一种数控机床自适应加工参数优化方法及系统

By establishing an adaptive machining parameter optimization system for CNC machine tools, and combining knowledge graphs and improved particle swarm optimization algorithms, machining parameters are adjusted in real time, solving the problem of low efficiency in parameter optimization in traditional methods. This achieves a dynamic balance between machining quality, efficiency, and cost, and improves the intelligence level of CNC machine tools.

CN122044070BActive Publication Date: 2026-07-17NANTONG GUBANG NUMERICAL CONTROL MASCH TOOL CO LTD

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
NANTONG GUBANG NUMERICAL CONTROL MASCH TOOL CO LTD
Filing Date
2026-04-17
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Traditional CNC machine tool machining parameter optimization methods rely on human experience, making it difficult to fully consider the coupled effects of multiple factors. They are prone to getting trapped in local optima, resulting in low optimization efficiency and difficulty in achieving a balance between machining quality, efficiency, and cost.

Method used

By collecting CNC machine tool parameters, material properties, tool parameters, and historical data, an initial database of machining parameters is established. A knowledge graph and estimation model of the machining process are constructed. An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used, combined with real-time working condition data, to perform adaptive parameter optimization and dynamically adjust the machining parameters to meet multiple constraints.

Benefits of technology

It enables rapid solution of the global optimal parameter combination under multiple constraints, reduces resource waste, improves machining stability, extends tool life, reduces production costs, has strong adaptive capabilities, and is suitable for various CNC machine tool machining scenarios such as metal cutting, milling, and drilling.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种数控机床自适应加工参数优化方法及系统,涉及机床控制技术领域,具体步骤为:S1、收集数控机床参数、加工材料特性、刀具参数与历史加工数据,建立加工参数初始数据库;设定机床硬件约束、加工质量约束、刀具寿命约束与生产成本约束,形成约束参数集合;S2、通过传感器实时采集加工过程中的机床参数,对采集到的工况数据进行预处理。本发明采用改进型粒子群优化算法迭代得到初始优化参数;在加工中实时采集数据、更新估计结果,若出现偏差则动态修正参数;能在多约束条件下,毫秒级求解全局最优参数组合,摒弃了固定参数模式的资源浪费,实现了加工效率、刀具成本与能耗的动态平衡,达成单台设备效益最大化。
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