 facing away from the piston plate 8 passes through the end face of the cylindrical platform 27 and is fixed with a pressure plate 11. The pressure plate 11 is located outside the cylindrical platform 27 and is used to contact the transmission plate 6. A first magnetic ring 10 is embedded in the bottom of the cylindrical cavity, and a second magnetic ring 9 is embedded inside the piston plate 8. The first magnetic ring 10 and the second magnetic ring 9 have the same polarity and generate a repulsive force against each other. Under normal conditions, this repulsive force pushes the piston plate 8 towards the side facing away from the cylindrical platform 27, causing the pressure plate 11 to press tightly against the end face of the cylindrical platform 27. At this time, the piston plate 8 is in a normal position where it does not contact the transmission plate 6. When the pressure at the connection between the air intake pipe 3 and the absorption tank 1 increases, the pressure overcomes the repulsive force between the two magnetic rings, pushes the piston plate 8 to move towards the bottom of the cylindrical cavity, drives the damping piston rod 7 and the pressure plate 11 to extend outward, and then squeezes the transmission plate 6, thereby realizing the downward movement of the dust suction plate 5.

[0025] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, the inner wall of the intake pipe 3 is provided with an internal thread. A circular pressure ring 12, coaxial with the damping piston rod 7, is fitted into the internal thread of the intake pipe 3. One end of the pressure ring 12 extends into the cylindrical cavity and abuts against the side of the piston plate 8 away from the first magnetic ring 10. By rotating the pressure ring 12, the depth of the pressure ring 12 extending into the cylindrical cavity can be changed, thereby adjusting the contact pressure on the piston plate 8 and indirectly adjusting the balance between the repulsive force and pressure between the two magnetic rings. Thus, according to the actual exhaust gas treatment requirements, the trigger threshold of the pressure when the filter plate 2 is clogged can be adjusted to adapt to the dust removal requirements under different working conditions.

[0026] In this embodiment, a practical problem is addressed: during actual operation, if one side of the filter plate 2 becomes clogged, the filtration performance of the corresponding area may decrease, thereby affecting the dust collection of the entire absorption tank 1. Given that the gas being processed is chemical exhaust gas, for safety reasons, the space corresponding to the filter plates 2 on the same layer is temporarily connected. For example... Figures 1-2As shown, above the two filter plates 2 on the same layer (located on both sides of the partition 4), a normally closed pipe 15 is connected through corresponding drainage holes 101. A pressure relief valve is installed on the normally closed pipe 15, which is normally closed. The normally closed pipe 15 is not internally connected, isolating the filtration areas on both sides of the partition 4. When the corresponding filter plates 2 on the left and right sides of the partition 4 experience inconsistent levels of blockage, or when one side is blocked, a pressure difference will occur in the area above the filter plates 2 on both sides. When this pressure difference reaches the preset value of the controller, the pressure relief valve automatically opens, connecting the areas above the filter plates 2 on both sides at the same height, achieving pressure balance, and sharing the filtration pressure on the severely blocked side. This provides localized pressure relief while ensuring that the exhaust gas can temporarily operate normally, buying time for subsequent cleaning and ensuring the safety and stability of the filtration effect.

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figures 8-10 As shown, in specific manufacturing, the pressure relief valve includes a pressure relief pipe section 16 fixed in the center of the normally closed pipe 15. The pressure relief pipe section 16 is enlarged, that is, thicker than the rest of the normally closed pipe section 15. Its inner wall protrudes to form an annular convex ring 20, and the inner hole of the convex ring 20 is a pressure relief channel. Each side of the convex ring 20 is provided with a mounting seat 17 that is suspended and fixed inside the pressure relief pipe section 16. The two mounting seats 17 are arranged opposite each other and are fixedly connected by a mandrel 31. A disc plug 19 is axially and dynamically sealed in the middle of the mandrel 31. Two conical springs 18 are connected to each end of the disc plug 19. The two conical springs 18 are located on both sides of the convex ring 20 and are sleeved on the mandrel 31. Under normal conditions, under the elastic force of the two conical springs 18, the disc plug 19 is tightly embedded in the convex ring 20, sealing the inner hole of the convex ring 20 and keeping the pressure relief valve in the closed state. When the pressure difference between the two sides of the convex ring 20 reaches the set value, the pressure on the side with greater pressure overcomes the elastic force of the conical spring 18, pushing the disc plug 19 to move towards the side with less pressure, causing the disc plug 19 to leave the inner hole of the convex ring 20, opening the pressure relief channel, and achieving pressure balance on both sides. When the pressure difference returns to below the set value, the disc plug 19 resets under the action of the conical spring 18, re-sealing the inner hole of the convex ring 20, and the pressure relief valve closes.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 To achieve spray cleaning and dissolution of unfiltered fine dust particles in the reaction section, thereby achieving preliminary absorption and purification of the exhaust gas, a flat rectangular tube 21 can be fixed at the bottom of the partition 4. The length of the flat rectangular tube 21 is adapted to the inner diameter of the absorption tank 1, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the two opposite inner side walls of the absorption tank 1, with a sealed structure at the connection to prevent high-pressure water inside the tube from leaking out from both ends. Several spray holes for spraying the reaction solution obliquely upwards are provided on the left and right side walls of the flat rectangular tube 21. Figure 3As shown, the injection holes are evenly arranged in a rectangular array on the surface of the flat rectangular tube 21, ensuring that the injected reaction solution can evenly cover the space below the filtration area on both sides of the partition 4, and come into contact with and mix with the oncoming filtered chemical exhaust gas. After being filtered by the filter plate 2, the exhaust gas flows downward to the area where the flat rectangular tube 21 is located. The reaction solution is introduced into the flat rectangular tube 21 and sprayed obliquely upward through the injection holes, making full contact with the downward flowing exhaust gas, causing a chemical reaction or physical dissolution and mixing, absorbing the corresponding harmful gases in the exhaust gas, and achieving the purification treatment of the exhaust gas.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 A socket tube 22 is fixed at the bottom end of the flat rectangular tube 21. The socket tube 22 can be designed as a circular tube structure, rather than having the same length as the flat rectangular tube 21 and the partition plate 4, so that the space around it can be interconnected. Even if the filtration performance of different areas of the filter plate 2 is inconsistent, the exhaust gas can be dispersed again when it moves to the area around the socket tube 22, providing a relatively sufficient gas source for the gas-liquid mixture to be concentratedly squeezed and sheared at various points in the gap 28 formed by the subsequent shear column. In specific manufacturing, the socket tube 22 has a hollow structure, and a tension spring 36 and a pull rod 35 are installed inside it. The pull rod 35 is located inside the tension spring 36, and the bottom end of the pull rod 35 is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 23. The sliding rod 23 is slidably installed in the socket tube 22, and a shear column 24 perpendicular to it is fixed at the bottom end of the sliding rod 23. The shear column 24 has a special cross-section with an upper half that is an isosceles trapezoid and a lower half that is an isosceles triangle. The length of the shear column 24 is parallel to the flat rectangular tube 21, and its length is the same as that of the flat rectangular tube 21. In this position, the shear column 24 again divides the corresponding space of the absorption tank 1 into two independent regions, as shown below. Figure 2 , Figure 4 The rectangular slit-like gaps on the left and right sides 28. See also... Figures 1-2 The absorption tank 1 has a constricted neck 102 in the middle. The upper part of the flat rectangular tube 21 and the shear column 24 are located within the constricted neck 102. The gap 28 is formed between the inner wall of the constricted neck 102 and the two sides of the shear column 24. The exhaust gas mixes with the reaction liquid sprayed from the flat rectangular tube 21 to form a gas-liquid mixture. When the high-speed gas-liquid mixture flows through the gap 28, it is sheared by the shear column 24 and the inner wall of the constricted neck 102, forming a fine water mist, increasing the gas-liquid contact area, and improving the efficiency of further separation and purification of the exhaust gas. Figure 3The bottom end of the flat rectangular tube 21 and the top of the socket tube 22 are provided with a sliding hole 33 that communicates with each other. A piston column 34 is fixed at the top of the pull rod 35. The piston column 34 is vertically and slidably sealed in the sliding hole 33. When the water pressure in the flat rectangular tube 21 changes, the water pressure will act on the piston column 34, pushing the piston column 34 to slide up and down in the sliding hole 33, thereby driving the pull rod 35 and the sliding rod 23 to move up and down in the socket tube 22, changing the height position of the shear column 24, thereby adjusting the size of the gap 28 between the shear column 24 and the inner wall of the neck 102. Based on the active control of the amount of drug injection flow during the processing, it is adapted to the gas-liquid mixture with different flow rates to ensure stable shearing effect.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-2 The bottom of the absorption tank 1 is provided with a horizontally extending exhaust pipe 29, which is connected to the interior of the absorption tank 1 and its other end is connected to an external separation tower. The separation tower is used for the final purification of the exhaust gas. The water mist formed by shearing (containing the reaction liquid after absorbing harmful gases and unreacted exhaust gas) is transported to the separation tower through the exhaust pipe 29. In the separation tower, it reacts with the corresponding treatment liquid to further absorb the exhaust gas and finally achieve the emission standard. The separated reaction liquid can also be recycled or used for subsequent treatment to ensure the integrity and environmental friendliness of the exhaust gas treatment.

[0031] In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "one side," "the other side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is conventionally placed during use. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] Furthermore, terms such as "identical" do not imply that components must be absolutely identical; minor differences are permissible. The term "perpendicular" simply means that the positional relationship between components is more perpendicular than "parallel," not that the structure must be perfectly perpendicular; a slight tilt is acceptable.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tail gas absorption device for chemical production, comprising an absorption tank (1) sealed at both ends and a plurality of filter plates (2) installed inside the absorption tank (1), characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (3) is connected to each of the top two sides of the absorption tank (1). The upper space inside the absorption tank (1) is divided by a partition (4) that is vertically fixed inside. Several layers of filter plates (2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the partition (4). A scraper (26) is slidably provided on the upper surface of the filter plate (2). The scraper (26) is normally set against the inner side wall of the absorption tank (1). A hollow dust suction plate (5) is vertically and elastically slidably installed inside the partition (4). Under normal conditions, the through hole (501) on the side wall of the dust suction plate (5) is connected to the partition ( 4) The perforations (401) on the sidewalls are completely staggered, and the perforations (401) are set against the upper surface of the filter plate (2); the top of the dust suction plate (5) is fixed with an inverted V-shaped transmission plate (6), and the dust outlet (502) of the dust suction plate (5) outside the absorption tank (1) is connected to the dust removal pump through the dust outlet hose (30); the air inlet pipe (3) is provided with a damping piston rod (7) on the sidewall near the top of the absorption tank (1). Under normal working conditions, the piston plate (8) of the damping piston rod (7) does not contact the transmission plate (6); It also includes a controller. When the filter plate (2) is blocked, the damping piston rod (7) slides further out of the air inlet pipe due to the increased pressure at the connection between the air inlet pipe and the absorption tank (1), and squeezes the transmission plate (6) so that the dust suction plate (5) moves down to the position where the perforation (401) and the through hole (501) are connected. At this time, the controller controls the scraper (26) to slide towards the partition (4), and when it slides to the set position, it controls the dust removal pump to start and concentrate the dust suction. A distance sensor (32) is fixed at the top of the absorption tank (1). The distance sensor (32) is used to detect the height of the transmission plate (6). When the height of the transmission plate (6) is at a set value, the controller controls the dust removal pump to start. The greater the drop in height of the transmission plate (6) detected by the distance sensor (32), the higher the rotational speed of the dust removal pump; The sidewall of the air intake pipe (3) protrudes outward to form a cylindrical platform (27). The piston plate (8) is coaxially installed in the cylindrical cavity of the cylindrical platform (27). A pressure plate (11) is fixed to the end of the damping piston rod (7) away from the piston plate (8). The pressure plate (11) is located outside the cylindrical platform (27). A first magnetic ring (10) is embedded in the bottom of the cylindrical cavity. A second magnetic ring (9) is embedded in the piston plate (8). The two magnetic rings repel each other, causing the pressure plate (11) to be tightly attached to the end face of the cylindrical platform (27).

2. The tail gas absorption device for chemical production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intake pipe (3) is also threaded with a pressure ring (12) coaxial with the damping piston rod (7). One end of the pressure ring (12) extends into the cylindrical cavity and contacts the piston plate (8).

3. The tail gas absorption device for chemical production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two filter plates (2) on the same layer are connected to a normally closed pipe (15) through a drainage hole (101). The normally closed pipe (15) is equipped with a pressure relief valve. When the pressure difference between the areas above the two corresponding filter plates (2) on the left and right sides of the partition (4) reaches the set value, the pressure relief valve opens, so that the areas above the two filter plates (2) at the same height are connected to each other.

4. The tail gas absorption device for chemical production according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure relief valve includes an enlarged pressure relief pipe section (16) fixed in the center of a normally closed pipe (15). The inner wall of the pressure relief pipe section (16) has a raised ring (20). Each side of the raised ring (20) has a mounting seat (17) that is suspended and fixed inside the pressure relief pipe section (16). A disc plug (19) is axially elastically slidably installed between the two mounting seats (17) through a spindle (31) and two conical springs (18). Under normal conditions, the disc plug (19) is in the position of sealing the inner hole of the raised ring (20). When the pressure difference between the two sides of the raised ring (20) reaches a set value, the disc plug (19) leaves the inner hole of the raised ring (20).

5. The tail gas absorption device for chemical production according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: A flat rectangular tube (21) is fixed at the bottom of the partition (4). The two ends of the flat rectangular tube (21) are fixedly connected to and sealed to the two opposite inner walls of the absorption tank (1). The left and right sides of the flat rectangular tube (21) each have several spray holes that spray the reaction liquid obliquely upward. The spray holes are arranged in a rectangular array on the surface of the flat rectangular tube (21).

6. The tail gas absorption device for chemical production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the flat rectangular tube (21) is fixed with a socket tube (22). The socket tube (22) is connected to a sliding rod (23) through a tension spring (36) and a pull rod (35) located in the tension spring (36). The bottom end of the sliding rod (23) is fixed with a shear column (24). The upper half of the cross-section of the shear column (24) is an isosceles trapezoid and the lower half is an isosceles triangle. The shear column (24) is set parallel to the flat rectangular tube (21) and its length is the same as that of the flat rectangular tube (21). The upper half of the flat rectangular tube (21) and the shear column (24) are all located in a constricted neck (102) in the middle of the absorption tank (1) to shear the gas-liquid mixture flowing through the gap (28) between the two sides of the shear column (24) and the inner wall of the constricted neck (102) into water mist. The bottom end of the flat rectangular tube (21) and the top of the socket tube (22) have a sliding hole (33) that communicates with each other. The piston column (34) fixed at the top of the pull rod (35) is vertically and slidably sealed in the sliding hole (33) so that when the water pressure in the flat rectangular tube (21) changes, the sliding rod (23) is at different height positions in the socket tube (22).

7. The tail gas absorption device for chemical production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom side of the absorption tank (1) has a horizontally extending exhaust pipe (29) for conveying the water mist formed by shearing to the separation tower.

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