A natural water treatment method

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for treating natural water, relating to the field of water treatment technology. The invention constructs a hydrodynamically stimulated environment within a water treatment reaction channel and deploys a flexible piezoelectric fiber array along the water flow direction. This causes the flexible piezoelectric fibers to undergo periodic bending vibrations under the influence of natural water flow or assisted hydrodynamic forces, thereby forming a distributed, non-uniform piezoelectric micro-field in situ on the fiber surface and in the adjacent water body. This micro-field continuously disturbs the hydration structure, ion distribution, and microbial membrane potential in the water body, causing instability or attenuation of pollutant molecular structures and biological activity. Under illumination, the piezoelectric field and photocatalysis synergistically generate active free radicals, achieving the degradation of organic pollutants and the inactivation of microorganisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, specifically a method for treating natural water. Background Technology

[0002] Natural water (such as surface water, groundwater, river and lake water) typically undergoes disinfection, removal of organic matter, removal of microorganisms, and stabilization of water quality before being used for drinking or industrial purposes. Existing water treatment technologies mainly include physical filtration, chemical dosing, electrochemical treatment, and photocatalysis or advanced oxidation processes. Among these, physical filtration technologies (such as sand filtration and membrane filtration) primarily rely on pore size interception or surface adsorption to remove pollutants. However, they mainly target particulate pollutants and have little impact on dissolved organic matter, microbial activity, and molecular-level contamination. Furthermore, the filter media is highly susceptible to biofouling and scaling, requiring frequent backwashing or replacement, resulting in high operating and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a natural water treatment method, comprising the following steps: Step 1, constructing a hydrodynamic excitation environment: introducing the natural water to be treated into a water treatment reaction channel, and setting a hydrodynamic control module within the water treatment reaction channel; Step 2, deploying a flexible piezoelectric fiber array: deploying at least one set of flexible piezoelectric fiber array modules along the water flow direction within the water treatment reaction channel, the flexible piezoelectric fiber array module comprising multiple flexible piezoelectric fiber units with one end fixed and the other end freely swinging; Step 3, water flow-induced mechanical vibration: utilizing the flow and scouring of natural water in the hydrodynamic excitation environment, causing the flexible piezoelectric fiber units to generate periodic bending vibrations without relying on an external power source; since the flexible piezoelectric fiber units are constantly vibrating, it is difficult for adhering substances to remain for a long time, thus achieving a self-cleaning effect. Step 4: In-situ piezoelectric field generation: The flexible piezoelectric fiber unit generates a piezoelectric effect during periodic bending vibration, forming a distributed, non-uniform microscale in-situ electric field on its surface and in the surrounding water. This is a local, interface-level, nano- to micrometer-scale, and persistent potential disturbance. Step 5: Micro-field disturbance reconstruction: The in-situ electric field obtained in Step 4 is used to continuously disturb dissolved ions, hydration structures, and microbial cell membrane potential in the water, causing a non-equilibrium micro-electrochemical state inside the water. Step 6: Pollutant structural instability: Under the non-equilibrium micro-electrochemical state obtained in Step 5, the spatial configuration, surface charge distribution, or physiological activity of bacteria, viruses, organic pollutants, and colloidal particles in the water become unstable or decay. Step 7: Natural separation and decay: Through water flow migration, time retention, and the continuous action of the in-situ electric field, the unstable or inactive pollutants undergo natural sedimentation, aggregation, or biological activity decay. Step 8: Stabilization effluent step: The water treated in Steps 1-7 is discharged.

[0004] Preferably, the electric field strength of the in-situ piezoelectric field obtained in step 4 is within the micro-field range that will not trigger the electrolysis reaction of the water body, and is only used to induce the structural instability of pollutants and inhibit biological activity.

[0005] Preferably, the hydrodynamic control module includes a drive rotating stator cavity fixedly embedded inside the water treatment reaction channel. An electromagnetic coil winding is embedded inside the drive rotating stator cavity, and the electromagnetic coil winding is insulated from the liquid inside the water treatment reaction channel. An excitation rotating rotor body is rotatably mounted inside the drive rotating stator cavity. Multiple permanent magnets, magnetically engaged with the electromagnetic coil winding inside the drive rotating stator cavity, are uniformly embedded on the circumferential surface of the excitation rotating rotor body. The electromagnetic coil winding inside the drive rotating stator cavity is energized to drive the excitation rotating rotor body to rotate within the drive rotating stator cavity.

[0006] Preferably, the inner wall of the excitation rotating rotor body has multiple blade insertion chambers along its axial direction, and each blade is oscillatingly mounted in one chamber. The blades are rotatably connected to the blade insertion chambers via a swing rod, which is fixed inside the chamber. A torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection point between the blade and the swing rod. This torsion spring drives the blade to oscillate away from the blade insertion chamber. Furthermore, the water resistance on the blade is greater than the force exerted on the blade by the torsion spring.

[0007] Preferably, a recessed groove is provided on the end face of the excitation rotating rotor body, and a pressure ring is fixed in the recessed groove. The pressure ring is used to restrict the swinging rod on the blade insertion chamber to prevent the swinging rod from separating from the blade insertion chamber. In addition, multiple limiting protrusions are fixedly installed on the pressure ring to limit the swing angle of the blade.

[0008] Preferably, the flexible piezoelectric fiber array module includes an embedded layer tube embedded inside the water treatment reaction channel. Multiple equally spaced crossbars are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the embedded layer tube, and multiple equally spaced triangular vortex generators are fixedly installed between two adjacent crossbars.

[0009] Preferably, the fixed end of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit is fixed on the triangular vortex generator.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention generates a distributed, non-uniform in-situ piezoelectric micro-field directly on the fiber surface and in the water body adjacent to it by periodic mechanical vibration of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit under the induction of natural water flow, and the electric field does not depend on the external power supply system; (2) The intensity of the piezoelectric micro-field generated in the present invention is within the safe micro-field range, and only acts on the fiber surface and the adjacent nano- to micro-scale water body area, without causing electrolysis or side reactions of the whole water body. The micro-field can continuously disturb the hydration structure, ion distribution and microbial membrane potential, so that the molecular structure, surface charge state and physiological activity of pollutants gradually become unstable or decay, thus avoiding the by-product problems caused by traditional strong electric fields or chemical oxidation from the mechanism level; (3) The flexible piezoelectric fiber unit of the present invention is always in a periodic oscillation state under the action of water flow and Karman vortex street, and the biofilm, colloid or particles attached to the fiber surface are difficult to form long-term stable deposits, thus achieving a self-cleaning effect from the structure. Unlike traditional fixed filter media or electrodes, this invention does not require backwashing, chemical cleaning, or shutdown maintenance, effectively reducing the risk of scaling and maintenance frequency during operation and improving the long-term stability of the system; (4) Under the conditions of loading photocatalytic particles on the surface of flexible piezoelectric fibers and introducing natural light or weak artificial light, the piezoelectric micro-field and photoexcitation process work together to suppress electron-hole recombination and significantly improve the generation efficiency of active free radicals. These free radicals are generated locally at the fiber interface and participate in the reaction, forming an in-situ reaction environment similar to a flow-based advanced oxidation process, realizing the gradual decomposition of organic pollutants and microbial inactivation, while avoiding the addition of strong oxidants and dependence on high-energy light sources in traditional AOP; (5) By setting a selectively startable hydrodynamic control module, this invention actively provides controllable flow energy when the natural water flow speed is insufficient, so that the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit is always maintained in the high-efficiency vibration frequency range. This hydrodynamic enhancement is not a continuous forced operation, but is started and stopped as needed according to the water flow state, so that the system can adapt to natural hydrodynamic fluctuations. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the overall method of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water treatment reaction channel structure of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the installation position of the blades in this invention.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the installation position of the drive rotating stator cavity in this invention.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrodynamic control module of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the blade insertion chamber structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible piezoelectric fiber array module of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the assembly method of the triangular vortex generator and the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 101-Inserted tube; 102-Horizontal support rod; 103-Triangular vortex generator; 104-Flexible piezoelectric fiber unit; 201-Excited rotating rotor body; 202-Permanent magnet; 203-Sinking trough; 204-Blade insertion chamber; 205-Oscillating rod; 206-Blade; 207-Pressure ring; 208-Limiting protrusion; 209-Driven rotating stator cavity; 301-Water treatment reaction channel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-9This invention provides a natural water treatment method, comprising the following steps: Step 1, constructing a hydrodynamic excitation environment: introducing the natural water to be treated into a water treatment reaction channel 301, and setting a hydrodynamic control module within the water treatment reaction channel 301; Step 2, deploying a flexible piezoelectric fiber array: deploying at least one set of flexible piezoelectric fiber array modules along the water flow direction within the water treatment reaction channel 301, the flexible piezoelectric fiber array module comprising multiple flexible piezoelectric fiber units 104 with one end fixed and the other end freely swinging; Step 3, water flow-induced mechanical vibration: utilizing the flow and scouring of natural water in the hydrodynamic excitation environment, causing the flexible piezoelectric fiber units 104 to generate periodic bending vibrations without relying on an external power source; since the flexible piezoelectric fiber units 104 are constantly vibrating, it is difficult for adhering substances to remain for a long time, thus playing a self-cleaning role. Step 4, In-situ piezoelectric field generation: The flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104 generates a piezoelectric effect during periodic bending vibration, forming a distributed, non-uniform microscale in-situ electric field on its surface and in the surrounding water. This is a local, interface-level, nano- to micro-scale, and persistent potential disturbance. Step 5, Micro-field disturbance reconstruction: The in-situ electric field obtained in Step 4 is used to continuously disturb dissolved ions, hydration structures, and microbial cell membrane potential in the water, causing a non-equilibrium micro-electrochemical state inside the water. Step 6, Pollutant structural instability: Under the non-equilibrium micro-electrochemical state obtained in Step 5, the spatial configuration, surface charge distribution, or physiological activity of bacteria, viruses, organic pollutants, and colloidal particles in the water become unstable or decay. Step 7, Natural separation and decay: Through water flow migration, time retention, and the continuous action of the in-situ electric field, the unstable or inactive pollutants undergo natural sedimentation, aggregation, or biological activity decay. Step 8, Stabilization effluent step: The water treated in Steps 1-7 is discharged.

[0023] Flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104 is a flexible polarized piezoelectric polymer material that can be constructed into a fiber morphology (e.g., Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) Flexible piezoelectric materials are processed into micron-sized fibers, filamentous structures, and flexible strips, which are then woven together. This is because the fibers are thin, have a large aspect ratio, are easily driven by hydrodynamics, and have a low elastic modulus, allowing deformation even from small water flows (not due to high speed, but rather turbulence and eddy shedding). When the materials bend or vibrate under the influence of water flow, a change in charge distribution occurs on the surface in contact with the water, thus creating a micro-electric field environment at the water phase interface. Working principle: The molecular chains contain permanent dipole moments and non-centrosymmetric crystalline regions. When the fibers bend or stretch, the molecular chain orientation changes, and the centers of positive and negative charges undergo minute displacements, resulting in natural charge accumulation on the fiber surface. The piezoelectric charge does not form a macroscopic uniform electric field, but rather a highly non-uniform micro-electric field gradient on the surface of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104, the nanoscale rough structure, and the edges of the catalytic particles (the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104 is loaded with catalytic particles). This micro-electric field produces three types of effects on substances in water: water molecule orientation polarization (…). The process involves several key aspects: dipole moment rearrangement, migration of charged pollutants (local enrichment of heavy metal ions and colloids), and weakening of molecular bond energies (C–C, C–N, and C–S bonds in organic matter are loosened). In addition, a transparent pipe, capable of being illuminated by light, can be connected in series downstream of the flexible piezoelectric fiber array module in the water treatment reaction channel 301 along the water flow direction. Light can also reach the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104. When water flows through the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104, it bends to generate electricity, while fine particles are physically blocked. Under light irradiation, the organic matter is photocatalytically decomposed, producing… Free radicals diffusely reflect in water, inactivating bacteria and viruses. The entire reaction resembles a flowing advanced oxidation process (in traditional AOP: free radicals originate from ozone, ...). Ultraviolet light. This invention originates from water itself. Its principle is as follows: under the action of a micro-electric field, water molecules undergo polarization and transient dissociation, forming on the surface of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104 and near the catalytic particles. Active species. This is an in-situ electro-water activation mechanism, not electrolysis or chemical addition. It only occurs at the interface because the micro-electric field exists only on the surface of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104, with extremely low energy density, and will not trigger side reactions in large volumes of water. Therefore, it is safe, controllable, and does not produce disinfection byproducts. Regarding the catalytic particles: they are uniformly loaded on the fiber surface of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104. Nanoparticles enhance photocatalytic effects. Depending on the needs, iron or copper metals can be added inside or outside the fiber to create microelectrodes to enhance electrochemical reactions, or activated carbon fibers can be embedded to improve the adsorption of organic pollutants and heavy metals. Light is not the primary energy source, but rather a trigger that lowers the activation energy of the reaction. When natural light (or weak artificial light) irradiates the fiber surface, the photocatalytic layer (such as...)... The piezoelectric field generates electron-hole pairs, and the surface electric field produced by the piezoelectricity inhibits electron-hole recombination, extending carrier lifetime. The essence of the synergistic effect is that the piezoelectric field is used to separate charges, and illumination provides excited states, ultimately improving the efficiency of free radical generation. Here, organic pollutant molecules are first polarized, then attacked by free radicals, eventually resulting in side chain breakage, functional group removal, and ring structure cracking. Microbial cell membranes are electrochemically damaged, protein conformation becomes unstable, and DNA breaks. Therefore, no drug resistance or residual resistance issues arise. The electric field strength of the in-situ piezoelectric field obtained in step 4 is within a micro-field range that will not trigger water electrolysis; it is only used to induce pollutant structural instability and inhibit biological activity.

[0024] The hydrodynamic control module includes a drive rotating stator cavity 209 fixedly embedded inside the water treatment reaction channel 301. An electromagnetic coil winding is embedded inside the drive rotating stator cavity 209, and the electromagnetic coil winding is insulated from the liquid inside the water treatment reaction channel 301. An excitation rotating rotor body 201 is rotatably mounted inside the drive rotating stator cavity 209. Multiple permanent magnets 202 are evenly embedded on the circumferential surface of the excitation rotating rotor body 201, which magnetically engage with the electromagnetic coil winding inside the drive rotating stator cavity 209. The electromagnetic coil winding inside the drive rotating stator cavity 209 is energized to drive the excitation rotating rotor body 201 to rotate within the drive rotating stator cavity 209. The inner wall of the excitation rotating rotor 201 has multiple blade insertion chambers 204 along its axial direction. Each blade insertion chamber 204 contains a blade 206 that is oscillatingly mounted. The blade 206 and the blade insertion chamber 204 are rotatably engaged via a swing rod 205, which is fixed within the blade insertion chamber 204. A torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection point between the blade 206 and the swing rod 205. This torsion spring drives the blade 206 to oscillate away from the blade insertion chamber 204. Furthermore, the resistance of the water to the blade 206 is greater than the force exerted on the blade 206 by the torsion spring. The end face of the excitation rotating rotor 201 is provided with a recessed groove 203. A pressure ring 207 is fixed in the recessed groove 203. The pressure ring 207 is used to restrict the swinging rod 205 on the blade insertion chamber 204 to prevent the swinging rod 205 from separating from the blade insertion chamber 204. In addition, multiple limiting protrusions 208 are fixedly installed on the pressure ring 207. The limiting protrusions 208 are used to limit the swing angle of the blade 206. Based on the natural flow velocity of the water, the hydrodynamic control module is selectively activated. It activates when the water flow velocity is too low (i.e., insufficient water pressure, meaning the high-frequency vibration requirements of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104 cannot be met). The working principle of the hydrodynamic control module is as follows: The magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil winding inside the rotating stator cavity 209 drives the permanent magnet 202 to rotate. Since the permanent magnet 202 is fixed to the excitation rotating rotor 201, the excitation rotating rotor 201 will rotate. The excitation rotating rotor 201 then drives the blades 206 on the swing rod 205 to rotate. Before this, control is required. The cessation of water flow brings the water to a standstill. Under the action of the torsion spring, the blade 206 swings out of the blade insertion chamber 204 (conversely, when the hydrodynamic control module is not working, the water flow overcomes the torsion of the torsion spring at the connection between the swing rod 205 and the blade 206, pushing the blade 206 to swing into the blade insertion chamber 204). This excites the rotation of the rotating rotor 201, which in turn drives the blade 206 to rotate. The rotation of the blade 206 pushes the water flow axially, that is, towards the flexible piezoelectric fiber array module, providing additional energy for the vibration of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104.

[0025] The flexible piezoelectric fiber array module includes an embedded layer tube 101 inside the water treatment reaction channel 301. Multiple equally spaced crossbars 102 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the embedded layer tube 101. Multiple equally spaced triangular vortex generators 103 are fixedly installed between adjacent crossbars 102. The fixed end of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104 is fixed to the triangular vortex generator 103. The working principle of the flexible piezoelectric fiber array module is as follows: When water flows past the triangular vortex generator 103, regular vortices (Karman vortex streets) are generated behind the triangular vortex generator 103 (i.e., in the direction of water flow). Since the frequency of the vortex generation is proportional to the fluid velocity, the faster the water flow, the higher the vortex frequency. The water flow velocity is controlled by the hydrodynamic control module. This alternating and regular vortex causes the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104 to vibrate periodically, naturally forming charge accumulation on the surface of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit 104, thus constituting an in-situ piezoelectric electric field. It should be noted that this invention is not a standalone entity, but rather a separate component of the overall natural water treatment process for the treatment of dissolved organic matter and microorganisms.

Claims

1. A method for treating natural water, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Construction of hydrodynamic excitation environment: The natural water to be treated is introduced into the water treatment reaction channel (301), and a hydrodynamic control module is set up in the water treatment reaction channel (301); The hydrodynamic control module includes a drive rotating stator cavity (209) fixedly embedded inside the water treatment reaction channel (301). An electromagnetic coil winding is embedded inside the drive rotating stator cavity (209), and the electromagnetic coil winding is insulated from the liquid inside the water treatment reaction channel (301). An excitation rotating rotor body (201) is rotatably mounted inside the drive rotating stator cavity (209). A plurality of permanent magnets that magnetically cooperate with the electromagnetic coil winding inside the drive rotating stator cavity (209) are uniformly embedded on the circumferential surface of the excitation rotating rotor body (201). (202); The inner wall of the excitation rotating rotor (201) is provided with multiple blade insertion chambers (204) along its own axis, and each blade insertion chamber (204) is oscillatingly installed with blades (206); the blades (206) and the blade insertion chambers (204) are rotatably engaged by a swing rod (205), the swing rod (205) is fixed in the blade insertion chamber (204), the blades (206) and the swing rod (205) are rotatably engaged, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection position between the blades (206) and the swing rod (205); Step 2, Flexible piezoelectric fiber array deployment: At least one set of flexible piezoelectric fiber array modules is deployed in the water treatment reaction channel (301) along the water flow direction. The flexible piezoelectric fiber array module includes multiple flexible piezoelectric fiber units (104) with one end fixed and the other end swinging freely. Step 3, Water flow induced mechanical vibration: The flexible piezoelectric fiber unit (104) is made to generate periodic bending vibration by utilizing the flow and scouring of natural water in the hydrodynamic excitation environment without relying on an external power source. Step 4: In-situ piezoelectric field generation: The flexible piezoelectric fiber unit (104) undergoes piezoelectric effect during periodic bending vibration, forming a distributed, non-uniform microscale in-situ electric field on its surface and in the surrounding water. Step 5, Micro-electric field perturbation reconstruction: The in-situ electric field obtained in step 4 is used to continuously perturb the dissolved ions, hydration structures and microbial cell membrane potential in the water, so that a non-equilibrium micro-electrochemical state is formed inside the water. Step 6, Pollutant structural instability: Under the non-equilibrium micro-electrochemical state obtained in Step 5, the spatial configuration, surface charge distribution, or physiological activity of bacteria, viruses, organic pollutants, and colloidal particles in the water body become unstable or decrease. Step 7, Natural Separation and Attenuation: Through water flow migration, time retention and the continuous action of the in-situ electric field, the unstable or inactive pollutants undergo natural sedimentation, aggregation or biological activity attenuation. Step 8, Stabilization and Effluent Discharge: The water treated in Steps 1-7 is discharged.

2. The natural water treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric field strength of the in-situ piezoelectric field obtained in step 4 is within the micro-field range that will not trigger the electrolysis reaction in the water body, and is only used to induce structural instability of pollutants and inhibit biological activity.

3. The natural water treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face of the excitation rotating rotor body (201) is provided with a recessed groove (203), and a pressure ring (207) is fixed in the recessed groove (203). The pressure ring (207) is used to restrict the swinging rod (205) on the blade insertion chamber (204) to prevent the swinging rod (205) from separating from the blade insertion chamber (204). In addition, multiple limiting protrusions (208) are fixedly installed on the pressure ring (207). The limiting protrusions (208) are used to limit the swing angle of the blade (206).

4. The natural water treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flexible piezoelectric fiber array module includes an embedded layer tube (101) embedded inside the water treatment reaction channel (301). Multiple equally spaced crossbars (102) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the embedded layer tube (101), and multiple equally spaced triangular vortex generators (103) are fixedly installed between two adjacent crossbars (102).

5. A natural water treatment method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed end of the flexible piezoelectric fiber unit (104) is fixed on the triangular vortex generator (103).

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