A frame type adjustable load rail clamp performance detection device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of frame type adjustable load's rail clamp performance detection device and method, comprising: installation frame, fixedly connected on the sliding track platform of the installation frame, rail clamp, sliding push oil cylinder, load oil cylinder, track-type roller, pressure accessory and detection component;The bottom in the counterforce frame is fixedly connected with sliding track platform, the rail clamp is installed on the sliding track platform, the pad beam movably connected with the rail clamp is installed on the pad beam, at least load oil cylinder is arranged on the pad beam, the installation support is fixedly connected on the load oil cylinder, the track-type roller is fixedly connected on the installation support, and the pad beam is movably connected with horizontal loading oil cylinder away from rail clamp side.According to the application, the static and dynamic clamping performance of the rail clamp is comprehensively evaluated and tested, and the clamping performance of the rail clamp is evaluated and tested from the sliding condition, indentation depth and sliding track surface state and other angles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of synchronous sliding rail clamp testing, and particularly to a frame-type adjustable load rail clamp clamping performance testing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Synchronous sliding construction is a method for moving and installing large steel structures, particularly suitable for situations where site space is limited and traditional hoisting methods are not feasible. It utilizes the fixing of rail clamps and the alternating extension and retraction of jacking cylinders, employing an electro-hydraulic synchronous control system, to push and slide large components assembled on a tooling platform along horizontal tracks to a predetermined position and install them in place. Sliding construction technology demonstrates significant advantages in reducing construction site occupation, lowering equipment requirements, and improving construction accuracy and safety. In recent years, with the rapid development of large steel structure buildings, the application of sliding construction technology has become increasingly widespread.

[0003] The following problems often arise during the construction process of synchronous sliding technology.

[0004] Construction complexity: The sliding process requires synchronization between multiple lifting points, especially in high-altitude or inclined sliding situations, which requires equipment and construction personnel to have high operational precision and technical skills.

[0005] Poor environmental adaptability: During the sliding process, it is greatly affected by external environmental factors such as weather and site limitations. The arrangement of sliding supports and tracks is easily constrained by terrain and weather, which will affect the stability and efficiency of sliding construction.

[0006] Construction safety risks: Synchronization must be maintained during the sliding process. If any sliding point fails or the control system malfunctions, it will lead to instability of the steel structure and even safety accidents.

[0007] High cost of equipment and control systems: Slip jacking technology requires specialized hydraulic jacking equipment and control systems, which incur high procurement and maintenance costs. Especially in large projects, equipment costs significantly impact the overall budget.

[0008] Among the many problems, the reduced slip synchronization caused by the "degradation" of clamping performance due to rail clamp wear has the greatest impact on construction efficiency and risk. The detection device described in this invention is designed for the actual working environment of rail clamps, and can simulate the relative motion of rail clamps and tracks under different loads. It repeatedly considers the dynamic and static performance characteristics of rail clamps, and comprehensively considers the convenience and accuracy of detection, so as to achieve a realistic detection of rail clamping performance. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device and method. This device simulates the relative motion between the rail clamp and the track under different loads, repeatedly considers the dynamic and static performance characteristics of the rail clamp, and comprehensively improves the convenience and accuracy of testing to achieve realistic rail clamping performance testing. The present invention comprehensively simulates the working environment of the rail clamp and conducts comprehensive testing of its static and dynamic clamping performance. It tests the clamping performance from multiple angles, including the rail clamp's slippage, indentation depth, and the surface condition of the slipping track, solving the problems of difficult and unclear testing procedures in traditional rail clamping performance testing. To achieve the above objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device is provided, comprising: Mounting frame, sliding track platform fixedly connected to the mounting frame, rail clamp, sliding push cylinder, load cylinder, track-like roller, pressure accessory and detection component; The installation frame includes a reaction frame and an experimental frame, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other, forming a cross structure. A sliding track platform is fixedly connected to the bottom inside the reaction frame. A rail clamp is installed on the sliding track platform. A pad beam is movably connected to the rail clamp. At least one load cylinder is provided on the pad beam. A mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the load cylinder. A track-like roller is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket. A horizontal loading cylinder is movably connected to the side of the pad beam away from the rail clamp. The pressure accessory is used to control the loading and movement of the load cylinder, the horizontal loading cylinder, and the sliding push cylinder; The detection component is installed on the side of the rail clamp and in the laboratory testing environment; The vertical rated load is applied by the load cylinder, and the pad beam is pushed by the sliding jacking cylinder, thereby detecting the static and dynamic friction coefficients between the pad beam and the sliding track platform. Different vertical rated loads are applied by the load cylinder and the pad beam is pushed by the sliding jacking cylinder. The macroscopic and microscopic damage of the contact plane between the pad beam and the sliding track, as well as the surface of the sliding track, is detected by industrial camera and ultra-depth-of-field 3D microscope. By applying different vertical rated loads with the load cylinder and by providing different horizontal thrusts with the horizontal loading cylinder, the limit clamping force at which the rail clamp does not slip is detected.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding track platform includes a track base and a sliding track. The track base is fixed above the bottom structure of the reaction frame, providing a stable support foundation for the entire sliding track platform. The sliding track is fixed to the track base, supporting the sliding platform and guiding it to slide smoothly along a predetermined track. The sliding platform is slidably connected to the sliding track to achieve the sliding function. The cylinder end of the sliding push cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding platform, and its piston rod end is hinged to the rail clamp, used to accurately transmit the locking force to the rail clamp, ensuring that the rail clamp can stably clamp the track and perform performance testing.

[0011] Preferably, the load cylinder includes a piston rod and a first cylinder. The piston rod is vertically upward, and the track-like rolling wheel assembly is mounted on the top of the piston rod, contacting the structure above the reaction frame to provide a simulated load for the sliding platform. The first cylinder is vertically fixed above the sliding track platform, and the piston rod moves up and down within the cylinder to apply and adjust the load. The load cylinder's loading and movement are controlled by the pressure accessory, providing a simulated vertical load to the sliding platform and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the detection process.

[0012] Preferably, the track-like rolling wheel assembly includes multiple rollers and roller supports. The multiple rollers are evenly distributed circumferentially along the top of the piston rod of the load cylinder, contacting the structure above the reaction frame, and are used to roll on the reaction frame and provide simulated load. The roller supports are fixed to the top of the piston rod to support the multiple rollers and ensure their stable operation. The rollers roll on the structure above the reaction frame, cooperating with the load cylinder to provide simulated load to the sliding platform, thereby simulating the construction site environment and providing reliable conditions for testing the clamping performance of the rail clamp.

[0013] Preferably, the roller support includes a base plate and side plates. The base plate is fixed to the top of the piston rod of the load cylinder, providing a stable support foundation for the entire support structure. The side plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the base plate to fix the rollers, ensuring accurate and secure installation. The rollers are mounted on the side plates via bearings, allowing them to roll freely and operate smoothly on the reaction frame, providing a stable simulated load for the sliding platform and ensuring the smooth progress of the testing process.

[0014] Preferably, the sliding push cylinder includes a second cylinder and a piston rod. One end of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding platform to transmit power and ensure the stability of the sliding platform. One end of the piston rod is hinged to the rail clamp to accurately transmit the locking force to the rail clamp. The sliding push cylinder is controlled to extend and retract by the pressure attachment to apply and adjust the locking force of the rail clamp, ensuring that the rail clamp can stably clamp the rail and perform performance testing, providing crucial support for the normal operation of the testing device.

[0015] Preferably, the reaction frame includes a frame body and a reaction support structure. The frame body is horizontally fixed in the test area, providing a stable support foundation for the entire testing device. The reaction support structure is disposed above the frame body and is used to contact the track-like rolling wheel assembly and provide reaction force. The surface of the reaction support structure contacts the rollers, ensuring that the sliding platform can slide stably under simulated load, thereby simulating the construction site environment, providing reliable conditions for testing the clamping performance of the rail clamp, and ensuring that the test results are accurate and consistent with the construction site conditions.

[0016] A method for testing the clamping performance of a frame-type adjustable load rail clamp includes the following steps: S1. Rail clamp functionality test: Under rated vertical load, the jacking load is changed to make the rail clamp perform clamping-releasing action cycles multiple times to test whether its rail clamping and disengaging functions are normal. Multiple cycle tests are performed, and the maximum number of action cycles that the rail clamp maintains normal clamping function is used as an indicator to measure its clamping and disengagement reliability. After applying heavy load, the entire rail clamp device is subjected to motion test to test whether its heavy load sliding function is normal. The test is repeated multiple times. The teeth of the rail clamp and the rail clamping marks are detected by industrial camera and ultra-depth-of-field 3D microscope. The number of cycles that do not cause obvious damage to the two is used as an indicator to measure clamping durability. S2. After applying the rated vertical load, drive the sliding jacking cylinder to detect the static and dynamic friction coefficients between the pad beam and the track, and verify the smoothness of the mechanism during start-up, shutdown and movement. S3. Sliding surface ultimate load test: Apply different vertical loads, start the test device to push and slide, and then remove the rail clamp. Take samples and cut them on the sliding plane where the 4-pad beam contacts the rail and the contact surface of the rail to make samples that can be inspected by a super depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope. Then, use an industrial camera and a super depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope to inspect the samples of the two contact surfaces under different loads to obtain the macroscopic and microscopic damage of the contact surfaces. Define the maximum load that cannot be distinguished by the naked eye but has a risk in the microscopic state as the critical point for safe use. S4. The drive horizontal loading cylinder applies different horizontal thrusts T, and the load cylinder applies different vertical loads F. The two work together to test the ultimate clamping force F that prevents the rail clamp from slipping. max=T+f(F+G 结构 f is the dynamic friction coefficient obtained by S2 detection. The morphology of the rail clamp teeth and the meshing rail plane under this condition is detected (including industrial camera detection and electron microscopy detection) to obtain the macroscopic and microscopic manifestations of its surface morphology, and to determine the load critical point corresponding to the normal use of the clamping force; S5. The angle of the sliding jacking cylinder arranged at an incline on the rail clamp will change during the movement. Detect the angle α between it and the horizontal rail to determine the range in which it can work normally without causing the rail clamp to tip over.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention, through a frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device and method, enables comprehensive and accurate testing of rail clamping performance in a laboratory environment. By simulating actual construction site sliding conditions, and utilizing key components such as a sliding track platform, load cylinder, and track-like rolling wheel assembly, the device monitors and records in real time the clamping force, sliding distance, rail clamping marks, and surface damage of the rail clamp under different load conditions. Simultaneously, by combining various testing components such as industrial cameras, hydraulic sensors, and ultra-depth-of-field 3D microscopes, performance data of the rail clamp can be obtained from multiple dimensions, accurately measuring the difference between the actual performance parameters and design parameters. Based on the test results, potential problems in the design or manufacturing of the rail clamp can be identified, and corresponding adjustments and improvements can be made, thereby effectively improving the reliability and stability of the rail clamp in practical applications and avoiding safety hazards and economic losses caused by insufficient performance of the rail clamp at the construction site. 2. After testing using the detection device and method of this invention, the clamping performance of the rail clamp is optimized. Construction personnel can accurately control the usage intensity of the rail clamp based on the test results, rationally arrange the maintenance cycle of the rail clamp, and promptly identify potential faults during rail clamp operation, thereby effectively improving the safety of the rail clamp operation. Furthermore, the optimized rail clamp can extend its service life while ensuring safety, reducing equipment procurement costs, transportation costs, and installation and commissioning costs caused by frequent rail clamp replacements. At the same time, reducing the frequency of equipment replacement also means reducing construction downtime caused by equipment replacement, improving construction efficiency, and further reducing operating costs. From an environmental protection perspective, extending the service life of the rail clamp reduces waste generated from equipment scrapping, indirectly reducing carbon emissions and meeting the requirements of sustainable development. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device and method according to the present invention. Figure 2A three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal structure of the frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device and method according to the present invention. Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the horizontal loading cylinder structure of the frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device and method according to the present invention. Figure 4 The image shows the results of a three-dimensional microscope examination of the frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device and method according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure descriptions: 1- Rail clamp; 2- Reaction frame; 3- Loading cylinder; 4- Pad beam; 5- Experimental frame; 6- Horizontal loading cylinder; 7- Track-type roller; 8- Mounting bracket; 9- Sliding jacking cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figure 1-3 A frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device, comprising: The mounting frame includes a sliding track platform, a rail clamp 1, a sliding push cylinder, a load cylinder 3, a track-like roller 7, pressure accessories, and detection components, all fixedly connected to the mounting frame. The installation frame includes a reaction frame 2 and an experimental frame 5, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other, forming a cross structure. The bottom of the reaction frame 2 is fixedly connected to a sliding track platform. A rail clamp 1 is installed on the sliding track platform. A pad beam 4 is movably connected to the rail clamp 1. At least one load cylinder 3 is provided on the pad beam 4. An installation bracket 8 is fixedly connected to the load cylinder 3. A track-like roller 7 is fixedly connected to the installation bracket 8. A horizontal loading cylinder 6 is movably connected to the side of the pad beam 4 away from the rail clamp 1. The pressure attachment is used to control the loading and movement of the load cylinder 3, the horizontal loading cylinder 6, and the sliding push cylinder 9; The detection component is installed on the side of the rail clamp and in the laboratory testing environment.

[0022] In one embodiment, to test the clamping performance of the rail clamp in actual operation, a frame-type adjustable load testing device was first designed. This testing device evaluates the performance of the rail clamp 1 by detecting relevant parameters such as the sliding distance of the rail clamp 1 when clamping the rail, the rail clamping marks, the surface damage of the rail clamp, and the clamping force. However, once the rail clamp 1 is installed in the actual rail system, subsequent maintenance and performance testing require significant costs. To ensure the reliability and stability of the rail clamp 1's performance before installation, a frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device was designed, namely, the testing device provided by this invention, used to test, verify, and optimize the clamping performance of the rail clamp.

[0023] Specifically, if the rail clamp 1 is applied to a synchronous sliding project, then the sliding track platform is used to simulate the track foundation at the actual construction site, and its dimensions are the same as the actual track dimensions. The reaction frame 2 is used to provide stable reaction force support, and its dimensions and structure are also designed according to the actual construction environment. The sliding platform is used to simulate the sliding process of the rail clamp 1 on the track, which is achieved through the extension and retraction of the sliding jacking cylinder. The sliding jacking cylinder includes conventional components such as a cylinder barrel and a piston rod, with the cylinder barrel end being the fixed end and the piston rod end being the extension and retraction end. The hinge device and connecting components can be of conventional structure, used to realize the relative movement of the two corresponding components at the connection point. The detection components are installed on the side of the rail clamp 1 and the sliding platform to facilitate real-time monitoring of the clamping performance of the rail clamp during subsequent tests.

[0024] Existing rail clamp performance testing methods typically rely on experience gained from actual field operations, making it difficult to conduct a comprehensive performance evaluation of the rail clamp before installation. The testing device of this invention employs multiple sensors, each installed on the rail clamp 1 and sliding platform according to its function and monitoring object. These sensors monitor real-time parameters such as sliding distance, rail clamping marks, surface damage, and clamping force, thereby providing a precise evaluation of the rail clamp 1's performance. The connecting components primarily assist in smoothly fixing each testing component to its corresponding position on the rail clamp 1 and sliding platform. To avoid interference between the sensors and the working structure, additional support structures are required to ensure proper installation and accurate measurement of each sensor.

[0025] In practical applications of the detection device, a vertical load can be applied by the load cylinder 2 to simulate the working state of the rail clamp 1 clamping the rail under different loads. The extension and retraction of the sliding jacking cylinder, controlled by a hydraulic system, provides precise force and displacement control. The sliding platform is moved by the sliding jacking cylinder to simulate the clamping process of the rail clamp 1. For any set clamping state, i.e., the sliding platform moves to a designated position, the previously relevant detection data is returned to the detection system. The actual working state of the detection device is then detected by the detection component. The return value output by the detection system is compared with the measured value of the detection component to determine whether the returned data of each parameter is accurate. This determines whether the sensor is working properly and whether the data transmission is normal, and verifies and evaluates the detection effect (accuracy) of the detection device, providing a data basis for the optimization and improvement of the rail clamp performance.

[0026] This invention uses a frame-type adjustable load detection device to test, verify, and optimize the clamping performance of the rail clamp. This not only improves the performance reliability and stability of the rail clamp 1, but also saves the cost of synchronous sliding or track maintenance, reduces delays and resource waste caused by equipment failure, improves construction safety, and effectively ensures the personal safety of workers. It has significant application value and social and economic benefits.

[0027] In one embodiment, the detection component includes: An industrial camera was used to record the sliding distance of the rail clamp, the rail clamp marks, and the surface damage of the rail clamp after unloading, with a field of view of 70°. A set of hydraulic pressure sensors is used to monitor and record the simulated load in the vertical direction of the sliding platform; One ultra-depth-of-field 3D microscope is used to record the metallographic changes on the surface held by the rail clamp.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the detection component's detection of the clamping performance of the rail clamp 1 is actually the detection of the working condition of its key parts, thereby determining the wear, fatigue, aging, or other abnormalities that may occur in the rail clamp 1 during long-term use. In this embodiment, the key component located at the connection between the rail clamp 1 and the sliding platform is the connecting joint, that is, the connecting joint is fixedly connected between the rail clamp and the sliding platform.

[0029] Specifically, all testing components use conventional testing elements and can be installed by welding or bolting.

[0030] One embodiment. The sliding track platform includes a track base and a sliding track. The track base is fixed above the bottom inside the reaction frame 2 to support the entire sliding track platform. The sliding track is fixed to the track base to support the sliding platform and guide its sliding movement. The sliding platform is slidably connected to the sliding track via the sliding track to achieve the sliding function. The cylinder end of the sliding push cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding platform, and its piston rod end is hinged to the rail clamp 1 to transmit locking force.

[0031] In one embodiment, the load cylinder 3 includes a piston rod and a first cylinder. The piston rod is vertically upward, and the track-like rolling wheel 7 is mounted on the top of the piston rod for contacting the structure above the reaction frame and providing a simulated load. The first cylinder is vertically fixed above the sliding track platform, and the piston rod moves up and down within the cylinder to apply and adjust the load. The load cylinder 3 is controlled by the pressure attachment to load and move, providing a simulated vertical load to the sliding platform and ensuring the accuracy of the detection process.

[0032] In this embodiment, the cylinder barrel of the load cylinder 3 is made of high-strength alloy steel to withstand large load pressures. The piston rod surface is hardened to improve its wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The rollers of the track-like rolling wheel assembly are made of highly wear-resistant materials to adapt to frequent rolling and large load requirements. The pressure accessories include a hydraulic pump station and a control valve assembly, which precisely control the flow and pressure of hydraulic oil to achieve precise control of the load cylinder.

[0033] The track base of the sliding track platform is fixedly connected to the reaction frame 2 using high-strength bolts to ensure its stability during the testing process. The sliding track uses high-precision linear guides to ensure smooth movement of the sliding platform. The hinge between the piston rod of the sliding push cylinder and the rail clamp is a spherical hinge to accommodate the multi-directional force on the rail clamp during operation, while ensuring the flexibility and reliability of the connection.

[0034] In one embodiment, the track-like rolling wheel device 7 includes multiple rollers and roller supports. The multiple rollers are evenly distributed circumferentially along the top of the piston rod of the load cylinder, contacting the structure above the reaction frame, and are used to roll on the reaction frame and provide a simulated load. The roller supports are fixed to the top of the piston rod to support the multiple rollers and ensure their stable operation. The rollers roll on the structure above the reaction frame, cooperating with the load cylinder 3 to provide a simulated load to the sliding platform, achieving a proportional simulation of the construction site environment and providing reliable conditions for testing the clamping performance of the rail clamp.

[0035] The base plate of the roller bracket is bolted to the top of the piston rod of the load cylinder 3, ensuring a secure connection. The side plates of the bracket are evenly distributed circumferentially along the base plate to fix the rollers and ensure accurate installation. The rollers are mounted on the side plates via bearings, allowing them to roll freely and operate smoothly on the reaction frame, providing a stable simulated load for the sliding platform. The diameter and spacing of the rollers are optimized according to actual load requirements to ensure uniform pressure distribution during simulated load operation and avoid localized overload.

[0036] The roller support includes a base plate and side plates. The base plate is fixed to the top of the piston rod of the load cylinder, providing a stable support foundation for the entire support structure. The side plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the base plate to fix the rollers, ensuring accurate and secure installation. The rollers are mounted on the side plates via bearings, allowing them to roll freely and operate smoothly on the reaction frame, providing a stable simulated load for the sliding platform and ensuring the smooth progress of the testing process.

[0037] The shape and size of the support side plates are designed according to the size and number of rollers to ensure effective support and fixation. High-precision deep groove ball bearings are used to ensure smooth roller rolling and long-term operational reliability. The support base plate and support side plates are connected by welding or high-strength bolts to ensure the stability of the overall structure. The support base plate also has mounting holes for fixed connection with the piston rod of the load cylinder, ensuring stability during operation.

[0038] In one embodiment, the sliding push cylinder includes a second cylinder and a piston rod. One end of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding platform to transmit power and ensure the stability of the sliding platform. One end of the piston rod is hinged to the rail clamp to accurately transmit the locking force to the rail clamp. The sliding push cylinder is controlled to extend and retract by the pressure attachment to apply and adjust the locking force of the rail clamp, ensuring that the rail clamp can stably clamp the rail and perform performance testing, providing crucial support for the normal operation of the testing device.

[0039] The connection between the cylinder barrel of the sliding jacking cylinder and the sliding platform is made of high-strength bolts to ensure the strength and reliability of the connection. The hinge between the piston rod and the rail clamp is also hinged to accommodate the multi-directional force on the rail clamp during operation, while ensuring the flexibility and reliability of the connection. The pressure accessory precisely controls the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil to achieve precise control of the sliding jacking cylinder, ensuring that the clamping force of the rail clamp is stable and adjustable during the testing process.

[0040] In one embodiment, the reaction frame 2 includes a frame body and a reaction support structure. The frame body is horizontally fixed in the test area, providing a stable support foundation for the entire testing device. The reaction support structure is disposed above the frame body and is used to contact the track-like rolling wheel assembly and provide reaction force. The surface of the reaction support structure contacts the rollers, ensuring that the sliding platform can slide stably under simulated load, thereby achieving a proportional simulation of the construction site environment, providing reliable conditions for testing the clamping performance of the rail clamp, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0041] The reaction frame is constructed of steel to withstand significant reaction forces and loads. The reaction support structure is connected to the frame via welding or high-strength bolts to ensure overall structural stability. The shape and dimensions of the reaction support structure are designed based on the size and load requirements of the tracked roller assembly to ensure effective reaction force delivery and prevent slippage or deformation during testing.

[0042] One embodiment of a method for testing the clamping performance of a frame-type adjustable load rail clamp includes the following steps: S1. Rail clamp functional testing phase: Under rated vertical load, the jacking load is changed to make the rail clamp perform multiple clamping-releasing action cycles to test whether its rail clamping and disengaging functions are normal. Multiple cycle tests are performed, and the maximum number of action cycles that the rail clamp maintains normal clamping function is obtained as an indicator to measure its clamping and disengagement reliability. After applying heavy load, the entire rail clamp device is subjected to motion test to test whether its heavy load sliding function is normal. The test is repeated multiple times. The teeth of the rail clamp and the rail clamping marks are detected by industrial camera and ultra-depth-of-field 3D microscope. The number of cycles without obvious damage to the two is obtained as an indicator to measure clamping durability.

[0043] S2. After applying the rated vertical load, the pad beam is driven to slide by the sliding jacking cylinder. The static and dynamic friction coefficients between the pad beam and the track are detected to verify the smoothness of the mechanism during start-up, stop and movement. The smaller the difference between the dynamic and static friction coefficients, the better the smoothness of sliding. Taking a rail clamp with a load limit of 400t and a jacking force of 60t as an example, the friction coefficients obtained under different vertical loads are detailed in Table 1: The average static friction coefficient is 0.14 and the average dynamic friction coefficient is 0.11. The difference between the two is within a reasonable range, and the overall movement smoothness of the rail clamp mechanism is good.

[0044] S3. Sliding Surface Ultimate Bearing Capacity Test: Different vertical loads are applied, and after the test device is activated and the track clamp is disassembled, samples are taken and cut from the sliding plane where the pad beam 4 contacts the track, as well as the contact surface of the track, to prepare specimens suitable for 3D microscopy inspection. An industrial camera and a 3D microscope are then used to inspect the specimens on both contact surfaces under different loads, obtaining the macroscopic and microscopic damage to the contact surfaces. The maximum load that is indistinguishable to the naked eye but where a microscopic risk exists is defined as the critical point for safe use. Taking a track clamp with a 400t load limit and a 60t jacking force as an example, the test results of the sliding surface's ultimate bearing capacity are shown in Table 1: Under a vertical load of 370t, the surface condition of the track and sliding surface shows no obvious abnormalities under industrial camera and visual inspection, but microcracks have appeared under ultra-depth-of-field 3D microscopy. Therefore, this load value replaces the traditional 400t load limit as the new critical point for safe use.

[0045] Table 1. Clamping Functionality and Performance Parameter Tests

[0046] Continued table

[0047]

[0048] S4. The drive horizontal loading cylinder applies different horizontal thrusts T, and the load cylinder applies different vertical loads F. The two work together to test the ultimate clamping force F that prevents the rail clamp 1 from slipping. max =T+f(F+G 结构 f is the dynamic friction coefficient obtained by S2 detection. The morphology of the rail clamp 1 teeth and the meshing track plane under this condition was detected (including industrial camera detection and electron microscopy detection) to obtain the macroscopic and microscopic manifestations of its surface morphology, and to determine the load critical point corresponding to normal use of the clamping force. Taking a rail clamp with a load limit of 400t and a top thrust of 60t as an example, the test results of the ultimate clamping force are shown in Table 2: When the rail clamp provides a clamping force of 102.32t, microcracks appeared on the track surface and the tips of the rail clamp teeth, which could only be detected by ultra-depth-of-field three-dimensional microscopy. Compared with the traditional single visual inspection method, the starting point of damage development was more accurately discovered. Therefore, 102.32t was taken as the load critical point corresponding to the ultimate clamping force under normal use of this type of rail clamp.

[0049] Table 2 Ultimate Clamping Force Test

[0050] S5. The angle of the sliding jacking cylinder, which is inclined on the rail clamp, changes during movement. The initial angle between the cylinder and the horizontal rail is α. When this angle is too small, the rail clamp will tip over and cannot maintain a horizontal clamping state with the rail. When the angle is too large, the rail clamp cannot effectively provide sliding jacking force. The minimum angle that allows the rail clamp to work normally without tipping over is usually selected as the recommended working angle. Taking a rail clamp with a load limit of 400t and a jacking force of 60t as an example, the working angle test of its sliding jacking cylinder is shown in Table 3: Under a rated load of 400t, when the initial angle of the sliding jacking cylinder is greater than or equal to 23.1°, the rail clamp maintains good contact with the rail throughout the movement. When the angle is less than 23.1°, the rail clamp will tip over, and the clamping performance with the rail will decrease. After testing, the recommended working angle of the sliding jacking cylinder of this type of rail clamp is 23.1°.

[0051] Table 3 Recommended Working Angle Test for Sliding Push Cylinder

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, the first image displays the track sample after the sliding test, the second image shows it before the test, and the third image shows the track sample after the maximum clamping force test. As shown in the images, the track surface exhibits brushed scratches after sliding, accompanied by microcracks. Microcracks appeared on the track surface both before and after the maximum clamping force test, but the density and distribution of the microcracks after the test indicate a clear change in their properties, with the cracks showing a network-like propagation trend. At this point, the track requires maintenance and replacement.

[0053] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for simplification of the invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of this invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Although embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for this invention, and further modifications can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device, characterized in that, include: The mounting frame, the sliding track platform fixedly connected to the mounting frame, the rail clamp, the sliding jacking cylinder, the load cylinder, the track-like roller, the pressure accessory, and the detection assembly; the track-like roller includes: Multiple rollers are evenly distributed circumferentially along the top of the piston rod of the load cylinder and contact the upper surface inside the reaction frame. A roller bracket fixed to the piston rod is used to support the plurality of rollers; The roller support includes: A support base plate fixed to the top of the piston rod of the load cylinder and support side plates evenly arranged along the circumference of the support base plate; the roller is mounted on the support side plates by bearings and can roll freely. The installation frame includes a reaction frame and an experimental frame, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other, forming a cross structure. A sliding track platform is fixedly connected to the bottom inside the reaction frame. A rail clamp is installed on the sliding track platform. A pad beam is movably connected to the rail clamp. At least one load cylinder is provided on the pad beam. A mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the load cylinder. A track-like roller is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket. A horizontal loading cylinder is movably connected to the side of the pad beam away from the rail clamp. The pressure accessory is used to control the loading and movement of the load cylinder, the horizontal loading cylinder, and the sliding push cylinder; The detection component is installed on the side of the rail clamp and in the laboratory testing environment; The vertical rated load is applied by the load cylinder, and the pad beam is pushed by the sliding jacking cylinder, thereby detecting the static and dynamic friction coefficients between the pad beam and the sliding track platform. Different vertical rated loads are applied by the load cylinder and the pad beam is pushed by the sliding jacking cylinder. The macroscopic and microscopic damage of the contact plane between the pad beam and the sliding track, as well as the surface of the sliding track, is detected by industrial camera and ultra-depth-of-field 3D microscope. By applying different vertical rated loads with the load cylinder and by providing different horizontal thrusts with the horizontal loading cylinder, the limit clamping force at which the rail clamp does not slip is detected.

2. The frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection component includes: An industrial camera was used to record the sliding distance of the rail clamp, the rail clamp marks, and the surface damage after the rail clamp was unloaded, with a field of view of 70°. Multiple hydraulic sensors are used to monitor and record the simulated load in the vertical direction of the sliding track platform; An ultra-depth-of-field 3D microscope is used to detect metallographic changes on the clamping surface of a rail clamp.

3. The frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding track platform includes: A track base, which is fixed to the bottom inside the reaction frame; A sliding track, which is fixedly connected to the track base; The sliding track platform is fixedly connected to a sliding jacking cylinder, and the piston rod end of the sliding jacking cylinder is hinged to a rail clamp.

4. The frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The load cylinder includes: A piston rod, wherein the piston rod is arranged in a vertical direction and a track-like roller is fixedly connected to the top end of the piston rod; A first cylinder is arranged vertically, and the piston rod is located inside the cylinder and moves vertically.

5. The frame-type adjustable load rail clamping performance testing device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding push cylinder includes: The second cylinder has a sliding track platform fixedly connected to one end; The second piston rod, one end of which is hinged to the rail clamp, is controlled by the sliding push cylinder through the pressure accessory to extend and retract, transmitting locking force to the rail clamp.

6. A method for testing the clamping performance of a frame-type adjustable load rail clamp, applied to a frame-type adjustable load rail clamp clamping performance testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Rail clamp functionality test: Under rated vertical load, the jacking load is changed to make the rail clamp perform clamping-releasing action cycles multiple times to test whether its rail clamping and disengaging functions are normal. Multiple cycle tests are performed, and the maximum number of action cycles that the rail clamp maintains normal clamping function is used as an indicator to measure its clamping and disengagement reliability. After applying heavy load, the entire rail clamp device is subjected to motion test to test whether its heavy load sliding function is normal. The test is repeated multiple times. The teeth of the rail clamp and the rail clamping marks are detected by industrial camera and ultra-depth-of-field 3D microscope. The number of cycles that do not cause obvious damage to the two is used as an indicator to measure clamping durability. S2. After applying the rated vertical load, drive the sliding jacking cylinder to detect the static and dynamic friction coefficients between the pad beam and the track; verify the smoothness of the mechanism's start-up, shutdown, and movement process based on the difference in static and dynamic friction coefficients. S3. Sliding surface ultimate load test: Apply different vertical loads, start the test device to push and slide, and then remove the rail clamp. Take samples and cut them on the sliding plane where the pad beam contacts the rail and the contact surface of the rail to make samples that can be inspected by a super depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope. Then, use an industrial camera and a super depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope to inspect the samples of the two contact surfaces under different loads to obtain the macroscopic and microscopic damage of the contact surfaces. Define the maximum load that cannot be distinguished by the naked eye but has a risk in the microscopic state as the critical point for safe use. S4. The drive horizontal loading cylinder applies different horizontal thrusts T, and the load cylinder applies different vertical loads F. The two work together to test the ultimate clamping force F that prevents the rail clamp from slipping. max =T+f(F+G 结构 f is the dynamic friction coefficient obtained by S2 detection; the morphology of the rail clamp teeth and the track plane meshing under this condition is detected to obtain the macroscopic and microscopic manifestations of its surface morphology, and to determine the load critical point corresponding to the normal use of the clamping force. S5. The angle of the sliding jacking cylinder arranged at an incline on the rail clamp will change during the movement. Detect the angle α between it and the horizontal rail to determine the range in which it can work normally without causing the rail clamp to tip over.

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