Extinction ratio compensation method, device and storage medium of optical module

Abstract

The application relates to the field of high-speed optical communication and discloses an extinction ratio compensation method and device of an optical module and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: a laser transmits an MPDI signal to an MZM modulator to output a first MPDO signal and a second MPDO signal; the first MPDO signal is adjusted to generate an adjusted MPDO signal; when the bias working points of the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are at a quadrature point, a temperature extinction ratio table is generated; a temperature compensation table is generated based on the temperature extinction ratio table; a working compensation value is obtained by querying the temperature compensation table according to a current working temperature; the first MPDO working signal is compensated to generate a compensated MPDO working signal; and a compensated working signal is generated based on the compensated MPDO working signal. In the embodiment of the application, the compensation table is built into the MCU in advance, so that the precise control of the extinction ratio index in a wide temperature range after the module is shipped out is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-speed optical communication, and in particular to an extinction ratio compensation method, device and storage medium for an optical module. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by both the iteration of digital communication technology and the surge in bandwidth demand, optical modules, as a core component of optical communication systems, are rapidly evolving towards "high speed, high density, and low power consumption." Currently, mainstream high-speed optical modules (especially products with single-channel rates of 100G and above) generally adopt a core design scheme of "digital signal processor (DSP) + silicon-based Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM)." This scheme, with its flexible signal processing capabilities of DSPs and the high modulation bandwidth and easy integration characteristics of silicon photonics MZMs, has become a key technological path supporting ultra-high-speed optical communication.

[0003] However, with the increasing complexity of modulation technology, the environmental adaptability of optical modules has become increasingly prominent. Among these issues, the drift of the extinction ratio (ER) under high and low temperature environments is a core bottleneck restricting product yield and reliability. The extinction ratio (ER), as a key parameter for measuring the signal quality of an optical module, directly determines the anti-interference capability and transmission distance of the optical signal—an excessively low ER value can lead to an increased bit error rate at the receiver, and in severe cases, cause communication link interruptions. Under high and low temperature conditions, the fluctuation of the ER index mainly stems from the coupled influence of multiple factors: on the one hand, the electro-optic modulation characteristics of silicon photonics MZM are highly sensitive to temperature; temperature changes can alter its refractive index distribution, leading to modulation curve shifts. The Heater bias voltage of its modulation arm needs to be tracked and adjusted in real time by an algorithm to ensure stability at the corresponding operating point. On the other hand, the temperature drift effect of optical components and the circuitry of various components within the module indirectly exacerbates the instability of the ER index.

[0004] Regarding the ER drift phenomenon: First, for traditional low-speed (EML modulator) optical module solutions, the EA voltage of the EML or the corresponding driver chip debugging parameters can be dynamically adjusted under high and low temperatures to compensate for ER drift. For high-speed DSP + silicon photonics MZM modulator solutions, due to the use of complex DSP digital signal processors, dynamic modification of DSP parameters such as EQTap may pose an instability risk to the overall signal link of the optical module. Therefore, the traditional solution for this type of solution is to debug the optical module performance to the optimal level (by adjusting DSP parameters, etc.) and reserve margin for ER drift under high and low temperatures. However, existing single-channel 100G high-speed optical modules are inherently highly complex in terms of process and design at each node, and consistency is difficult to control. Often, it is difficult to uniformly debug all optical modules to the optimal state using a set of DSP EQ parameters. The optical module itself may already have insufficient margin at room temperature. If products with insufficient ER yield occur during mass production, individual debugging and retesting will increase production costs.

[0005] Therefore, a new technology is needed to address the technical problem of insufficient consistency and low product yield caused by high and low temperature operating conditions in the mass production of optical modules. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to solve the technical problem of insufficient consistency and low product yield of optical modules due to high and low temperature operating conditions during the mass production of optical modules.

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides an extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module. This method is applied to an extinction ratio compensation system for the optical module. The extinction ratio compensation system includes a laser, an MZM modulator, and an MCU microcontroller. The MZM modulator includes a thermo-optical phase shifter. The MCU microcontroller is connected to the thermo-optical phase shifter. The extinction ratio compensation method for the optical module includes: The laser transmits the MPDI signal to the MZM modulator, which outputs the first MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal. At each ambient temperature of the preset ambient temperature table, the MCU microcontroller controls the thermo-optical phase shifter to adjust the first MPDO signal and generate an adjusted MPDO signal; The MZM modulator interferes with the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal. When the bias operating points of the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are at the orthogonal point, the MCU microcontroller records the extinction ratio corresponding to each ambient temperature and generates a temperature extinction ratio table. Based on the aforementioned temperature extinction ratio table, a temperature compensation table is generated; The laser transmits a working MPDI signal to the MZM modulator, which outputs a first MPDO working signal and a second MPDO working signal. The MCU reads the current operating temperature, and based on the current operating temperature, queries the temperature compensation table to obtain the operating compensation value; Based on the working compensation value, the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled to perform compensation processing on the first MPDO working signal to generate a compensated MPDO working signal. The MZM modulator interferes with the compensated MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal to generate a compensated working signal.

[0008] Optionally, in a first implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of generating a temperature compensation table based on the temperature extinction ratio table includes: The first drift value is obtained by subtracting the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the preset reference temperature from the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the first temperature, wherein the first temperature is less than the reference temperature; The second drift value is obtained by subtracting the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the preset reference temperature from the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the second temperature, wherein the second temperature is greater than the reference temperature; At a preset reference temperature, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the first drift value, thereby obtaining the first MPDO bias ratio. At a preset reference temperature, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is the second drift value, thus obtaining the second MPDO bias ratio. A temperature compensation table is generated based on the preset reference temperature, the corresponding reference MPDO bias ratio, the first MPDO bias ratio, and the second MPDO bias ratio.

[0009] Optionally, in a second implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of controlling the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter at a preset reference temperature until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the first drift value, and obtaining the first MPDO bias ratio, includes: Adjust the TDECQ parameters of the optical module within the preset internal control limit parameters and at the preset reference temperature, and control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the first drift value, thereby obtaining the first MPDO bias ratio.

[0010] Optionally, in a third implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of controlling the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter at a preset reference temperature until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is a second drift value, and obtaining the second MPDO bias ratio, includes: Adjust the TDECQ parameters of the optical module within the preset internal control limit parameters and at the preset reference temperature, and control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the second drift value, thereby obtaining the second MPDO bias ratio.

[0011] Optionally, in a fourth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of controlling the thermo-optical phase shifter to perform compensation processing on the first MPDO working signal based on the working compensation value to generate a compensated MPDO working signal includes: Control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter to adjust the first MPDO working signal to a cyclic MPDO working signal; Calculate the cyclic bias ratio between the cyclic MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal; Determine whether the cyclic bias ratio is within the deviation range of the working compensation value; When the value is within the deviation range of the working compensation value, the cyclic MPDO working signal is determined as the compensated MPDO working signal; When the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is not within the deviation range of the working compensation value, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled to adjust the first MPDO working signal to a new cyclic MPDO working signal.

[0012] Optionally, in a fifth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of determining whether the cyclic bias ratio is within the deviation range of the working compensation value includes: Determine whether the cyclic bias ratio is equal to the working compensation value.

[0013] Optionally, in a sixth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the MZM modulator further includes: a Y splitter and a Y combiner, and the step of transmitting the MPDI signal from the laser to the MZM modulator to output the first MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal includes: The laser transmits the MPDI signal to the Y splitter, which splits the transmitted MPDI signal into a first MPDO signal and a second MPDO signal.

[0014] Optionally, in a seventh implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of the MZM modulator interfering with the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal includes: The adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are transmitted to the Y-multiplexer, where the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are interfered with.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides an extinction ratio compensation device for an optical module, comprising: a memory and at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions, and the memory and the at least one processor are interconnected via a circuit; the at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the extinction ratio compensation device for the optical module to perform the above-described extinction ratio compensation method for the optical module.

[0016] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the above-described extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module.

[0017] In this embodiment of the invention, by controlling the voltage change of the thermo-optical phase shifter of the MZM modulator, the bias operating point of the MZM modulator is brought to the orthogonal point, generating a temperature extinction ratio table. Based on the temperature extinction ratio table, a temperature compensation table is generated. The adjustment range of the compensation parameters (i.e., the bias ratio of the first MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal) is controlled according to the temperature change rate of the temperature compensation table, ensuring that the bias operating points of the first MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal change with temperature, thereby achieving progressive compensation of the extinction ratio to ensure link stability. By pre-embedding the compensation table into the MCU, precise control of the extinction ratio index over a wide temperature range is achieved after the optical module leaves the factory, solving the technical problem of insufficient consistency and low product yield caused by high and low temperature conditions in the mass production of optical modules. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a typical high-speed silicon photonics transceiver module. Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of an MZM modulator. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission curve of the MZM modulator in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the 104 steps of the extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the 107 steps of the extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module in this invention. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the extinction ratio compensation device for an optical module in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides an extinction ratio compensation method, device, and storage medium for an optical module.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments disclosed in this invention, the term "comprising" and similar terms should be understood as open-ended inclusion, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "based on" should be understood as "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" should be understood as "at least one embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc., may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0022] For ease of understanding, the specific process of the embodiments of the present invention is described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 This invention illustrates an embodiment of an extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module. The extinction ratio compensation method is applied to an extinction ratio compensation system for the optical module. The extinction ratio compensation system includes a laser, an MZM modulator, and an MCU microcontroller. The MZM modulator includes a thermo-optical phase shifter. The MCU microcontroller is connected to the thermo-optical phase shifter. The extinction ratio compensation method for the optical module includes: 101. The laser transmits the MPDI signal to the MZM modulator, which outputs a first MPDO signal and a second MPDO signal. In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a typical high-speed silicon photonics transceiver module. The electrical interface receives electrical signals from hosts such as switches. After passing through a digital signal processor (DSP), the signals are transmitted to an MZM modulator and converted into optical signals. The signals are then transmitted from the optical interface to the optical fiber. The receiving end receives the signals from the optical interface, converts them into electrical signals through a receiving component, and then transmits them from the electrical interface to hosts such as switches after processing by the DSP.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of an MZM modulator. An MZM modulator typically consists of two symmetrical Y-branch waveguides. The MPDI signal input from the laser is split into two beams of equal phase and amplitude by the Y-splitter, also known as the two arms of the MZM modulator. These beams are transmitted through the upper and lower waveguides and finally recoupled into a single modulated optical signal via a Y-combiner. If the waveguide structures of the two arms are perfectly symmetrical, without applying a driving voltage, the resulting combined light is a single-mode waveguide output. If a driving voltage is applied, the refractive index of the waveguide material in the upper and lower arms of the MZM modulator changes, causing a phase shift in the two beams. This results in interference at the Y-combiner, achieving intensity modulation. By adjusting the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifters on the branch arms, the refractive index of the waveguides can be changed, thereby controlling the interference effect at the coupling end and achieving constructive or destructive phase modulation, thus achieving intensity modulation of the signal.

[0024] Specifically, the MZM modulator further includes a Y splitter and a Y combiner, and step 101 includes the following specific implementation: 1011. The laser transmits the MPDI signal to the Y splitter, and the Y splitter splits the transmitted MPDI signal into a first MPDO signal and a second MPDO signal.

[0025] In step 1011, since the MZM modulator includes a Y splitter and a Y combiner, the MPDI signal transmitted by the laser is first sent to the Y splitter of the MZM modulator. The Y splitter then splits the transmitted MPDI signal into a first MPDO signal and a second MPDO signal. This scheme is the implementation detail of the specific structure of the MZM modulator.

[0026] 102. At each ambient temperature of the preset ambient temperature table, the MCU microcontroller controls the thermo-optical phase shifter to adjust the first MPDO signal and generate an adjusted MPDO signal; In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission curve of the MZM modulator in an embodiment of the present invention. The transmission curve of the MZM modulator can be obtained by changing the bias voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter. Typically, the optimal bias operating point of the MZM is chosen at the intersection of the curves. At this point, MPDO_A / MPDO_B = 1, where MPDO_A is the PD monitoring value at the main output optical path endpoint and MPDO_B is the PD monitoring value at the secondary endpoint. The modulator exhibits optimal linearity at this point, resulting in the best modulation effect.

[0027] Because MZM modulators are susceptible to interference from temperature, aging, and other external factors, their bias operating point can drift, even to peak or trough points, leading to signal abnormalities and affecting the normal communication of optical modules. Therefore, MZM modulators require corresponding algorithms to dynamically adjust the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter in real time to lock the bias operating point of the MZM modulator. A commonly used algorithm is to dynamically adjust the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter to stabilize the ratio Ratio = MPDO_A / MPDO_B within a certain range (Ratio + Δ). This algorithm is not the focus of this patent discussion.

[0028] 103. The MZM modulator interferes with the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal. When the bias operating points of the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are at the orthogonal point, the MCU microcontroller records the extinction ratio corresponding to each ambient temperature and generates a temperature extinction ratio table. In this embodiment, the operating point of the MZM modulator is determined by the optical path difference between its two internal interferometer arms, and its output characteristics are clearly correlated with the position of the operating point. When the operating point is located at the orthogonal point, the modulation efficiency and linearity of the MZM modulator are optimal.

[0029] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission curve of the MZM modulator in an embodiment of the present invention. The optimal orthogonal point can be found at both the rising and falling edges of the MPDO_A curve's bias operating point. If we choose the rising edge Q1 as the reference, the extinction ratio ER(dB) = 10 × log0 10 (P1 / P0), where P1 is the power when the output optical signal is at level "1" and P0 is the optical power when the output optical signal is at level "0". Under normal circumstances, P1 will be much larger than P0: when the operating point is "shifted upward" (closer to the peak point), the extinction ratio ER will decrease and the total output optical power will increase; when the operating point is "shifted downward" (closer to the valley point), the extinction ratio ER will increase and the total output power will decrease.

[0030] This solution utilizes this characteristic to counteract the effects of high and low temperatures on the ER by setting the offset of the operating point. At the same time, for the changes in output optical power caused by the adjustment of the operating point offset, the output optical power is stabilized by adjusting the laser drive current in a closed loop.

[0031] The ambient temperature table contains three ambient temperatures: 0 degrees, 35 degrees, and 75 degrees. The extinction ratio of the biased working points of the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal at the orthogonal point is obtained at different ambient temperatures, and a temperature extinction ratio table corresponding to the extinction ratios at 0 degrees, 35 degrees, and 75 degrees is generated.

[0032] Specifically, in step 103, "the MZM modulator causes the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal to interfere" includes the following specific implementations: 1031. The adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are transmitted to the Y multiplexer, and the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are interfered in the Y multiplexer.

[0033] In step 1031, please refer to Figure 3 , based on the structure of the MZM modulator, the adjusted MPDO signal (MPAO_A signal) and the second MPDO signal (MPAO_B signal) are transmitted to the Y multiplexer, and the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal interfere in the Y multiplexer. The parameters of the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are collected into the MCU microcontroller, so that the MCU microcontroller can find the extinction ratio when the bias operating point is at the quadrature point.

[0034] 104. Generate a temperature compensation table based on the temperature-extinction ratio table; In this embodiment, based on normal temperature (e.g., 35°C), the bias operating point of the MZM modulator is adjusted to the quadrature point, and parameters such as the module DSP are adjusted to the optimal state, so that both the TDECQ parameter and the extinction ratio ER of the optical module meet the standard requirements (e.g., TDECQ<2dB, ER>4.2dB), and the extinction ratio ER and MPDO bias ratio (MPDO_A / MPDO_B) values at this time are recorded.

[0035] Place the optical module in a high and low temperature test chamber to simulate the temperature range of practical applications (usually 0°C to 75°C), select at least 3 key temperature points (such as 0°C, 35°C, 75°C) to ensure that the full range of low temperature, normal temperature and high temperature is covered. Stabilize the temperature of the test chamber at each key temperature point, keep the MZM operating point and the laser drive current unchanged, and ensure that the MZM modulator always operates at the optimal quadrature point through a certain algorithm, measure the actual values of TDECQ and ER (ER0, ER35, ER75) at this time, and calculate the ER drift ΔER1=|ER0–ER35|, ΔER2=|ER75–ER35|. For different module schemes, the extinction ratio ER may decrease or increase under high and low temperature conditions, we assume herein that: the extinction ratio decreases at low temperature ER0<ER35, and the extinction ratio increases at high temperature ER35<ER75. Through up / down adjustment of the MZM operating point with small-batch samples, the relationship between the extinction ratio ER drift of the MZM modulator and temperature change is obtained.

[0036] Based on the relationship between the extinction ratio ER drift and temperature, at a reference temperature of 35℃, the reference ER35 is adjusted to ER35+ΔER1, and the MPDO bias ratio (MPDO_A / MPDO_B) value is recorded. This value is the bias operating point at 0℃.

[0037] Based on the relationship between the extinction ratio ER drift and temperature, at a reference temperature of 35℃, the reference ER35 is adjusted to ER35-ΔER2, and the MPDO bias ratio (MPDO_A / MPDO_B) value is recorded. This value is the bias operating point at 75℃.

[0038] For ER35 at a reference temperature of 35℃, the corresponding MPDO bias ratio (MPDO_A / MPDO_B) can be determined.

[0039] Based on the above parameters, the MPDO bias ratios corresponding to 0℃, 35℃, and 75℃ are generated, which is the temperature compensation table.

[0040] For details, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The 104 steps include the following specific implementation methods: 1041. Subtract the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the preset reference temperature from the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the first temperature to obtain the first drift value, wherein the first temperature is less than the reference temperature; 1042. Subtract the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the preset reference temperature from the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the second temperature to obtain the second drift value, wherein the second temperature is greater than the reference temperature; 1043. At a preset reference temperature, control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the first drift value, thereby obtaining the first MPDO bias ratio; 1044. At a preset reference temperature, control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is the second drift value, and obtain the second MPDO bias ratio; 1045. Generate a temperature compensation table based on the preset reference temperature, the corresponding reference MPDO offset ratio, the first MPDO offset ratio, and the second MPDO offset ratio.

[0041] In steps 1041-1045, the extinction ratio E35 at the orthogonal point corresponding to the preset reference temperature of 35℃ is subtracted from the extinction ratio ER0 at the orthogonal point corresponding to the first temperature of 0℃ to obtain the first drift value ΔER1=|ER0–ER35|.

[0042] Subtract the extinction ratio E35 at the orthogonal point corresponding to the preset reference temperature of 35℃ from the extinction ratio ER75 at the second temperature of 75℃ to obtain the second drift value ΔER2=|ER75–ER35|.

[0043] At a reference temperature of 35℃, the operating point of the MZM modulator is set to the optimal operating point orthogonal point, and the parameters of the module DSP and other parameters are adjusted to the optimal state. The reference MPDO bias ratio value is recorded at this time.

[0044] While ensuring that the TDECQ index meets the internal control limit parameters, gradually reduce the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter to offset the operating point of the MZM modulator. When the extinction ratio is ER+ΔER1, finally record the first MPDO bias ratio value.

[0045] While ensuring that the TDECQ index meets the internal control limit parameters, gradually reduce the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter to adjust the operating point offset of the MZM modulator upward. When the extinction ratio is ER-ΔER2, the final second MPDO bias ratio is determined.

[0046] From the above two steps, we obtain the drift amounts ΔER1 and ΔER2 of the extinction ratio ER at high and low temperatures. We also obtain the corresponding ER drift amounts ΔER1 / ΔER2 that need to be compensated. We need to adjust the MZM bias operating point and generate a temperature compensation table, as shown in Table 1 below: Table 1. Temperature Compensation Table 0℃ First MPDO bias ratio 35℃ Reference MPDO bias ratio 75℃ Second MPDO bias ratio Furthermore, step 1043 includes the following specific implementation methods: 10431. Adjust the TDECQ parameters of the optical module in the preset internal control limit parameters, and control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter at the preset reference temperature until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the first drift value, thereby obtaining the first MPDO bias ratio.

[0047] In step 10431, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is adjusted at a preset reference temperature of 35°C, provided that the TDECQ parameters of the optical module are within the preset internal control limit parameters.

[0048] The TDECQ parameter is a "transmitter-dispersion eye diagram closure" metric defined by IEEE 802.3 specifically for 200G / 400G PAM4 optical modules, measured in dB. It quantifies how much power margin is lost in the vertical opening of the PAM4 eye diagram due to transmitter defects (modulation distortion, noise, jitter, etc.) under standard dispersion links—a higher value indicates a worse signal and a tighter link budget.

[0049] Furthermore, step 1044 includes the following specific implementation methods: 10441. Adjust the TDECQ parameters of the optical module in the preset internal control limit parameters, and control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter in the preset reference temperature until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is the second drift value, and obtain the second MPDO bias ratio.

[0050] In step 10441, similarly, when adjusting the difference between the extinction ratio and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point to the second drift value, the prerequisite is that the TDECQ parameter of the optical module is within the preset internal control limit parameter.

[0051] 105. The laser transmits the working MPDI signal to the MZM modulator, which outputs the first MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal. In this embodiment, the temperature compensation table above is written into the MCU microcontroller. In subsequent operations, the same laser transmits the working MPDI signal to the MZM modulator to output the first MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal.

[0052] 106. The MCU microcontroller reads the current operating temperature, and based on the current operating temperature, queries the temperature compensation table to obtain the operating compensation value; In this embodiment, the high-precision NTC thermistor built into the optical module collects temperature data in real time to ensure timely response to temperature changes. The current operating temperature is read, and based on this temperature, a temperature compensation table is consulted to obtain the operating compensation value. The operating compensation value is the bias ratio of the first MPDO bias ratio, the reference MPDO bias ratio, the second MPDO bias ratio, and the temperature as a linear function.

[0053] 107. Based on the working compensation value, control the thermo-optical phase shifter to perform compensation processing on the first MPDO working signal to generate a compensated MPDO working signal; In this embodiment, if the current operating temperature is within a certain range, linear difference fitting is performed to refine the result and obtain the MPDO bias ratio that should be set after MZM pre-compensation at this temperature. Subsequently, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is dynamically adjusted cyclically to generate a compensated MPDO operating signal.

[0054] For details, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of step 107 of the extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module in this invention. Step 107 includes the following specific implementation methods: 1071. Control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter to adjust the first MPDO working signal to a cyclic MPDO working signal; 1072. Calculate the cyclic bias ratio between the cyclic MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal; 1073. Determine whether the cyclic bias ratio is within the deviation range of the working compensation value; 1074. When the value is within the deviation range of the working compensation value, the cyclic MPDO working signal is determined as the compensated MPDO working signal; 1075. When the deviation value of the working compensation value is not within the range, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled to adjust the first MPDO working signal to a new cyclic MPDO working signal.

[0055] In steps 1071-1075, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled to adjust the first MPDO working signal to a cyclic MPDO working signal, and the cyclic bias ratio between the cyclic MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal is calculated. It is analyzed whether the cyclic bias ratio is within the working compensation value ±Δ. Δ can be a relatively small value, such as 2%, and should be determined according to the actual situation.

[0056] When the MZM modulator's operating state stabilizes within the working compensation value ±Δ, the cyclic MPDO working signal is determined to be the compensated MPDO working signal.

[0057] If the MZM modulator is not operating within the working compensation value ±Δ, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter needs to be adjusted until the MZM modulator's operating state stabilizes within the working compensation value ±Δ.

[0058] For high-end applications, it may be necessary to ensure that the output optical power does not fluctuate too much at high and low temperatures. MPDO_A can monitor changes in output optical power in real time. If there is a deviation (≥0.5dBm) from the factory preset target value, the MCU fine-tunes the laser drive current to compensate for the output optical power fluctuation caused by changes in the MZM bias operating point. Considering that actual ambient temperature changes are a slow process, the MCU controls the MZM operating point voltage and laser drive current to adjust in a "stepped" manner, with each adjustment less than 0.1%, avoiding the impact of sudden parameter changes on the signal.

[0059] Furthermore, step 1073 includes the following specific implementation methods: 10731. Determine whether the cyclic bias ratio is equal to the working compensation value.

[0060] In step 10731, the criterion can be whether the cyclic bias ratio is equal to the working compensation value, where Δ equals 0, which is equivalent to a precise numerical judgment.

[0061] 108. The MZM modulator interferes with the compensated MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal to generate a compensated working signal.

[0062] In this embodiment, a compensation working signal is generated in the MZM modulator based on the interference of the compensation MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal, and then the compensation working signal is used as the output optical signal to achieve extinction ratio compensation.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, by controlling the voltage change of the thermo-optical phase shifter of the MZM modulator, the bias operating point of the MZM modulator is brought to the orthogonal point, generating a temperature extinction ratio table. Based on the temperature extinction ratio table, a temperature compensation table is generated. The adjustment range of the compensation parameters (i.e., the bias ratio of the first MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal) is controlled according to the temperature change rate of the temperature compensation table, ensuring that the bias operating points of the first MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal change with temperature, thereby achieving progressive compensation of the extinction ratio to ensure link stability. By pre-embedding the compensation table into the MCU, precise control of the extinction ratio index over a wide temperature range is achieved after the optical module leaves the factory, solving the technical problem of insufficient consistency and low product yield caused by high and low temperature conditions in the mass production of optical modules.

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extinction ratio compensation device for an optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The extinction ratio compensation device 700 for the optical module can vary considerably due to different configurations or performance characteristics. It may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) 710 and a memory 720, and one or more storage media 730 storing application programs 733 or data 732. The memory 720 and storage media 730 may be temporary or persistent storage. The program stored in the storage media 730 may include one or more modules (not shown in the diagram), each module including a series of instruction operations on the extinction ratio compensation device 700 of the optical module. Furthermore, the processor 710 may be configured to communicate with the storage media 730 and execute the series of instruction operations in the storage media 730 on the extinction ratio compensation device 700 of the optical module.

[0065] The extinction ratio compensation device 700 based on an optical module may also include one or more power supplies 740, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 750, one or more input / output interfaces 760, and / or one or more operating systems 731, such as Windows Server, Mac OS X, Unix, Linux, Free BSD, etc. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 7 The extinction ratio compensation device structure shown for the optical module does not constitute a limitation on the extinction ratio compensation device based on the optical module. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0066] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium or a volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when the instructions are executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the extinction ratio compensation method of the optical module.

[0067] In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0068] Furthermore, although the operations are described in a specific order, this should be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the specific order shown or in sequential order, or requiring that all illustrated operations be performed to achieve the desired result. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations.

[0069] Although the subject matter has been described using language specific to structural features and / or methodological logic, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are merely illustrative examples of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A method for compensating the extinction ratio of an optical module, characterized in that, The extinction ratio compensation method for the optical module is applied to the extinction ratio compensation system of the optical module. The extinction ratio compensation system of the optical module includes: a laser, an MZM modulator, and an MCU microcontroller. The MZM modulator includes: a thermo-optical phase shifter. The MCU microcontroller is connected to the thermo-optical phase shifter. The extinction ratio compensation method for the optical module includes: The laser transmits the MPDI signal to the MZM modulator, which outputs the first MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal. At each ambient temperature of the preset ambient temperature table, the MCU microcontroller controls the thermo-optical phase shifter to adjust the first MPDO signal and generate an adjusted MPDO signal; The MZM modulator interferes with the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal. When the bias operating points of the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are at the orthogonal point, the MCU microcontroller records the extinction ratio corresponding to each ambient temperature and generates a temperature extinction ratio table. Based on the aforementioned temperature extinction ratio table, a temperature compensation table is generated; The laser transmits a working MPDI signal to the MZM modulator, which outputs a first MPDO working signal and a second MPDO working signal. The MCU reads the current operating temperature, and based on the current operating temperature, queries the temperature compensation table to obtain the operating compensation value; Based on the working compensation value, the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled to perform compensation processing on the first MPDO working signal to generate a compensated MPDO working signal. The MZM modulator interferes with the compensated MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal to generate a compensated working signal. The step of generating a temperature compensation table based on the temperature extinction ratio table includes: The first drift value is obtained by subtracting the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the preset reference temperature from the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the first temperature, wherein the first temperature is less than the reference temperature; The second drift value is obtained by subtracting the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the preset reference temperature from the extinction ratio of the orthogonal point corresponding to the second temperature, wherein the second temperature is greater than the reference temperature; At a preset reference temperature, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the first drift value, thereby obtaining the first MPDO bias ratio. At a preset reference temperature, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the second drift value, thus obtaining the second MPDO bias ratio. A temperature compensation table is generated based on the preset reference temperature, the corresponding reference MPDO bias ratio, the first MPDO bias ratio, and the second MPDO bias ratio.

2. The extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter at a preset reference temperature until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the first drift value, and obtaining the first MPDO bias ratio, includes: Adjust the TDECQ parameters of the optical module within the preset internal control limit parameters and at the preset reference temperature, and control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the first drift value, thereby obtaining the first MPDO bias ratio.

3. The extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter at a preset reference temperature until the difference between the extinction ratio at the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the second drift value, and obtaining the second MPDO bias ratio, includes: Adjust the TDECQ parameters of the optical module within the preset internal control limit parameters and at the preset reference temperature, and control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter until the difference between the extinction ratio corresponding to the preset reference temperature and the extinction ratio at the orthogonal point is equal to the second drift value, thereby obtaining the second MPDO bias ratio.

4. The extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the thermo-optical phase shifter to perform compensation processing on the first MPDO working signal based on the working compensation value, and generating a compensated MPDO working signal, includes: Control the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter to adjust the first MPDO working signal to a cyclic MPDO working signal; Calculate the cyclic bias ratio between the cyclic MPDO working signal and the second MPDO working signal; Determine whether the cyclic bias ratio is within the deviation range of the working compensation value; When the value is within the deviation range of the working compensation value, the cyclic MPDO working signal is determined as the compensated MPDO working signal; When the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is not within the deviation range of the working compensation value, the voltage of the thermo-optical phase shifter is controlled to adjust the first MPDO working signal to a new cyclic MPDO working signal.

5. The extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the cyclic bias ratio is within the deviation range of the working compensation value includes: Determine whether the cyclic bias ratio is equal to the working compensation value.

6. The extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MZM modulator further includes: a Y splitter and a Y combiner. The step of transmitting the MPDI signal from the laser to the MZM modulator to output the first MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal includes: The laser transmits the MPDI signal to the Y splitter, which splits the transmitted MPDI signal into a first MPDO signal and a second MPDO signal.

7. The extinction ratio compensation method for an optical module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of the MZM modulator interfering with the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal includes: The adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are transmitted to the Y-multiplexer, where the adjusted MPDO signal and the second MPDO signal are interfered with.

8. An extinction ratio compensation device for an optical module, characterized in that, The extinction ratio compensation device of the optical module includes: a memory and at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions, and the memory and the at least one processor are interconnected via a line; The at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the extinction ratio compensation device of the optical module to perform the extinction ratio compensation method of the optical module as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the extinction ratio compensation method for the optical module as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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