双模态耦合感知的无人机避障控制方法及系统

By fusing image and radar information to construct an adaptive risk ellipsoid, a dual-modal coupled perception method is proposed to solve the static problem of obstacle risk modeling in UAV obstacle avoidance, improve the refinement and safety of obstacle avoidance strategies, and realize efficient obstacle avoidance of UAVs in complex environments.

CN122064102BActive Publication Date: 2026-07-17SHANDONG UNIV

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
SHANDONG UNIV
Filing Date
2026-04-22
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In existing drone obstacle avoidance technologies, obstacle risk modeling is static and coarse-grained, failing to provide a refined and adaptive understanding of the environmental situation. This results in drone obstacle avoidance strategies lacking specificity and foresight, affecting the system's safety and intelligence.

Method used

A dual-modal coupled sensing method is adopted, which integrates image information and radar information. The three-dimensional centroid and geometric dimensions of obstacles are extracted through target detection and point cloud data processing. Combined with semantic risk prior coefficients and UAV status, an adaptive three-dimensional risk ellipsoid is constructed, and obstacle avoidance control commands are generated using a reinforcement learning decision network.

Benefits of technology

It enables refined and differentiated modeling of obstacle and danger zones, improves the autonomous obstacle avoidance capability and flight intelligence of UAVs in complex dynamic scenarios, and enhances the safety and generalization capability of obstacle avoidance strategies.

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Abstract

本发明属于无人机自主导航与人工智能技术领域。提出了一种双模态耦合感知的无人机避障控制方法及系统,融合视觉图像与激光雷达点云数据,通过目标检测获取障碍物的二维检测框、类别标签及置信度,并将点云投影至图像平面,利用检测框筛选对应点云集合;提取障碍物的三维质心与几何尺寸,计算其相对于无人机的位置与距离,并按距离排序;针对排序靠前的障碍物,结合类别语义风险先验、几何尺寸、相对位置、检测置信度及无人机当前速度向量,动态构建三维自适应风险椭球,以表征不同障碍物的危险区域;将自身状态、目标向量及风险椭球信息输入强化学习决策网络,输出合力与三轴角速度指令,实现了安全、智能、高效的自主避障控制。
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