A method for breeding high-yield rice

Abstract

This application relates to a method for breeding crops, specifically a method for breeding high-yield rice. The method includes the following steps: screening superior individual plants through field observation of rice dynamics; planting the superior individual plants from step S1, eliminating inferior plants, and selecting 6-8 excellent rice individual plants, which are then threshed, bagged, and stored; planting the excellent rice individual plants from step S2 separately, and screening out 4-5 superior lines; dividing the 4-5 superior lines from step S3 into 4-5 plots for line identification experiments, and selecting the line with the greatest yield increase to obtain high-yield rice. This application's breeding method produces high-quality, high-yield rice varieties with strong comprehensive resistance and high yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a method for breeding crops, specifically a method for breeding high-yield rice. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is one of the most important cereal crops. With the improvement of people's living standards and the increase in population, the selection and breeding of high-quality and high-yield rice varieties is the main goal of modern rice breeding. Conventional hybridization breeding requires multiple generations of self-pollination to purify traits, and it is difficult to improve stress resistance and yield at the same time. Therefore, the selection and breeding of high-quality, high-yield rice varieties with strong comprehensive resistance and high yield is of great significance to ensure stable and increased grain production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a high-yield rice breeding method to breed high-quality, high-yield rice varieties with strong comprehensive resistance and high yield.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a high-yield rice breeding method, comprising the following steps: S1. Select superior individual plants by observing the dynamics of rice in the field; S2. Plant the superior individual plants from step S1, eliminate the inferior plants, select 6-8 excellent individual rice plants, thresh, bag and store them. S3. Plant the excellent rice plants from step S2 separately and select 4-5 superior strains. S4. Divide the 4-5 superior varieties from step S3 into 4-5 plots for planting, conduct variety identification experiments, and screen out the varieties with the largest yield increase to obtain high-yield rice.

[0005] Furthermore, the rice variety mentioned in step S1 is Yingxiang No. 1.

[0006] Furthermore, in step S1, the screening process selects plants with compact plant type, plant height of 90-110cm, large panicle with many grains, ≥150 grains per panicle, and resistance to rice blast.

[0007] Furthermore, the aforementioned unhealthy plants have insufficient tillering, fewer than 18 effective panicles per plant, poor resistance, and rice blast lesions of grade ≥3.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S3, the screening is performed with a lesion rate of <10% and a tillering rate of >60%.

[0009] Furthermore, the cell described in step S4 has an area of ​​13-14m². 2 .

[0010] Furthermore, the planting method described in steps S2-S4 is as follows: sowing in late April, seed soaking in pesticide, dry-raising to cultivate strong seedlings with tillers, seedling age 28-32 days, spraying grafting agent 3-5 days before transplanting; adopting wide rows and narrow plants, with a plant spacing of 4 x 7 inches, planting 20,000 clumps per mu, with 3-4 seedlings per clump; applying 500-1500 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20-40 kg of compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, applying tillering fertilizer 5-7 days after planting, applying 5-8 kg of urea per mu; water management is carried out according to the method of shallow water planting, 1 inch of water for greening, thin water for tillering, drying the field when seedlings are sufficient, 1 inch of water to promote heading, and moist for strong grains.

[0011] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: The breeding method described in this application, through rigorous screening, will produce a new rice variety that is high-quality, high-yielding, and possesses strong comprehensive resistance. This variety will have excellent quality and taste, meeting market demand for rice. By employing wide-row, narrow-plant planting and water management, stem strength will be enhanced, increasing lodging resistance. Screening for individual plants resistant to rice blast will further strengthen the offspring's resistance to the disease. The high-yielding rice variety bred in this application, through its high yield, stress resistance, and superior quality, will significantly improve economic benefits, promote regional brand building, foster sustainable ecological development, and contribute to rural revitalization and food security. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0013] The agent described in the specific embodiment is strong chlorine.

[0014] Example 1 A method for breeding high-yield rice includes the following steps: S1. Through field observation of rice dynamics, select superior single plants with compact plant type (plant height 100cm), ≥150 grains per panicle, and resistance to rice blast. S2. Plant the superior single plants from step S1, and eliminate plants with insufficient tillering (effective panicles < 18 panicles / plant) and poor resistance (rice blast lesions ≥ 3). Select 8 superior single rice plants, thresh, bag and store them. S3. Plant the 8 excellent rice plants from step S2 separately, screen for disease spot rate <10% and tillering panicle rate >60%, and select 4 excellent lines. S4. Divide the four superior varieties into four plots for planting, with each plot having an area of ​​13.33m². 2 They conducted strain identification experiments to screen out the strains with the largest yield increase and obtain high-yield rice.

[0015] The planting method described in steps S2-S4 is as follows: sow seeds in late April, soak seeds in pesticide, cultivate strong seedlings with tillers in dry conditions, and maintain a seedling age of 30 days. Spray a grafting agent 4 days before transplanting. Use wide rows and narrow plants, with a plant spacing of 4 x 7 inches, plant 20,000 clumps per mu, and plant 3 seedlings per clump. Apply 1,000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 30 kg of compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer. Apply tillering fertilizer 6 days after planting, and apply 7 kg of urea per mu. Water management should follow the method of shallow water planting, 1 inch of water for greening, thin water for tillering, sufficient seedlings for sun drying, 1 inch of water for heading promotion, and moist for strong grains.

[0016] Compare with Example 1 This comparative example uses Diantun 502 as a control.

[0017] Performance testing Example 1 was tested.

[0018] Example 1 was planted in five locations in Dehong Prefecture: Mangshi, Lianghe, Yingjiang, Longchuan, and Ruili, for two consecutive years. The average yield per mu (667 square meters) and the yield increase rate and yield increase point rate compared with control example 1 were calculated. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0019] Table 1: First Year

[0020] Table 2: Second Year

[0021] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the high-yield rice bred by the breeding method of this application has a much higher yield than the rice of Control Example 1. The average yield per mu in the first year reached 580.2 kg, which is 26.4% higher than that of Control Example 1 (Diantun 502) and the yield increase rate is 100%. The average yield per mu in the second year reached 556.5 kg, which is 22.4% higher than that of Control Example 1 and the yield increase rate is 100%. This shows that the breeding method of this application can breed high-yield rice.

[0022] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the concept of this application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the inventive concept or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for breeding high-yield rice, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select superior individual plants by observing the dynamics of rice in the field; S2. Plant the superior individual plants from step S1, eliminate the inferior plants, select 6-8 excellent individual rice plants, thresh, bag and store them. S3. Plant the excellent rice plants from step S2 separately and select 4-5 superior strains. S4. Divide the 4-5 superior varieties from step S3 into 4-5 plots for planting, conduct variety identification experiments, and screen out the varieties with the largest yield increase to obtain high-yield rice.

2. The high-yield rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rice variety mentioned in step S1 is Yingxiang No.

1.

3. The high-yield rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening described in step S1 selects plants with compact plant type, plant height of 90-110cm, large panicle with many grains, ≥150 grains per panicle, and resistance to rice blast.

4. The high-yield rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unhealthy plants have insufficient tillering, fewer than 18 effective panicles per plant, poor resistance, and rice blast lesions of grade ≥3.

5. The high-yield rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening described in step S3 is performed on plants with a lesion rate of <10% and a tillering-to-ear rate of >60%.

6. The high-yield rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The residential area mentioned in step S4 has an area of ​​13-14 square meters. 2 .

7. The high-yield rice breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting method described in steps S2-S4 is as follows: sowing in late April, seed soaking in pesticide, dry-seedling cultivation with tillers, seedling age 28-32 days, spraying grafting agent 3-5 days before transplanting; adopting wide rows and narrow plants, with a plant spacing of 4 x 7 inches, planting 20,000 clumps per mu, with 3-4 seedlings per clump; applying 500-1500 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20-40 kg of compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, applying tillering fertilizer 5-7 days after planting, applying 5-8 kg of urea per mu; water management is carried out according to the method of shallow water planting, 1 inch of water for greening, thin water for tillering, drying the field when seedlings are sufficient, 1 inch of water to promote heading, and moist for strong grains.

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