A mooring device and method for a ship in a dock

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of quick mooring device and method of dock ship, including base assembly, rotating member, sliding force transmission assembly, tensioning mechanism, pull rod assembly and mechanical locking assembly;Rotating member and sliding force transmission assembly constitute multi-degree-of-freedom servo mechanism, for adapting to the force direction change of mooring cable;Tensioning mechanism is used to drive sliding force transmission assembly to realize tensioning and release;Mechanical locking assembly includes skip plate and wedge group, for realizing the quick coarse adjustment positioning and accurate locking of load;Through the above structure, self-adaptive force adjustment during the process of small boat in dock ship is realized Lift and bottoming, and load is switched from driving bearing to mechanical bearing on deck;Method includes connection, tensioning, self-adaptive adjustment and mechanical locking steps;The scheme does not need underwater operation, and operation safety is high, and mooring efficiency is high, and it is suitable for the quick mooring and release operation of large-tonnage small boat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of marine transportation and ship stabilization equipment, specifically relating to a quick stabilization device and method for dock ships. Background Technology

[0002] In dock ship transport operations, small boats weighing hundreds of tons need to be reliably secured and quickly released upon arrival at the operational area. Existing methods mainly rely on distributed lashing devices such as lashing chains and tensioners or temporary welded restraint structures, which have problems such as numerous operational steps, dependence on manual experience, and poor adaptability. At the same time, during the dock ship's diving and surfacing, the lashing points are easily submerged, requiring underwater operations for untying or premature release of restraints, which respectively bring technical contradictions of high safety risks and loss of process control.

[0003] The main drawbacks of existing technologies are: first, the load-bearing capacity is dispersed, requiring multiple points of arrangement, making it difficult to balance the overall force and resulting in low tethering efficiency; second, they lack the ability to adapt to changes in the attitude of small boats during the bottoming process, which can easily generate additional loads; third, the locking methods are mainly hydraulic or simple mechanical, resulting in unstable load switching and insufficient reliability; and fourth, the operation relies on underwater or high-intensity manual intervention, which leads to poor safety and repeatability.

[0004] Existing technologies include Chinese Patent-1 with publication number CN213323550U, which discloses a three-degree-of-freedom floating dock rigid mooring device. This device achieves multi-degree-of-freedom rotation through multiple pin connections. However, it is mainly used for mooring floating docks and wharves, and the mooring method is a rigid connection, which cannot adapt to the huge attitude changes and load impacts when large tonnage ships are bottomed. For example, patent application CN115551774A discloses a mooring device, mooring system, and ship. This device captures cables through a rotatable guide arc, which is mainly used to simplify cable handling operations at wharves and does not address the mechanical locking of large loads in the dock or the avoidance of underwater operations. In addition, patent-3 with publication number CN220243468U discloses a "floating dock pier mooring device", which fixes guide columns through a clamp structure. This device is mainly used for the positioning of the floating dock itself, rather than for the rapid mooring of small boats in the dock.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need for a quick-locking device and method for dock ships that can overcome the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a rapid mooring device and method for dock ships, which has the advantages of strong mooring capability, convenient operation, high safety, and reusability. It aims to achieve a fully deck-based operation for reliable mooring and rapid release of small boats from dock ships.

[0007] This application aims to solve one of the problems in the background art. The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: To achieve the above-mentioned objective and other related objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A quick-locking device for dock ships includes:

[0009] The base assembly is mounted on the dock wall of the dock ship;

[0010] The rotating component and the base assembly form a rotating pair, and the rotating component cannot move axially relative to the base assembly. After rotating, the rotating component faces the tensioning direction of the cable.

[0011] The lower end of the sliding force transmission component and the rotating component form a sliding pair along the working axis. The upper end of the sliding force transmission component is connected to the mooring cable. The sliding force transmission component is used to pull the mooring cable.

[0012] The tensioning mechanism, driven by the sliding force transmission component, is used to apply or release tension on the mooring cable;

[0013] The tie rod assembly is connected to the sliding force transmission assembly and has multiple first positioning holes along the axial direction;

[0014] A mechanical locking assembly, located outside the tie rod assembly, is used to selectively lock or release the axial position of the tie rod assembly;

[0015] The combination of the rotating component and the sliding force transmission component allows the upper end of the sliding force transmission component to connect to the mooring cable relative to the base component, forming a degree of freedom of movement, rotation, and swing, which can be used to adapt to the directional changes when the mooring cable is pulled or released.

[0016] The technical solution provided in this application also has the following technical features:

[0017] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, the rotating component includes a rotating cylinder, the side wall of which is provided with an opening structure to form a groove, a part of the sliding force transmission component forms a slider for cooperating with the groove; another part of the sliding force transmission component is connected to the slider and extends out of the groove.

[0018] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, the sliding force transmission component includes a sliding core and a swing arm. One end of the swing arm is hinged to the sliding core, and the other end is used to connect to the mooring cable to realize the directional transmission of tension force.

[0019] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, the sliding core is a multi-piston structure, and its outer periphery is provided with a wear-resistant mating part to form a sliding fit with the inner wall of the rotating component.

[0020] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, a support limiting structure is provided between the swing arm and the rotating component to provide surface contact support and limit offset during the swinging process.

[0021] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, the tensioning mechanism is a fluid-driven actuator, the output end of which is directly or indirectly connected to the sliding force transmission component.

[0022] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, the mechanical locking assembly includes a coarse adjustment unit and a fine adjustment unit;

[0023] The coarse adjustment unit includes a jump plate and movable pins, used to achieve hierarchical positioning;

[0024] The fine-tuning unit includes a wedge block assembly for continuous locking.

[0025] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, the wedge block group includes side wedge blocks and middle wedge blocks, and the spacing is changed by the wedge surface engagement under the drive of the adjusting member to form an axial clamping of the tie rod assembly.

[0026] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, the spacing between the second positioning holes on the jump plate is a non-integer multiple ratio to the spacing between the first positioning holes, which is used to reduce the fine-tuning range and improve the success rate of hole alignment.

[0027] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, a limiting guide structure is further included, which is disposed between the base assembly and the rotating member to limit axial displacement and allow rotation.

[0028] This application also provides a method for rapid securing of a dock ship, which utilizes the aforementioned rapid securing device for a dock ship and includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. Complete the deck connection of the mooring lines while the dock ship is in a semi-submerged state;

[0030] S2. Pre-tensioning is achieved by driving the sliding force transmission component through the tensioning mechanism;

[0031] S3. During the process of the dock ship rising to the surface, the direction of force is adaptively adjusted by rotating components and sliding force transmission components;

[0032] S4. The switch from drive load to mechanical load is completed through the mechanical locking component;

[0033] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, coarse positioning is achieved by the cooperation of the jump plate and the first positioning hole, and fine-tuning and locking are achieved by the wedge block group.

[0034] Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, the mechanical lock is first released during the release process, and then the tensioning mechanism reverses to unload the residual load.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has achieved the following technical advancements:

[0037] 1. In order to solve the problem of high safety risks caused by underwater untying during dock operations, a structural form is adopted in which rotating components, sliding force transmission components and mechanical locking components are arranged in a coordinated manner on the deck side. The connection, tensioning and release operations of mooring lines are transferred to the deck environment, which overcomes the defects of existing technologies that rely on diving or pre-untying. The technical effect of no underwater operation throughout the process and significantly improved operational safety is achieved.

[0038] 2. In order to solve the problem of additional load and uneven force caused by the change of attitude during the bottoming process of the small boat, a multi-degree-of-freedom follower mechanism composed of a rotating drum and a swing arm is adopted to keep the force direction of the mooring cable basically collinear with the swing arm. This overcomes the defect of poor adaptability of rigid connection structure and achieves the technical effect of adaptive force adjustment and reduction of additional load.

[0039] 3. In order to solve the problems of dispersed load and unstable locking in the existing fastening method, a tie rod assembly and a mechanical locking assembly are used to form a concentrated load-bearing path, and axial rigid locking is achieved by a wedge block assembly. This overcomes the instability defects of relying on multi-point chains or single hydraulic load-bearing, and achieves the technical effect of concentrated load transmission and improved locking reliability.

[0040] 4. In order to solve the problems of difficult hole alignment and low locking adjustment efficiency on site, a coarse adjustment structure with non-integer multiple hole spacing of jump plate and pull rod assembly is adopted, combined with wedge block fine adjustment mechanism. This overcomes the defects of traditional continuous fine adjustment with large range and complicated operation, and achieves the technical effect of combining rapid positioning and small-range fine adjustment, and improving operation efficiency.

[0041] 5. In order to solve the problems of relying on high-intensity manual labor and complicated steps in the fastening and release process, a staged switching method of tensioning mechanism drive and mechanical locking is adopted to achieve a smooth transition of load from drive bearing to mechanical bearing. This overcomes the defects of repeated manual fastening and unstable switching, and achieves the technical effect of simplified operation steps and improved consistency of repetitive operations. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0043] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a top view of a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0045] Figure 3 This is an axial sectional view of a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a side view of a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the sliding core and wear-resistant mating parts in a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0048] Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the tie rod assembly and mechanical locking assembly in a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a side view of the tie rod assembly and mechanical locking assembly in a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the jump plate in a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pin hole spacing of the jump plate in a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment.

[0052] Figure 10 This is an isometric view of some components of the mechanical locking assembly in a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a side view of a mechanical locking component in a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 12 This is a front view of some components of the mechanical locking assembly in a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0055] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of a mechanical locking component in a dock ship quick-locking device according to one embodiment;

[0056] Figure 14 This is an overall schematic diagram of a dock ship quick-locking device in conjunction with a dock ship and a small boat, according to one embodiment;

[0057] Figure 15 This is a partial schematic diagram of a method for rapid mooring of a dock ship in one embodiment, before mooring.

[0058] Figure 16 This is a partial schematic diagram of a dock ship rapid rigging operation method according to one embodiment;

[0059] Components in the diagram:

[0060] 10. Base assembly

[0061] 11. Public seating area

[0062] 12. Side support

[0063] 13. Intermediate support

[0064] 14. Bolt assembly

[0065] 20. Rotating components

[0066] 21. Rotating drum

[0067] 22. Tail end cap

[0068] 23. End cap screws

[0069] 24. Head cap

[0070] 30. Sliding force transmission component

[0071] 31. Slippery core

[0072] 32. Wear-resistant mating parts

[0073] 33. Kingpin

[0074] 34. Arm Swing

[0075] 35. Friction Plate

[0076] 36. Shackle

[0077] 40. Tensioning mechanism

[0078] 50. Tie rod assembly

[0079] 51. Pull rod

[0080] 52. Rod head earrings

[0081] 53. Rod head pin

[0082] 60. Mechanical locking assembly

[0083] 61. Jump position board

[0084] 62. Activity Sales

[0085] 63. Edge wedge block

[0086] 64. Intermediate wedge

[0087] 65. Outer frame

[0088] 66. Adjusting bolt

[0089] 67. Adjusting nut

[0090] 100. Dock ship

[0091] 101. Dock Wall

[0092] 200. Boat

[0093] 201. Boat deck

[0094] 202. Mooring bollards

[0095] 300. Tie rope

[0096] 131. Box-type structure

[0097] 132. Limit slider

[0098] 211. Steel cylinder

[0099] 212. Thick-walled ring

[0100] 213. Circular reinforcing rib

[0101] 214. Wear-resistant steel plate

[0102] 215. Lip-shaped protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0103] The specific embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only for illustrating this application and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0104] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0105] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0106] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0107] In the existing technology, there is a lack of effective and mature technical solutions for achieving high-precision, zero-clearance, and rigid stabilization of large-tonnage ships in a deck environment with wave loads without relying on diving operations. Therefore, this application proposes a dock ship rapid stabilization device based on this.

[0108] like Figure 1-4 A quick-locking device for dock ships, comprising:

[0109] The base assembly 10 is mounted on the dock wall 101 of the dock ship 100;

[0110] The rotating member 20 and the base assembly 10 form a rotating pair, and the rotating member 20 cannot move axially relative to the base assembly 10. After rotating, the rotating member 20 is oriented towards the tensioning direction of the mooring cable 300.

[0111] A sliding pair is formed between the lower end of the sliding force transmission component 30 and the rotating component 20 along the pivot axis. The upper end of the sliding force transmission component 30 is connected to the mooring cable 300. The sliding force transmission component 30 is used to pull the mooring cable 300.

[0112] Tensioning mechanism 40 is drivenly connected to sliding force transmission component 30 and is used to apply or release tension to mooring cable 300;

[0113] The tie rod assembly 50 is connected to the sliding force transmission assembly 30 and has a plurality of first positioning holes along the axial direction;

[0114] A mechanical locking assembly 60 is disposed outside the tie rod assembly 50 and is used to selectively lock or release the axial position of the tie rod assembly 50.

[0115] The combination of the rotating component 20 and the sliding force transmission component 30 allows the upper end of the sliding force transmission component 30 to be connected to the mooring cable 300 relative to the base component 10, forming a degree of freedom of movement, rotation, and swing, which is used to adapt to the directional changes when the mooring cable 300 is pulled or released.

[0116] When implementing this application, the key points of implementation are as follows: This device uses the base assembly 10 as the installation reference for the dock wall 101 of the dock ship 100, and forms a stable support by bolts or welding; the rotating component 20 and the base assembly 10 form a rotating pair around the axis, and axial constraint is achieved by structural limit, so that it only has the ability to adjust the angle; the sliding force transmission component 30 is slidably arranged along the axis of the rotating component 20, and its upper end is connected to the mooring cable 300 by a shackle, and its lower end forms a force transmission path with the tensioning mechanism 40 and the tie rod assembly 50; the tensioning mechanism 40 is used to provide initial tension force and stroke adjustment to realize the tension control of the mooring cable 300; the tie rod assembly 50 forms a discrete positioning reference through multi-stage first positioning holes, and the mechanical locking component 60 is sleeved on the outside of the tie rod assembly 50, and axial position locking is achieved by coarse adjustment positioning and fine adjustment wedge tightening structure, so that the hydraulic load is transferred to mechanical load after tensioning is completed;

[0117] The working process of this application is as follows: After the device completes the connection between the mooring line 300 and the sliding force transmission component 30 in the semi-submerged state of the dock ship 100, the tensioning mechanism 40 drives the sliding force transmission component 30 to move axially, applying pretension to the mooring line 300; during the floating of the dock ship 100 and the bottoming of the small boat 200, the force direction of the mooring line 300 changes, the rotating component 20 rotates around the base component 10, and the sliding force transmission component 30 slides axially within it at the same time, so that the mooring line 300 is always in a reasonable force direction, realizing attitude adaptive adjustment; when the dock ship 100 is fully floated, the mechanical locking component 60 positions and locks the tie rod component 50, fixing the axial position of the sliding force transmission component 30, releasing the load of the tensioning mechanism 40, so that the tension of the mooring line 300 is borne by the mechanical structure; during release, the operation is reversed, first releasing the mechanical lock, then unloading the residual force through the tensioning mechanism 40, and then releasing the connection of the mooring line 300, realizing safe release.

[0118] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the rotating member 20 includes a rotating cylinder 21, the side wall of which is provided with an opening structure to form a slide groove, a part of the sliding force transmission component 30 forms a slider for engaging with the slide groove; another part of the sliding force transmission component 30 is connected to the slider and extends out of the slide groove.

[0119] The sliding force transmission assembly 30 includes a sliding core 31 and a swing arm 34. One end of the swing arm 34 is hinged to the sliding core 31, and the other end is used to connect to the mooring cable 300 to realize the directional transmission of tension force.

[0120] The sliding core 31 has a multi-piston structure, and a wear-resistant mating part 32 is provided on its outer periphery to form a sliding fit with the inner wall of the rotating component 20; a support and limiting structure is provided between the swing arm 34 and the rotating component 20 to provide surface contact support and limit the offset during the swing process;

[0121] In this embodiment, the rotating cylinder 21 can be integrally machined from thick-walled alloy steel, and its side wall opening is formed into a continuous groove by CNC milling. The groove edge is chamfered and surface carburized or quenched to improve wear resistance. The sliding force transmission component 30 adopts a replaceable guide liner structure for the sliding surface between the slider and the groove to compensate for the gap change caused by long-term wear. The sliding core 31 is processed into a multi-piston structure by connecting multiple plates, and polymer-based wear-resistant mating parts 32 are press-fitted or sprayed on the outer periphery to reduce high-load sliding friction. The swing arm 34 and the sliding core 31 are hinged by a pin and a limiting bushing is provided to prevent uneven wear. At the same time, the support and limiting structure between the swing arm 34 and the rotating cylinder 21 is preferably an arc-shaped sliding bearing surface mating structure, which transmits load through surface contact to avoid point load impact. During the overall assembly, it is necessary to control the gap between the slider and the groove to maintain smooth sliding in the low-temperature marine environment, so as to ensure that no jamming occurs when the force direction is adaptive.

[0122] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the tensioning mechanism 40 is a fluid-driven actuator, and its output end is directly or indirectly connected to the sliding force transmission component 30.

[0123] The mechanical locking assembly 60 includes a coarse adjustment unit and a fine adjustment unit;

[0124] The coarse adjustment unit includes a jump plate 61 and a movable pin 62, which are used to achieve hierarchical positioning;

[0125] The fine-tuning unit includes a wedge assembly for continuous locking;

[0126] The wedge block assembly includes a side wedge block 63 and a middle wedge block 64. The spacing is changed by the wedge surface engagement under the drive of the adjusting component to form an axial clamping of the tie rod assembly 50.

[0127] The spacing between the second positioning holes on the jump plate 61 is a non-integer multiple of the spacing between the first positioning holes, which is used to reduce the fine-tuning range and improve the success rate of hole alignment.

[0128] In this embodiment, the tensioning mechanism 40 preferably adopts a double-acting hydraulic cylinder structure. Its cylinder body is rigidly connected to the base assembly 10 or the rotating component 20 through a flange, and the piston rod end is connected to the sliding core 31 through a ball joint or lug structure to eliminate the lateral force caused by the off-center load. The hydraulic system needs to be equipped with a pressure holding valve and an overload relief valve to adapt to the bottom impact load. In the coarse adjustment unit of the mechanical locking assembly 60, the jump plate 61 adopts a frame structure, and its guide sliding surface can be equipped with a low-friction guide rail or roller structure to ensure that it can still move under load. For the hole alignment, the movable pin 62 is preferably a quick-release pin structure with a locking spring to prevent loosening due to vibration. The side wedge 63 and the middle wedge 64 in the fine-tuning wedge block group are made of high-strength alloy steel and have undergone surface hardening treatment. The wedge angle needs to be controlled within the self-locking critical range to ensure locking stability. The middle wedge 64 is driven by the adjusting bolt to achieve a small axial displacement, thereby forming a controllable preload. The hole distance between the jump plate 61 and the tie rod assembly 50 is designed as a non-integer multiple to avoid the accumulation of periodic hole alignment errors and improve the probability of rapid on-site positioning.

[0129] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the horizontal rotation angle range of the rotating drum 21 is: The vertical swing angle range of the swing arm 34 is The effective axial travel of the sliding core 31 is 800mm-1500mm, which can be adapted to small boats in the range of hundreds of tons (100 tons-800 tons) and their extreme attitude deviations during the bottoming process.

[0130] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, under conventional rigid fixation, the fixation point will be subjected to huge radial shear force because the force vectors are not collinear. After adopting the follower mechanism of this application, since the swing arm 34 is always collinear with the mooring cable, it has multiple degrees of freedom, including rotation, movement and swing, which reduces the shear force by more than 85%.

[0131] By dynamically aligning the rotating components and the swing arm, real-time alignment of the cable tension vector with the load-bearing axis was achieved. In a single simulation test, the lateral eccentric stress at the anchor point was reduced from 350 MPa to below 45 MPa. Since this value is far below the material's yield strength limit (a type of failure stress), the safety of the structure under extreme dynamic conditions is significantly improved; lateral eccentric stress is the additional stress generated by the lateral component force.

[0132] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, rotating the adjusting bolt 66 can drive the middle wedge block 64 to move axially, and use the wedge surface to precisely open or tighten the gap between the two side wedge blocks 63, so that they finally abut against the end of the rotating cylinder 21 and the jump plate 61, thereby completing the precise locking of the axial position of the pull rod 51. In this process, the structure of this embodiment plays not only the role of eliminating gaps or spacing, but also the role of a jack.

[0133] The bevel angle of the middle wedge is ,pass Its self-locking wedge design, with the help of the lever action of a wrench, requires only 150N of manual operation force to generate an axial preload locking force of more than 50kN, achieving interference clamping of the tie rod assembly.

[0134] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, a limiting guide structure is also included, which is disposed between the base assembly 10 and the rotating member 20, for limiting axial displacement and allowing rotation;

[0135] In this embodiment, the limiting guide structure is disposed between the base assembly 10 and the rotating component 20. It can be in the form of an embedded slider and a guide groove. The guide slider is preferably made of seawater corrosion resistant copper alloy or composite liner material and is replaceably connected to the intermediate support 13 by bolts. The guide groove is disposed in the area of ​​the annular reinforcing rib 213 on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 21 to ensure the continuity of the force transmission path. This structure only restricts axial movement and does not participate in the main force transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that its gap can prevent axial movement without interfering with the rotational degree of freedom. During assembly, coaxiality calibration is required to avoid jamming caused by eccentric wear of the rotating cylinder 21.

[0136] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, a method for rapid mooring of a dock vessel, using the aforementioned rapid mooring device, includes the following steps:

[0137] S1. Complete the deck connection of mooring cable 300 while the dock ship is in a semi-submerged state;

[0138] S2. Pre-tensioning is achieved by driving the sliding force transmission component 30 through the tensioning mechanism 40;

[0139] S3. During the process of the dock ship rising to the surface, the direction of force is adaptively adjusted by rotating component 20 and sliding force transmission component 30.

[0140] S4. The mechanical locking component 60 completes the switch from drive load to mechanical load;

[0141] Coarse positioning is achieved by the cooperation of the jump plate 61 with the first positioning hole, and fine locking is achieved by the wedge block group;

[0142] During the release process, the mechanical lock is first released. Before releasing the mechanical lock, it is necessary to switch the mechanical load to the drive load, that is, check the working load of the tensioning mechanism 40, and then the tensioning mechanism 40 moves in reverse to unload the residual load.

[0143] Under the influence of long-period waves in the deep sea, the stabilization system may accumulate huge residual internal stress. Directly pulling out the pin may cause "jamming" or "ejection" and injury accidents. By actively applying an instantaneous tension of 105% of the rated load through the tensioning mechanism, a slight loosening gap, such as 0.5-5mm, is created in the mechanical locking component, which can ensure that the pin can be pulled out under zero load.

[0144] In this embodiment, in step S1, the tensioning mechanism 40 is fully extended to form a low-tension state, enabling the shackle 36 to achieve a stress-free connection with the mooring bollard 202. In step S2, the hydraulic control valve group achieves graded pressurization, causing the sliding force transmission component 30 to slowly move to the pre-tensioned position, avoiding impact loads. In step S3, as the dock ship 100 floats up due to water displacement, the rotating component 20 and the sliding force transmission component 30 are simultaneously adjusted in angle and axial direction, ensuring that the mooring cable 300 always maintains a near-linear force state, reducing lateral force. In step S4, the discrete hole positions are first coarsely positioned by the jump plate 61, and then the axial pre-tensioning force is applied by the wedge block group to achieve continuous locking, allowing the load to be smoothly transferred from the hydraulic system to the mechanical structure. During release, the pre-tensioning force of the wedge block group is first released and the movable pin 62 is withdrawn, allowing the system to return to a free state. Then, the tensioning mechanism 40 reverses its return stroke to remove residual stress, thereby avoiding instantaneous unloading impact.

[0145] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, the base assembly 10 serves as an installation base and is fixedly mounted on the dock wall 101 of the dock ship 100;

[0146] The rotating component 20 includes a rotating cylinder 21 with a slot on its side, which is rotatably mounted on the base assembly 10 about its own axis; the sliding force transmission component 30 is the core of force transmission, which includes a sliding core 31 that is axially slidably disposed in the rotating cylinder 21, and a swing arm 34 hinged to one end of the sliding core 31; the other end of the swing arm 34 extends through the slot of the rotating cylinder 21 to the outside for connecting the mooring cable 300;

[0147] The cylinder of the tensioning mechanism 40 is fixedly connected to the rotating component 20, and its piston rod is driven to the sliding core 31, which is used to drive the sliding core 31 to slide axially in the rotating drum 21, thereby realizing the tensioning and release of the mooring cable 300.

[0148] One end of the pull rod assembly 50 is fixedly connected to the slide core 31, and its body has a plurality of first positioning holes along the axial direction.

[0149] The mechanical locking assembly 60 is sleeved on the pull rod assembly 50 and located outside the rotating member 20. It is the core of the mechanical locking of the load. It includes a jump plate 61 for coarse adjustment and a wedge block group for fine adjustment. The jump plate 61 has a plurality of second positioning holes that can be selectively aligned with the first positioning hole.

[0150] Through the above structure, the present invention utilizes a rotatable drum 21 and a swing arm 34 to construct a multi-degree-of-freedom adaptive adjustment mechanism. When the small boat 200 sits on the bottom during the buoyancy of the dock 100 and undergoes vertical displacement relative to the dock wall 101, the angle of the mooring line 300 changes, and the drum 21 and the swing arm 34 can rotate automatically accordingly, ensuring that the swing arm 34 is always on the same straight line as the mooring line 300, and the device is under optimal stress. At the same time, through the cooperation of the tie rod assembly 50 and the mechanical locking assembly 60, the load is smoothly switched from hydraulic to mechanical, ensuring the reliability of the mooring during navigation.

[0151] Furthermore, the fine-tuning function of the mechanical locking assembly 60 is achieved through a clever wedge mechanism. It includes two side wedges 63 fitted on the pull rod 51 and a middle wedge 64 located between them. By rotating the adjusting bolt 66, the middle wedge 64 can be driven to move axially. The wedge surfaces are used to precisely open or tighten the gap between the two side wedges 63, so that they finally abut against the end of the rotating cylinder 21 and the jump plate 61, thus completing the precise locking of the axial position of the pull rod 51. The coarse-tuning function is achieved by the jump plate 61 with a specially spaced second positioning hole. The pin hole spacing is a fraction (e.g., a quarter) of the spacing of the first positioning holes on the pull rod 51. This allows the jump plate 61 to be moved slightly outward at any position and find a pin hole that is aligned with the pull rod 51. This makes a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole concentric and complete the pin insertion, compressing the adjustment range required by the fine-tuning mechanism into a very small range, greatly reducing the difficulty of on-site operation.

[0152] The present invention also provides an operating method based on the above-mentioned device; by arranging multiple sets of devices relative to each other on the dock ship 100 and the dock wall 101, the deck connection of the mooring cable 300 is completed in the semi-submerged state of the dock ship 100; then the tensioning mechanism 40 is used to perform tensioning and fine adjustment of the position of the small boat 200; during the process of the dock ship 100 rising and the small boat 200 settling on the bottom, the device rotates adaptively; after the dock ship 100 is fully raised, the coarse and fine adjustments of the mechanical locking component 60 are operated sequentially on the deck to complete the mechanical locking; the release is achieved by reversing the operation; the whole process only requires 1-2 operators on the deck and takes only a few minutes.

[0153] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, a dock ship quick-locking device is implemented as follows, its structure is as follows: Figures 1 to 4 As shown; the device mainly includes a base assembly 10, a rotating component 20, a sliding force transmission assembly 30, a tensioning mechanism 40, a pull rod assembly 50, and a mechanical locking assembly 60;

[0154] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the base assembly 10 includes a common base 11, which is horizontally wall-mounted and welded to the internal dock wall 101 of the dock ship 100; two side supports 12 and one intermediate support 13 are fixed to the common base 11 by bolt group 14; the side supports 12 are annular sliding bearing seats with precision machined inner holes, used to support the two ends of the rotating cylinder 21; the main body of the intermediate support 13 is a box-shaped structure 131, and a limiting slider 132 is installed on each of its left and right end faces;

[0155] like Figure 4 As shown, the core of the rotating component 20 is a circular steel 1 with a slot on the side; the main body of the rotating cylinder 21 is a circular steel cylinder 211, and the two ends of the steel cylinder 211 are reinforced by thick-walled rings 212 and installed in the annular holes of the side support 12, so it can rotate freely around its central axis; to prevent the rotating cylinder 21 from axially moving during operation, a wear-resistant plate 214 is provided on the annular reinforcing rib 213 in the middle, and the wear-resistant plate 214 slides with the limiting slider 132 on the middle support 13, which not only restricts axial displacement but also does not hinder its rotation; a lip-shaped reinforced lip protrusion 215 is provided at the slot of the rotating cylinder 21, and the lip surface is precision machined to cooperate with the sliding of subsequent components; a tail end cover 22 with a blind plate structure is installed at the tail end of the rotating cylinder 21, and a head end cover 24 with a cylindrical seat structure is installed at the head end; two circular holes are opened on the head end cover 24 for the tie rod assembly 50 to pass through;

[0156] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the sliding force transmission component 30 is the core transmission component of the device; the sliding core 31 is a dumbbell-shaped double piston structure, with wear-resistant fitting parts 32 installed on the outer walls of its two pistons. The outer diameter of the wear-resistant fitting parts 32 is precisely fitted with the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 21, allowing the sliding core 31 to slide smoothly back and forth within the rotating cylinder 21 and withstand huge lateral forces; the two pistons are connected by parallel ear plates, and the pin holes on the ear plates are hinged to one end of the swing arm 34 through the main pin shaft 33; the swing arm 34 is a long strip-shaped spectacle plate structure, with friction plates 35 on both the upper and lower sides of its waist; when the swing arm 34 is mounted... When the friction plate 35 enters the rotating drum 21, it contacts the lip surface of the groove of the rotating drum 21 and can slide on it. The size of the friction plate 35 is designed to ensure that it can maintain full contact with the lip-shaped protrusion 215 platform at any working angle of the swing arm 34, providing stable support. The other end of the swing arm 34 is connected to a marine shackle 36 for connecting the mooring cable 300. A double ear plate is provided on the outside of a piston of the sliding core 31. One ear plate hole is connected to the piston rod of the tensioning mechanism 40, and the other ear plate hole is connected to the pull rod assembly 50.

[0157] like Figure 3As shown, the front part of the cylinder of the tensioning mechanism 40 is fixedly connected to the first end cover 24 of the rotating component 20 through a flange; controlled by the hydraulic system, the extension and retraction of its piston rod will directly drive the sliding core 31 to make axial displacement in the rotating cylinder 21.

[0158] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the pull rod assembly 50 includes a long rod with a flat drum-shaped cross-section—the pull rod 51; the pull rod 51 has multiple transverse pin holes at fixed intervals (e.g., 100 mm) along its axis, which are regarded as the first positioning holes; one end of the pull rod 51 is provided with a rod head lug 52, which is hinged to the double lug plate on the slide core 31 through the rod head pin 53; the body of the pull rod 51 passes through the round hole on the end cap 24 and can slide in the hole as the slide core 31 moves;

[0159] Mechanical locking assembly 60 is a mechanical locking mechanism for the load, and its structural details are as follows: Figures 6 to 13 As shown; it is fitted onto the pull rod 51 and located outside the head cover 24; the mechanical locking assembly 60 includes a frame-type jump plate 61; as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the jump plate 61 is composed of four steel plates, one on the top, one on the bottom, and one on the left and right. The left and right plates are thicker, while the top and bottom plates are thinner. The thin plates have embedded arc-shaped sliders that can slide along the pull rod 51. The left and right thick plates have multiple pin holes, which are considered as second positioning holes. The spacing of these pin holes is specially designed, for example, 125mm, 150mm and 175mm, which are 125%, 150% and 175% of the pin hole spacing on the pull rod 51 (taking 100mm as an example). This non-integer multiple design ensures that no matter where the jump plate 61 slides to, it can find a pin hole that aligns with a pin hole on the pull rod 51 within 25% of the first positioning hole spacing, thereby achieving coarse adjustment positioning.

[0160] The fine-tuning function of the mechanical locking assembly 60 is provided by Figures 10 to 13 The wedge assembly shown is implemented as follows: two side wedges 63 are fitted onto the pull rod 51, and the middle wedge 64 is installed between the two side wedges 63. The three are in contact through mating wedge surfaces. An outer frame 65 fits the side wedges 63 and the middle wedge 64 inside, serving as a guide and limiting element. The bottom crossbeam of the outer frame 65 has bolt holes through which adjusting bolts 66 pass. The side wall of the middle wedge 64 has a vertical circular hole, and a rectangular hole is vertically opened in the center of the circular hole. A hexagonal adjusting nut 67 is embedded in the rectangular hole and its rotation is restricted. The adjusting bolt 66 passes through the bottom of the outer frame 65, and its top end is screwed into the adjusting nut 67. Therefore, rotating the adjusting bolt 66 can drive the adjusting nut 67 and the middle wedge 64 to move up and down, thereby changing the distance between the two side wedges 63.

[0161] The operation method of the dry dock quick-locking device is detailed below:

[0162] Combination Figures 14 to 16 This embodiment also details the operation method of the above-mentioned device; such as Figure 14 As shown, four sets of the above-mentioned mooring devices are installed at certain intervals on the dock wall 101 of the dock ship 100, arranged in pairs facing each other; on the small boat deck 201 near the side of the boat 200, one mooring bollard 202 is installed at the bow and stern; the operation methods are divided into mooring operation and release operation.

[0163] I. Securing operation, combined with Figure 15 , Figure 16 ;

[0164] Initial connection as Figure 15 The dock vessel 100 is in a semi-submerged state, with a certain water level maintained inside the dock. At this time, the piston rods of all tensioning mechanisms 40 are fully extended. The operator drives the small boat 200 into the designated position inside the dock. Because the hydraulic cylinders are fully extended, the distance between the shackle 36 and the mooring bollard 202 is very close, and the operator can easily connect the mooring line 300 between the shackle 36 and the mooring bollard 202. The entire connection process is completed on the deck.

[0165] Pre-tensioning: After all the cables of the four mooring devices on one side are connected, the operator controls the piston rod of the tensioning mechanism 40 to retract; the hydraulic cylinder pulls the sliding core 31 to slide into the rotating cylinder 21, so that the distance between the two shackles 36 connected to the same mooring bollard 202 is increased, thereby tensioning the mooring cable 300; the operator can precisely adjust the fore-and-aft position of the small boat 200 by adjusting the stroke of the two hydraulic cylinders respectively, so that the mooring cable 300 achieves the optimal lateral and longitudinal restraint angles;

[0166] Adaptive Bottom Sealing: The dock vessel 100 begins to rise, and seawater in the dock is gradually discharged; as the water level drops, the small boat 200 gradually sits on the deck inside the dock; during this process, the small boat 200 continuously lowers relative to the dock wall 101, and the angle of the mooring cable 300 also changes accordingly; at this time, the rotating drum 21 automatically rotates within the side support 12, and the swing arm 34 also automatically swings around the main pin 33. The coordinated rotation of the two perfectly adapts to the change in the cable angle, ensuring that the swing arm 34 is always on the same straight line as the mooring cable 300, so that the device is subjected to optimal force; at the same time, the huge pulling force generated by the small boat bottoming is transmitted to the tensioning mechanism 40, and the safety valve of the hydraulic system is automatically activated to maintain the tension on the cable within the set value and protect the system safety;

[0167] Mechanical adjustment and locking, such as Figure 16After the dock 100 is fully floated and the small boat 200 is fixed in position, the mechanical locking assembly 60 is locked. First, the adjusting bolt 66 is turned to the bottom, so that the middle wedge 64 is in the lowest position and the distance between the two side wedges 63 is minimized. Next, the operator pushes the jump plate 61 towards the bow cap 24 until it is close to the side wedges 63. Then, the jump plate 61 is slowly moved outward to find any position on it that can be aligned with the pin hole on the tie rod 51 for the first time. The movable pin 62 is inserted to complete the coarse adjustment and fixation. Then, the adjusting bolt 66 is manually tightened. The adjusting bolt 66 drives the adjusting nut 67 and the middle wedge 64 to move upward. The wedge surface opens the two side wedges 63, so that one end is tightly against the bow cap 24 and the other end is tightly against the jump plate 61. At this point, the fine adjustment and locking are completed. Finally, the pressure of the tensioning mechanism 40 is released, and all the load on the mooring cable 300 is borne by the mechanical structure of the tie rod 51 and the mechanical locking assembly 60. The mooring operation is completed.

[0168] II. Release Operation;

[0169] When the dock ship 100 arrives at the designated sea area and the small boat 200 needs to be released, the following steps are performed in reverse order of the mooring operation: First, loosen the adjusting bolt 66 to lower the middle wedge block 64 and separate the side wedge block 63 from the bow end cover 24 and the ramp plate 61; then pull out the movable pin 62 to reset the ramp plate 61; next, operate the tensioning mechanism 40 to extend and remove the residual mechanical load on the tie rod 51; finally, disconnect the mooring cable 300 from the shackle 36 and the mooring bollard 202 on the deck, and the small boat 200 will be released.

[0170] The entire securing and releasing process can be completed by only 1-2 operators on the deck of the dock ship, taking only a few minutes, without requiring anyone to perform underwater operations.

[0171] To facilitate comparison with existing technologies and demonstrate the technological advancements of this application, actual measurements were conducted. Traditional mooring methods (relying on manual cable pulling, frequent fine-tuning with hydraulic pumps, and underwater inspections) have extremely high time consumption. In comparison, this application has significant technological advantages. The measured data are as follows:

[0172] Performance indicators Traditional manual fastening (standard) The present invention provides a rapid fastening device. Evaluation and assessment Single-point cable tensioning time 45.0min 4.5min Reduced by 90% Mechanical locking completion time 20.0 min (requires multiple trials to correct the hole) 1.5 min (vernier to hole) Reduced by 92.5% Operator staffing 6 people (including deck, underwater, and control personnel) 1-2 people (deck operations only) Save 70% of manpower Success rate of hole drilling (under fluctuating conditions) <15% >95% Increased by 530% System reusable lifespan 1-2 times (welding type) >5000 cycles (mechanical) Significantly improved economic efficiency

[0173] Calculations show that the time saved during each securing operation is directly converted into low-power operation time for the ship's main engine. Data shows that for a 500-ton small boat, if each semi-submersible vessel performs 50 loading operations per year, the working time is directly reduced by 34.5 hours. Assuming fuel consumption during securing operations is 0.1 tons / hour, at least 3.4 tons are saved per year, which is equivalent to a reduction of about 10.5 tons of carbon dioxide emissions.

[0174] In summary, this invention aims to solve the technical problems of cumbersome operation, underwater untying, poor safety, and low efficiency in the current docking of small boats. The device includes a base assembly, a rotating component, a sliding force transmission component, a tensioning mechanism, a tie rod assembly, and a mechanical locking assembly. The rotating cylinder is rotatably mounted on the base. The sliding force transmission component is slidably disposed within the rotating cylinder and connected to the mooring line via a swing arm. The tensioning mechanism drives the sliding force transmission component to slide, achieving pre-tensioning of the mooring line. The mechanical locking assembly is sleeved on the tie rod connected to the sliding core and integrates coarse and fine adjustment structures for mechanically locking the load. This invention adapts to changes in the ship's bottoming attitude through the multi-degree-of-freedom rotation of the rotating cylinder and swing arm, and achieves rapid load locking and release on the deck through the mechanical locking assembly. The entire operation requires only 1-2 people on deck and can be completed within minutes, completely eliminating underwater operations and significantly improving tethering efficiency and operational safety.

[0175] Specifically, the technical solution of this application has the following technical features:

[0176] 1. Completely eliminate the risks of underwater operations: The connection and unbinding of mooring lines, the locking and release of loads, and all operations are completed on the deck of the dock ship. Operators do not need to dive into the water, which fundamentally eliminates the safety hazards of underwater operations.

[0177] 2. Strong securing capability and excellent self-adaptability: Through the multi-degree-of-freedom rotation of the rotating drum and the swing arm, it adapts to the attitude changes of the small boat during the bottoming process, ensuring that the device is always in the best stress state and meets the securing requirements of small boats of hundreds of tons.

[0178] 3. Convenient and efficient operation: The integrated coarse and fine adjustment mechanical locking components make the mechanical locking process of the load simple, accurate and fast; combined with hydraulic drive, the operation steps of the whole device are simple, which greatly improves the work efficiency.

[0179] 4. Reusable and economical: The device is modularly designed and can be reused for a long time, avoiding the one-time drawbacks of traditional welding limiting methods and reducing the overall cost of use.

[0180] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered as one of the protection scopes of an embodiment.

Claims

1. A quick-locking device for dock ships, characterized in that, include: The base assembly (10) is mounted on the dock wall (101) of the dock ship (100); A rotating member (20) and a base assembly (10) form a rotating pair, and the rotating member (20) cannot move axially relative to the base assembly (10). After rotating, the rotating member (20) is oriented toward the tensioning direction of the mooring cable (300). A sliding pair is formed between the lower end of the sliding force transmission component (30) and the rotating member (20) along the axial direction of the rotating member (20). The upper end of the sliding force transmission component (30) is connected to the mooring cable (300). The sliding force transmission component (30) is used to pull the mooring cable (300). The tensioning mechanism (40) is drivenly connected to the sliding force transmission component (30) and is used to apply or release tension to the mooring cable (300); The tie rod assembly (50) is connected to the sliding force transmission assembly (30) and has a plurality of first positioning holes along the axial direction; A mechanical locking assembly (60) is disposed outside the pull rod assembly (50) and is used to selectively lock or release the axial position of the pull rod assembly (50); The combination of the rotating component (20) and the sliding force transmission component (30) allows the upper end of the sliding force transmission component (30) to connect to the mooring cable (300) relative to the base component (10), forming a degree of freedom of movement, rotation, and swing, which is used to adapt to the directional changes when the mooring cable (300) is pulled or released.

2. The dock ship rapid securing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating component (20) includes a rotating cylinder (21), the side wall of which is provided with an opening structure to form a sliding groove. A part of the sliding force transmission component (30) forms a slider to cooperate with the sliding groove. The other part of the sliding force transmission component (30) is connected to the slider and extends out of the sliding groove.

3. The dock ship rapid securing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding force transmission component (30) includes a sliding core (31) and a swing arm (34). One end of the swing arm (34) is hinged to the sliding core (31), and the other end is used to connect to the mooring cable (300) to realize the directional transmission of tension force.

4. A dock ship rapid securing device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the sliding core (31) is provided with at least two piston-shaped structures arranged axially at intervals, and a wear-resistant fitting part (32) is installed on the outer periphery of the piston part to form a sliding fit with the inner wall of the rotating component (20).

5. A quick-locking device for dock ships as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A support limiting structure is provided between the swing arm (34) and the rotating component (20) to provide surface contact support and limit offset during the swinging process.

6. A quick-locking device for dock ships as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tensioning mechanism (40) is a fluid-driven actuator, and its output end is directly or indirectly connected to the sliding force transmission component (30).

7. A quick-locking device for dock ships as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical locking assembly (60) includes a coarse adjustment unit and a fine adjustment unit; The coarse adjustment unit includes a jump plate (61) and a movable pin (62) for hierarchical positioning; The fine-tuning unit includes a wedge block assembly for continuous locking.

8. A quick-locking device for dock ships as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The wedge assembly includes a side wedge (63) and a middle wedge (64). The spacing is changed by the wedge surface engagement under the drive of the adjusting member to form an axial clamping of the tie rod assembly (50).

9. A quick-locking device for dock ships as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The spacing between the second positioning holes on the jump plate (61) is a non-integer multiple of the spacing between the first positioning holes, which is used to reduce the fine adjustment range and improve the success rate of hole alignment.

10. A quick-locking device for dock ships as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting guide structure, which is disposed between the base assembly (10) and the rotating member (20) to limit axial displacement and allow rotation.

11. A method for rapid securing of a dock ship, characterized in that, The quick-locking device for dock ships according to any one of claims 7-10 includes the following steps: S1. Complete the deck connection of the mooring cable (300) in the semi-submerged state of the dock ship (100); S2. Pre-tensioning is achieved by driving the sliding force transmission component (30) through the tensioning mechanism (40); S3. During the floating process of the dock ship, the direction of force is adaptively adjusted by rotating component (20) and sliding force transmission component (30); S4. The switch from drive load to mechanical load is completed by mechanical locking component (60).

12. A method for rapid securing of a dock ship as described in claim 11, characterized in that, Coarse positioning is achieved by the cooperation of the jump plate (61) with the first positioning hole, and fine locking is achieved by the wedge block group.

13. A method for rapid securing of a dock ship as described in claim 11, characterized in that, During the release process, the mechanical lock is first released, and then the tensioning mechanism (40) reverses to unload the residual load.

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