A method for ecological restoration of water body based on mineral source inorganic material

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of water body full nutrition balanced ecological restoration method based on mineral source inorganic material, belong to water body ecological restoration technical field.This method sequentially through water body bottom mud whole domain sampling, full nutrition index detection analysis, restoration scheme customization planning, mineral source material selection compound, functional material pertinence modification, stage material precision dosing, dynamic monitoring and scheme optimization seven steps, select food-grade natural mineral source inorganic material, compound as four kinds of core materials according to function and carry out pertinence modification, adopt bottom mud-water body cooperation, stage dosing strategy, realize water body full nutrition precision balanced regulation, bottom mud in-situ activation and the synergistic effect of reconstruction of bacteria-algae symbiotic system.The application nutrition regulation precision, material utilization rate is high, restoration effect long-acting stable, and ecological safety, low cost, simple construction, can be widely applied to small micro river, landscape lake, pit pond, wetland and other types of nutrition imbalance, bottom mud anaerobic pollution release water body, suitable for large-scale promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water body ecological restoration technology, specifically a method for balanced ecological restoration of water bodies based on mineral-derived inorganic materials. Background Technology

[0002] The stable operation of aquatic ecosystems depends on the dynamic balance of basic nutrients and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, silicon, iron, and boron. When nutrient ratios are imbalanced or sediment is in an anaerobic state, eutrophication, blackening and odor, and algal imbalance can easily occur, disrupting the integrity of the aquatic ecosystem and ultimately leading to the complete loss of the water body's self-purification capacity. While current nutrient regulation and ecological restoration technologies in water remediation are applied, they still have many technical limitations and practical drawbacks, making it difficult to achieve long-term and stable remediation effects. Existing chemical nutrient regulators are mostly single-component formulations, only supplementing one type of nutrient in the water body, failing to achieve precise and balanced supplementation of all nutrients. This can easily lead to localized nutrient excess, causing secondary pollution problems such as osmotic pressure imbalance. The application of mineral materials in water remediation is mostly a single-application model, without customized compounding and modification treatment based on the actual nutrient deficiencies of the water body. This not only results in low material utilization but also an inability to match the actual needs of the water body, leading to large fluctuations and poor stability in remediation effects. Most remediation technologies suffer from a lack of focus, addressing only the surface improvement of water quality while neglecting the synergistic regulation of nutrients in the sediment and water body. The core issue of anaerobic pollution release from the sediment is not resolved at its root, leading to rapid pollution rebound after remediation. Furthermore, technologies such as exogenous bacterial inoculation and phytoremediation are significantly affected by environmental factors such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and hydrological conditions, resulting in high costs and long remediation cycles. They also cannot achieve simultaneous balanced nutrient regulation and ecosystem restoration, making large-scale application difficult in various natural water bodies.

[0003] Mineral-derived inorganic materials, such as dolomite, calcium-based minerals, silicon-based minerals, and potash minerals, possess natural advantages including wide availability, ecological safety, rich nutrient content, slow-release nutrient absorption, and low application costs. The calcium, magnesium, potassium, and silicon they contain are essential nutrients for the growth of aquatic bacteria and algae and for in-situ activation of bottom sediments. Therefore, developing a synergistic remediation method that uses mineral-derived inorganic materials as the core, through customized compounding, targeted modification, precise dosing, and full-process control, to achieve balanced nutrient levels in water bodies and the restoration of ecosystem stability, has become a core technological need urgently needing to be addressed in the field of water remediation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for ecological restoration of water bodies with balanced total nutrition based on mineral-derived inorganic materials, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for balanced ecological restoration of water bodies based on mineral-derived inorganic materials, the method is as follows: Step 1: Sampling of the entire bottom sediment of the water body To address the water bodies requiring remediation, a comprehensive, multi-point simultaneous sampling operation was conducted. The sampling points fully covered the upstream, midstream, and downstream areas of the water bodies, as well as areas with severe sediment accumulation. Three to five sampling points were evenly set up in each area, and water samples and surface sediment samples (0-20cm) were collected simultaneously at each point to ensure the representativeness and comprehensiveness of the samples and to provide a data foundation for subsequent testing and analysis. Step 2: Analysis of complete nutritional indicators The collected water and sediment samples were tested for all indicators. The water indicators included pH value, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential, total hardness, total alkalinity, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, potassium ions and trace elements such as silicon, iron and boron. The sediment indicators included oxidation-reduction potential, organic matter content, sulfide content and nutrient release rate. The indicators were quantitatively analyzed based on the test data. Step 3: Customized Repair Plan Based on the results of the total nutrient index test and analysis, the types and specific amounts of missing nutrients in the water body are accurately located, the actual pollution level and pollution release characteristics of the bottom sediment are clarified, and the specific restoration target values ​​of each index are determined in combination with the industry standards for water body ecological restoration. Based on the nutritional deficiencies and pollution problems, the compounding ratio, modification parameters and phased addition plan of mineral-derived inorganic materials are customized. Step 4: Selection and blending of mineral source materials Based on the customized remediation plan, food-grade natural mineral inorganic materials are selected as the core raw materials. They are divided into four categories of core compound materials according to their functions: sediment activation, nutrient balance, algal regulation, and bacterial and algal activation. They are customized and compounded according to the preset mass fraction ratio to ensure that the functional components of each material are accurately proportioned to meet the different remediation needs of water bodies and sediments. Step 5: Targeted modification of functional materials The four types of compounded mineral inorganic materials were subjected to targeted modification treatments. The sediment activation compound was modified with high temperature porous modification, the nutrient balance compound was modified with gradient mixing-pressing molding, the algal phase regulation compound was modified with biodegradable coating, and the bacteria and algae activation compound was modified with porous composite modification. After modification, the preset particle size range of each type of material was controlled to improve the material utilization rate and nutrient slow release performance. Step 6: Precise addition of materials in stages A sediment-water synergistic addition strategy was adopted, and various modified functional materials were precisely added in the order of sediment in-situ activation period, basic nutrient balance period, bacterial and algal activation and algal community regulation period, and long-term maintenance period. The amount, method, location and cycle of material addition were determined according to the remediation goals of different stages to achieve phased balanced regulation of total nutrition. Step 7: Dynamic Monitoring and Solution Optimization Fixed monitoring points are set up throughout the restoration process, and various indicators of the water and sediment are continuously monitored according to the preset cycle. The amount of materials added, the addition cycle and modification parameters are dynamically optimized based on the real-time monitoring results, and the restoration strategy is adjusted in a timely manner to ensure that various indicators of the water and sediment gradually reach the preset restoration target values ​​and achieve long-term ecological restoration.

[0006] Priority: In step 2, the water sample testing must be completed within 2 hours after sampling. The sediment sample must be freeze-dried before index testing. The testing process uses the national standard method for quantitative analysis. The oxidation-reduction potential and dissolved oxygen index are obtained by combining in-situ testing and laboratory testing to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the test data. The deviation of the test data must be controlled within 5%.

[0007] Prioritize: When setting restoration target values ​​in step 3, adjustments should be made based on the type and function of the water body to be restored. The transparency of landscape lakes and reservoirs should be included in the restoration target. For small rivers, restoration requirements for flow velocity and turbidity should be added. For wetlands, the control target for microbial community diversity should be strengthened to ensure that the restoration plan is compatible with the actual functional needs of the water body.

[0008] Preferred: In step 4, the bottom sediment activation compound material is compounded as follows: 40-60% dolomite powder, 20-30% calcium-based activator, 10-20% potential regulator, and 5-10% trace elements; the nutrient-balanced compound material is compounded as follows: 50-70% dolomite powder, 15-25% magnesium chloride, 5-10% calcium-magnesium chelating agent, and 5-10% buffer; the algal phase regulation compound material is compounded as follows: 60-80% potassium chloride, 10-20% carbon source carrier, and 10-15% osmotic pressure regulator; the bacterial and algal activation compound material is compounded as follows: 30-40% silicate, 15-20% iron salt, 10-15% borate, and 20-30% magnesium-based carrier. All materials are mixed uniformly using a three-dimensional mixer for at least 30 minutes.

[0009] Preferred: In step 5, the calcination temperature for high-temperature porous modification is controlled at 300-500℃, and the holding time is 2-3 hours; the low-temperature drying temperature for gradient mixing-pressing modification is 100-120℃, and the drying time is 1-2 hours; the coating thickness for biodegradable coating modification is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the coating process is used; the porosity of porous composite modified materials is controlled at 30-50%, and the particle size deviation of various modified materials is controlled within ±0.5 mm within the preset range after sieving.

[0010] Prioritize: In step 6, the dosage during the in-situ activation of the bottom sediment is 0.5-1.2 kg / m², which is placed 5-10 cm above the surface of the bottom sediment; during the basic nutrient balance period, the dosage is 0.3-0.6 kg / m², which is added in two separate applications with a 7-day interval; during the bacterial and algal activation and algal phase regulation period, the density of the bacterial and algal activation material is 0.2-0.4 kg / m², and the algal phase regulation material is placed at one application point every 5-8 m, with 1-2 kg applied at each point; during the long-term maintenance period, 5-10% of the initial dosage of material is added every 2-3 weeks, and 30% of the initial dosage of bottom sediment activation material is added once each in spring and autumn of each year.

[0011] Prioritize: In step 7, test various water indicators once a week and various sediment indicators once a month, and form a dynamic database based on the monitoring data; if a certain nutrient element is excessive, immediately reduce the amount of the corresponding material added; if the redox potential of the sediment decreases, replenish the sediment activation material in time; if cyanobacteria rebound, increase the density of algal regulation material placement points; after the remediation reaches the standard, continuous monitoring is still required, and the monitoring cycle is adjusted to once a month to consolidate the remediation effect.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This technical solution uses food-grade mineral-derived inorganic materials as its core, achieving a synergistic effect of balanced nutrient regulation and ecosystem stability reconstruction through a seven-step standardized remediation process. Its technological advantages and remediation effects are outstanding. First, the precision of nutrient regulation is significantly improved. Through comprehensive sampling and full-index testing, the nutrient deficiencies in the water body are accurately located. Customized compounding of four types of functional materials ensures balanced supplementation of nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, and silicon, completely solving the nutrient imbalance problem caused by single-nutrient application in existing technologies. Second, material utilization efficiency is significantly improved. Targeted modification treatment precisely controls the nutrient release rate, dynamically matching nutrient release with water body needs, avoiding nutrient waste and secondary pollution. Material utilization is more than 60% higher than traditional mineral-derived materials. Third, it achieves synergistic and long-term remediation of sediment and water. The phased addition process first blocks anaerobic pollution release from the sediment, then gradually supplements nutrients and activates bacteria and algae, fundamentally solving the problem of pollution rebound. After remediation, various water indicators can stably meet standards for a long period. Fourth, it boasts high ecological safety. All materials are food-grade natural mineral inorganic materials, causing no secondary pollution. It can selectively activate beneficial local bacteria and algae, protect the original aquatic ecosystem, and promote natural restoration. Fifth, it offers low construction and application costs. Mineral materials are widely available, the application process is simple and requires no complex equipment, and it can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual conditions of the water body. The project scale is small, the construction period is short, and it is suitable for large-scale application in various water bodies such as small rivers, landscape lakes and reservoirs, ponds, and wetlands. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0016] This invention provides a technical solution: A method for balanced ecological restoration of water bodies based on mineral-derived inorganic materials This invention focuses on two typical types of natural water bodies—small rivers and scenic lakes / reservoirs—characterized by nutrient imbalance and anaerobic sediment release. It strictly adheres to the core process of: comprehensive nutrient diagnosis of the water body and sediment; selection, compounding, and modification of mineral-derived inorganic materials; phased, precise addition and nutrient regulation; and monitoring and dynamic optimization of remediation effects. All mineral-derived inorganic materials are food-grade natural minerals. Compounding and modification parameters are strictly implemented within the scope defined in the claims. During the remediation process, the dosage and cycle are dynamically adjusted based on the actual conditions of the water body, ultimately achieving a synergistic effect of balanced nutrient levels in the water body, in-situ activation of the sediment, and reconstruction of the algal-microbe symbiotic system. The following are specific implementation examples; these examples are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0017] Example 1: Ecological Restoration of Landscape Lakes and Reservoirs 1. Basic information about the water body to be restored A scenic lake in a city has a water area of ​​5000 m² and an average depth of 1.2 m. The area surrounding the lake is a residential recreational area. The lake has long suffered from nutrient imbalance, severe sediment buildup, and low water transparency, making it prone to blue-green algae blooms in summer. Before restoration, a comprehensive test of the water and sediment was conducted, and all key indicators failed to meet standards. Specific test data are as follows: Water quality indicators: DO=2.8mg / L, ORP=80mV, total hardness=180mg / L, total alkalinity=90mg / L, ammonia nitrogen=1.8mg / L, total phosphorus=0.25mg / L, pH=6.5, and the contents of trace elements such as silicon, iron, and boron are all more than 50% lower than the target values; Sediment indicators: Top 0-20cm sediment ORP=60mV, organic matter content=7.5%, sulfide content=0.6g / kg, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient release rate is 0.08g / (m²・d), the anaerobic release of pollutants from the sediment is prominent.

[0018] 2. Total trophic level diagnosis of water body and sediment Five sampling points were set up in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the lake and reservoir, and five additional sampling points were set up in the central area of ​​the lake and reservoir with severe sediment accumulation, for a total of 15 sampling points. Water samples and surface sediment samples (0-20cm) were collected at each point simultaneously.

[0019] Water samples were pretreated within 2 hours of sampling and quantitatively analyzed using the national standard method. DO and ORP indicators were verified by both in-situ and laboratory testing. Sediment samples were freeze-dried and then tested for organic matter, sulfide content, and nutrient release rate. All test data deviations were controlled within 5%.

[0020] Based on the test results, the nutrient deficiency of the lake was accurately identified as a lack of calcium, magnesium, silicon, and iron. The sediment had accumulated sulfides and continuously released nutrients due to long-term anaerobic conditions. Considering the intended use of the lake as a scenic area, a water transparency of ≥80cm was included as a restoration target. The core restoration indicators were determined as follows: water DO ≥5mg / L, ORP ≥150mV, pH 7.0-8.5, total hardness 240-600mg / L, total alkalinity 120-180mg / L, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.5mg / L, total phosphorus ≤0.05mg / L; sediment ORP ≥100mV, organic matter content ≤5%, sulfide content ≤0.2g / kg.

[0021] 3. Selection, compounding, and modification of mineral-derived inorganic materials Based on the nutritional diagnosis results, food-grade dolomite powder, potassium chloride, diatomaceous earth, ferrous sulfate, and other natural mineral-derived inorganic materials were selected and categorized into four core compound materials according to their functions. These materials were uniformly mixed using a three-dimensional mixer for at least 30 minutes and then subjected to targeted modification treatments. After modification, the materials were sieved, and the particle size deviation was controlled within a preset range of ±0.5 mm. Specific parameters are as follows: 3.1 Substrate activation compound materials Compound ratio (mass fraction): 50% dolomite powder, 25% calcium-based activator (calcium oxide + calcium hydroxide), 15% potentiometer (potassium permanganate + calcium peroxide), and 10% trace elements (iron salts + borates). Modification treatment: High temperature porous modification, the mixed material is fed into a calcination furnace, calcined at 400℃ and kept at that temperature for 2.5h, cooled and then crushed and sieved to control the particle size of 0.5-2mm. After modification, a continuous and interconnected porous structure is formed on the surface of the material.

[0022] 3.2 Nutritionally Balanced Compound Ingredients Compound ratio (mass fraction): Dolomite powder 60%, magnesium chloride 20%, calcium-magnesium chelating agent (EDTA-2Na) 10%, buffer (sodium bicarbonate) 10%; Modification treatment: Gradient mixing-pressing modification. First, mix dolomite powder and buffer evenly, then add magnesium chloride and calcium magnesium chelating agent and stir in a gradient. After pressing and molding, place in a drying oven at 110℃ for 1.5h and sieve to control the particle size to 3-5mm.

[0023] 3.3 Algal Phase Regulation Composite Materials Compound ratio (mass fraction): potassium chloride 70%, carbon source carrier (corn starch + glucose) 15%, osmotic pressure regulator (magnesium sulfate) 15%; Modification treatment: biodegradable coating modification, using starch-based biodegradable material as coating, the mixed material is coated using a spray coating process, the coating thickness is controlled at 0.15mm, the particle size after sieving is 1-3mm, and gradient slow-release channels are set on the coating surface.

[0024] 3.4 Algae and Bacterial Activation Compound Materials Compound ratio (mass fraction): Silicate (diatomaceous earth) 35%, iron salt (ferrous sulfate) 18%, borate (boric acid) 12%, magnesium-based carrier (magnesium oxide) 35%; Modification treatment: Porous composite modification, after the magnesium-based carrier is crushed, it is mixed with other materials, an appropriate amount of deionized water is added and stirred into a paste, after granulation, it is subjected to porous treatment to control the porosity of 40%, and after drying at a low temperature of 105℃, it is sieved to a particle size of 2-4mm.

[0025] 4. Precise addition of mineral materials in stages and regulation of total nutrition A phased, synergistic approach of sediment and water body was adopted to sequentially complete four stages of remediation: in-situ sediment activation, basic nutrient balancing, bacterial and algal activation and algal community regulation, and long-term maintenance. The addition methods, dosages, and control requirements for each stage are as follows: 4.1 In-situ activation period of sediment (1.5 weeks) Core objective: To activate sediment, block anaerobic pollution release, and increase sediment ORP to ≥100mV; Addition method: Using a deep sediment delivery device, the sediment activation compound material is accurately delivered to a depth of 8cm in the sediment surface, with an addition rate of 0.8kg / m². Control effect: On the 3rd day after addition, the ORP of the bottom sediment rose to 85mV and on the 7th day, it rose to 110mV, reaching the stage target. The sulfide content of the bottom sediment decreased to 0.35g / kg and the nutrient release rate decreased to 0.02g / (m²・d).

[0026] 4.2 Basic Nutrition Balance Period (3.5 weeks) Core objective: To supplement basic calcium and magnesium nutrients, and to regulate total hardness, total alkalinity, and pH to the target range; Dosing method: The nutrient-balanced compound material is packaged in a 0.25mm mesh bag and evenly placed at the bottom of the water body (25cm away from the bottom sediment). The dosage is 0.4kg / m², and it is added in 2 times with an interval of 7 days. Control effect: Water indicators were tested weekly. By the third week, the total hardness of the water increased to 320 mg / L, the total alkalinity increased to 150 mg / L, and the pH stabilized at 7.8, all within the target range, and the basic nutrients of the water were balanced.

[0027] 4.3 Period of bacterial and algal activation and algal community regulation (5 weeks) Core objective: To selectively activate native diatoms and green algae, inhibit cyanobacteria, increase water DO to ≥5mg / L, and construct a symbiotic system of bacteria and algae; Dosing method: Spread the algae and bacteria activation compound material evenly in the upper layer of the water (80cm from the water surface) at a density of 0.3kg / m²; At the same time, on the north and west banks of the lake and reservoir where blue-green algae are prone to occur, place the algae regulation compound material in a dotted pattern at a density of 1 dosing point every 6m, and dosing 1.5kg at each dosing point. Control effects: Week 4 monitoring showed that DO in the water increased to 5.3 mg / L, and cyanobacteria density decreased to 8 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The number of algae per liter increased to 65%, the proportion of diatoms and green algae increased to 65%, the algal community structure was optimized, and the water transparency increased to 75cm.

[0028] 4.4 Long-term maintenance period (ongoing) Core objectives: To maintain total nutrient balance in water bodies, consolidate remediation effects, and prevent pollution rebound; Dosage method: Test the core indicators of water and sediment every 2.5 weeks. Based on the changes in trace element content, supplement the corresponding compound material in trace amounts, with the supplement amount being 8% of the initial dosage. Supplement the sediment activation compound material once each in spring (March-April) and autumn (September-October), with the dosage being 30% of the initial dosage. Supplementary measures: Regularly clean up debris and floating algae on the surface of lakes and reservoirs to prevent compound materials from being covered and to ensure the normal slow release of nutrients.

[0029] 5. Monitoring and Dynamic Optimization of Repair Results Five fixed monitoring points were set up in the upstream, midstream, downstream and central areas of the lake and reservoir. Water indicators were tested once a week and sediment indicators were tested once a month. All monitoring data were compiled into a dynamic database, and the remediation parameters were fine-tuned based on the test results. In the second month of remediation, the silicon content in the southern part of the lake and reservoir was found to be slightly low. The bacterial and algal activation compound material was added in time (the amount added was 3% of the initial amount). One week later, the silicon content returned to the target range.

[0030] Six months after remediation, all indicators of the water and sediment have stably met the remediation targets. Specific data for compliance are as follows: Water quality indicators: DO=5.8mg / L, ORP=165mV, ammonia nitrogen=0.4mg / L, total phosphorus=0.04mg / L, total hardness=380mg / L, total alkalinity=160mg / L, pH=7.9, the content of trace elements such as silicon, iron and boron is within the target range, and the water transparency has been improved to 90cm; Sediment parameters: ORP=120mV, organic matter content=4.2%, sulfide content=0.15g / kg, nutrient release rate reduced to 0.005g / (m²・d); Ecological effects: There was no rebound in cyanobacteria in the water, diatoms and green algae were the dominant algal species, the number of native aquatic microorganisms and small aquatic organisms increased significantly, the bacterial-algae symbiotic system was stable, and the water body's self-purification capacity was greatly improved.

[0031] Example 2: Ecological Restoration of Small Rivers 1. Basic information about the water body to be restored A small river in a suburban area, 1000m long, 6-8m wide, and 1.0m deep on average, has a slow flow and has long received domestic sewage and initial rainwater runoff. It suffers from nutrient imbalance, anaerobic sediment release of pollutants, and high turbidity. The key monitoring indicators before remediation are as follows: Water quality indicators: DO=3.2mg / L, ORP=90mV, total hardness=200mg / L, total alkalinity=100mg / L, ammonia nitrogen=1.5mg / L, total phosphorus=0.2mg / L, turbidity=60NTU, potassium and silicon content is low; Sediment parameters: Top 0-20cm sediment ORP=70mV, organic matter content=6.8%, sulfide content=0.45g / kg, nitrogen and phosphorus release rate=0.06g / (m²・d).

[0032] Based on the functional use of small waterways, the remediation targets are included in water turbidity ≤20 NTU and flow velocity appropriate to 0.1-0.3 m / s, while the target values ​​of other core indicators are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0033] 2. Total trophic level diagnosis of water body and sediment Three sampling points were set up in each of the upstream, midstream and downstream sections of the river, and three additional sampling points were set up in the river bends where bottom sediment was deposited, for a total of 12 sampling points. Water and bottom sediment samples were collected simultaneously, and the detection methods and data deviation control requirements were the same as in Example 1.

[0034] The test results showed that the river channel was deficient in potassium, silicon, and calcium, with moderate anaerobic conditions in the sediment and high water turbidity leading to insufficient light, which limited the growth of beneficial algae. A personalized remediation plan was determined: appropriately increase the density of algal community regulation compound materials, shorten the basic nutrient balance period, and adjust the material addition method to suit the river's flow characteristics.

[0035] 3. Selection, compounding, and modification of mineral-derived inorganic materials The same food-grade mineral-derived inorganic materials as in Example 1 were selected. The compounding ratio, modification process and particle size control of the four types of core compound materials were the same as in Example 1. Only the proportion of silicate in the bacterial-algae activated compound material was slightly adjusted to 40% and the proportion of potassium chloride in the algae-phase regulation compound material was slightly adjusted to 75% to ensure precise replenishment of potassium and silicon elements, based on the nutritional deficiencies in the river channel.

[0036] 4. Precise addition of mineral materials in stages and regulation of total nutrition Considering the linear distribution and certain flow characteristics of small rivers, the amount, cycle, and density of materials added were adjusted, and a "segmented addition, downstream deployment" approach was adopted. The specific parameters for each stage are as follows: 4.1 In-situ activation period of sediment (1 week) The dosage of the activated compound material for bottom sediment was 0.7 kg / m², and it was delivered to the bottom sediment surface 7 cm deep using a deep delivery device. On the 7th day after delivery, the ORP of the bottom sediment increased to 105 mV, reaching the stage target, and the nutrient release rate decreased to 0.015 g / (m²・d).

[0037] 4.2 Basic Nutrition Balance Period (3 weeks) The nutritionally balanced compound material was packaged in a 0.2mm mesh bag and evenly placed into the bottom of the river downstream at a dosage of 0.35kg / m², added in two doses (7 days apart). In the third week, the total hardness of the water increased to 280mg / L, the total alkalinity increased to 130mg / L, the pH stabilized at 7.6, and the turbidity decreased to 30NTU.

[0038] 4.3 Period of bacterial and algal activation and algal community regulation (4 weeks) The algae-activating compound was spread evenly in the upper and middle layers of the river channel at a density of 0.25 kg / m². One application point for the algae-regulating compound was placed every 7 m along the river's course, with 1.2 kg applied at each point. Application points were preferentially placed in river bends and slow-flowing areas. In the fourth week, the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water increased to 5.5 mg / L, and the cyanobacteria density decreased to 7 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The number of algae / L increased to 62%, and the turbidity decreased to 18 NTU.

[0039] 4.4 Long-term maintenance period (ongoing) Water and sediment indicators are tested every two weeks. Based on the test results, a small amount of compound material is added, which is 7% of the initial amount. Sediment activation compound material is added once each in spring and autumn, which is 30% of the initial amount. River silt and aquatic weeds are cleaned regularly to ensure smooth water flow and nutrient release from the materials.

[0040] 5. Monitoring and Dynamic Optimization of Repair Results Four fixed monitoring points were set up along the upstream, midstream and downstream of the river. The monitoring frequency of "weekly water body measurement and monthly bottom sediment measurement" was strictly implemented. The material placement location was dynamically adjusted according to the changes in river flow: In the first month of restoration, the river flow velocity increased slightly due to rainfall. In time, additional algae regulation compound material placement points were set up in the downstream of the river (1 point every 5m) to prevent blue-green algae from accumulating with the water flow.

[0041] Four weeks after remediation, the core pollutant indicators in the water body first met the standards: DO ≥ 5.5 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 0.45 mg / L, and total phosphorus ≤ 0.03 mg / L; seven months after remediation, all indicators consistently met the standards. Specific results: Water quality indicators: DO=6.0mg / L, ORP=170mV, total hardness=320mg / L, total alkalinity=140mg / L, ammonia nitrogen=0.4mg / L, total phosphorus=0.02mg / L, turbidity=15NTU, water transparency≥85cm; Sediment parameters: ORP=115mV, organic matter content=4.5%, sulfide content=0.18g / kg, nutrient release rate is basically stable; Ecological effects: The river algal community structure is stable, native aquatic plants (calamus and reeds) germinate naturally, the number of small benthic organisms and fish increases, the river ecosystem is basically restored, and the self-purification capacity meets the daily water quality maintenance needs.

[0042] Example 3: Ecological Restoration of Rural Ponds and Reservoirs (Extended Example) 1. Basic information about the water body to be restored A rural pond, with a water area of ​​800 m² and an average depth of 0.8 m, is mainly used for farmland irrigation and rural landscaping. It has long suffered from eutrophication, accumulation of organic matter in the bottom sediment, and black and smelly water in summer. Before remediation, the DO was 2.5 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen was 2.0 mg / L, total phosphorus was 0.3 mg / L, the bottom sediment ORP was 50 mV, and the organic matter content was 8.0%.

[0043] 2. Adjustment of core repair parameters Based on the characteristics of small pond area, shallow water depth, and still water, the dosage of compound materials was adjusted as follows: 1.0 kg / m² for bottom sediment activation compound material, 0.5 kg / m² for nutrient balance compound material, 0.4 kg / m² for bacteria and algae activation compound material, and one application point for algae regulation compound material every 5 m.

[0044] The remediation cycle has been adjusted to: 2 weeks for in-situ activation of bottom sediment, 3 weeks for basic nutrient balancing, and 4 weeks for bacterial and algal activation and algal community regulation.

[0045] 3. Repair effect Five months after restoration, the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the pond increased to 5.6 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen decreased to 0.48 mg / L, total phosphorus decreased to 0.045 mg / L, bottom sediment ORP increased to 105 mV, and organic matter content decreased to 4.8%. The black and odorous water phenomenon was completely eliminated, and the transparency increased to 82 cm. Aquatic plants such as duckweed and water lilies naturally grew in the pond, forming a stable small ecosystem that meets the needs of farmland irrigation and landscaping.

[0046] The innovations of this invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. An innovative system for the complete nutrient compounding of mineral-derived inorganic materials has been constructed. Four types of functional materials are customized to address the nutritional deficiencies in water bodies, achieving precise and balanced supplementation of nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, silicon, iron, and boron, thus solving the problems of single nutrient delivery and nutrient imbalance in existing technologies. 2. Targeted modification treatments are carried out on various mineral materials (porous modification, gradient pressing molding, biodegradable coating modification) to precisely control the nutrient release rate, improve material utilization, achieve dynamic matching between nutrient release and water demand, and avoid nutrient waste and secondary pollution; 3. The process of “sediment-water synergy and phased addition” is adopted. First, the sediment is activated to block the release of pollutants, then basic nutrients are added, and finally bacteria and algae are activated to optimize the ecology. This achieves the synergistic effect of sediment activation, nutrient regulation and ecological restoration, and solves the problem of water pollution and nutrient imbalance from the root. 4. An innovative dynamic monitoring and optimization mechanism is adopted, which combines water body and sediment indicators to adjust material addition parameters in real time, ensuring long-term stability of the remediation effect, avoiding the drawbacks of "one-time addition and forgetting" remediation, and adapting to various types of nutrient-imbalanced water bodies; 5. All materials are food-grade mineral-derived inorganic materials, which are ecologically safe, do not cause secondary pollution, are widely available, have low cost, have simple process steps, do not require complicated equipment, are highly replicable, and are suitable for large-scale application in the remediation of various water bodies.

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or basic characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of water bodies with balanced total nutrition based on mineral-derived inorganic materials, characterized in that: The method is as follows: Step 1: Sampling of the entire bottom sediment of the water body To address the water bodies requiring remediation, a comprehensive, multi-point simultaneous sampling operation was conducted. The sampling points fully covered the upstream, midstream, and downstream areas of the water bodies, as well as areas with severe sediment accumulation. Three to five sampling points were evenly set up in each area, and water samples and surface sediment samples (0-20cm) were collected simultaneously at each point to ensure the representativeness and comprehensiveness of the samples and to provide a data foundation for subsequent testing and analysis. Step 2: Analysis of complete nutritional indicators The collected water and sediment samples were tested for all indicators. The water indicators included pH value, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential, total hardness, total alkalinity, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, potassium ions and trace elements such as silicon, iron and boron. The sediment indicators included oxidation-reduction potential, organic matter content, sulfide content and nutrient release rate. The indicators were quantitatively analyzed based on the test data. Step 3: Customized Repair Plan Based on the results of the total nutrient index test and analysis, the types and specific amounts of missing nutrients in the water body are accurately located, the actual pollution level and pollution release characteristics of the bottom sediment are clarified, and the specific restoration target values ​​of each index are determined in combination with the industry standards for water body ecological restoration. Based on the nutritional deficiencies and pollution problems, the compounding ratio, modification parameters and phased addition plan of mineral-derived inorganic materials are customized. Step 4: Selection and blending of mineral source materials Based on the customized remediation plan, food-grade natural mineral inorganic materials are selected as the core raw materials. They are divided into four categories of core compound materials according to their functions: sediment activation, nutrient balance, algal regulation, and bacterial and algal activation. They are customized and compounded according to the preset mass fraction ratio to ensure that the functional components of each material are accurately proportioned to meet the different remediation needs of water bodies and sediments. The bottom sediment activation compound material is composed of 40-60% dolomite powder, 20-30% calcium-based activator, 10-20% potential regulator, and 5-10% trace elements; the nutrient-balanced compound material is composed of 50-70% dolomite powder, 15-25% magnesium chloride, 5-10% calcium-magnesium chelating agent, and 5-10% buffer; the algal phase regulation compound material is composed of 60-80% potassium chloride, 10-20% carbon source carrier, and 10-15% osmotic pressure regulator; and the bacterial and algal activation compound material is composed of 30-40% silicate, 15-20% iron salt, 10-15% borate, and 20-30% magnesium-based carrier. All materials are mixed uniformly using a three-dimensional mixer for at least 30 minutes. The sum of the percentages of each component in the above four compound materials is 100%; Step 5: Targeted modification of functional materials The four types of compounded mineral inorganic materials were subjected to targeted modification treatments. The sediment activation compound was modified with high temperature porous modification, the nutrient balance compound was modified with gradient mixing-pressing molding, the algal phase regulation compound was modified with biodegradable coating, and the bacteria and algae activation compound was modified with porous composite modification. After modification, the preset particle size range of each type of material was controlled to improve the material utilization rate and nutrient slow release performance. Step 6: Precise addition of materials in stages A sediment-water synergistic addition strategy was adopted, and various modified functional materials were precisely added in the order of sediment in-situ activation period, basic nutrient balance period, bacterial and algal activation and algal community regulation period, and long-term maintenance period. The amount, method, location and cycle of material addition were determined according to the remediation goals of different stages to achieve phased balanced regulation of total nutrition. Step 7: Dynamic Monitoring and Solution Optimization Fixed monitoring points are set up throughout the restoration process, and various indicators of the water and sediment are continuously monitored according to the preset cycle. The amount of materials added, the addition cycle and modification parameters are dynamically optimized based on the real-time monitoring results, and the restoration strategy is adjusted in a timely manner to ensure that various indicators of the water and sediment gradually reach the preset restoration target values ​​and achieve long-term ecological restoration.

2. The method for ecological restoration of water bodies based on mineral-derived inorganic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the water samples must be pretreated within 2 hours of sampling. The sediment samples must be freeze-dried before the index testing is carried out. The national standard method is used for quantitative analysis. The oxidation-reduction potential and dissolved oxygen index are obtained by combining in-situ detection and laboratory detection to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the test data. The deviation of the test data must be controlled within 5%.

3. The method for balanced ecological restoration of water bodies based on mineral-derived inorganic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: When setting restoration target values ​​in step 3, it is necessary to make fine adjustments based on the type and function of the water body to be restored. The transparency of landscape lakes and reservoirs should be included in the restoration target. For small rivers, restoration requirements for flow velocity and turbidity should be added. For wetlands, the control target for microbial community diversity should be strengthened so that the restoration plan is compatible with the actual functional needs of the water body.

4. The method for ecological restoration of water bodies based on mineral-derived inorganic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the calcination temperature for high-temperature porous modification is controlled at 300-500℃, and the holding time is 2-3 hours; the low-temperature drying temperature for gradient mixing-pressing modification is 100-120℃, and the drying time is 1-2 hours; the coating thickness for biodegradable coating modification is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the coating process is used; the porosity of porous composite modified materials is controlled at 30-50%, and the particle size deviation of various modified materials is controlled within ±0.5 mm within the preset range after sieving.

5. The method for balanced ecological restoration of water bodies based on mineral-derived inorganic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the dosage for in-situ activation of the bottom sediment is 0.5-1.2 kg / m², which is placed 5-10 cm above the surface of the sediment. During the basic nutrient balance period, the dosage is 0.3-0.6 kg / m², which is added in two separate applications with a 7-day interval. During the algal activation and algal phase regulation period, the density of the algal activation material is 0.2-0.4 kg / m², and the algal phase regulation material is placed at one application point every 5-8 m, with 1-2 kg applied at each point. During the long-term maintenance period, 5-10% of the initial dosage of material is added every 2-3 weeks, and 30% of the initial dosage of bottom sediment activation material is added once each in spring and autumn.

6. The method for ecological restoration of water bodies based on mineral-derived inorganic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7, various water indicators are tested weekly and various sediment indicators are tested monthly. The monitoring data forms a dynamic database. If a certain nutrient element is excessive, the corresponding material dosage is immediately reduced. If the redox potential of the sediment decreases, sediment activation material is added in time. If cyanobacteria rebound, the density of algal regulation material is increased. After the restoration reaches the standard, continuous monitoring is still required. The monitoring cycle is adjusted to once a month to consolidate the restoration effect.

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