A method for extracting metal materials from high-alumina fly ash

Abstract

This invention provides a method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash, relating to the field of metal material recycling technology. The method includes the following steps: Step S1, raw material pretreatment, drying and grinding the high-alumina fly ash to obtain pretreated high-alumina fly ash; Step S2, calcination treatment, mixing the pretreated high-alumina fly ash with a sintering agent and calcining to obtain a sintered product; Step S3, leaching treatment, mixing the sintered product with a 0.1 mol / L oxalic acid solution, leaching, and filtering to obtain a filtrate and residue; Step S4, primary separation; Step S5, secondary separation; Step S6, metal extraction. By utilizing the sintering process, the glassy phase structure in the fly ash is destroyed, releasing the encapsulated lithium, thereby achieving efficient separation of different materials in the fly ash, precise extraction and enrichment of lithium, and facilitating the recycling of lithium materials from solid waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal material recycling technology, and in particular to a method for extracting metal materials from high-alumina fly ash. Background Technology

[0002] High-alumina fly ash, as a byproduct of coal-fired power plants, contains abundant aluminum, lithium, gallium, and rare earth elements, making it a potential alternative resource. However, these elements mainly exist in the glassy phase in high-alumina fly ash, and direct leaching treatment can easily lead to the waste of some valuable metal materials. Further research is needed on how to effectively extract lithium materials from high-alumina fly ash.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash, solving the problem in related technologies where the effective extraction of lithium materials from high-alumina fly ash requires further research.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1, raw material pretreatment: dry and grind the high-alumina fly ash to obtain pretreated high-alumina fly ash;

[0007] Step S2, calcination treatment: pretreated high-alumina fly ash is mixed with sintering agent and calcined to obtain sintered product;

[0008] Step S3, leaching treatment: The sintered product is mixed with 0.1 mol / L oxalic acid solution, leached and filtered through a leaching device to obtain filtrate and residue;

[0009] Step S4: Separate once. Slowly add 2 mol / L ammonia water to the filtrate, stir continuously, adjust the pH to 5.5, filter, and obtain aluminum hydroxide and filtrate one.

[0010] Step S5, secondary separation: add ammonia to filtrate one, adjust the pH, and after standing and filtration, obtain gallium hydroxide and filtrate two;

[0011] Step S6, metal extraction: Sodium phosphate is added to filtrate two, and after stirring and filtration, lithium phosphate is obtained.

[0012] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps:

[0013] Step S31: The residue obtained in step S3 is calcined, dissolved in 0.01 mol / L hydrochloric acid, purified by adding 1.3 g / L ammonium fluoride, filtered, and calcium fluoride and filtrate are obtained.

[0014] Step S32: Add ammonia to filtrate three to adjust the pH to 10.5. After filtration, rare earth element precipitate is obtained.

[0015] Step S33: Calcining the rare earth element precipitate to obtain rare earth oxides.

[0016] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps:

[0017] Step S41: Wash aluminum hydroxide twice with deionized water to remove surface impurity ions, and then calcine to obtain aluminum oxide.

[0018] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps:

[0019] In step S51, gallium hydroxide is calcined, washed, and dried sequentially to obtain gallium oxide.

[0020] Preferably, in step S1, the high-alumina fly ash is ground and then passed through a 300-mesh sieve.

[0021] Preferably, the sintering agent comprises sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate, and the pretreated high-alumina fly ash is mixed with sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:0.45:1.46.

[0022] Preferably, the leaching temperature in step S3 is 30°C.

[0023] Preferably, the calcination temperature in step S31 is 1000℃ and the calcination time is 4h;

[0024] In step S33, the calcination temperature is 800℃ and the calcination time is 1 hour.

[0025] Preferably, the calcination temperature in step S41 is 550°C and the calcination time is 2 hours.

[0026] Preferably, the calcination temperature in step S51 is 400°C and the calcination time is 50 min.

[0027] Compared with related technologies, the method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] By using a sintering process, the glass phase structure in fly ash is destroyed, releasing the encapsulated lithium, thereby achieving efficient separation of different materials in fly ash, precise extraction and enrichment of lithium, and facilitating the recycling of lithium materials from solid waste. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 A system flow diagram of a method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A three-dimensional view of a first embodiment of the leaching apparatus provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the three-dimensional structural distribution of the pumping assembly.

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section AA shown;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the connection between the first and second switching valve sleeves. Figure 5 (a) in the figure is a cross-sectional view of the connection part of the second switching valve sleeve. Figure 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the first switching valve sleeve connection part;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The diagram shown illustrates the structure of a centrifugal pump adjusted to its operating state. Figure 6 (a) in the diagram is the state diagram of the second switching valve sleeve under the feeding mode. Figure 6 (b) in the diagram is the state diagram of the first switching valve sleeve under the feeding mode. Figure 6 (c) in the diagram is the state diagram of the second switching valve sleeve in the discharge mode. Figure 6 (d) in the diagram represents the state of the first switching valve sleeve under the discharge mode;

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 2 The left view of the entire structure shown;

[0037] Figure 8 A three-dimensional view of a second embodiment of the leaching apparatus provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows a front view of the connection structure of the connecting component section. Among them, Figure 9Image (a) is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of the connecting component. Figure 9 (b) in the middle is Figure 9 A magnified view of part (a) in the diagram;

[0039] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional section of BB shown;

[0040] Figure 11 for Figure 9 The diagram shown illustrates the principle of a centrifugal pump switching to feeding mode. Figure 11 (a) shows the state of the swing arm when the centrifugal pump is in standby mode. Figure 11 (b) in the diagram shows the state of the swing arm during the centrifugal pump's state switching process. Figure 11 (c) in the diagram shows the state of the swing arm when the centrifugal pump switches to feeding mode;

[0041] Figure 12 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the state of the swing arm when the centrifugal pump switches to discharge mode.

[0042] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0043] 1. Frame; 11. Support frame;

[0044] 2. Leaching tank; 21. Feed pipe; 22. Stirring rod; 23. Exhaust pipe;

[0045] 3. Stand;

[0046] 4. Drive assembly; 41. First drive component; 42. Drive wheel; 43. Driven wheel; 44. Timing belt;

[0047] 5. Pumping assembly; 51. Centrifugal pump; 511. Second drive unit; 52. Pull pipe; 521. First extraction pipe; 522. Second extraction pipe; 53. Conveying pipe; 531. First feeding pipe; 532. Second feeding pipe; 54. Third drive unit; 55. Synchronous shaft; 551. First switching valve sleeve; 552. Second switching valve sleeve;

[0048] 111. Sliding sleeve;

[0049] 6. Connecting assembly; 61. Connecting sleeve shaft; 62. Connecting sliding shaft; 63. Elastic support component; 64. Bevel gear; 65. Sleeve plate; 66. Connecting rod; 67. Transmission plate; 68. Swing rod.

[0050] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] This invention provides a method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 This invention discloses a method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step S1, raw material pretreatment: dry and grind the high-alumina fly ash to obtain pretreated high-alumina fly ash;

[0055] Step S2, calcination treatment: pretreated high-alumina fly ash is mixed with sintering agent and calcined to obtain sintered product;

[0056] Step S3, leaching treatment: The sintered product is mixed with 0.1 mol / L oxalic acid solution, leached and filtered through a leaching device to obtain filtrate (containing aluminum, lithium and gallium) and residue (containing rare earth elements).

[0057] Step S4: Separate once. Slowly add 2 mol / L ammonia water to the filtrate, stir continuously, adjust the pH to 5.5, filter, and obtain aluminum hydroxide and filtrate one.

[0058] Step S5, secondary separation: add ammonia to filtrate one, adjust the pH, and after standing and filtration, obtain gallium hydroxide and filtrate two;

[0059] Step S6, metal extraction: Sodium phosphate is added to filtrate two, and after stirring and filtration, lithium phosphate is obtained.

[0060] By using a sintering process, the glass phase structure in fly ash is destroyed, releasing the encapsulated lithium, thereby achieving efficient separation of different materials in fly ash, precise extraction and enrichment of lithium, and facilitating the recycling of lithium materials from solid waste.

[0061] In this embodiment, the following steps are also included:

[0062] Step S31: The residue obtained in step S3 is calcined, dissolved in 0.01 mol / L hydrochloric acid, purified by adding 1.3 g / L ammonium fluoride, filtered, and calcium fluoride and filtrate are obtained.

[0063] Step S32: Add ammonia to filtrate three to adjust the pH to 10.5. After filtration, rare earth element precipitate is obtained.

[0064] Step S33: Calcining the rare earth element precipitate to obtain rare earth oxides.

[0065] In this embodiment, the following steps are also included:

[0066] Step S41: Wash aluminum hydroxide twice with deionized water to remove surface impurity ions, and then calcine to obtain aluminum oxide.

[0067] In this embodiment, the following steps are also included:

[0068] In step S51, gallium hydroxide is calcined, washed, and dried sequentially to obtain gallium oxide.

[0069] In this embodiment, the high-alumina fly ash in step S1 is ground and then passed through a 300-mesh sieve.

[0070] In this embodiment, the sintering agent comprises sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate, and the pretreated high-alumina fly ash is mixed with sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:0.45:1.46.

[0071] In this embodiment, the leaching temperature in step S3 is 30°C.

[0072] In this embodiment, the calcination temperature in step S31 is 1000℃ and the calcination time is 4h;

[0073] In step S33, the calcination temperature is 800℃ and the calcination time is 1 hour.

[0074] In this embodiment, the calcination temperature in step S41 is 550°C and the calcination time is 2 hours.

[0075] In this embodiment, the calcination temperature in step S51 is 400°C and the calcination time is 50 min.

[0076] Beneficial effects:

[0077] The overall process is simple and has low operating costs. Sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) and dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) are generated during sintering, which destroys the glass phase structure in fly ash and releases encapsulated elements such as lithium and gallium. This achieves efficient separation and enrichment of aluminum, lithium, gallium and rare earth elements in high-alumina fly ash, and realizes the resource utilization of solid waste.

[0078] In this embodiment, the high-alumina fly ash is used as a raw material, which is actually a solid waste. Direct discharge not only wastes resources but also has a certain impact on the soil environment. Therefore, the treatment of high-alumina fly ash belongs to the technical field of solid waste recycling.

[0079] The lithium resources extracted from it are important metal resources and belong to the category of metal materials extracted and recycled from solid waste.

[0080] Case 1:

[0081] A method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash includes the following steps:

[0082] Step 1: Dry and grind the high-alumina fly ash to below 300 mesh to obtain pretreated high-alumina fly ash;

[0083] Step 2: Mix pretreated high-alumina fly ash with sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate at a mass ratio of 1:0.45:1.46, and calcine at 1200℃ for 2 hours to obtain the sintered product;

[0084] Step 3: Mix the sintered product with a 0.1 mol / L oxalic acid solution, leach at 30°C in a leaching device, filter, and obtain filtrate (containing aluminum, lithium, and gallium) and residue (containing rare earth elements).

[0085] Step 4: Slowly add 2 mol / L ammonia water to the filtrate, stir continuously, adjust the pH to 5.5, filter, and obtain aluminum hydroxide and filtrate 1;

[0086] Step 5: Wash aluminum hydroxide twice with deionized water to remove surface impurity ions, and calcine at 550℃ for 2 hours to obtain aluminum oxide;

[0087] Step 6: Add ammonia to filtrate one, adjust the pH to 6, let stand, filter, and obtain gallium hydroxide and filtrate two;

[0088] Step 7: Calcine gallium hydroxide at 400℃ for 50 minutes, wash and dry to obtain gallium oxide;

[0089] Step 8: Calcine the residue obtained in Step 3 at 1000℃ for 4 hours, dissolve it in 0.01mol / L hydrochloric acid, add 1.3g / L ammonium fluoride to remove impurities, filter, and obtain calcium fluoride and filtrate 3;

[0090] Step 9: Adjust the pH of the filtrate to 10.5, filter, and obtain rare earth element precipitate;

[0091] Step 10: Calcine the rare earth element precipitate at 800℃ for 1 hour to obtain rare earth oxides;

[0092] Step 11: Add an appropriate amount of sodium phosphate to the filtrate obtained in Step 6, stir, and filter to obtain lithium phosphate.

[0093] The present invention also provides a leaching device for leaching high-alumina fly ash after sintering.

[0094] First embodiment:

[0095] Please refer to the following: Figures 2 to 5 In this invention, a leaching apparatus includes:

[0096] Frame 1, on which a support frame 11 is fixed;

[0097] Two leaching tanks 2 are symmetrically installed on the top of the frame 1. Each leaching tank 2 is equipped with a feed pipe 21, a stirring rod 22, and an exhaust pipe 23.

[0098] A stand 3, the bottom of which is fixed to the top of the two leaching tanks 2;

[0099] Drive assembly 4 is mounted on the platform 3 and is used to drive the two stirring rods 22 to operate synchronously.

[0100] The pumping assembly 5 includes a centrifugal pump 51, a pumping pipe 52, a delivery pipe 53, a third drive component 54, and a synchronous shaft 55. The centrifugal pump 51 is fixed on the support frame 11. A second drive component 511 is installed on the centrifugal pump 51 to drive the centrifugal pump 51. The pumping pipe 52 is located at the input end of the centrifugal pump 51. The delivery pipe 53 is located at the output end of the centrifugal pump 51. The third drive component 54 is installed on the pumping pipe 52. The synchronous shaft 55 passes through the delivery pipe 53 and the pumping pipe 52 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the drive part of the third drive component 54.

[0101] The pumping tube 52 is symmetrically provided with a first pumping tube 521 and a second pumping tube 522. The first pumping tube 521 is connected to the output end of one of the leaching tanks 2, and the second pumping tube 522 is connected to the output end of another leaching tank 2.

[0102] The conveying pipe 53 is symmetrically provided with a first feeding pipe 531 and a second feeding pipe 532, and the output end of the first feeding pipe 531 is connected to the other feeding pipe 21.

[0103] The synchronous shaft 55 is respectively provided with a first switching valve sleeve 551 and a second switching valve sleeve 552. The first switching valve sleeve 551 is rotatably installed in the pumping tube 52, and the rotation range of the opening and closing port of the first switching valve sleeve 551 is aligned with the communication direction of the first pumping tube 521 and the second pumping tube 522. The second switching valve sleeve 552 is rotatably installed in the conveying tube 53, and the rotation range of the opening and closing port of the second switching valve sleeve 552 is aligned with the communication direction of the first feeding tube 531 and the second feeding tube 532.

[0104] It should be noted that the leaching cycle of a single leaching tank 2 is T. By using two leaching tanks 2, the leaching cycle can be shared, and the leaching can be made continuous, reducing the standby time of the equipment during material transfer or discharge, thereby improving the leaching efficiency.

[0105] In this embodiment, the material refers to the mixed solution of sintered product and 0.1 mol / L oxalic acid solution premixed, which is fed into the leaching tank 2 through the feed pipe 21.

[0106] The arrangement of two leaching tanks 2, compared to the use of a single leaching device, effectively reduces the time required for leaching and improves leaching efficiency.

[0107] In this embodiment, the connection between the synchronous shaft 55 and the pumping tube 52 and the delivery tube 53 is rotatably sealed, and a section of the synchronous shaft 55 is exposed to the outside and in direct contact with the outside air.

[0108] The centrifugal pump 51 adopts the existing fluoropolymer-lined centrifugal pump. Its working principle is that the motor drives the impeller to rotate at high speed. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is thrown from the center of the impeller to the edge. The speed decreases and the pressure increases in the diffusion chamber of the pump casing, and finally it is discharged from the outlet. At the same time, a low-pressure zone is formed at the center of the impeller, which continuously draws in new media. This will not be elaborated on here.

[0109] In this embodiment, the second driving component 511 can be a motor structure, used to directly drive the centrifugal pump 51 to rotate and adjust. When the centrifugal pump 51 is running, its inlet is connected to the pumping pipe 52, and its outlet is connected to the delivery pipe 53.

[0110] In this embodiment, the first switching valve sleeve 551 is provided with a switch port for controlling the switching of the first extraction tube 521 or the second extraction tube 522 on the extraction tube 52.

[0111] The second switching valve sleeve 552 is provided with a switch port for controlling the switching of the first feeding pipe 531 or the second feeding pipe 532 on the conveying pipe 53.

[0112] In this embodiment, the centrifugal pump 51 includes three operating modes:

[0113] Standby mode, such as Figure 5 As shown in (b), the opening of the first switching valve sleeve 551 faces downwards, the first extraction pipe 521 is closed to the extraction pipe 52, and the second extraction pipe 522 is closed to the extraction pipe 52; Figure 5As shown in (a), the switch port of the second switching valve sleeve 552 faces left, the first feeding pipe 531 is closed to the conveying pipe 53, and the second feeding pipe 532 is closed to the conveying pipe 53, so as to facilitate the continuous leaching of materials in the two leaching tanks 2.

[0114] Feeding modes, such as Figure 6 As shown in (b), the opening of the first switching valve sleeve 551 faces left, the first extraction pipe 521 is open and connected to the extraction pipe 52, and the second extraction pipe 522 is closed to the extraction pipe 52; Figure 6 As shown in (a), the switch port of the second switching valve sleeve 552 faces upward, the first feeding pipe 531 is open and connected to the conveying pipe 53, and the second feeding pipe 532 is closed to the conveying pipe 53, so as to use the centrifugal pump 51 to pump the material in one leaching tank 2 to another leaching tank 2.

[0115] Material discharge mode, such as Figure 6 As shown in (d), the proud U-switch port of the first switching valve sleeve 551 faces right, the first extraction pipe 521 is closed to the extraction pipe 52, and the second extraction pipe 522 is open and connected to the extraction pipe 52; Figure 6 As shown in (c), the switch port of the second switching valve sleeve 552 faces downward, the first feeding pipe 531 is closed to the conveying pipe 53, and the second feeding pipe 532 is open and connected to the conveying pipe 53, so as to extract and discharge the material after leaching in the other leaching tank 2 to the next process.

[0116] By providing two leaching tanks 2 on the frame 1, continuous leaching of materials is facilitated, reducing the leaching cycle and ensuring the continuity of leaching while improving leaching efficiency. The third drive unit 54 facilitates adaptive switching of the operating mode of the centrifugal pump 51, enabling the use of one centrifugal pump 51 to transfer materials from one leaching tank 2 to the other leaching tank 2, as well as to discharge materials from the other leaching tank 2, thus facilitating continuous leaching operations.

[0117] In this embodiment, the third driving component 54 can be a motor structure, used to directly drive the synchronous shaft 55 to rotate, thereby synchronously controlling the rotation of the first switching valve sleeve 551 and the second switching valve sleeve 552.

[0118] Please refer to the following: Figure 4 and Figure 7The drive assembly 4 includes a first drive member 41, a drive wheel 42, two driven wheels 43, and two synchronous belts 44. The fixed part of the first drive member 41 is fixed on the frame 3. The drive wheel 42 is fixed on the drive part of the first drive member 41. The driven wheels 43 are fixedly connected to the stirring rod 22. The driven wheels 43 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the stirring rod 22. The drive wheel 42 drives the two driven wheels 43 to rotate synchronously through the two synchronous belts 44.

[0119] In this embodiment, the first driving component 41 is a motor structure used to directly drive the driving wheel 42 to rotate.

[0120] See Figure 4 The drive wheel 42 is a dual-wheel structure, used to simultaneously connect to two synchronous belts 44. When the drive wheel 42 rotates, it synchronously drives the two driven wheels 43 to rotate through the two synchronous belts 44, thereby simultaneously driving the two stirring rods 22 to rotate and stir and leach the material in the leaching tank 2. The two driven wheels 43 are staggered vertically.

[0121] In an optional embodiment of this first embodiment, the drive wheel 42 can be a pulley structure, the timing belt 44 can be a belt structure, and the driven wheel 43 can be a pulley structure.

[0122] In another optional embodiment of this invention, the drive wheel 42 can be a sprocket structure, the timing belt 44 can be a chain structure, and the driven wheel 43 can be a sprocket structure.

[0123] The synchronous driving principle of the two stirring rods 22:

[0124] When the first drive unit 41 is activated, it drives the drive wheel 42 to rotate. The drive wheel 42 drives the two driven wheels 43 to rotate synchronously via the two synchronous belts 44. The two driven wheels 43 drive the two stirring rods 22 to rotate synchronously. The stirring rods 22 stir and leach the material inside the leaching tank 2, which helps to improve the leaching efficiency of the material. It is also convenient to use the first drive unit 41 to synchronously control the stirring and leaching of the material in the two leaching tanks 2.

[0125] The synchronous stirring setting can maintain the stirring and turbulence of materials during material conveying or discharging, avoid sedimentation, and ensure the stability of material transmission.

[0126] The working principle of the leaching device provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0127] Let us define that, in the initial state, both leaching tanks 2 are filled with material, one leaching tank 2 is defined as tank A (for primary leaching), and the other leaching tank 2 is defined as tank B (for secondary leaching).

[0128] A1, synchronous leaching, start the first drive unit 41, the first drive unit 41 drives the two stirring rods 22 to rotate synchronously through the drive wheel 42, the two synchronous belts 44 and the two driven wheels 43, so as to facilitate synchronous stirring and leaching of tank A and tank B;

[0129] A2, material discharge: After the stirring and leaching cycle of the material in tank B is completed, the third drive unit 54 is started first. The third drive unit 54 drives the synchronous shaft 55, the first switching valve sleeve 551 and the second switching valve sleeve 552 to rotate synchronously, so that the working mode of the centrifugal pump 51 is switched from the off mode to the discharge mode.

[0130] Then restart the second drive unit 511, which drives the centrifugal pump 51 to operate, and extracts the material in tank B and discharges it to the next process in sequence through the second extraction pipe 522, the extraction pipe 52, the centrifugal pump 51, the conveying pipe 53 and the second feeding pipe 532.

[0131] During the material discharge process in tank B, the stirring and leaching process continues in tank A. At the same time, the continuous stirring in tank B can ensure the fluidity of the precipitate and the stability of material transmission.

[0132] A3, material transfer: After the material in tank B is discharged, there is no need to turn off the second drive unit 511. The third drive unit 54 is restarted. The third drive unit 54 drives the synchronous shaft 55, the first switching valve sleeve 551 and the second switching valve sleeve 552 to rotate rapidly, so that the working mode of the centrifugal pump 51 is quickly switched from the discharge mode to the feeding mode.

[0133] During the continuous operation of the centrifugal pump 51, the material extracted from tank A is sequentially transferred to tank B through the first extraction pipe 521, the extraction pipe 52, the centrifugal pump 51, the conveying pipe 53, and the second feeding pipe 532.

[0134] During the process of transferring materials from tank A to tank B, continuous stirring is carried out in both tanks A and B to facilitate the continuous stirring and leaching of materials.

[0135] A4, Material Replenishment: After the material in tank A is completely transferred to tank B, first turn off the second drive unit 511 to stop the centrifugal pump 51 from operating, and then start the third drive unit 54 to switch the working mode of the centrifugal pump 51 to standby mode.

[0136] The mixture to be leached is then injected through the feed pipe 21 of tank A to maintain the continuity of leaching of materials in tank A and facilitate the synchronous leaching of materials in tanks A and B.

[0137] Second embodiment:

[0138] Please refer to the following: Figures 8 to 10 Based on the leaching apparatus provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, the second embodiment of the present invention proposes another leaching apparatus. The second embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment will not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0139] Specifically, the difference in the leaching device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is that the second driving member 511 may not be a motor structure.

[0140] The second driving component 511 is a bevel gear structure; a sliding sleeve 111 is fixedly mounted on the support frame 11; the leaching device further includes a connecting assembly 6, which includes a connecting sleeve shaft 61, a connecting sliding shaft 62, an elastic support member 63, a bevel gear 64, a sleeve plate 65, a connecting rod 66, a transmission plate 67, and a swing rod 68. The top of the connecting sleeve shaft 61 is fixedly connected to the driving part of the first driving component 41; the top of the connecting sliding shaft 62 is inserted into the bottom of the connecting sleeve shaft 61 and connected by a sliding key; both ends of the elastic support member 63 are fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve shaft 61. The connecting sleeve shaft 61 and the connecting sliding shaft 62 are connected. The bevel gear 64 is fixed at the bottom of the connecting sliding shaft 62. The lifting range of the bevel gear 64 is corresponding to that of the second driving member 511. The sleeve plate 65 is sleeved on the connecting sliding shaft 62 and rotatably connected. The top of the connecting rod 66 passes through the sliding sleeve 111 and is fixedly connected to the sleeve plate 65. The bottom of the connecting rod 66 is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission plate 67. The swing rod 68 is fixed on the synchronous shaft 55. The top of the swing rod 68 abuts against the bottom of the transmission plate 67.

[0141] In this embodiment, the third drive unit 54 adopts a motor structure with self-braking function. When the drive part of the third drive unit 54 stops, it is in a locked state and cannot rotate, so as to maintain the stability of the centrifugal pump 51 after the usage mode is switched.

[0142] In this embodiment, the elastic support 63 is a spring-supported tube that stably supports the connecting slide shaft 62 through its elastic structure, allowing the transmission plate 67 to stably abut against the top of the swing rod 68. When the centrifugal pump 51 is in feeding or discharging mode, the elastic support 63 ensures the stability of the meshing connection between the bevel gear 64 and the third drive member 54, and ensures the stability of the rotation of the bevel gear 64 in driving the third drive member 54 to rotate.

[0143] In this embodiment, the sliding key connection means that the connecting sliding shaft 62 can slide telescopically relative to the connecting sleeve shaft 61, but cannot rotate relative to it; so that when the connecting sleeve shaft 61 is rotated and adjusted, it can synchronously drive the connecting sliding shaft 62 to rotate and adjust.

[0144] In this embodiment, the sleeve 65 is rotatably connected to the connecting slide shaft 62, so that the connecting slide shaft 62 can be stably rotated and adjusted on the sleeve 65, and the connecting slide shaft 62 is moved synchronously when the sleeve 65 moves up and down.

[0145] In this embodiment, the sliding sleeve 111 provides sliding limit support for the overall lifting and lowering adjustment of the connecting rod 66, ensuring the stability of the vertical movement adjustment of the connecting rod 66, the transmission plate 67, the sleeve plate 65, the connecting sliding shaft 62, and the bevel gear 64.

[0146] During the process of the centrifugal pump 51 switching from standby mode to feeding mode, the synchronous shaft 55 also drives the swing rod 68 to rotate clockwise, and the elastic support 63 pushes the connecting slide shaft 62 to move downward relative to the connecting sleeve shaft 61. The connecting slide shaft 62 synchronously drives the bevel gear 64, the sleeve plate 65, the connecting rod 66 and the transmission plate 67 to move downward synchronously. When the centrifugal pump 51 is fully adjusted to feeding mode, the bottom of the bevel gear 64 is engaged with the second drive member 511, so that the first drive member 41 can drive the centrifugal pump 51 to operate and control the transfer of materials in the leaching tank 2 while driving the two stirring rods 22 to stir.

[0147] Similarly, when the centrifugal pump 51 switches from standby mode to discharge mode, the bevel gear 64 will also engage with the second drive component 511, so that the first drive component 41 can drive the centrifugal pump 51 to operate and control the discharge of material in the other leaching tank 2 while driving the two stirring rods 22 to stir.

[0148] When it is necessary to switch from the discharge mode to the feeding mode, the synchronous shaft 55 and the swing rod 68 can be controlled to rotate 180° counterclockwise by the third drive component 54, so as to realize the centrifugal pump 51 to quickly switch from the discharge mode to the feeding mode while maintaining the meshing connection between the bevel gear 64 and the second drive component 511, so as to facilitate the continuous operation of the equipment.

[0149] The working principle of a leaching device provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0150] B1, such as Figure 11 As shown in (a), when the centrifugal pump 51 is in standby mode, the end of the swing rod 68 abuts against the bottom of the transmission plate 67, causing the transmission plate 67 to move upward. The transmission plate 67 maintains the upward movement of the bevel gear 64 through the connecting rod 66, the sleeve plate 65 and the connecting slide shaft 62, so that the bevel gear 64 is separated from the second driving member 511. The first driving member 41 is only used to control the stirring operation of the two stirring rods 22 at the same time.

[0151] B2, see reference Figure 11 (a) to Figure 11 (b) to Figure 11 In (c), when the centrifugal pump 51 switches from standby mode to discharge mode, the synchronous shaft 55 synchronously drives the swing rod 68 to rotate. While the swing rod 68 rotates, the bottom of the transmission plate 67 remains in contact with the swing rod 68, causing the transmission plate 67, the connecting rod 66, the sleeve plate 65, the connecting slide shaft 62, and the bevel gear 64 to move downward as a whole. The bevel gear 64 moves downward and engages with the second driving member 511, so as to control the adaptive engagement of the bevel gear 64 with the second driving member 511.

[0152] While controlling the rotation of the two stirring rods 22, the first driving member 41 also drives the connecting sleeve shaft 61 to rotate. The connecting sleeve shaft 61 drives the connecting sliding shaft 62 to rotate. The connecting sliding shaft 62 drives the bevel gear 64 to rotate stably on the sleeve plate 65. The bevel gear 64 drives the second driving member 511 to rotate. The second driving member 511 synchronously drives the centrifugal pump 51 to operate, so as to realize the pumping operation of the centrifugal pump 51 by utilizing the driving power of the first driving member 41.

[0153] B3, see also Figure 11 (a) to Figure 12When the centrifugal pump 51 needs to switch from the discharge mode to the feeding mode, the third driving component 54 can be started while maintaining the engagement between the bevel gear 64 and the second driving component 511. The third driving component 54 drives the synchronous shaft 55 to rotate, and the synchronous shaft 55 drives the swing rod 68 to rotate downward by 180°, so that the working mode of the centrifugal pump 51 is switched to the feeding mode, but it will not affect the continuous operation of the bevel gear 64, thus ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0154] B4. When it is necessary to restore the centrifugal pump 51 to standby mode, the third drive component 54 is activated. The third drive component 54 drives the synchronous shaft 55 to rotate. The synchronous shaft 55 drives the swing rod 68 to rotate upward by 90°, so that the swing rod 68 pushes the transmission plate 67 to move upward. The transmission plate 67 drives the connecting slide shaft 62 to move upward through the connecting rod 66 and the sleeve plate 65. The connecting slide shaft 62 drives the bevel gear 64 to move upward and separate from the second drive component 511.

[0155] Ultimately, during the process of the centrifugal pump 51 switching from standby mode to feeding mode or discharging mode, the bevel gear 64 and the second drive member 511 are simultaneously engaged, so that under the control of the first drive member 41, the two stirring rods 22 can be driven to operate at the same time, and power can also be provided for the pumping of materials.

[0156] During the process of the centrifugal pump 51 switching from the discharge mode to the feeding mode, it is convenient to realize the automatic switching of the working mode of the centrifugal pump 51 without affecting the continuous operation of the equipment.

[0157] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1, raw material pretreatment: dry and grind the high-alumina fly ash to obtain pretreated high-alumina fly ash; The high-alumina fly ash is ground and then passed through a 300-mesh sieve; Step S2, calcination treatment: pretreated high-alumina fly ash is mixed with sintering agent and calcined to obtain sintered product; the sintering agent consists of sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate, and the pretreated high-alumina fly ash is mixed with sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:0.45:1.

46. Step S3, leaching treatment: The sintered product is mixed with a 0.1 mol / L oxalic acid solution, leached and filtered through a leaching device to obtain filtrate and residue; the leaching temperature is 30°C. Step S31: The residue obtained in step S3 is calcined, dissolved in 0.01 mol / L hydrochloric acid, purified by adding 1.3 g / L ammonium fluoride, filtered, and calcium fluoride and filtrate are obtained. Step S32: Add ammonia to filtrate three to adjust the pH to 10.

5. After filtration, rare earth element precipitate is obtained. Step S33: Calcining the rare earth element precipitate to obtain rare earth oxides; Step S4: Separate once. Slowly add 2 mol / L ammonia water to the filtrate, stir continuously, adjust the pH to 5.5, filter, and obtain aluminum hydroxide and filtrate one. Step S41: Wash aluminum hydroxide twice with deionized water to remove surface impurity ions, and then calcine to obtain aluminum oxide; Step S5, secondary separation: add ammonia to filtrate one, adjust the pH, and after standing and filtration, obtain gallium hydroxide and filtrate two; Step S51: Gallium hydroxide is calcined sequentially, washed, and dried to obtain gallium oxide; Step S6, metal extraction: Sodium phosphate is added to filtrate two, and after stirring and filtration, lithium phosphate is obtained.

2. The method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcination temperature in step S31 is 1000℃, and the calcination time is 4h. In step S33, the calcination temperature is 800℃ and the calcination time is 1 hour.

3. The method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S41, the calcination temperature is 550℃ and the calcination time is 2 hours.

4. The method for extracting metallic materials from high-alumina fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S51, the calcination temperature is 400℃ and the calcination time is 50min.

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