Marine Structure Load Reduction Device and Method Based on Local Energy Dissipation Layer and Eddy Shedding Control

Abstract

This invention discloses a marine structure load reduction device and method based on a local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control. The device is installed on the outer surface of the marine structure or arranged in the surrounding waters. It includes a local energy dissipation layer, an vortex shedding control component, an adaptive fixing device, and a control system. The local energy dissipation layer is segmented along the circumferential and / or height directions of the marine structure and includes porous dissipation units. Inflatable cavities are provided on the inner or back side of each porous dissipation unit, and a water-permeable regulating membrane covers the outer side of each porous dissipation unit. The vortex shedding control component includes several vortex shedding control wings, which are mounted on wing supports. The control system includes a multi-dimensional sensor unit, a controller, and an actuator. This invention can reduce wave-induced loads and vortex-induced vibrations on marine structures, improving their fatigue resistance and service reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and in particular to a device and method for reducing the load on marine structures based on local energy dissipation layers and eddy shedding control. Background Technology

[0002] Marine structures are typically situated in complex hydrodynamic environments created by waves, currents, and their coupling effects during long-term service. For typical marine structures such as monopile foundations, jacket structures, floating platforms, gravity foundations, and artificial island revetments, the continuous wave loads and flow-induced vibrations not only increase the requirements for the structure's ultimate bearing capacity but also accelerate the accumulation of fatigue damage in critical components, thereby affecting the structure's safe service life and operational reliability.

[0003] To reduce the additional loads caused by waves and ocean currents, various load reduction measures have been proposed in existing engineering projects. For example, these measures include using auxiliary components with fixed geometries, passive energy dissipation structures, or porous permeable components to alter the local flow field, attenuate incident wave energy, or reduce pressure peaks. While these solutions can achieve load reduction under certain operating conditions, they often employ fixed parameter designs and are typically optimized only for specific design sea states. When sea states change, especially under extreme conditions, their load reduction effect often decreases significantly.

[0004] To address vortex-induced vibration, existing technologies often employ passive flow control measures such as helical ribs, deflectors, and skirts. These measures primarily reduce vibration response by disrupting the flow separation process, altering vortex shedding frequency, or weakening the coherent vortex structure. However, once the geometric parameters of these devices are determined, they are typically difficult to adjust according to real-time operating conditions, have relatively limited applicable velocity and direction ranges, and lack adaptability to complex excitations under wave-current coupling.

[0005] Furthermore, while porous or permeable structures offer certain advantages in wave energy dissipation, their primary function is limited to wave attenuation and local pressure mitigation. They lack effective control over the formation location and shedding path of vortices around the flow, making it difficult to simultaneously reduce wave-induced loads and suppress vortex-induced vibrations. Although some active or semi-active control technologies can improve the local flow field, they often suffer from problems such as complex structures, high power consumption, difficult maintenance, and insufficient adaptability for long-term marine service.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a load reduction device and method that can organically combine local energy dissipation with vortex shedding control and can be coordinated and adjusted according to real-time sea conditions and structural response, so as to achieve comprehensive control of wave-induced loads and vortex-induced vibration response of marine structures, while taking into account low power consumption, fault safety and engineering application feasibility. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a marine structure load reduction device and method based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control. Through the synergistic effect of local energy dissipation and flow separation regulation, the wave-induced load and vortex-induced vibration response of marine structures are reduced, thereby improving the service reliability and fatigue life of the structure.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a marine structure load reduction device based on a local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control. The load reduction device is installed on the outer surface of the marine structure body or arranged around the marine structure body in the surrounding waters. It includes a local energy dissipation layer, vortex shedding control components, an adaptive fixing device, and a control system.

[0009] The local energy dissipation layer is arranged in segments along the circumferential and / or vertical directions of the marine structure, and includes porous dissipation units. Each porous dissipation unit has an inflatable cavity on its inner or back side, and its outer side is covered with a water-permeable regulating membrane. By adjusting the state within the inflatable cavity, the equivalent water permeability and local energy dissipation capacity of the local energy dissipation layer can be altered.

[0010] The vortex shedding control assembly includes several vortex shedding control wings, which are mounted on the wing support and are used to regulate the flow separation process around the structure and the vortex shedding position, so as to reduce the pulsating pressure and vibration response on the structure surface.

[0011] The control system includes a multi-dimensional sensor unit, a controller, and an actuator. The controller is electrically connected to the multi-dimensional sensor unit and the actuator, respectively. The actuator is connected to the inflatable cavity and the vortex shedding control wing, respectively, and is used to adjust the water permeability of the local energy dissipation layer and the attitude of the vortex shedding control wing.

[0012] Preferably, the control system is an adaptive control system, which further includes a remote communication module and an energy management unit. The remote communication module is used to realize data interaction and control command transmission with the shore-based control center or upper platform; the energy management unit is used to manage the energy acquisition, storage and distribution of the load shedding device to meet the operational requirements under long-term service conditions.

[0013] Preferably, the vortex shedding control component is fixed on the local energy dissipation layer, which is fixedly connected to the marine structure body via an adaptive fixing device, and the wing support is installed on the local energy dissipation layer. The adaptive fixing device preferably adopts a ring clamping structure, which is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder and an arc-shaped pressure plate to achieve a ring-shaped clamping installation of the marine structure body.

[0014] Preferably, the porous dissipation unit is composed of at least one of porous metallic material, foam ceramic material, or fiber-reinforced composite material, with a porosity of 10% to 50% and a thickness of 0.1 m to 0.5 m. The vortex shedding control wing is preferably made of carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material, and its outer surface is coated with a seawater corrosion resistant and scale-resistant coating to improve its durability in marine service.

[0015] Preferably, the actuator includes an air pump and an electrically controlled valve connected to the inflation chamber, and a transmission mechanism mounted on the wing support and connected to the vortex shedding control wing. The inflation chamber is divided into several independent chambers along the circumference, and each independent chamber is connected to the air pump through the electrically controlled valve. Further, the actuator also includes a first hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic cylinder, and a mounting plate. Multiple first hydraulic cylinders are disposed on the surface of the local energy dissipation layer. The mounting plate is disposed on the push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder. The mounting plate and the vortex shedding control wing are respectively provided with lugs. The second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lugs and is used to drive the vortex shedding control wing to extend, retract, or rotate to adjust its rotation amplitude and working attitude.

[0016] Preferably, the vortex shedding control wing is symmetrically arranged along the outer periphery of the marine structure, and the number is 4 to 8; the rotation angle of each vortex shedding control wing relative to the radial direction is adjustable from 0° to 45°, and the extension length is adjustable from 0.2m to 1.0m.

[0017] Preferably, the multidimensional sensor unit is installed in the wing support or local energy dissipation layer, and includes at least two of the following: flow velocity sensor, wave / pressure sensor, vibration / acceleration sensor, and structural strain sensor, for collecting sea state information and structural response information.

[0018] Preferably, the controller includes a low-level servo control module, a mid-level prediction and adaptive control module, and a high-level strategy management module. The low-level servo control module is used to realize closed-loop position control of the rotation angle and extension length of the vortex shedding control wing, as well as given tracking control of the permeability of the local energy dissipation layer; the mid-level prediction and adaptive control module is used to generate control reference values ​​based on the equivalent mechanical model and short-term wave spectrum prediction results, and to assess the risk of vortex-induced vibration using a risk assessment model, preferably a neural network model; the high-level strategy management module is used to classify the sea state according to long-term statistical sea state and real-time monitoring data, and switch between different control strategies between calm conditions, normal conditions, and storm conditions.

[0019] This invention also provides a method for reducing the load on marine structures based on local energy dissipation layers and eddy shedding control, comprising the following steps: S1. Sea state and structural response information acquisition and preprocessing: Using at least two of the following sensors installed on and around the marine structure, such as flow velocity sensors, wave / pressure sensors, vibration / acceleration sensors, and strain sensors, real-time data on flow velocity, wave height, pressure, structural vibration acceleration, or strain are acquired, and the acquired signals are preprocessed. S2. Feature extraction and operating condition identification: Perform spectrum analysis, envelope analysis or time-frequency analysis on the preprocessed signal to extract the wave main frequency, structural main frequency and vortex-induced vibration characteristic frequency, construct the vortex-induced vibration risk assessment quantity, and classify the sea state into calm operating condition, normal operating condition and storm operating condition based on this. S3. Joint determination of the permeability distribution of the local energy dissipation layer and the attitude of the vortex shedding control wing: Based on the working condition level and the vortex-induced vibration risk assessment, the prediction and adaptive control algorithm in the controller is called to calculate the target permeability distribution of each segment of the local energy dissipation layer, as well as the target rotation angle or target extension length of the vortex shedding control wing, and generate a coordinated adjustment command. S4. Perform coordinated load reduction control: control the air pump and electronic control valve to inflate and deflate the air chamber to adjust the water permeability of the local energy dissipation layer; at the same time, control the transmission mechanism in the actuator to change the rotation angle or extension length of the vortex shedding control wing, so that a local energy dissipation zone and vortex bias zone are formed around the marine structure. S5. Closed-loop feedback and safety mode switching: Continuously monitor the structural vibration and wave-induced load changes after load reduction. When a multi-dimensional sensor unit failure, communication abnormality, or insufficient energy signal from the energy management unit is detected, the control strategy is switched to safety mode, all vortex shedding control wings are returned to the neutral position, and the permeability of the local energy dissipation layer is restored to the preset safety range. At the same time, fault information is recorded and a fault alarm is issued through the remote communication module.

[0020] Preferably, the local energy dissipation layer is arranged in segments along the circumferential direction and / or height direction of the marine structure. In steps S3 and S4, different target permeability and control commands are set for different segments to adapt to the stress characteristics and load reduction requirements of different areas.

[0021] Therefore, the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned marine structure load reduction device and method based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control in this invention are as follows: (1) The present invention forms a local energy dissipation zone and a vortex offset zone around the marine structure through the coordinated design of the local energy dissipation layer and the vortex shedding control component. On the one hand, it weakens the incident wave energy and the additional load of the wave, and on the other hand, it controls the flow separation process and guides the vortex shedding position to deviate from the structure body, thereby achieving comprehensive load reduction on the additional load of the wave and the vortex-induced vibration.

[0022] (2) The local energy dissipation layer is composed of porous dissipation units, water-permeable regulating membranes and air-filled cavities. By adjusting different sections, the water permeability distribution can be changed according to real-time sea conditions and structural response. Compared with traditional energy dissipation structures with fixed parameters, it has better adaptability to working conditions.

[0023] (3) The vortex shedding control wing has both rotation and extension adjustment capabilities. When the risk of vortex-induced vibration is high, it can be deployed to form an effective vortex offset zone. Under calm or energy-saving conditions, it can be recovered to a smaller resistance attitude, thus taking into account both load reduction effect and system energy consumption.

[0024] (4) The present invention is equipped with a multi-dimensional sensor unit, a hierarchical controller and a safety mode switching mechanism. In the event of sensor abnormality, communication failure or insufficient energy, it can still return to the preset safety state, which has good robustness and engineering applicability.

[0025] (5) This invention can be externally mounted on the outside of existing marine structures using an adaptable fixing device, requiring minimal modification to the original main structure. It is convenient for construction, maintenance, and in-service retrofitting, and has good prospects for widespread application. The technical solution of this invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the marine structure load reduction device based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control of the present invention when applied to a pile foundation structure. Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view of the driving structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing device adapted to this invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the local energy dissipation layer of this invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the control system of the present invention; Figure 8 A graph showing the comparison of wave load before and after the implementation of this invention; Figure 9 This is a graph comparing the structural vibration response before and after the implementation of the present invention.

[0027] Figure Labels 1. Local energy dissipation layer; 11. Air pump; 12. Porous dissipation unit; 13. Airbag; 14. Pressure sensor; 2. Wing support; 21. Vortex shedding control wing; 22. Mounting plate; 23. Lug; 24. Second hydraulic cylinder; 25. First hydraulic cylinder; 26. Multidimensional sensor unit; 3. Adaptive fixing device; 31. Hydraulic cylinder; 32. Arc-shaped pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0030] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a marine structure load reduction device based on a local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control, which is installed on the outer surface of the marine structure body. The load reduction device mainly includes a local energy dissipation layer 1, a wing support 2 disposed on the local energy dissipation layer 1, a vortex shedding control wing 21 installed on the wing support 2, an adaptive fixing device 3 for fixing the device to the marine structure body, and a control system that cooperates with the above components.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the local energy dissipation layer 1 is arranged in segments along the circumferential and / or height directions of the marine structure, preferably in segments along the circumferential direction, and includes porous dissipation units 12. An inflatable cavity and an airbag 13 are provided on the inner or back side of the porous dissipation unit 12, and the outer side of the airbag is covered with a water-permeable regulating membrane. A pressure sensor 14 is disposed within the local energy dissipation layer 1 to detect the pressure state of the inflatable cavity. Under the action of waves and ocean currents, the local energy dissipation layer 1 can generate frictional dissipation and local turbulent dissipation through its porous structure to reduce the additional wave load. By adjusting the pressure state within the airbag 13, the water permeability and local energy dissipation capacity of the local energy dissipation layer 1 can be further adjusted.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, several vortex shedding control wings 21 are mounted on the wing support 2. Multiple first hydraulic cylinders 25 are disposed on the surface of the local energy dissipation layer 1, and mounting plates 22 are provided on the push rods of the first hydraulic cylinders 25; lugs 23 are provided on the mounting plates 22 and the vortex shedding control wings 21 along the length or height direction, and second hydraulic cylinders 24 are hinged to the lugs 23 for telescoping or extending to adjust the rotation amplitude and working attitude of the vortex shedding control wings 21.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the vortex shedding control wings 21 are symmetrically arranged along the outer periphery of the marine structure body, preferably 4 to 8 in number. The rotation angle of each vortex shedding control wing 21 relative to the radial direction can be adjusted from 0° to 45°, and the extension length can be adjusted from 0.2m to 1.0m.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the adaptation and fixing device 3 adopts a ring clamping structure. The adaptation and fixing device 3 is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 31, and an arc-shaped pressure plate 32 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 31. By driving the arc-shaped pressure plate 32 through the hydraulic cylinder 31 to perform ring clamping on the body of the marine structure, the local energy dissipation layer 1 and the vortex shedding control component can be stably installed on the outside of the body of the marine structure.

[0035] The multi-dimensional sensor unit 26 is installed in the wing support 2 or the local energy dissipation layer 1 to collect sea state information and structural response information. The control system includes the multi-dimensional sensor unit 26, a controller, and an actuator; wherein, the inflatable cavity is preferably an airbag 13, the controller is electrically connected to the multi-dimensional sensor unit 26 and the actuator, and the actuator is connected to the inflatable cavity (airbag 13) and the vortex shedding control wing 21 respectively.

[0036] The control system is an adaptive control system, which also includes a remote communication module and an energy management unit. After receiving data collected by the multi-dimensional sensor unit 26, the controller analyzes the current sea state and structural response, and controls the air pump 11 and the electronically controlled valve to adjust the inflation and deflation of the airbag 13. At the same time, it controls the first hydraulic cylinder 25 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 to adjust the attitude of the vortex shedding control wing 21, thereby achieving coordinated load reduction control between the local energy dissipation layer 1 and the vortex shedding control wing 21.

[0037] During operation, when waves and currents act on the outer side of the marine structure, water enters the porous dissipation unit 12, generating frictional losses and turbulent dissipation, thereby weakening the incident wave energy. By controlling the air pump 11 and the electronically controlled valve to inflate and deflate the airbag 13, the permeability of the local energy dissipation layer 1 can be adjusted. At the same time, through the transmission adjustment structure composed of the first hydraulic cylinder 25, the mounting plate 22, the lug 23, and the second hydraulic cylinder 24, the rotation angle and extension length of the vortex shedding control wing 21 can be changed, creating a local energy dissipation zone and vortex offset zone around the marine structure, thereby reducing the additional wave load and suppressing vortex-induced vibration.

[0038] When the multidimensional sensor unit 26 detects an increase in the risk of vortex-induced vibration, the control system controls the vortex shedding control wing 21 to deploy and adjust to the target attitude; when the sea state is relatively calm or the system enters the energy-saving mode, the control system can control the vortex shedding control wing 21 to return to the neutral position and restore the local energy dissipation layer 1 to the preset safe permeability range.

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, the load reduction method using the above-mentioned marine structure load reduction device includes the following steps: S1. Sea state and structural response information acquisition and preprocessing: Using at least two of the following sensors installed on and around the marine structure: flow velocity, wave height, pressure, structural vibration acceleration or strain data are acquired in real time, and the acquired signals are preprocessed by noise reduction, filtering and normalization. S2. Feature Extraction and Operating Condition Identification: Perform spectrum analysis, envelope analysis or time-frequency analysis on the preprocessed signal to extract feature quantities such as wave main frequency, structural main frequency and vortex-induced vibration characteristic frequency, construct vortex-induced vibration risk assessment quantity, and classify sea state into different levels such as calm operating condition, normal operating condition and storm operating condition. S3. Joint determination of the permeability distribution of the local energy dissipation layer and the attitude of the vortex shedding control wing: Based on the working condition level and the vortex-induced vibration risk assessment, the predictive and adaptive control algorithms in the controller are called to calculate the target permeability distribution of each segment of the local energy dissipation layer and the target rotation angle or target extension length of the vortex shedding control wing, and generate control commands for coordinating the adjustment of the local energy dissipation layer and the vortex shedding control wing. S4. Perform coordinated load reduction control: The airbag 13 is inflated and deflated by the air pump 11 and the electronic control valve in the actuator to adjust the water permeability of the local energy dissipation layer 1; at the same time, the rotation angle or extension length of the vortex shedding control wing 21 is adjusted by the transmission mechanism in the actuator to form a local energy dissipation zone and vortex offset zone around the marine structure body, so as to achieve coordinated control of wave-induced load and vortex-induced vibration.

[0040] S5. Closed-loop feedback and safety mode switching: Continuously monitor the structural vibration and wave-induced load changes after load reduction. When a fault is detected in the multi-dimensional sensor unit 26, communication abnormality, or insufficient energy signal given by the energy management unit, the control strategy is switched to safety mode, all vortex shedding control wings 21 are controlled to return to the neutral position, and the permeability of the local energy dissipation layer 1 is restored to the preset safety range. At the same time, fault information is recorded and a fault alarm is issued through the remote communication module.

[0041] By repeatedly executing the above steps, continuous load reduction and vibration control of the marine structure can be achieved.

[0042] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, under typical design sea conditions, there are significant differences in the wave-induced additional loads and structural vibration responses of the marine structure before and after the implementation of this technical solution. Figure 8 The vertical axis represents the additional wave load or its normalized value, and the horizontal axis represents time. Curve 41 is the additional wave load curve before unloading, and curve 42 is the additional wave load curve after using the unloading device of this embodiment. Figure 9 The vertical axis represents the amplitude of the structural vibration response, and the horizontal axis represents the frequency. Curve 43 is the structural vibration response curve before load reduction, and curve 44 is the structural vibration response curve after load reduction. As can be seen from the figure, after using the local energy dissipation layer 1 and the vortex shedding control wing 21 in this embodiment for coordinated control, both the peak value of the wave-induced additional load and the amplitude of the structural vibration response are reduced.

[0043] Example 2: In this embodiment, the main body of the marine structure is a jacket structure or a floating platform structure. In the jacket structure, local energy dissipation layers 1 can be set in sections along the outer sides of multiple columns and diagonal braces on the outer perimeter of the jacket, and vortex shedding control wings 21 can be set in front of key components on the flow-facing side of the jacket to alleviate fatigue damage at local high-stress nodes.

[0044] In a floating platform, the local energy dissipation layer 1 can be arranged on the periphery of the floating body or in the skirt area near the waterline, and the vortex shedding control wing 21 can be arranged in layers along the side wall of the platform to coordinate with the changes in platform attitude and mooring system tension, so as to reduce platform motion response and mooring fatigue.

[0045] The above embodiments mainly focus on adapting and optimizing the load reduction device for different types of marine structures. In specific engineering applications, the material of the porous dissipation unit 12, the shape of the vortex shedding control wing 21, and the configuration scheme of the multi-dimensional sensor unit 26 can also be adjusted according to the structural dimensions, dominant loads, and construction conditions.

[0046] Therefore, the above-mentioned marine structure load reduction device and method based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control can reduce wave-induced load and vortex-induced vibration in a wide range of sea states, thereby improving the fatigue resistance and service reliability of marine structures.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine structure load reduction device based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control, installed on the outer surface of the marine structure or arranged in the surrounding waters of the marine structure, characterized in that: This includes a local energy dissipation layer, vortex shedding control components, adaptive fixing devices, and a control system. The local energy dissipation layer is arranged in segments along the circumferential and / or height directions of the marine structure body, including porous dissipation units. An air-filled cavity is provided on the inner or back side of the porous dissipation unit, and a water-permeable regulating membrane is covered on the outer side of the porous dissipation unit. The vortex shedding control assembly includes several vortex shedding control wings, which are mounted on a wing body support. The control system includes a multi-dimensional sensor unit, a controller, and an actuator; the controller is electrically connected to the multi-dimensional sensor unit and the actuator, and the actuator is connected to the inflatable cavity and the vortex shedding control wing respectively, for adjusting the water permeability of the local energy dissipation layer and the attitude of the vortex shedding control wing; The actuator includes an air pump and an electrically controlled valve connected to the inflation chamber, and a transmission mechanism mounted on the wing support and connected to the vortex shedding control wing. The inflation chamber is divided into several independent chambers along the circumferential direction, and each independent chamber is connected to the air pump through the electrically controlled valve. The transmission mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic cylinder, and a mounting plate. The first hydraulic cylinder is disposed on the surface of the local energy dissipation layer, and the mounting plate is disposed on the push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder. The mounting plate and the vortex shedding control wing are provided with lugs along the length or height direction. The second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lugs and is used to drive the vortex shedding control wing to extend, retract, or rotate to adjust its rotation amplitude.

2. The marine structure load reduction device based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system is an adaptive control system, and the adaptive control system further includes: The remote communication module is used for data and command exchange with the shore-based control center or the upper-level platform; The energy management unit is used to manage the energy harvesting, storage, and distribution of the entire load shedding system.

3. The marine structure load reduction device based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex shedding control component is fixed on the local energy dissipation layer, which is fixedly connected to the marine structure body through an adaptation and fixing device. The wing support is installed on the local energy dissipation layer. The adaptation and fixing device adopts a ring clamping structure and is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is equipped with an arc-shaped pressure plate for ring clamping the marine structure body.

4. The marine structure load reduction device based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous dissipation unit is composed of at least one of porous metal material, foam ceramic material or fiber reinforced composite material, and the porosity of the porous dissipation unit is 10%-50% and the thickness is 0.1m-0.5m; the wing body of the vortex shedding control wing is made of carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material, and its outer surface is provided with a seawater corrosion resistant and scale resistant coating.

5. The marine structure load reduction device based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex shedding control wing is symmetrically arranged along the outer periphery of the marine structure, with a quantity of 4-8 pieces; the adjustment range of the rotation angle of each vortex shedding control wing relative to the radial direction is 0°-45°, and the adjustment range of the extension length is 0.2m-1.0m.

6. The marine structure load reduction device based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multidimensional sensor unit is installed in the wing support or the local energy dissipation layer, and includes at least two of the following: flow velocity sensor, wave / pressure sensor, vibration / acceleration sensor, and structural strain sensor.

7. The marine structure load reduction device based on local energy dissipation layer and vortex shedding control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller includes: The low-level servo control module is used to realize closed-loop position control of the rotation angle and extension length of the vortex shedding control wing, as well as given tracking control of the permeability of the local energy dissipation layer. The mid-level prediction and adaptive control module is used to generate control reference values ​​based on the equivalent mechanical model and short-term wave spectrum prediction results, and to estimate the risk of vortex-induced vibration using a risk assessment model. The high-level strategy management module is used to classify sea conditions based on long-term statistical sea conditions and real-time monitoring data, and switch between different control strategies between calm, normal and storm conditions.

8. A method for reducing the load on marine structures based on local energy dissipation layers and eddy shedding control, applied to the marine structure load reduction device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Sea state and structural response information acquisition and preprocessing: Using at least two of the following sensors installed on and around the marine structure, such as flow velocity sensors, wave / pressure sensors, vibration / acceleration sensors, and strain sensors, real-time data on flow velocity, wave height, pressure, structural vibration acceleration, or strain are acquired, and the acquired signals are preprocessed. S2. Feature extraction and operating condition identification: Perform spectrum analysis, envelope analysis or time-frequency analysis on the preprocessed signal to extract the wave main frequency, structural main frequency and vortex-induced vibration characteristic frequency, construct the vortex-induced vibration risk assessment quantity, and classify the sea state into calm operating condition, normal operating condition and storm operating condition based on this. S3. Joint determination of the permeability distribution of the local energy dissipation layer and the attitude of the vortex shedding control wing: Based on the working condition level and the vortex-induced vibration risk assessment, the predictive and adaptive control algorithms in the controller are called to calculate the target permeability distribution of each segment of the local energy dissipation layer and the target rotation angle or target extension length of the vortex shedding control wing, and generate control commands for coordinating the adjustment of the local energy dissipation layer and the vortex shedding control wing. S4. Perform coordinated load reduction control: control the working status of the air pump and the electric control valve to inflate and deflate the air chamber and adjust the water permeability of the local energy dissipation layer; at the same time, control the transmission mechanism in the actuator to change the rotation angle or extension length of the vortex shedding control wing, so that a local energy dissipation zone and vortex offset zone are formed around the marine structure. S5. Closed-loop feedback and safety mode switching: Continuously monitor the structural vibration and wave-induced load changes after load reduction. When a multi-dimensional sensor unit failure, communication abnormality, or insufficient energy signal from the energy management unit is detected, the control strategy is switched to safety mode, all vortex shedding control wings are returned to the neutral position, and the permeability of the local energy dissipation layer is restored to the preset safety range. At the same time, fault information is recorded and a fault alarm is issued through the remote communication module.

9. The method for reducing the load on marine structures based on local energy dissipation layer and eddy shedding control according to claim 8, characterized in that: The local energy dissipation layer is arranged in segments along the circumferential and / or height directions of the marine structure. In S3 and S4, different target permeability and control commands are set for different segments of the local energy dissipation layer.

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