Sand-laden water transfer line and method of transfer

Abstract

The present application relates to water pipeline technology field, provide a kind of sand-containing water conveying pipeline, including several single pipes and water flow state monitoring device, water flow state monitoring device includes at least one first monitoring mechanism for monitoring water flow temperature and at least one second monitoring mechanism for monitoring water flow viscosity and water flow pressure, first monitoring mechanism is arranged in the middle of single pipe, first monitoring mechanism includes multiple magnetic nano temperature sensors that are attached to the single pipe and magnetic field excitation component for generating magnetic field around magnetic nano temperature sensor, second monitoring mechanism is arranged at the end of single pipe, all first monitoring mechanisms and all second monitoring mechanisms are commonly connected with data processing module in communication.It can be real-time collected that sand-containing water flow viscosity, water flow pressure and water flow temperature, so as to accurately calculate the flow and flow rate of sand-containing water based on the comprehensive data of multi-physical field coupling, ensure that the delivery of sand-containing water can be accurately controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pipeline technology, specifically to a sand-containing water transportation pipeline and transportation method. Background Technology

[0002] Pipeline water transport serves as a crucial infrastructure for agricultural irrigation, water storage, and rural water supply, playing a core role in water resource allocation. In practical applications, agricultural irrigation pipelines primarily draw water from natural water bodies, which often contain a certain amount of sediment, forming a two-phase sediment-laden water medium. To meet the real-time control requirements of precision irrigation and smart water management, continuous and accurate monitoring of key hydraulic parameters such as the flow velocity and flow rate of the sediment-laden water within the pipeline is necessary.

[0003] Currently, technologies used for pipeline flow velocity measurement can be mainly divided into two categories: contact and non-contact. Contact measurement methods (such as turbine flow meters and contact electromagnetic flow meters) rely on direct contact between the sensing element and the fluid to achieve measurement. While they offer high accuracy in clean water conditions, in sandy water flows, the sensor surface is easily worn, adhered to, or clogged, affecting measurement stability and potentially disturbing the local flow field, thus reducing measurement accuracy. Non-contact measurement methods (such as ultrasonic flow meters, laser Doppler velocimeters, and non-contact electromagnetic flow meters) avoid flow field interference in principle, but their measurement effectiveness is highly dependent on medium conditions, such as requiring homogeneous, transparent fluids or low-bubble content. In sandy water conditions, the presence of particles can cause signal attenuation, scattering, or abnormal reflection, leading to decreased measurement accuracy and limited system adaptability.

[0004] In summary, existing flow velocity measurement technologies generally suffer from insufficient adaptability and unstable dynamic response when dealing with pipeline transportation of sediment-laden water, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of modern irrigation areas and rural water supply systems for in-situ, real-time, and high-precision measurement of flow velocity parameters under complex media conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a sand-containing water transport pipeline and transport method. By setting up a water flow status monitoring device, the water flow viscosity, water flow pressure, and water flow temperature of the sand-containing water can be collected in real time. This allows for accurate calculation of the flow rate and velocity of the sand-containing water based on comprehensive data from multi-physics field coupling, ensuring precise control over the transport of the sand-containing water.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the specific solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a sand-containing water conveyance pipeline, comprising several individual pipes, with adjacent individual pipes connected by a connecting component, and a water flow state monitoring device, comprising at least one first monitoring mechanism for monitoring water flow temperature and at least one second monitoring mechanism for monitoring water flow viscosity and water flow pressure. The first monitoring mechanism is located in the middle of the individual pipe and includes multiple magnetic nano-temperature sensors attached to the individual pipe and a magnetic field excitation component for generating a magnetic field around the magnetic nano-temperature sensors. The second monitoring mechanism is located at the end of the individual pipe. All the first monitoring mechanisms and all the second monitoring mechanisms are communicatively connected to a data processing module. The data processing module is used to generate water flow state parameters based on water flow viscosity, water flow pressure and water flow temperature. The water flow state parameters include the flow velocity, volumetric flow rate and mass flow rate of the sand-containing water. The first monitoring mechanism includes a sleeve fitted on the single tube and a protective tube disposed around the sleeve, with a distance between the sleeve and the protective tube. The magnetic nano temperature sensor is disposed on the sleeve, and multiple magnetic nano temperature sensors are evenly distributed around the circumference of the sleeve.

[0007] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned sand-containing water conveyance pipeline: a sealing ring is fixedly connected to each end of the sleeve, and an end cap is fixedly connected to each end of the protective pipe. The end caps are correspondingly attached to the sealing rings and sealed by the sealing rings.

[0008] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned sand-containing water conveyance pipeline: the magnetic field excitation component includes two Helmholtz coils, both of which are disposed on the sleeve, and the magnetic nano temperature sensor is located between the two Helmholtz coils.

[0009] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned sand-containing water conveyance pipeline: two positioning rings are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the protective pipe, and an elastic pad is provided between the two positioning rings. The elastic pad is used to push the magnetic nano temperature sensor to move towards the single tube.

[0010] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned sand-containing water conveying pipeline: a number of heat-conducting plates are provided on the outer wall of the sleeve, the magnetic nano temperature sensor is closely attached to the heat-conducting plates, and a number of through grooves extending along the length direction are opened on the sleeve, the through grooves are filled with heat-conducting paste.

[0011] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned sand-containing water transport pipeline: the second monitoring mechanism includes an inlet monitoring component and an outlet monitoring component. Both the inlet monitoring component and the outlet monitoring component include a viscosity sensor for monitoring the viscosity of the water flow and a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure of the water flow.

[0012] A method for transporting sediment-laden water, based on the aforementioned sediment-laden water transport pipeline, includes the following steps: Construct the aforementioned delivery pipeline and input the sand-laden water into the delivery pipeline; The first monitoring device is used to monitor the temperature of the sediment-laden water flow, and the second monitoring device is used to monitor the viscosity and pressure of the sediment-laden water flow. The flow velocity of sediment-laden water is calculated based on water temperature, water viscosity, and water pressure. The input of sediment-laden water is adjusted based on flow velocity.

[0013] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned method for transporting sediment-laden water, the method for calculating the flow velocity of the sediment-laden water is as follows: ; in, The density of the water containing sediment. It is the acceleration due to gravity. For the deviatoric stress tensor, For water viscosity, The thermal conductivity of water containing sand, This is a viscous dissipation term. It is Joule fever. For water flow temperature, For water flow pressure, The flow velocity of the sediment-laden water. The symbol is for partial differentials. For gradient operators, For time, This is a transpose.

[0014] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned method for transporting sediment-laden water: after calculating the flow velocity of the sediment-laden water, the flow rate of the sediment-laden water is calculated based on the flow velocity. The flow rate is calculated as follows: ; ; in, For volumetric flow rate, For quality flow, This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the single tube. The direction of the outward normal to the cross-section of the single tube. It is a double integral.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The conveying pipeline of the present invention, by setting up a water flow state monitoring device, can collect the water flow viscosity, water flow pressure and water flow temperature of the sand-containing water in real time, thereby accurately calculating the flow rate and velocity of the sand-containing water based on comprehensive data of multi-physics field coupling, ensuring precise control of the conveying of the sand-containing water; the first monitoring mechanism in the present invention collects the water flow temperature based on a magnetic nano temperature sensor, which has high sensitivity and can accurately and in real time monitor the temperature changes of the sand-containing water, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the calculated flow rate and velocity. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the conveying pipeline of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the first monitoring agency; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective tube.

[0017] Figure descriptions: 1-Single tube, 2-Connecting assembly, 3-Inlet monitoring assembly, 4-First monitoring mechanism, 5-Outlet monitoring assembly, 6-Sleeve, 7-Sealing ring, 8-Sealing ring, 9-End cap, 10-Protective tube, 11-Wire hole, 12-Thermal conductive paste, 13-Heat conductive plate, 14-Magnetic nano-temperature sensor, 15-Elastic pad, 16-Positioning ring, 17-Mounting ring, 18-Helmholtz coil, 19-Through groove, 20-Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention first provides a sediment-laden water transport pipeline, including several individual pipes 1, with adjacent individual pipes 1 connected by a connecting component 2. It also includes a water flow state monitoring device, which includes at least one first monitoring mechanism 4 for monitoring water flow temperature and at least one second monitoring mechanism for monitoring water flow viscosity and water flow pressure. The first monitoring mechanism 4 is located in the middle of the individual pipe 1 and includes multiple magnetic nano-temperature sensors 14 attached to the individual pipe 1 and a magnetic field excitation component for generating a magnetic field around the magnetic nano-temperature sensors 14. The second monitoring mechanism is located at the end of the individual pipe 1. All the first monitoring mechanisms 4 and all the second monitoring mechanisms are communicatively connected to a data processing module. The data processing module generates water flow state parameters based on water flow viscosity, water flow pressure, and water flow temperature. The water flow state parameters include the flow velocity, volumetric flow rate, and mass flow rate of the sediment-laden water.

[0020] When transporting sediment-laden water using the pipeline of the present invention, an appropriate number of individual pipes 1 are selected according to the transport distance, and the individual pipes 1 are sequentially spliced ​​together by the connecting assembly 2 to form a complete pipeline. On the other hand, a water flow monitoring device is installed on the transport pipeline. Specifically, at least one first monitoring mechanism 4 and one second monitoring mechanism are provided. The first monitoring mechanism 4 is located in the middle of one of the individual pipes 1, and the second monitoring mechanism is located at the ends of the individual pipes 1 at both ends of the transport pipeline. During the transport of sediment-laden water, the first monitoring mechanism 4 monitors the water flow temperature of the sediment-laden water in real time, and the second monitoring mechanism monitors the water flow viscosity and water flow pressure of the sediment-laden water in real time. In this process, when monitoring the water flow temperature using the first monitoring mechanism 4, a uniformly distributed magnetic field is formed around the single-unit tube 1 by the magnetic field excitation component, and the original magnetic field parameters are recorded. Then, the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 senses the magnetic field to obtain the induced magnetic field parameters. Because the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 is attached to the single-unit tube 1, the induced magnetic field parameters sensed by the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 are affected by the temperature of the sand-laden water. The difference between the induced magnetic field parameters and the original magnetic field parameters yields the water flow temperature of the sand-laden water. After obtaining the water flow viscosity, water flow pressure, and water flow temperature, the flow velocity and flow rate of the sand-laden water can be calculated based on these parameters, thus completing the monitoring of the water flow state of the sand-laden water. The specific calculation methods for flow velocity and flow rate are described in the method section below. Finally, after obtaining the water flow state of the sand-laden water, the transport process of the sand-laden water can be adjusted based on the water flow state to achieve precise control of the sand-laden water transport. It should be noted that the connecting component 2 can use a conventional flange connector, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0021] The conveying pipeline of this invention, by setting up a water flow status monitoring device, can collect the water flow viscosity, water flow pressure and water flow temperature of the sand-containing water in real time, thereby accurately calculating the flow rate and velocity of the sand-containing water based on comprehensive data of multi-physics field coupling, ensuring precise control of the conveying of the sand-containing water; the first monitoring mechanism 4 in this invention collects the water flow temperature based on the magnetic nano temperature sensor 14, which has high sensitivity and can accurately and in real time monitor the temperature change of the sand-containing water, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the calculated flow rate and velocity.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, to protect the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 and the magnetic field excitation component, the first monitoring mechanism 4 includes a sleeve 6 fitted onto the single tube 1 and a protective tube 10 disposed around the sleeve 6, with a distance between the sleeve 6 and the protective tube 10. The magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 is mounted on the sleeve 6, and multiple magnetic nano-temperature sensors 14 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the sleeve 6. By setting the protective tube 10, the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 on the sleeve 6 can be isolated from the surrounding environment, preventing the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 from being affected by the ambient temperature, which would lead to a decrease in the accuracy of the water flow temperature monitoring results, and also preventing the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 from being corroded by the surrounding environment. On the other hand, mounting the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 on the sleeve 6 and then fitting the sleeve 6 onto the single tube 1 to complete the installation of the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14, compared with the installation method of directly mounting the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 on the single tube 1, does not require any modification to the structure of the single tube 1, is easier to install, and has a lower cost. Obviously, in order to ensure that the temperature of the sand-containing water can effectively affect the magnetic nano temperature sensor 14, the sleeve 6 should have good thermal conductivity. For example, the sleeve 6 can be made of copper.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, to further enhance the protective effect of the protective tube 10 on the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14, a sealing ring 7 is fixedly connected to each end of the sleeve 6, and an end cap 9 is fixedly connected to each end of the protective tube 10. The end caps 9 are fitted onto the sealing rings 7 and sealed by the sealing rings 8. Through the cooperation of the sealing rings 7, end caps 9, and sealing rings 8, the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 can be constrained in a closed space, thereby strengthening the protection of the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14. On the other hand, because the thermal conductivity of the air in the closed space is weak, the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 can also be further prevented from being affected by the surrounding environment.

[0024] The specific structure of the magnetic field excitation assembly is as follows: The magnetic field excitation assembly includes two Helmholtz coils 18, both of which are mounted on the sleeve 6, and the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 is located between the two Helmholtz coils 18. More specifically, two mounting rings 17 are fixedly sleeved on the sleeve 6, and annular mounting grooves are formed on the peripheral sidewalls of the mounting rings 17, with the Helmholtz coils 18 correspondingly mounted in the mounting grooves. It should also be noted that the structure and principle of the Helmholtz coils 18 are conventional technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0025] Furthermore, to ensure that the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 fits tightly against the sleeve 6, thereby protecting it from the influence of sand-containing water temperature and improving the accuracy of the first monitoring mechanism 4, two positioning rings 16 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the protective tube 10. An elastic pad 15 is placed between the two positioning rings 16, which pushes the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 towards the single tube 1. By setting the elastic pad 15, a continuous pushing force can be applied to the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14, pressing it firmly against the sleeve 6. This prevents poor heat transfer due to gaps between the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 and the sleeve 6, ultimately ensuring the accuracy of the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14. On the other hand, the elastic pad 15 can be made of a material with low thermal conductivity, such as sponge or silicone, to further prevent ambient temperature from affecting the accuracy of the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, to further ensure the transfer of the temperature of the sand-containing water to the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14, and thus guarantee the accuracy of the water flow temperature monitored by the first monitoring mechanism 4, several heat-conducting plates 13 are provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 6. The magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 is tightly fitted to the heat-conducting plates 13. Several through-slots 19 extending along the length direction are opened on the sleeve 6, and the through-slots 19 are filled with thermal conductive paste 12. By opening the through-slots 19 and filling them with thermal conductive paste 12, the thermal conductive paste 12 can fully fill the gap between the heat-conducting plates 13 and the unit tube 1, thereby ensuring that the heat of the sand-containing water can be transferred to the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 through the unit tube 1, the thermal conductive paste 12, and the heat-conducting plates 13. On the other hand, thermal conductive paste 12 can also be applied between the magnetic nano-temperature sensor 14 and the heat-conducting plates 13 to further ensure thermal conductivity and the accuracy of the water flow temperature. Furthermore, the heat-conducting plate 13 can be an arc-shaped plate, fitting snugly against the outer wall of the sleeve 6, eliminating the need for a cylindrical structure and making installation easier. It should also be noted that the thermal paste 12 can be made of common materials such as silicone grease, which is a mature existing technology and will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0027] The specific structure of the second monitoring mechanism is as follows: The second monitoring mechanism includes an inlet monitoring component 3 and an outlet monitoring component 5. Both the inlet monitoring component 3 and the outlet monitoring component 5 include a viscosity sensor for monitoring water flow viscosity and a pressure sensor for monitoring water flow pressure. The viscosity sensor and pressure sensor are conventional technologies in this field and will not be described in detail here.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, to facilitate the installation of the protective tube 10, it is divided into two splicable parts. Each part has at least one single groove extending in the circumferential direction. When the two parts are spliced ​​into a complete protective tube 10, the single grooves connect to form an annular groove 20. The groove 20 can then be used to bind and fix the two parts together, forming a structurally stable protective tube 10. Based on this, in the first monitoring mechanism 4, the sleeve 6 can be pre-fitted onto the single tube 1 during the splicing process, and the protective tube 10 can be installed independently after the single tube 1 is spliced, making installation easier. In addition, the protective tube 10 has a wire hole 11 for the power line of the magnetic field excitation component and the signal line of the magnetic nano temperature sensor 14 to pass through. After installation, the wire hole 11 can be sealed by potting glue to ensure the protective effect of the protective tube 10 on the magnetic nano temperature sensor 14.

[0029] The present invention further provides a method for transporting sand-laden water, based on the above-mentioned sand-laden water transport pipeline, the method comprising S1 to S4.

[0030] S1. Construct a delivery pipeline and input the sand-laden water into the delivery pipeline.

[0031] S2. Use the first monitoring agency 4 to monitor the water temperature of the sand-containing water, and use the second monitoring agency to monitor the water viscosity and water pressure of the sand-containing water.

[0032] S3. Calculate the flow velocity of sediment-laden water based on water temperature, viscosity, and pressure. More specifically, the calculation method for the flow velocity of sediment-laden water is as follows: ; in, The density of the water containing sediment. It is the acceleration due to gravity. For the deviatoric stress tensor, For water viscosity, The thermal conductivity of water containing sand, This is a viscous dissipation term. It is Joule fever. For water flow temperature, For water flow pressure, The flow velocity of the sediment-laden water. The symbol is for partial differentials. For gradient operators, For time, This is a transpose. The calculation method comprises three equations, from top to bottom: the momentum equation, the constitutive equation, and the energy equation. Based on this calculation method, the present invention obtains the water flow temperature using the first monitoring mechanism 4 and the second monitoring mechanism. Water flow pressure and water viscosity Then, multiphysics coupling is formed, which can then be used to inversely determine... This process is essentially a boundary value problem of solving a complex system of partial differential equations. In practice, it can be solved iteratively within the computational domain using numerical methods. The specific process is as follows.

[0033] First, the water flow temperature was monitored using the first monitoring agency 4. Water flow pressure and water viscosity Then, the water temperature The discrete point values ​​are processed to reconstruct the continuous temperature field of the single tube section 1 and along the friction direction. And the viscosity of the water flow With continuous temperature field Establishing a dynamic viscosity field .

[0034] Secondly, the flow region inside the single-unit tube 1 is divided into a large number of tiny grids. This flow region is the computational domain of the entire equation system, and the equations are subsequently solved on each grid. Initial predicted values ​​can be assigned to all variables that need to be solved, and then the equations are solved iteratively. Before iteration, the maximum number of iterations needs to be set. During the iteration process, the equations are first solved based on a continuous temperature field. and dynamic viscosity field Solving the momentum equation yields a new intermediate velocity field. Then, solving the pressure Poisson equation derived from the momentum and continuity equations outputs the updated velocity field. and pressure field .

[0035] After that, the updated velocity field Substituting the values ​​into the energy equation and solving it, we can then update the temperature field of the entire computational domain. The updated temperature field can be expressed as follows: Therefore, based on the updated temperature field Update other parameters.

[0036] Next, the residuals of each equation on each grid are calculated, and the global residuals of all equations are checked to see if they are all below a pre-set convergence threshold, thus determining whether convergence has occurred. If convergence has not occurred, the updated... , and Use this as the initial value for the next iteration, and continue iterating; if convergence has been achieved, terminate the iteration, and based on the current value... Determine the final flow velocity of the sediment-laden water that needs to be calculated.

[0037] It should be noted that the above process is a conventional solution method for fluid mechanics equations, which is existing technology that can be mastered by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, for partial differential equations, a currently feasible solution method is to use iterative algorithms to gradually approximate the true solution. This can employ common methods in the field of numerical computation and is a mature existing technology. Therefore, this invention does not limit the specific algorithm or software implementation.

[0038] Furthermore, after calculating the flow velocity of the sediment-laden water, the flow rate of the sediment-laden water is calculated based on the flow velocity. The flow rate is calculated as follows: ; ; in, For volumetric flow rate, For quality flow, Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​tube 1. The direction of the outward normal to the cross-section of tube 1 is... It is a double integral.

[0039] The above volumetric flow rate After establishing a model of the pipeline through CFD simulation, the calculation can be simplified by discrete summation. The specific method is as follows: ; in, The number of mesh cells on the cross-section of the transport pipeline model. The normal velocity component is located at the center of the i-th grid cell. Let be the area of ​​the i-th grid cell.

[0040] S4. Adjust the input of sediment-laden water based on flow velocity.

[0041] To verify the effectiveness of the present invention, the following simulation experiment was conducted.

[0042] The simulation conditions were as follows: the inner diameter of the single tube 1 was 20 mm, the wall thickness was 10 mm, and the length was 2000 mm; the sediment in the sediment-laden water was Yellow River standard sand, with a particle size distribution of d. 10 =0.08mm, d 50 =0.18mm, d 90 =0.35mm, volume concentration is 3.2%, density is 2.650 Apparent density in fluid properties is... The value is 1.058. Apparent viscosity is... The value is 1.02 mPa·s; water flow temperature The value is 19.8 ± 0.5℃. Furthermore, regarding the density of sand-containing water... Temperature correction is used, and the correction formula is as follows: Water viscosity The Hatschek model is used for correction, and the correction formula is as follows: ,in The viscosity of pure water. The volume concentration of sediment; thermal conductivity correction is adopted. Adjust the pump frequency to stabilize the flow velocity in the pipeline at approximately 1.25 m / s; simultaneously, switch the three-way valve to allow water to flow into a standard container, measure for 180 seconds, and collect 70.69 kg of water. Perform static mass method measurement to calculate the baseline flow rate. .

[0043] When solving for the water flow velocity, a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) solver based on the finite volume method, which is currently in use, is employed. The convergence condition is determined based on the measurement accuracy and can generally be set to <10. -6 Specifically, this can be achieved using existing commercial or open-source software. Commercial software includes ANSYS Fluent and COMSOL Multiphysics, while open-source software includes OpenFOAM and Code_Saturne. For example, in ANSYS Fluent, calculations can be performed using the Surface Integrals function, and in OpenFOAM, the same functionality can be achieved using the flowRatePatch tool. Both are mature existing technologies in this field and will not be elaborated further here.

[0044] Based on the above conditions, 50 repeated measurements were performed. Temperature measurements showed an average cross-sectional temperature of 20.32℃ and a radial temperature difference of 0.85℃, with the center temperature at 20.65℃ and the wall temperature at 19.80℃, conforming to thermal boundary layer theory. Pressure measurements showed an inlet pressure of 0.503 MPa and an outlet pressure of 0.497 MPa. Viscosity measurements showed a dynamic viscosity of 0.891 mPa·s, which, after temperature correction, was 0.893 mPa·s. The average flow rate was 0.000392. The standard deviation is 0.0000011. Repeatability error is Based on the experimental results, it can be determined that the present invention can accurately measure the flow velocity and flow rate of sediment-laden water, thereby achieving the purpose of precisely controlling the transport of sediment-laden water.

[0045] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A sand-containing water conveyance pipeline, comprising a plurality of individual pipes (1), wherein adjacent individual pipes (1) are connected by a connecting assembly (2), characterized in that, It also includes a water flow state monitoring device, which includes at least one first monitoring mechanism (4) for monitoring water flow temperature and at least one second monitoring mechanism for monitoring water flow viscosity and water flow pressure. The first monitoring mechanism (4) is located in the middle of the single tube (1). The first monitoring mechanism (4) includes multiple magnetic nano temperature sensors (14) attached to the single tube (1) and a magnetic field excitation component for generating a magnetic field around the magnetic nano temperature sensors (14). The second monitoring mechanism is located at the end of the single tube (1). All the first monitoring mechanisms (4) and all the second monitoring mechanisms are connected to a data processing module. The data processing module is used to generate water flow state parameters based on water flow viscosity, water flow pressure and water flow temperature. The water flow state parameters include the flow velocity, volume flow rate and mass flow rate of the sand-containing water. The first monitoring mechanism (4) includes a sleeve (6) fitted on the single tube (1) and a protective tube (10) arranged around the sleeve (6), with a distance between the sleeve (6) and the protective tube (10). The magnetic nano temperature sensor (14) is arranged on the sleeve (6), and multiple magnetic nano temperature sensors (14) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the sleeve (6). Two positioning rings (16) are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective tube (10), and an elastic pad (15) is arranged between the two positioning rings (16). The elastic pad (15) is used to push the magnetic nano temperature sensor (14) to move towards the single tube (1). Several heat-conducting plates (13) are arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve (6), and the magnetic nano temperature sensor (14) is tightly attached to the heat-conducting plate (13). Several through grooves (19) extending along the length direction are opened on the sleeve (6), and the through grooves (19) are filled with thermal paste (12). The second monitoring mechanism includes an inlet monitoring component (3) and an outlet monitoring component (5). Both the inlet monitoring component (3) and the outlet monitoring component (5) include a viscosity sensor for monitoring water flow viscosity and a pressure sensor for monitoring water flow pressure.

2. The sand-containing water conveyance pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring (7) is fixedly connected to each end of the sleeve (6), and an end cap (9) is fixedly connected to each end of the protective tube (10). The end cap (9) is attached to the sealing ring (7) and sealed by the sealing ring (8).

3. A sand-containing water conveyance pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field excitation assembly includes two Helmholtz coils (18), both of which are disposed on the sleeve (6), and the magnetic nano temperature sensor (14) is located between the two Helmholtz coils (18).

4. A method for transporting sediment-laden water, characterized in that, Based on a sand-containing water transport pipeline as described in any one of claims 1-3, the method includes the following steps: Construct the aforementioned delivery pipeline and input the sand-laden water into the delivery pipeline; The first monitoring device (4) is used to monitor the water flow temperature of the sand-containing water, and the second monitoring device is used to monitor the water flow viscosity and water flow pressure of the sand-containing water; The flow velocity of sediment-laden water is calculated based on water temperature, water viscosity, and water pressure. The input of sediment-laden water is adjusted based on flow velocity; The method for calculating the flow velocity of the sediment-laden water is as follows: ； in, The density of the water containing sediment. It is the acceleration due to gravity. For the deviatoric stress tensor, For water viscosity, The thermal conductivity of water containing sand, This is a viscous dissipation term. It is Joule heat. For water flow temperature, For water flow pressure, The flow velocity of the sediment-laden water. The symbol is for partial differentials. For gradient operators, For time, For transpose; When determining the flow velocity of sediment-laden water, the water temperature is first monitored using the first monitoring device (4). Water flow pressure and water viscosity Then, the water temperature The discrete point values ​​are processed to reconstruct the continuous temperature field of the single tube (1) cross section and along the friction direction. And the viscosity of the water flow With continuous temperature field Establishing a dynamic viscosity field Then based on the continuous temperature field and dynamic viscosity field Solving the momentum equation yields a new intermediate velocity field. Then, solving the pressure Poisson equation derived from the momentum and continuity equations outputs the updated velocity field. and pressure field The velocity field after the update Substituting into the energy equation and solving it, the temperature field of the entire computational domain is updated. The updated temperature field is expressed as follows: Finally, it is determined whether the global residuals of all equations are lower than a pre-set convergence threshold to determine whether convergence has occurred. If convergence has not occurred, the updated equations will be used. , and Use this as the initial value for the next iteration, and continue iterating; if convergence has been achieved, terminate the iteration, and based on the current value... Determine the final flow velocity of the sediment-laden water that needs to be calculated.

5. A method for transporting sediment-laden water as described in claim 4, characterized in that, After calculating the flow velocity of the sediment-laden water, the flow rate of the sediment-laden water is calculated based on the flow velocity. The method for calculating the flow rate is as follows: ； ； in, Volumetric flow rate For quality flow, The cross-sectional area of ​​the single tube (1) is... The direction of the outer normal to the cross-section of the single tube (1) is... It is a double integral.

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