Automatic spraying device for guide gangway of fully mechanized coal mining face

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic spraying devices of fully mechanized face guide gangue groove, it is related to the dust removal technical field of fully mechanized working face in underground coal mine, including installation clamping plate, interval installation is in guide gangue groove body, guide gangue groove body is located in the rear of hydraulic support;Bearing frame is rotatably installed in the top of each installation clamping plate;Support automatic spraying system, including the spray branch pipe being set to guide gangue groove body side, the inlet end of spray branch pipe is communicated with the front beam spray water pipe being set on hydraulic support;Multiple negative pressure dust removal nozzles are rotatably installed in the inside of each bearing frame by rotating fixing piece, negative pressure dust removal nozzle is communicated with the outlet end of spray branch pipe, the present application is through linkage control and adjustable angle spray design, realized when moving frame both sides guide gangue groove synchronous spraying, effectively eliminate dust blind area, improve the comprehensiveness of dust suppression and the adaptability of operating environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust removal technology in fully mechanized coal mining faces, specifically to an automatic spraying device for the guide trough of a fully mechanized coal mining face. Background Technology

[0002] During the production process of fully mechanized coal mining faces, the lowering, moving, and raising of hydraulic supports generate a large amount of dust. In order to control the spread of dust in the moving area, an automatic spray system is usually installed on the support, and a guide chute is set behind the support to guide coal gangue to slide down into the goaf, while also playing a certain role in sealing off and blocking dust.

[0003] However, existing technical solutions still have shortcomings. In particular, due to limitations in the original support control program, during "lowering," "moving," and "raising" operations, the spray can usually only automatically activate the spray above the guide chute on the operating side (single side). This results in the guide chute on the non-operating side lacking effective and immediate water mist coverage during support movement, causing dust to escape from both ends of the guide chute on that side and drift with the wind to the downwind working area. This makes it impossible to achieve comprehensive and synchronous suppression of dust between supports, resulting in blind spots in dust suppression. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic spraying device for the guide trough of a fully mechanized mining face, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the spraying of the guide trough on only one side can be automatically opened when the hydraulic support is moved, resulting in blind spots in dust suppression between supports and dust easily escaping from the non-operation side.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic spraying device for a fully mechanized mining face guide trough, comprising mounting plates, which are spaced apart on the guide trough body, wherein the guide trough body is located behind a hydraulic support;

[0006] A support frame is rotatably mounted on top of each of the mounting plates;

[0007] The automatic spraying system for the support includes a spray branch pipe disposed on one side of the guide trough, the inlet end of which is connected to the front beam spray water pipe disposed on the hydraulic support;

[0008] Multiple negative pressure dust removal nozzles are rotatably installed inside each of the supporting frames via rotating fasteners, and each negative pressure dust removal nozzle is connected to the outlet end of the spray branch pipe;

[0009] The control module is built into the support controller of the hydraulic support and is connected to the support automatic spraying system. The control module is configured to control the automatic spraying systems of the hydraulic support and the adjacent support on the downwind side to open and close simultaneously when the hydraulic support performs the support moving operation.

[0010] Four negative pressure dust removal nozzles are installed along the length of each of the gangue guide trough sections.

[0011] The four negative pressure dust removal nozzles include a first nozzle located at the highest point of the guide trough, a second nozzle and a third nozzle located in the upper middle part of the guide trough, and a fourth nozzle located at the lowest point of the guide trough. The spraying direction of the first nozzle and the fourth nozzle is towards the bottom of the guide trough, and the spraying direction of the second nozzle and the third nozzle is set to be upward against the wind.

[0012] The side plate of the guide trough is provided with adjustable grooves distributed at intervals along its length. The vertical section of the mounting plate is an inverted concave shape, and its notch is locked on the side plate of the guide trough. The mounting plate is also provided with a first locking member, which passes through the adjustable groove and is locked by a locking nut.

[0013] A positioning post is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate, and a slot is provided on the top of the positioning post. Limiting plates are symmetrically provided on the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate.

[0014] The vertical section of the load-bearing frame is concave, and its bottom plate is provided with mounting holes that cooperate with the positioning column. Symmetrical docking holes that cooperate with the limiting plate are provided on both sides of the mounting holes. The bottom of the limiting plate is movably fitted with the top of the bottom plate of the load-bearing frame.

[0015] It also includes a pressure plate, the bottom of which is provided with a limiting pin that cooperates with the slot, the outer periphery of which is provided with a rubber layer, and the bottom of the pressure plate and on both sides of the limiting pin are provided with inserts that cooperate with the docking holes, the inserts and the limiting plate being staggered.

[0016] The rotating fixing component consists of a mounting ring, an adjusting column, and a second locking component. The mounting ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of each negative pressure dust removal nozzle. The adjusting column is fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting ring. The other end of the adjusting column passes through the bearing frame and is flush with the outer wall of the bearing frame. The second locking component is screwed into the adjusting column and abuts against the outer wall of the bearing frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the spray branch pipe is provided with one-way valves spaced apart, and the one-way valves are located between two adjacent negative pressure dust removal nozzles.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer wall of the guide trough is provided with spaced support plates, which are made of plastic and have an opening at the front end, into which the spray branch pipe is inserted.

[0019] Furthermore, the spraying direction of the first and fourth nozzles avoids the standing position of the workers in the water mist coverage area, and the spraying direction of the second and third nozzles is set to face the wind upwards and not directly towards the pedestrian passage.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the automatic spraying device for the guide trough of the fully mechanized mining face provided by the present invention, through a control module that can link and control the spraying system of the main frame and the adjacent frame on the downwind side, realizes the synchronous automatic opening of the spraying of the guide trough on both sides when the hydraulic support is moved, thereby eliminating the dust suppression blind zone caused by single-sided spraying and achieving more comprehensive coverage and suppression of dust between the frames.

[0021] Meanwhile, the nozzles are fixed by a rotatable and adjustable mounting structure, allowing the spray angle to be flexibly adjusted according to the airflow direction and dust dispersion path of the working face. This improves the targeting and on-site adaptability of the water mist coverage, and while improving the working environment, it also enhances the automation level and overall efficiency of the dust suppression system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic spraying device for the fully mechanized mining face guide channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide trough and support plate components provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of four negative pressure dust removal nozzles and other components provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first nozzle and mounting plate, etc., provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of components such as the mounting plate and positioning post provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing frame component structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the load-bearing frame and pressure plate, etc., provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 1. Mounting plate; 2. Wastewater guide trough; 3. Support frame; 4. Spray branch pipe; 5. Negative pressure dust removal nozzle; 5a. First nozzle; 5b. Second nozzle; 5c. Third nozzle; 5d. Fourth nozzle; 6. Adjustment groove; 7. First locking element; 8. Positioning post; 9. Slot; 10. Limiting plate; 11. Mounting hole; 12. Connecting hole; 13. Pressure plate; 14. Limiting pin; 15. Rubber layer; 16. Insert block; 17. Mounting retaining ring; 18. Adjustment post; 19. Second locking element; 20. One-way valve; 21. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 7 As shown:

[0034] Example:

[0035] The present invention provides an automatic spraying device for a fully mechanized mining face guide trough, including a mounting plate 1, which is installed at intervals on the guide trough body 2, the guide trough body 2 being located behind a hydraulic support;

[0036] The support frame 3 is rotatably mounted on top of each of the mounting plates 1;

[0037] The automatic spraying system for the support includes a spray branch pipe 4 disposed on one side of the guide trough 2, and the inlet end of the spray branch pipe 4 is connected to the front beam spray water pipe disposed on the hydraulic support.

[0038] Multiple negative pressure dust removal nozzles 5 are rotatably installed inside each of the supporting frames 3 via rotating fasteners, and each negative pressure dust removal nozzle 5 is connected to the outlet end of the spray branch pipe 4;

[0039] The control module is built into the support controller of the hydraulic support and is connected to the support automatic spraying system. The control module is configured to control the automatic spraying systems of the hydraulic support and the adjacent support on the downwind side to open and close simultaneously when the hydraulic support performs a moving operation.

[0040] It should be noted that the core of this device lies in the coordination between the program logic of the control module and the rotatable mechanical structure. When the hydraulic support begins to "lower," "shift," or "raise," the control module receives a signal and simultaneously sends an opening command to the solenoid valves (or similar control elements) of the spray system on this support and the adjacent support on the leeward side. This linkage mechanism ensures that when the support shifts, the nozzles of the guide troughs 2 on both sides of the operating support can work simultaneously, forming a complete water mist enclosure, thus compensating for the original system's deficiency of spraying only on one side. At the same time, the supporting frame 3 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 1, allowing installers to pre-adjust the orientation of all nozzles to the basic plane based on the actual airflow direction and main dust dispersion path of the working face, improving the device's adaptability to different working face conditions.

[0041] Specifically, the control module is implemented by modifying the internal program of the support controller (such as an intrinsically safe PLC). The program is configured such that when a sensor detects or the operation panel issues any of the command signals for lowering, moving, or raising the support, the signal, in addition to controlling the support's movement, simultaneously triggers an internal relay or output point. This output point simultaneously controls the solenoid valves on the spray pipes of this support and the preset downwind adjacent support to be energized and opened. The linkage relationship can be preset and stored through the controller programming software.

[0042] Additionally, this device is connected to the existing static pressure water supply system in the mine, requiring a water supply pressure range of 2.0MPa to 4.0MPa to ensure that the negative pressure dust removal nozzle 5 can form an effective atomization effect. The water source interface on the front beam spray water pipe is a standard mine water interface.

[0043] In this embodiment: four negative pressure dust removal nozzles 5 are installed along the length of each of the two sections of the guide trough.

[0044] It should be noted that the four nozzles are designed for zoned treatment based on the structure of the waste rock guide trough 2 and the dust transport patterns. This number ensures coverage of key dust generation and emission points while avoiding excessive dispersion of water supply pressure or overly complex piping. The arrangement along the length ensures water mist coverage throughout the longitudinal extension of the waste rock guide trough 2, without any protective interruptions.

[0045] In this embodiment: the four negative pressure dust removal nozzles 5 include a first nozzle 5a located at the highest point of the guide trough 2, a second nozzle 5b and a third nozzle 5c located in the upper part of the guide trough 2, and a fourth nozzle 5d located at the lowest point of the guide trough 2. The spraying direction of the first nozzle 5a and the fourth nozzle 5d is towards the bottom of the guide trough 2, and the spraying direction of the second nozzle 5b and the third nozzle 5c is set to be upward against the wind.

[0046] It should be noted that each nozzle has a clearly defined function, forming a coordinated dust removal chain. The first nozzle 5a (highest point) sprays downwards, primarily to wet the inner wall of the guide trough 2 and flush away any fresh coal sludge that may adhere to it, preventing accumulation and blockage. The second nozzle 5b and the third nozzle 5c (upper middle part) spray upwards against the wind; their water mist curtain is mainly used to intercept and condense dust that falls directly from the gaps between the hydraulic supports and overflows from the upper edge of the guide trough 2. The fourth nozzle 5d (lowest point) sprays downwards, providing a "final" wetting of the broken coal that has already fallen into the guide trough 2 and is about to slide into the goaf, suppressing secondary re-entrainment caused by impact at the end of the slide.

[0047] In this embodiment: the side plate of the guide trough 2 is provided with an adjustment groove 6 distributed at intervals along its length direction, the vertical section of the mounting plate 1 is an inverted concave shape, and its notch is locked on the side plate of the guide trough 2. The mounting plate 1 is also provided with a first locking member 7, which passes through the adjustment groove 6 and is locked by a locking nut.

[0048] It should be noted that in this structure, the horizontally arranged adjustment groove 6 is mainly used to adjust the lateral installation position of the nozzle assembly along the length of the guide trough 2. During installation, depending on the specific frame type of the hydraulic support, the docking situation of adjacent guide troughs 2, or the need to avoid local deformation of the trough, the mounting plate 1 can be moved left and right along the adjustment groove 6 to adjust the precise installation point of the nozzle on the side of the guide trough 2. After adjustment, the mounting plate 1 can be firmly locked in the required position by the cooperation of the first locking member 7 and the locking nut. This design enhances the adaptability of the device to different working surface installation conditions, ensuring that the nozzle can always be placed in the most effective dust suppression position.

[0049] In this embodiment: a positioning post 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 1, the top of the positioning post 8 is provided with a slot 9, and a limiting plate 10 is symmetrically provided on the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate 1;

[0050] The vertical section of the bearing frame 3 is concave, and its bottom plate is provided with mounting holes 11 that cooperate with the positioning post 8. On both sides of the mounting holes 11, there are symmetrical docking holes 12 that cooperate with the limiting plate 10. The bottom of the limiting plate 10 is movably fitted with the top of the bottom plate of the bearing frame 3.

[0051] It should be noted that this structure constitutes the horizontal rotation adjustment mechanism of the supporting frame 3. The positioning column 8 is inserted into the mounting hole 11, providing a central axis for rotation. The limiting plate 10 is embedded in the docking hole 12, mainly serving the functions of initial positioning and preventing the entire frame from lifting. The supporting frame 3 can rotate horizontally with the positioning column 8 as the axis, thereby changing the horizontal spray angle of the nozzles on it. This design allows operators to adjust the orientation of all nozzles on one side of the guide trough 2 in batches and coaxially according to the dominant wind direction of the working face, making them more accurately face the dust source.

[0052] In this embodiment, a pressure plate 13 is also included. The bottom of the pressure plate 13 is provided with a limiting pin 14 that cooperates with the slot 9. The outer periphery of the limiting pin 14 is provided with a rubber layer 15. The bottom of the pressure plate 13 and on both sides of the limiting pin 14 are provided with insert blocks 16 that cooperate with the docking hole 12. The insert blocks 16 and the limiting plate 10 are staggered.

[0053] It should be noted that the pressure plate 13 is a component used to lock the rotation angle of the support frame 3. After the support frame 3 rotates to the required angle, the limiting pin 14 of the pressure plate 13 is aligned with the slot 9 on the top of the positioning post 8 and pressed down. At the same time, the insert 16 at the bottom of the pressure plate 13 will insert into the gap adjacent to the docking hole 12 occupied by the limiting plate 10 (this is achieved by the staggered distribution design). After pressing down, the deformation of the rubber layer 15 generates frictional resistance. Combined with the engagement of the insert 16 and the docking hole 12, it can effectively prevent the support frame 3 from rotating unexpectedly under equipment vibration or water flow impact, and reliably fix the nozzle angle.

[0054] In this embodiment: the rotating fixing component consists of a mounting ring 17, an adjusting column 18, and a second locking component 19. The mounting ring 17 is sleeved on the outer periphery of each of the negative pressure dust removal nozzles 5. The adjusting column 18 is fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting ring 17. The other end of the adjusting column 18 passes through the bearing frame 3 and is flush with the outer side wall of the bearing frame 3. The second locking component 19 is screwed into the adjusting column 18 and abuts against the outer side wall of the bearing frame 3.

[0055] It should be noted that this structure enables fine-tuning of the vertical pitch angle of a single nozzle. The mounting ring 17 is fixed relative to the nozzle, and the adjusting column 18 serves as the adjusting handle. After loosening the second locking element 19 (such as a set screw), the nozzle can be rotated within a certain angle range around its connection point with the spray branch pipe 4 by moving the adjusting column 18, thereby finely adjusting the landing point of the water mist. After adjustment, tighten the second locking element 19 so that its end presses against the outer wall of the supporting frame 3, using friction to lock the angle of the adjusting column 18 and the nozzle. This allows each nozzle to perform more precise orientation within its designated local area.

[0056] In this embodiment: the spray branch pipe 4 is provided with one-way valves 20 distributed at intervals, and the one-way valves 20 are located between two adjacent negative pressure dust removal nozzles 5.

[0057] It should be noted that the installation of one-way valves 20 at intervals on the spray branch pipes 4, with each one-way valve 20 located between two adjacent negative pressure dust removal nozzles 5, enables independent check valve control for the water supply branch of each nozzle. When the system is shut down, this structure effectively prevents residual water in the pipeline from accumulating towards lower or end nozzles, avoiding continuous dripping from individual nozzles. Simultaneously, this distributed layout facilitates maintenance or replacement of a single nozzle, affecting only a local pipeline without interrupting the entire spray system of the guide trough 2, thus improving the system's modularity and maintenance convenience. Furthermore, segmented check valves also help balance the opening and closing response and water pressure stability of each nozzle during operation.

[0058] In this embodiment: the outer wall of the guide trough 2 is also provided with spaced support plates 21. The support plates 21 are made of plastic and have an opening at the front end. The spray branch pipe 4 is inserted into the opening.

[0059] It should be noted that the support plate 21 is used for laying and fixing the spray branch pipe 4. The plastic material has a certain degree of elasticity, corrosion resistance, and low cost. Its open design at the front end facilitates the insertion and removal of the spray branch pipe 4, making installation convenient. The spaced distribution can provide sufficient support for long-distance branch pipes, preventing them from sagging or swaying due to their own weight or external forces, which would affect the reliability of the connection with the nozzle. It also avoids the thermal expansion and contraction stress problems caused by excessive fixing, and facilitates pipeline maintenance and replacement.

[0060] In this embodiment: the spraying direction of the first nozzle 5a and the fourth nozzle 5d avoids the standing position of the workers in the water mist coverage area, and the spraying direction of the second nozzle 5b and the third nozzle 5c is set to be upward against the wind and not directly towards the pedestrian passage.

[0061] It should be noted that the spray direction of the first nozzle 5a and the fourth nozzle 5d is towards the bottom of the guide trough 2, and their water mist coverage area is mainly concentrated inside the guide trough 2 and the sliding area at the bottom of the trough, effectively avoiding the standing position of the workers; the spray direction of the second nozzle 5b and the third nozzle 5c is set to face the wind upwards, and after on-site debugging, their water mist trajectory does not directly face the pedestrian passage or the support operation area. Through the above reasonable arrangement of nozzle angles, it is ensured that the water mist can accurately cover the key path of dust dispersion, and it is also effectively prevented that the water mist will drift to the position of the workers during the spraying process. This solves the problems of traditional spraying devices that easily cause workers to get wet, affect their vision and operating comfort, and achieves a dual optimization of dust reduction effect and humanized working environment.

[0062] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic spraying device for a fully mechanized mining face guide channel, characterized in that, include: Mounting plates (1) are installed at intervals on the guide trough (2), which is located behind the hydraulic support; The support frame (3) is rotatably mounted on top of each of the mounting plates (1); The automatic spraying system of the support includes a spray branch pipe (4) disposed on one side of the guide trough (2), and the inlet end of the spray branch pipe (4) is connected to the front beam spray water pipe disposed on the hydraulic support; Multiple negative pressure dust removal nozzles (5) are rotatably installed inside each of the bearing frames (3) by means of rotating fasteners, and each negative pressure dust removal nozzle (5) is connected to the outlet end of the spray branch pipe (4); The control module is built into the support controller of the hydraulic support and is connected to the support automatic spraying system. The control module is configured to control the automatic spraying systems of the hydraulic support and the adjacent support on the downwind side to open and close simultaneously when the hydraulic support performs the support moving operation. Four negative pressure dust removal nozzles (5) are installed along the length of each of the gangue guide troughs (2). The four negative pressure dust removal nozzles (5) include a first nozzle (5a) located at the highest point of the guide trough (2), a second nozzle (5b) and a third nozzle (5c) located in the upper middle part of the guide trough (2), and a fourth nozzle (5d) located at the lowest point of the guide trough (2). The spraying direction of the first nozzle (5a) and the fourth nozzle (5d) is towards the bottom of the guide trough (2), and the spraying direction of the second nozzle (5b) and the third nozzle (5c) is set to face the wind upward. The side plate of the guide trough (2) is provided with an adjustment groove (6) distributed at intervals along its length. The vertical section of the mounting plate (1) is an inverted concave shape, and its notch is locked on the side plate of the guide trough (2). The mounting plate (1) is also provided with a first locking member (7). The first locking member (7) passes through the adjustment groove (6) and is locked by a locking nut. The top of the mounting plate (1) is fixedly connected to a positioning post (8), the top of the positioning post (8) is provided with a slot (9), and the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate (1) is symmetrically provided with a limiting plate (10). The vertical section of the bearing frame (3) is concave, and its bottom plate is provided with mounting holes (11) that cooperate with the positioning column (8). The mounting holes (11) are symmetrically provided with docking holes (12) that cooperate with the limiting plate (10) on both sides. The bottom of the limiting plate (10) is movably fitted with the top of the bottom plate of the bearing frame (3). It also includes a pressure plate (13), the bottom of the pressure plate (13) is provided with a limiting pin (14) that cooperates with the slot (9), the outer periphery of the limiting pin (14) is provided with a rubber layer (15), the bottom of the pressure plate (13) and on both sides of the limiting pin (14) are provided with inserts (16) that cooperate with the docking hole (12), and the inserts (16) and the limiting plate (10) are staggered; The rotating fixing component consists of a mounting ring (17), an adjusting column (18), and a second locking component (19). The mounting ring (17) is sleeved on the outer periphery of each negative pressure dust removal nozzle (5). The adjusting column (18) is fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting ring (17). The other end of the adjusting column (18) passes through the bearing frame (3) and is flush with the outer wall of the bearing frame (3). The second locking component (19) is screwed into the adjusting column (18) and abuts against the outer wall of the bearing frame (3).

2. The automatic spraying device for the guide trough of a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray branch pipe (4) is provided with one-way valves (20) spaced apart, and the one-way valves (20) are located between two adjacent negative pressure dust removal nozzles (5).

3. The automatic spraying device for the guide trough of a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the guide trough (2) is also provided with spaced support plates (21). The support plates (21) are made of plastic and have an opening at the front end. The spray branch pipe (4) is inserted into the opening.

4. The automatic spraying device for the guide trough of a fully mechanized mining face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying direction of the first nozzle (5a) and the fourth nozzle (5d) avoids the standing position of the workers and the water mist coverage area. The spraying direction of the second nozzle (5b) and the third nozzle (5c) is set to be upward against the wind and not directly towards the pedestrian passage.

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