A mine shaft real-time wireless communication system

Abstract

The application discloses a mine shaft real-time wireless communication system, belonging to the field of wireless communication technology, comprising a distributed wireless communication node set, a sparse observation node set, an interference reference collection node and a controller; the distributed wireless communication node set is arranged along the depth direction of the shaft to form a multi-hop wireless communication network and bear communication services including at least alarm services; by arranging the sparse observation node set in the shaft and introducing a structural electromagnetic interference reference sequence output by the interference reference collection node, the controller can construct a shaft propagation parameter field varying with depth and continuously update, so that key propagation characteristics such as propagation attenuation, time delay expansion and interference intensity have quantifiable, alignable and reproducible expression forms, thereby compared with a scheme only relying on fixed configuration or single-point empirical measurement, the differentiated propagation environment of the shaft along the depth direction can be more accurately reflected and the effectiveness of environment modeling can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts. Background Technology

[0002] Mine shafts are typical enclosed deep spaces, with the shaft forming a long, narrow passage along the depth direction. Inside, hoisting wire ropes, guide beams and rails, metal ladders and support components are generally arranged, along with high-power equipment such as power cables, frequency converters, and electromagnetic brakes that operate continuously.

[0003] Under the superposition of this structure and operating conditions, radio wave propagation is easily affected by multipath fading caused by strong reflection and scattering, local deep fading caused by metal component obstruction, and structural electromagnetic interference caused by the start-up and shutdown of power electronic equipment. Moreover, the above effects have obvious depth correlation and time-varying characteristics. For example, the attenuation, delay spread and interference intensity of the same frequency band differ significantly at different depths, and abrupt changes can occur in a short time when the lifting system starts up, brakes or experiences load changes. Existing vertical shaft wireless communication often adopts pre-planned relay deployment and fixed link parameter configuration, or only performs adaptive adjustment based on simple indicators such as single-point RSSI. Such schemes usually lack the ability to structurally characterize the "propagation conditions that vary along the depth" and lack the constraint introduction mechanism for observable references of electromagnetic interference, which leads to control strategies often being based on unstable or unverifiable propagation assumptions.

[0004] Once the propagation environment changes beyond the preset range, the system will find it difficult to determine in a timely manner whether the current propagation parameters and control strategies are still reliable. Furthermore, it will be difficult to quickly obtain feasible combinations of power, frequency band, modulation and coding, precoding, path, and scheduling parameters under the constraints of the upper bound of end-to-end latency and the lower bound of arrival reliability required for alarm services. This may lead to problems such as increased end-to-end latency of alarm services, uncontrollable repeated transmissions, key time slots being occupied by non-critical services, and untraceable and unrollable policy adjustment processes.

[0005] Therefore, the current technology urgently needs to address how to construct a verifiable propagation description and determine its reliability under limited observation conditions in environments such as mine shafts where propagation and interference vary significantly with depth and operating conditions. This would enable the generation and distribution of executable transmission control strategies under end-to-end latency and arrival reliability constraints for alarm services when the propagation is reliable, and the automatic switching to a degradation strategy with hard isolation guarantees when the propagation is unreliable. Furthermore, versioning and rollback of the propagation description and strategy selection process should be implemented to ensure deterministic communication of alarm services under all operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts includes: a distributed wireless communication node set, a sparse observation node set, an interference reference acquisition node, and a controller; The distributed wireless communication node set is deployed along the depth direction of the shaft to form a multi-hop wireless communication network and carry communication services including at least alarm services. The sparse observation node set is used to output observations characterizing the wireless propagation environment of the shaft; The interference reference acquisition node is used to output a reference sequence of structural electromagnetic interference; The controller is communicatively connected to the distributed wireless communication node set, the sparse observation node set, and the interference reference acquisition node. The controller includes a propagation parameter field construction unit, a confidence evaluation unit, a constraint solving unit, a degradation protection unit, and a graph management unit. The propagation parameter field construction unit is used to construct a shaft propagation parameter field that varies with depth based on the observations and the reference sequence, and provide it to the confidence assessment unit and the constraint solving unit; The confidence assessment unit is used to output a confidence index based on the vertical shaft propagation parameter field; The constraint solving unit is used to solve and send a set of transmission control quantities to the distributed wireless communication node set under the constraints of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay of the alarm service and the lower bound of the arrival reliability when the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition. The set of transmission control parameters includes at least one or more of the following: power allocation parameters, frequency band selection parameters, modulation and coding parameters, precoding parameters, and path and scheduling parameters. The degradation control set includes at least alarm resource reservation parameters, non-critical service degradation parameters, and backup modulation and coding configuration parameters. The graph management unit is used to version-store the vertical shaft propagation parameter field to form a vertical shaft propagation graph, so that the alarm service data carries the graph version identifier to support the traceability and rollback of communication strategies. Furthermore, the propagation parameter field construction unit includes a piecewise inversion subunit and a reference constraint subunit. The piecewise inversion subunit is used to divide the observation into multiple depth segments according to the shaft depth and generate propagation parameter vectors for each depth segment. The reference constraint subunit is used to introduce the reference sequence output by the interference reference acquisition node into the propagation parameter vector generation process of each depth segment, so as to form a predicted observation containing the interference term and calculate the innovation residual accordingly. The confidence assessment unit is used to output the confidence index based on the normalization result of the innovation residual, and the preset threshold condition is adaptively adjusted according to the upper bound of the end-to-end latency and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service, so that the preset threshold condition is increased accordingly when the upper bound of the end-to-end latency is smaller and the lower bound of the arrival reliability is larger.

[0007] Furthermore, the constraint solving unit includes a precoding generation subunit and a focused evaluation subunit; The precoding generation subunit is used to extract the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence corresponding to the depth segment where the alarm service target receiving node is located from the shaft propagation parameter field, generate a conjugate time inversion transmission filter sequence based on the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence, and send the transmission filter sequence as part of the precoding parameters to the distributed wireless communication node set. Wherein, the alarm service target receiving node is a node in the distributed wireless communication node cluster used to receive alarm service data; The equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence is obtained by the detection sequence sent by the distributed wireless communication node set and acquired by the sparse observation node set, and the detection sequence is generated and sent by the controller. The focusing evaluation subunit is used to calculate the focusing evaluation index K based on the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence. The index K is centered on the sampling point number k0 corresponding to the focusing peak. The peak evaluation window W1 is Δk1 sampling points before k0 to Δk1 sampling points after k0. The sidelobe evaluation window W2 is Δk2 sampling points before k0 to Δk2 sampling points after k0 and does not include the peak evaluation window W1. The noise evaluation window Wn is Δkn sampling points corresponding to the guard interval of the detection sequence. The focusing evaluation index K is defined as the ratio of the sum of energy in the main peak evaluation window W1 to the sum of energy in the side lobe evaluation window W2 and the sum of energy in the noise evaluation window Wn; The constraint solving unit is used to output the precoding parameters when the focus evaluation index K is not less than the preset focus threshold Kth, and to satisfy the constraint conditions of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service when the precoding parameters are output.

[0008] Furthermore, the constraint solving unit includes a time delay budget decomposition subunit and a reliability mapping subunit; The delay budget decomposition subunit is used to determine the number of forwarding path hops H of the alarm service based on the silo propagation parameter field, and decompose the end-to-end delay upper bound of the alarm service into H hop-by-hop delay budgets, so that the sum of each hop-by-hop delay budget is not greater than the end-to-end delay upper bound, and is used to generate the time slot scheduling parameters to reserve a dedicated forwarding time slot for the alarm service in each hop that matches the corresponding hop-by-hop delay budget; The reliability mapping subunit is used to determine the end-to-end predicted packet error rate of the alarm service based on the shaft propagation parameter field, and to determine the modulation and coding parameters and the number of repeated transmissions N1 based on the end-to-end predicted packet error rate, so that the arrival reliability of the alarm service is not less than the lower bound of the arrival reliability. Furthermore, the constraint solving unit is used to send the modulation and coding parameters, the number of repeated transmissions N1, and the time slot scheduling parameters together as part of the transmission control quantity set to the distributed wireless communication node set.

[0009] Furthermore, the graph management unit includes a stability determination subunit, a version submission subunit, and a version rollback subunit; The stability determination subunit is used to continuously monitor the confidence index and output a stable state when the confidence index continuously meets the preset threshold condition for no less than a preset number of times N2 and the change in its two adjacent monitoring values ​​does not exceed the preset change threshold. The version submission subunit is used to write the current shaft propagation parameter field into the shaft propagation map and generate a new map version identifier when outputting the stable state, and at the same time set the new map version identifier as the effective version identifier. The version rollback subunit is used to switch the effective version identifier of the shaft propagation map to the previous map version identifier and trigger the degradation protection unit to issue a set of degradation control quantities when the confidence index fails to meet the preset threshold condition for no less than a preset number of consecutive times M or the change in two adjacent monitoring values ​​exceeds the preset change threshold. The constraint solving unit is used to update the transmission control quantity set based on the silo propagation parameter field corresponding to the effective version identifier when the effective version identifier is switched, so that the end-to-end delay upper bound and arrival reliability lower bound constraints of the alarm service are continuously satisfied during the graph version switch.

[0010] Furthermore, the degradation protection unit includes a minimum configuration generation subunit and an alarm hard isolation subunit; The guaranteed configuration generation subunit is used to generate guaranteed modulation and coding configuration parameters when the degradation control set is triggered. The guaranteed modulation and coding configuration parameters are used to limit the modulation order of the alarm service to no higher than a preset order threshold and limit the channel coding code rate of the alarm service to no higher than a preset code rate threshold, and to set the interleaving depth of the alarm service to no less than a preset interleaving threshold. The alarm hard isolation subunit is used to lock the dedicated forwarding time slot of the alarm service and prohibit non-critical services from occupying the dedicated forwarding time slot when the degradation control set is issued. At the same time, it limits the allowed transmission bandwidth of non-critical services to no more than a preset bandwidth threshold to suppress queuing interference to the alarm service. Furthermore, the constraint solving unit is used to maintain the number of forwarding path hops of the alarm service not exceeding the upper limit of the number of hops determined by the delay budget decomposition subunit during the period when the degradation control quantity set is in effect, so that the end-to-end delay upper limit constraint of the alarm service is continuously satisfied.

[0011] Furthermore, the controller includes a consistency verification subunit and a closed-loop re-solution subunit; The consistency verification subunit is used to perform consistency verification on the shaft propagation parameter field based on the observations output by the sparse observation node set and the reference sequence output by the interference reference acquisition node after the transmission control quantity set or the degradation control quantity set is issued. The consistency verification includes at least determining the difference between the measured value of the observation and the predicted value calculated by the shaft propagation parameter field corresponding to the current effective map version identifier, and outputting the consistency status. The closed-loop re-solution subunit is used to trigger the graph management unit to perform version rollback and trigger the degradation protection unit to maintain the minimum modulation and coding configuration parameters of the alarm service and lock the alarm-dedicated forwarding time slot when the consistency state is characterized as inconsistent. At the same time, it triggers the propagation parameter field construction unit to increase the observation acquisition frequency and update the silo propagation parameter field. After the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition again, it triggers the constraint solving unit to re-solve based on the updated silo propagation parameter field and issue the transmission control quantity set.

[0012] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting up a sparse set of observation nodes within the shaft and introducing a structural electromagnetic interference reference sequence output by the interference reference acquisition node, the controller can construct and continuously update a shaft propagation parameter field that varies with depth. This enables key propagation characteristics such as propagation attenuation, time delay spread, and interference intensity to have quantifiable, alignable, and reproducible expressions. Compared to schemes that rely solely on fixed configurations or single-point empirical measurements, this approach can more accurately reflect the differentiated propagation environment along the depth direction of the shaft and improve the effectiveness of environmental modeling.

[0013] By outputting a confidence index based on the propagation parameter field and setting threshold conditions that are linked to the upper bound of the end-to-end latency and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service, the system can determine the credibility of the propagation parameter field online. When the propagation environment changes abruptly or interference increases, it can promptly identify the risk of model mismatch and avoid continuing to perform conventional adaptive operation under unreliable propagation assumptions. This reduces the probability of alarm service latency loss of control or reliability degradation and improves the determinism and security of critical service transmission.

[0014] When the confidence level meets the threshold condition, the controller can solve and issue a set of transmission control quantities under the constraints of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service. This enables parameters such as power allocation, frequency band selection, modulation and coding, precoding, path and scheduling to form a consistent and coordinated configuration, reducing the mutual constraints and unpredictable fluctuations caused by the scattered adjustment of parameters in traditional schemes. As a result, it can obtain more stable end-to-end delay control capability and higher alarm arrival reliability in silo multi-hop networks.

[0015] When the confidence level does not meet the threshold condition, the system automatically issues a set of degradation control variables and executes alarm resource reservation, non-critical service degradation and backup modulation and coding configuration parameters. This enables hard isolation forwarding and backup link configuration of alarm services, so that the basic availability and latency upper limit constraints of alarm services can still be maintained in the event of deterioration of propagation conditions or sudden interference, and the impact of non-critical service queuing interference on alarm services can be significantly reduced.

[0016] By storing the vertical shaft propagation parameter field in a versioned manner to form a vertical shaft propagation map and making the alarm service data carry the map version identifier, the system can realize the traceability and rollback of communication strategies. When the propagation environment is stable, a new version is submitted, and when it is unstable or inconsistent, it rolls back to the previous version and triggers degradation protection, thereby avoiding frequent strategy jitter and providing verifiable evidence for accident review, responsibility definition and parameter reuse.

[0017] Through consistency verification and closed-loop re-solution mechanism, the system can continuously verify the interpretability of the propagation parameter field to the observation after the control quantity is issued. When inconsistency occurs, it automatically triggers rollback, maintains the baseline, and increases the frequency of observation acquisition to update the propagation parameter field. After the confidence is restored, it is re-solved and the normal control strategy is restored, thus forming a self-recovering closed loop and improving the continuity and stability of vertical shaft wireless communication under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process for constructing and evaluating the vertical shaft propagation parameter field according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical shaft propagation map version management and closed-loop rollback re-solution mechanism of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-3 This invention provides a technical solution: a real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts, such as... Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes: a distributed wireless communication node set, a sparse observation node set, an interference reference acquisition node, and a controller; The distributed wireless communication node set is deployed along the depth direction of the shaft to form a multi-hop wireless communication network and carry communication services including at least alarm services. The sparse observation node set is used to output observations characterizing the wireless propagation environment of the shaft; The interference reference acquisition node is used to output a reference sequence of structural electromagnetic interference; The controller is communicatively connected to the distributed wireless communication node set, the sparse observation node set, and the interference reference acquisition node. The controller includes a propagation parameter field construction unit, a confidence evaluation unit, a constraint solving unit, a degradation protection unit, and a graph management unit. The propagation parameter field construction unit is used to construct a shaft propagation parameter field that varies with depth based on the observations and the reference sequence, and provide it to the confidence assessment unit and the constraint solving unit; The confidence assessment unit is used to output a confidence index based on the vertical shaft propagation parameter field; The constraint solving unit is used to solve and send a set of transmission control quantities to the distributed wireless communication node set under the constraints of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay of the alarm service and the lower bound of the arrival reliability when the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition. The set of transmission control parameters includes at least one or more of the following: power allocation parameters, frequency band selection parameters, modulation and coding parameters, precoding parameters, and path and scheduling parameters. The degradation control set includes at least alarm resource reservation parameters, non-critical service degradation parameters, and backup modulation and coding configuration parameters. The graph management unit is used to version-store the vertical shaft propagation parameter field to form a vertical shaft propagation graph, so that the alarm service data carries the graph version identifier to support the traceability and rollback of communication strategies. In this embodiment: Distributed wireless communication nodes are deployed every 30m to 80m along the shaft depth direction and have node identifiers and installation depths written in them, enabling the nodes to forward according to the path and scheduling parameters issued by the controller in the multi-hop network; Sparse observation nodes are deployed every 100m to 200m along the shaft depth direction and have observation node identifiers and installation depths written in them; Interference reference acquisition nodes are set near the power supply circuit of the hoist frequency converter, electromagnetic brake, or the parallel coupling area of ​​power cable and communication cable, and collect structural electromagnetic interference reference sequences through current transformers, magnetic field sensors, or voltage sampling circuits, and report them to the controller after being timestamped for alignment with the observations.

[0023] To avoid the propagation parameter field becoming a black box, the controller performs propagation environment detection and parameter field updates in a detection update cycle, which is the time interval between two adjacent detection updates, in seconds. Within each detection update cycle, the controller generates and distributes a detection sequence and a detection schedule table. Distributed wireless communication nodes transmit or listen to the detection sequence in predetermined time slots according to the detection schedule table. Sparse observation nodes collect and report observations in their corresponding time slots. Interference reference acquisition nodes output and report reference sequences within the same detection update cycle. The detection sequence is a pseudo-random binary sequence or an m-sequence, with a length ranging from 63 to 2047. The rate is between 50 kcps and 500 kcps. A guard interval is set after the detection sequence. The guard interval is used to collect noise and interference power when there is no effective transmission. The observations include at least one or more of the received signal strength indication and the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence obtained by correlation or matched filtering of the detection sequence, and may further include noise power estimates or equivalent interference strength estimates within the guard interval. Each observation record includes at least the detection update cycle number, the identifiers and depth information of the transmitting and receiving nodes, the identifiers and depth information of the observation nodes, the observations, and the timestamps or index information required for alignment with the reference sequence.

[0024] The propagation parameter field construction unit constructs a depth-varying shaft propagation parameter field based on observations and reference sequences, and provides it to the confidence assessment unit and constraint solution unit. Specifically, the shaft depth is divided into multiple depth segments with a segment thickness ranging from 20m to 100m, and a propagation parameter vector is generated for each depth segment; the propagation parameter vector includes at least the equivalent attenuation parameter, the equivalent time delay spread parameter, and the equivalent interference parameter. The equivalent attenuation parameter is obtained by statistically analyzing the difference between the transmit and receive power of multiple observation records within the same depth segment, and anomalies are suppressed using the median or truncated mean. The equivalent time delay spread parameter is obtained by the main peak position and energy spread of the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence. The energy spread can be determined by the boundary spacing or root mean square time delay spread when the normalized energy accumulation reaches a preset proportion. The equivalent interference parameter is jointly determined by the correlation between the noise power estimate or the equivalent interference intensity estimate within the guard interval and the reference sequence. The controller calculates the correlation between the interference segment within the guard interval and the reference sequence and compares it with the correlation threshold. When the correlation exceeds the correlation threshold, the structural interference intensity is written into the equivalent interference parameter. When the correlation does not exceed the correlation threshold, the background noise is written into the equivalent interference parameter, thereby obtaining the shaft propagation parameter field that varies with depth.

[0025] The confidence assessment unit outputs a confidence index based on the shaft propagation parameter field and uses it to determine whether a preset threshold condition is met. In implementation, the controller generates predicted values ​​from the observations of the current detection update cycle based on the shaft propagation parameter field and forms residuals with the measured values. The residuals are normalized according to a statistical scale to obtain a normalized residual vector, and the confidence index is calculated based on this vector, causing the confidence index to decrease monotonically as the normalized residual increases. The confidence threshold is set in conjunction with the upper bound of the end-to-end latency and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service, so that the confidence threshold increases accordingly when the upper bound of the end-to-end latency is smaller and the lower bound of the arrival reliability is larger.

[0026] When the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition, the constraint solving unit solves and sends the transmission control quantity set to the distributed wireless communication node set under the constraints of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay of the alarm service and the lower bound of the arrival reliability. The transmission control quantity set includes at least one or more of the following: power allocation parameters, frequency band selection parameters, modulation and coding parameters, precoding parameters, and path and scheduling parameters. To ensure feasibility, the constraint solving unit adopts a discrete candidate search method. The controller presets candidate sets for power, frequency band, modulation and coding, as well as path and scheduling, and estimates link quality based on the silo propagation parameter field. The link quality and modulation and coding combination are mapped to the predicted packet error rate through a pre-stored performance table. The end-to-end delay is determined by the number of hops, the scheduling slot position, and the buffer forwarding delay. The end-to-end reliability is determined by the predicted packet error rate and the retransmission strategy. The controller traverses the candidates and selects those that simultaneously satisfy the condition that the end-to-end delay is not greater than the upper bound of the end-to-end delay and the end-to-end reliability is not less than the lower bound of the arrival reliability. From these, candidates with lower resource consumption or lower energy consumption are selected as the transmission control quantity set and issued. The distributed wireless communication nodes update the transmit power, frequency band, modulation and coding, precoding parameters, and routing and scheduling tables accordingly and the changes take effect.

[0027] When the confidence index does not meet the preset threshold condition, the degradation protection unit sends a set of degradation control quantities to the distributed wireless communication node set. The set of degradation control quantities includes at least alarm resource reservation parameters, non-critical service degradation parameters, and backup modulation and coding configuration parameters. The alarm resource reservation parameters are used to lock the dedicated forwarding time slot for alarm services to ensure forwarding opportunities per hop. The non-critical service degradation parameters are used to limit the allowed transmission bandwidth of non-critical services and prohibit them from occupying the dedicated forwarding time slot for alarms. The backup modulation and coding configuration parameters are used to limit the modulation order of alarm services to no higher than the preset order threshold and limit the channel coding code rate to no higher than the preset code rate threshold. An interleaving depth of no less than the preset interleaving threshold is set to improve the ability to resist sudden interference, so that the deterministic transmission capability of alarm services is maintained even when the confidence of the propagation parameter field is insufficient.

[0028] The graph management unit stores the shaft propagation parameter field in a versioned manner to form a shaft propagation graph and maintains version identifiers. Each version contains at least a version identifier, a generation timestamp, a depth segment index, and a set of propagation parameter vectors. When the shaft propagation parameter field meets the stability conditions within multiple consecutive detection update cycles, a new version identifier is generated and submitted as the effective version. When the confidence index does not meet the preset threshold conditions or the fluctuation exceeds the preset change threshold within multiple consecutive detection update cycles, the effective version is rolled back to the previous version while maintaining the effectiveness of the degradation control quantity set. The alarm service data frame header carries the currently effective version identifier to support communication policy tracing and rollback.

[0029] like Figure 1-3As shown, the propagation parameter field construction unit includes a segmented inversion subunit and a reference constraint subunit. The segmented inversion subunit is used to divide the observation into multiple depth segments according to the shaft depth and generate propagation parameter vectors for each depth segment. The reference constraint subunit is used to introduce the reference sequence output by the interference reference acquisition node into the propagation parameter vector generation process of each depth segment, so as to form a predicted observation containing the interference term and calculate the innovation residual accordingly. The confidence assessment unit is used to output the confidence index based on the normalization result of the innovation residual, and the preset threshold condition is adaptively adjusted according to the upper bound of the end-to-end latency and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service, so that the preset threshold condition is increased accordingly when the upper bound of the end-to-end latency is smaller and the lower bound of the arrival reliability is larger.

[0030] In this embodiment: In one specific implementation, the propagation parameter field construction unit includes a segmented inversion subunit and a reference constraint subunit. The segmented inversion subunit is used to divide the observations output by the sparse observation node set into multiple depth segments according to the shaft depth and generate propagation parameter vectors for each depth segment; wherein, the segment thickness Δz of the shaft depth segment is 20m to 100m, preferably 50m, and the controller maps each observation record to the corresponding depth segment according to the node installation depth. The observation record includes at least one or more of the sending node depth, receiving node depth, and observation node depth. Preferably, the depth segment to which the record belongs is determined by the receiving node depth and the observation node depth, thereby ensuring that the depth segment assignment has a reproducible determination criterion.

[0031] The segmented inversion subunit statistically aggregates observations within each depth segment to form initial values ​​for the propagation parameter vector. The propagation parameter vector includes at least three parameters: equivalent attenuation parameter, equivalent time delay spread parameter, and equivalent interference parameter. The equivalent attenuation parameter is statistically obtained from the difference between the transmitted power and the received signal strength indication, and outliers are suppressed using the median or truncated mean. The equivalent time delay spread parameter is statistically obtained from the main peak position and energy spread of the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence. The energy spread is preferably determined by the boundary spacing or root-mean-square time delay spread when the normalized energy accumulation reaches a preset proportion. The equivalent interference parameter is statistically obtained from the noise power estimate or equivalent interference intensity estimate within the guard interval, and sudden spikes can be suppressed using quantiles. To ensure inversion stability, at least K observation records are aggregated for each depth segment before generating the propagation parameter vector. K ranges from 3 to 30, preferably 10. When observation records are insufficient, the propagation parameter vectors of adjacent depth segments are used for interpolation, or the propagation parameter vector of the same segment from the previous detection update cycle is used as a transient output and marked as a low-confidence sample.

[0032] The reference constraint subunit is used to introduce the reference sequence output by the interference reference acquisition node into the propagation parameter vector generation process of each depth segment, so as to form a predicted observation containing the interference term and calculate the innovation residual accordingly. Specifically, the reference constraint subunit segments the reference sequence within each detection update cycle, aligning its time window with the time window of the observation acquired by the sparse observation node; then it calculates the correlation ρ between the reference sequence and the interference segment within the guard interval, and compares the correlation ρ with the correlation threshold ρth. When ρ exceeds ρth, the structural interference intensity corresponding to the reference sequence is mapped to the interference correction amount of that depth segment and superimposed on the equivalent interference parameter of that depth segment, thereby forming a predicted observation containing the interference term; when ρ does not exceed ρth, the background noise estimate is used as the interference term input. The correlation threshold ρth is taken from 0.3 to 0.8, preferably 0.6. The interference correction amount can be the root mean square value of the reference sequence amplitude or the energy value after bandpass filtering, and the dimensional mapping is completed using a pre-stored scaling factor. The scaling factor can be obtained through on-site calibration and stored in the controller.

[0033] The reference constraint subunit generates predicted observations based on the propagation parameter vector and interference term, and then aligns and compares these with the measured observations to obtain innovative residuals. The innovative residuals include at least one or more of the following: received signal strength indication residuals, delay spread residuals, and interference strength residuals. Each residual is normalized according to its historical statistical variance or a preset scale to obtain normalized innovative residuals. The confidence assessment unit outputs a confidence index based on the normalized innovative residuals. The confidence index is set as a function that monotonically decreases as the normalized innovative residuals increase, and a preset threshold condition is used to determine whether the propagation parameter field is reliable. The preset threshold condition is adaptively adjusted according to the upper bound of the end-to-end delay and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service. The preset threshold condition is correspondingly increased as the upper bound of the end-to-end delay decreases and the lower bound of the arrival reliability increases, thereby improving the requirements for the propagation parameter field inversion quality and the consistency of the reference constraints in scenarios with stricter alarm constraints.

[0034] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the constraint solving unit includes a precoding generation subunit and a focused evaluation subunit; The precoding generation subunit is used to extract the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence corresponding to the depth segment where the alarm service target receiving node is located from the shaft propagation parameter field, generate a conjugate time inversion transmission filter sequence based on the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence, and send the transmission filter sequence as part of the precoding parameters to the distributed wireless communication node set. Wherein, the alarm service target receiving node is a node in the distributed wireless communication node cluster used to receive alarm service data; The equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence is obtained by the detection sequence sent by the distributed wireless communication node set and acquired by the sparse observation node set, and the detection sequence is generated and sent by the controller. The focusing evaluation subunit is used to calculate the focusing evaluation index K based on the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence. The index K is centered on the sampling point number k0 corresponding to the focusing peak. The peak evaluation window W1 is Δk1 sampling points before k0 to Δk1 sampling points after k0. The sidelobe evaluation window W2 is Δk2 sampling points before k0 to Δk2 sampling points after k0 and does not include the peak evaluation window W1. The noise evaluation window Wn is Δkn sampling points corresponding to the guard interval of the detection sequence. The focusing evaluation index K is defined as the ratio of the sum of energy in the main peak evaluation window W1 to the sum of energy in the side lobe evaluation window W2 and the sum of energy in the noise evaluation window Wn; The constraint solving unit is used to output the precoding parameters when the focus evaluation index K is not less than the preset focus threshold Kth, and to satisfy the constraint conditions of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service when the precoding parameters are output. In this embodiment, the constraint solving unit includes a precoding generation subunit and a focusing evaluation subunit. The precoding generation subunit extracts the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence corresponding to the depth segment where the alarm service target receiving node is located from the shaft propagation parameter field, generates a conjugate time-inverted transmit filtering sequence based on the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence, and sends the transmit filtering sequence as part of the precoding parameters to the distributed wireless communication node set. The alarm service target receiving node is a node in the distributed wireless communication node set used to receive alarm service data. When the alarm service is triggered, the controller determines the target receiving node based on the reporting source node and destination node of the alarm service, and maps the installation depth of the target receiving node to the corresponding depth segment of the propagation parameter field as the depth segment index for precoding generation and evaluation in this cycle.

[0035] In one feasible process, the controller sends a probe sequence to the selected probe transmitting node and organizes its transmission within the probe update cycle. The sparse observation node set selects at least one observation node within the depth segment where the target receiving node is located to perform matched filtering or correlation processing on the probe sequence, obtaining an equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence h. h is a complex sampling sequence containing Nh sampling points, where Nh ranges from 64 to 1024, preferably 256. Simultaneously, the controller stores h along with the depth segment index, sampling rate, and probe sequence identifier for subsequent precoding generation. To reduce the impact of instantaneous noise on h, the controller can perform aligned averaging or exponential smoothing on h obtained from Q consecutive probes to obtain the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence used for precoding generation, where Q ranges from 1 to 5.

[0036] The precoding generation subunit generates a conjugate-time inversion transmit filter sequence g based on the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence. Specifically, h is processed by reversing the sampling points and taking their conjugates to obtain the basic sequence g, ensuring that the k-th sampling point of g corresponds conjugately to the Nh-1-k-th sampling point of h. Energy normalization is then applied to g to meet transmit power constraints. When the system uses multiple carriers or multiple frequencies, corresponding g can be generated for each frequency, forming a precoded waveform parameter set. The controller sends the length Nh of g, sampling rate, normalization factor, and effective spectrum version identifier as precoding parameters to the distributed wireless communication node responsible for transmitting alarm services. This allows the node to perform convolution filtering or windowing filtering on the baseband data before transmitting alarm service data, thus forming a transmit waveform precoded by conjugate-time inversion.

[0037] The focusing evaluation subunit is used to calculate the focusing evaluation index K based on the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence, and to determine whether to output precoding parameters accordingly. In implementation, the controller finds the sampling point with the largest amplitude or energy in the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence h as the focusing peak position k0; the peak evaluation window W1 is set to Δk1 sampling points before k0 and Δk1 sampling points after k0, where Δk1 ranges from 1 to 20; the sidelobe evaluation window W2 is set to Δk2 sampling points before k0 and Δk2 sampling points after k0, excluding W1, where Δk2 is greater than Δk1 and ranges from 10 to 80; the noise evaluation window Wn is set to Δkn sampling points corresponding to the detection sequence guard interval, where Δkn ranges from 10 to 200. The controller calculates the energy of the sampling points within W1 and E1, the energy of the sampling points within W2 and E2, and the energy of the sampling points within Wn and En, respectively. The sum of energy is the sum of the squares of the amplitudes of each sampling point. The focus evaluation index K is defined as the ratio of the sum of E1, E2 and En, that is, the degree of focus is characterized by the suppression ratio of the main peak energy to the side lobe energy and noise energy.

[0038] The controller presets a focusing threshold Kth, which can be obtained through field calibration. The calibration method is to statistically analyze the distribution of K under different operating conditions when the alarm arrives reliably and take its lower quantile as Kth. When K is not less than Kth, the constraint solving unit outputs precoding parameters and incorporates them into the transmission control quantity set for distribution. At the same time, when outputting the precoding parameters, the constraints of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service are still satisfied. When K is less than Kth, the controller does not output the precoding parameters and instead uses the minimum modulated coding configuration parameters or increases the detection update frequency to re-estimate h, so as to avoid sidelobe enhancement or misfocusing caused by time inversion precoding when the focus is insufficient, thereby ensuring that the delay and reliability constraints of the alarm service are not violated.

[0039] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the constraint solving unit includes a time delay budget decomposition subunit and a reliability mapping subunit; The delay budget decomposition subunit is used to determine the number of forwarding path hops H of the alarm service based on the silo propagation parameter field, and decompose the end-to-end delay upper bound of the alarm service into H hop-by-hop delay budgets, so that the sum of each hop-by-hop delay budget is not greater than the end-to-end delay upper bound, and is used to generate the time slot scheduling parameters to reserve a dedicated forwarding time slot for the alarm service in each hop that matches the corresponding hop-by-hop delay budget; The reliability mapping subunit is used to determine the end-to-end predicted packet error rate of the alarm service based on the shaft propagation parameter field, and to determine the modulation and coding parameters and the number of repeated transmissions N1 based on the end-to-end predicted packet error rate, so that the arrival reliability of the alarm service is not less than the lower bound of the arrival reliability. Furthermore, the constraint solving unit is used to send the modulation and coding parameters, the number of repeated transmissions N1, and the time slot scheduling parameters together as part of the transmission control quantity set to the distributed wireless communication node set; In this embodiment, in one specific implementation, the constraint solving unit includes a delay budget decomposition subunit and a reliability mapping subunit. After the controller determines that the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition, it performs executable parameterized decomposition and mapping of the end-to-end delay upper bound and the reliability lower bound of the alarm service, and sends the generated time slot scheduling parameters, modulation and coding parameters and repeated transmission counts as part of the transmission control quantity set to the distributed wireless communication node set.

[0040] The delay budget decomposition subunit is used to determine the hop count H of the forwarding path for alarm services based on the silo propagation parameter field and generate a hop-by-hop delay budget and dedicated forwarding time slots. The controller pre-maintains a network topology table, which records at least the reachable adjacency relationships between distributed wireless communication nodes and the depth of each node. When an alarm service is triggered, the controller selects a primary forwarding path from the topology table based on the source node and target receiving node of the alarm service and obtains the hop count H of that path. The primary forwarding path can preferably be the path with the fewest hops and whose link quality meets the threshold. The link quality is estimated by the equivalent attenuation parameter and equivalent interference parameter of the corresponding depth segment in the silo propagation parameter field. The controller decomposes the end-to-end latency upper bound Lmax of the alarm service into H hop-by-hop latency budgets di, where i is from 1 to H, so that the sum of the hop-by-hop latency budgets is not greater than Lmax. In one implementation, a basic processing and forwarding latency budget d0 is first allocated to each hop and the allocable margin is obtained by deducting the margin. Then, the margin is distributed according to the reciprocal of the link quality of each hop or according to the weight of the predicted packet error rate of each hop, so that hops with poor link quality can obtain a larger redundant budget. When weighted distribution is not used, the equal distribution method can be directly used to make di equal to Lmax divided by H. The delay budget decomposition subunit further generates time slot scheduling parameters based on the delay budget for each hop. The time slot scheduling parameters include at least the time slot period Ts, the time slot index of the dedicated forwarding time slot for each hop, and the effective duration. The time slot period Ts ranges from 10ms to 50ms. The controller reserves a dedicated forwarding time slot for alarm services in each hop and ensures that the dedicated forwarding time slots of adjacent hops are staggered in the forwarding order. This allows the alarm service to be forwarded immediately in the reserved time slot of the next hop after the previous hop is completed, so that the queuing wait for each hop does not exceed the corresponding hop-by-hop delay budget.

[0041] The reliability mapping subunit is used to determine the end-to-end predicted packet error rate (PBER) of alarm services based on the silo propagation parameter field and accordingly determine the modulation and coding parameters and the number of retransmissions. Specifically, for the selected main forwarding path, the controller extracts the equivalent attenuation parameters and equivalent interference parameters for each hop depth segment on the path, estimates the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or equivalent link quality index for that hop, and maps the link quality index and candidate modulation and coding scheme combinations to the predicted PBER pei for that hop through a pre-stored performance table. The performance table can be obtained through experimental calibration and stored in the controller. The input of the performance table is at least the link quality index and the modulation and coding scheme, and the output is the packet error rate. The controller independently approximates the predicted PBER of each hop to obtain the end-to-end predicted PBER pe2e. The synthesis method can be one minus the product of the success rates of each hop, that is, pe2e equals 1 minus the product of the sum of the sums ... The reliability mapping subunit selects modulation and coding parameters that satisfy resource constraints from the candidate modulation and coding parameter set, and determines the number of retransmissions N1 accordingly, ensuring that the arrival reliability of the alarm service is not less than the lower bound of arrival reliability Rmin. The arrival reliability can be approximated as 1 minus pe2e to the power of N1 for each retransmission. The controller increments N1 from 1 until 1 minus pe2e to the power of N1 is not less than Rmin. The value of N1 is constrained by hop-by-hop delay budget constraints, ensuring that the additional transmissions introduced by retransmissions do not cause the end-to-end delay to exceed Lmax. If an N1 that satisfies the delay budget constraint cannot be found under the current modulation and coding parameters, the reliability mapping subunit switches to modulation and coding parameters with stronger error correction capabilities and recalculates pe2e and N1 until a combination that simultaneously satisfies the Lmax and Rmin constraints is obtained.

[0042] The controller sends the time slot scheduling parameters, the modulation and coding parameters, and the number of repeated transmissions N1 as part of the transmission control quantity set to the distributed wireless communication node set. After receiving the data, the distributed wireless communication node set locks a dedicated forwarding time slot for the alarm service according to the time slot scheduling parameters and executes the corresponding modulation and coding scheme. When necessary, it performs repeated transmission of the same alarm group according to the number of repeated transmissions or makes a decision according to the receiver merging strategy. In this way, when the reliability of the propagation parameter field meets the threshold condition, it can realize the executable guarantee of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service.

[0043] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the graph management unit includes a stability determination subunit, a version submission subunit, and a version rollback subunit; The stability determination subunit is used to continuously monitor the confidence index and output a stable state when the confidence index continuously meets the preset threshold condition for no less than a preset number of times N2 and the change in its two adjacent monitoring values ​​does not exceed the preset change threshold. The version submission subunit is used to write the current shaft propagation parameter field into the shaft propagation map and generate a new map version identifier when outputting the stable state, and at the same time set the new map version identifier as the effective version identifier. The version rollback subunit is used to switch the effective version identifier of the shaft propagation map to the previous map version identifier and trigger the degradation protection unit to issue a set of degradation control quantities when the confidence index fails to meet the preset threshold condition for no less than a preset number of consecutive times M or the change in two adjacent monitoring values ​​exceeds the preset change threshold. The constraint solving unit is used to update the transmission control quantity set based on the silo propagation parameter field corresponding to the effective version identifier when the effective version identifier is switched, so that the end-to-end delay upper bound and arrival reliability lower bound constraints of the alarm service are continuously satisfied during the graph version switch. In this embodiment, the graph management unit includes a stability determination subunit, a version submission subunit, and a version rollback subunit, which are used to perform versioned management of the silo propagation parameter field and execute submission and rollback respectively when the communication environment is stable or unstable, so that the alarm service continuously meets the end-to-end latency upper bound and arrival reliability lower bound constraints during the graph version switching process.

[0044] The stability determination subunit is used to continuously monitor the confidence index and output a stable state. The controller uses the probe update cycle as a benchmark, obtaining a confidence index value Ct after each probe update cycle and forming a confidence sequence arranged in chronological order. The stability determination subunit sets a preset number of iterations N2 and a preset change threshold ΔCth, where N2 ranges from 3 to 20 and ΔCth ranges from 0.01 to 0.2. When the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition for at least N2 consecutive times and the change in two adjacent monitoring values ​​does not exceed ΔCth, the propagation parameter field is determined to be in a stable state, and a stable state indicator is output. When the confidence index meets the threshold but the fluctuation exceeds ΔCth, a stable state is not output, and the system remains in a pending confirmation state, ensuring that version submissions only occur within the stable range, thereby reducing frequent fluctuations in the graph.

[0045] The version submission subunit is used to write the current silo propagation parameter field into the silo propagation map and generate a new map version identifier when outputting a stable state. The silo propagation map is stored in a version record format. Each version record contains at least a version identifier v, a generation timestamp, a depth segment index, and a set of propagation parameter vectors for each depth segment. The version identifier can be an incrementing sequence number or a string generated by the timestamp and hash. When outputting a stable state, the version submission subunit writes the propagation parameter field generated in the current probe update cycle as the new version content into the map storage area, sets the new version identifier as the effective version identifier, and notifies the constraint solving unit of the effective version change. This allows the constraint solving unit to perform link quality estimation and candidate control variable selection based on the propagation parameter field corresponding to the effective version identifier in subsequent solutions.

[0046] The version rollback subunit is used to switch the effective version identifier to the previous version identifier and trigger the degradation protection unit to issue a set of degradation control variables when the propagation environment becomes unstable. The triggering conditions for propagation environment instability include at least one of the following or a combination thereof: the confidence index fails to meet a preset threshold condition for at least M consecutive times, or the change in the confidence index between two adjacent monitoring values ​​exceeds a preset change threshold; where M ranges from 2 to 10. When the triggering conditions are met, the version rollback subunit switches the effective version identifier of the silo propagation map from the current version to the previous version, writes the rollback event and the version identifiers before and after the rollback to the log, and simultaneously triggers the degradation protection unit to immediately issue a set of degradation control variables to ensure that the dedicated forwarding slot and the backup modulation and coding configuration parameters for alarm services remain effective, thereby avoiding the use of unreliable versions that could disrupt alarm service constraints when the reliability of the propagation parameter field is insufficient.

[0047] The constraint solving unit updates the transmission control quantity set based on the silo propagation parameter field corresponding to the effective version identifier when the effective version identifier changes. Specifically, when a version submission causes an update of the effective version, the constraint solving unit re-estimates the quality of each hop link using the propagation parameter field corresponding to the new effective version and re-solves the transmission control quantity set that satisfies the upper bound of end-to-end delay and the lower bound of arrival reliability, and then issues it. When a version rollback causes an effective version rollback, the constraint solving unit reselects matching power allocation parameters, frequency band selection parameters, modulation and coding parameters, and path and scheduling parameters using the propagation parameter field corresponding to the rolled-back effective version. During the period when the degradation control quantity set is in effect, it only updates the control quantities that do not affect the alarm-dedicated time slot and the lower bound of the modulation and coding constraint, so that the constraints of the upper bound of end-to-end delay and the lower bound of arrival reliability of the alarm service are continuously satisfied during the spectrum version switching.

[0048] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the degradation protection unit includes a minimum configuration generation subunit and an alarm hard isolation subunit; The guaranteed configuration generation subunit is used to generate guaranteed modulation and coding configuration parameters when the degradation control set is triggered. The guaranteed modulation and coding configuration parameters are used to limit the modulation order of the alarm service to no higher than a preset order threshold and limit the channel coding code rate of the alarm service to no higher than a preset code rate threshold, and to set the interleaving depth of the alarm service to no less than a preset interleaving threshold. The alarm hard isolation subunit is used to lock the dedicated forwarding time slot of the alarm service and prohibit non-critical services from occupying the dedicated forwarding time slot when the degradation control set is issued. At the same time, it limits the allowed transmission bandwidth of non-critical services to no more than a preset bandwidth threshold to suppress queuing interference to the alarm service. Furthermore, the constraint solving unit is used to maintain the number of forwarding path hops of the alarm service not exceeding the upper limit of the number of hops determined by the delay budget decomposition subunit during the period when the degradation control set is in effect, so that the end-to-end delay upper limit constraint of the alarm service is continuously satisfied. In this embodiment, the baseline configuration generation subunit is used to generate and distribute baseline modulation and coding configuration parameters when the degradation control set is triggered. The baseline modulation and coding configuration parameters include at least three items: modulation order threshold, channel coding rate threshold, and interleaving depth threshold. The modulation order threshold is used to limit the modulation method of the alarm service to no higher than a preset order threshold, which can be BPSK or QPSK, preferably BPSK. The channel coding rate threshold is used to limit the channel coding rate of the alarm service to no higher than a preset rate threshold, which can be half or two-thirds, preferably half. The interleaving depth threshold is used to set the interleaving depth of the alarm service to no less than a preset interleaving threshold, which can be 16 to 256 symbol lengths, preferably 64 symbol lengths. When generating the minimum modulation and coding configuration parameters, the controller encapsulates the above threshold along with the alarm service identifier, the applicable effective version identifier, and the effective start and end conditions into a set of degradation control variables and sends it to the distributed wireless communication node set. This enables the distributed wireless communication node set to force the alarm service to adopt the minimum modulation and coding configuration parameters during the degradation period and refuse to configure the alarm service to higher order modulation or higher code rate coding, thereby improving the anti-fading and anti-interference capabilities.

[0049] The alarm hard isolation subunit is used to lock the dedicated forwarding time slots for alarm services and suppress queuing interference from non-critical services when the degradation control set is issued. The controller presets a dedicated forwarding time slot table for alarm services, which includes at least the time slot period, the dedicated time slot index per hop, and the duration. When the degradation control set takes effect, the alarm hard isolation subunit issues a locking command to the distributed wireless communication node set, causing each node to mark the dedicated forwarding time slots for alarms as non-preemptible in its local scheduler and prohibit non-critical services from occupying these dedicated forwarding time slots. At the same time, it issues bandwidth limit parameters for non-critical services to limit the allowed transmission bandwidth of non-critical services to no more than a preset bandwidth threshold, which can be 10kbps to 200kbps. When executing the bandwidth limit, each node sets a token bucket or fixed rate shaping for non-critical services to ensure that the transmission resources occupied by non-critical services in any time slot period do not exceed the amount of resources corresponding to the bandwidth threshold, thereby reducing the queuing delay caused by non-critical services to alarm services in the node buffer queue.

[0050] Furthermore, the constraint solving unit is used to ensure that the number of hops in the forwarding path of the alarm service does not exceed the upper limit of the hop count determined by the delay budget decomposition subunit during the period when the degradation control variable set is in effect, so that the end-to-end delay upper limit constraint of the alarm service is continuously satisfied. Specifically, before entering the degradation state or when entering the degradation state, the controller selects an alarm forwarding path that satisfies the minimum number of hops or does not exceed the upper limit of the hop count based on the topology table and the silo propagation parameter field, and issues a locking flag, so that the distributed wireless communication nodes only allow the alarm service to forward along the locked path during the degradation period without detouring to increase the number of hops; when the topology change causes the locked path to become unavailable, the controller only selects a path with a number of hops not exceeding the upper limit of the hop count from the alternative path set for switching, and keeps the alarm-dedicated forwarding time slot and the baseline modulation and coding configuration parameters continuously effective, so that the path hop count constraint and time slot hard isolation jointly ensure that the end-to-end delay upper limit constraint of the alarm service is not violated during the degradation period.

[0051] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the controller includes a consistency verification subunit and a closed-loop re-solution subunit; The consistency verification subunit is used to perform consistency verification on the shaft propagation parameter field based on the observations output by the sparse observation node set and the reference sequence output by the interference reference acquisition node after the transmission control quantity set or the degradation control quantity set is issued. The consistency verification includes at least determining the difference between the measured value of the observation and the predicted value calculated by the shaft propagation parameter field corresponding to the current effective map version identifier, and outputting the consistency status. The closed-loop re-solution subunit is used to trigger the graph management unit to perform version rollback and trigger the degradation protection unit to maintain the minimum modulation and coding configuration parameters of the alarm service and lock the alarm-dedicated forwarding time slot when the consistency state is characterized as inconsistent. At the same time, it triggers the propagation parameter field construction unit to increase the observation acquisition frequency and update the silo propagation parameter field. After the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition again, it triggers the constraint solving unit to re-solve based on the updated silo propagation parameter field and issue the transmission control quantity set. In this embodiment, the consistency verification subunit is used to perform consistency verification and output a consistency status after the control quantity is issued. Specifically, at the end of each detection update cycle, the controller obtains the observations output by the sparse observation node set and the reference sequence output by the interference reference acquisition node, and reads the shaft propagation parameter field corresponding to the currently effective spectrum version identifier; the consistency verification subunit generates a predicted value for the observation based on the propagation parameter field, the predicted value including at least one or more of the following: the predicted value of the received signal strength indication, the predicted value of the equivalent delay spread, and the predicted value of the equivalent interference strength; the consistency verification subunit calculates the difference between the measured value and the predicted value and compares it with a preset judgment threshold. The difference can be in the form of absolute difference, normalized residual, or squared error, and the judgment threshold can be determined by the historical variance multiple or a pre-stored threshold table; when the difference does not exceed the judgment threshold for at least P consecutive detection update cycles, a consistency status is output; when the difference exceeds the judgment threshold for at least Q consecutive detection update cycles, an inconsistency status is output, where P is 2 to 10 and Q is 1 to 5, thereby avoiding single-time occasional abnormality triggering closed-loop action. To improve reproducibility, the consistency verification subunit records the calculation objects, calculation results, and judgment conclusions of the differences in the log along with the current effective version identifier for traceability.

[0052] The closed-loop re-solution subunit is used to trigger rollback, maintain a safety net, and increase the observation frequency to update the propagation parameter field when the consistency state is characterized as inconsistent. Specifically, when the consistency verification subunit outputs an inconsistent state, the closed-loop re-solution subunit triggers the spectrum management unit to perform version rollback, switching the effective version identifier to the previous spectrum version identifier, and triggers the degradation protection unit to maintain the safety net modulation and coding configuration parameters and alarm-dedicated forwarding time slot lock for the alarm service, so that the alarm service still has definite time slot resources and safety net link configuration during the propagation parameter field mismatch. At the same time, the closed-loop re-solution subunit triggers the propagation parameter field construction unit to increase the observation acquisition frequency, that is, to shorten the detection update cycle or increase the number of detections within the same cycle, and require sparse observation nodes to additionally acquire at least one set of equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequences and noise within the guard interval in the target depth segment. Alternatively, interference estimates are collected, and interference reference acquisition nodes synchronously report reference sequences to form a new observation dataset for updating the shaft propagation parameter field. After the propagation parameter field is updated, the confidence assessment unit recalculates the confidence index. When the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition again and remains stable for no less than a preset number of consecutive times, the closed-loop re-solution subunit triggers the constraint solution unit to re-solve and issue the transmission control quantity set based on the updated shaft propagation parameter field. At the same time, it allows gradual exit from the degraded control quantity set and restoration of the normal control strategy, thereby realizing a closed-loop recovery path from inconsistency detection to rollback protection and then to update and re-solution. This ensures that the alarm service maintains controllable latency and reliability performance throughout the entire process and supports policy traceability.

[0053] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0054] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts, characterized in that, include: Distributed wireless communication node set, sparse observation node set, interference reference acquisition node, and controller; The distributed wireless communication node set is deployed along the depth direction of the shaft to form a multi-hop wireless communication network and carry communication services including at least alarm services. The sparse observation node set is used to output observations characterizing the wireless propagation environment of the shaft; The interference reference acquisition node is used to output a reference sequence of structural electromagnetic interference; The controller is communicatively connected to the distributed wireless communication node set, the sparse observation node set, and the interference reference acquisition node. The controller includes a propagation parameter field construction unit, a confidence evaluation unit, a constraint solving unit, a degradation protection unit, and a graph management unit. The propagation parameter field construction unit is used to construct a shaft propagation parameter field that varies with depth based on the observations and the reference sequence, and provide it to the confidence assessment unit and the constraint solving unit; The confidence assessment unit is used to output a confidence index based on the vertical shaft propagation parameter field; The constraint solving unit is used to solve and send a set of transmission control quantities to the distributed wireless communication node set when the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition, under the constraints of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay of the alarm service and the lower bound of the arrival reliability. The set of transmission control parameters includes at least one or more of the following: power allocation parameters, frequency band selection parameters, modulation and coding parameters, precoding parameters, and path and scheduling parameters. The degradation protection unit is used to send a set of degradation control quantities to the distributed wireless communication node set when the confidence index does not meet the preset threshold condition. The degradation control set includes at least alarm resource reservation parameters, non-critical service degradation parameters, and backup modulation and coding configuration parameters. The graph management unit is used to version-store the vertical shaft propagation parameter field to form a vertical shaft propagation graph, so that alarm service data carries the graph version identifier to support the traceability and rollback of communication strategies.

2. The real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The propagation parameter field construction unit includes a segmented inversion subunit and a reference constraint subunit. The segmented inversion subunit is used to divide the observation into multiple depth segments according to the shaft depth and generate propagation parameter vectors for each depth segment. The reference constraint subunit is used to introduce the reference sequence output by the interference reference acquisition node into the propagation parameter vector generation process of each depth segment, so as to form a predicted observation containing the interference term and calculate the innovation residual accordingly. The confidence assessment unit is used to output the confidence index based on the normalization result of the innovation residual, and the preset threshold condition is adaptively adjusted according to the upper bound of the end-to-end latency and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service, so that the preset threshold condition is increased accordingly when the upper bound of the end-to-end latency is smaller and the lower bound of the arrival reliability is larger.

3. The real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The constraint solving unit includes a precoding generation subunit and a focused evaluation subunit; The precoding generation subunit is used to extract the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence corresponding to the depth segment where the alarm service target receiving node is located from the shaft propagation parameter field, generate a conjugate time inversion transmission filter sequence based on the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence, and send the transmission filter sequence as part of the precoding parameters to the distributed wireless communication node set. Wherein, the alarm service target receiving node is a node in the distributed wireless communication node cluster used to receive alarm service data; The equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence is obtained by the detection sequence sent by the distributed wireless communication node set and acquired by the sparse observation node set, and the detection sequence is generated and sent by the controller. The focusing evaluation subunit is used to calculate the focusing evaluation index K based on the equivalent channel impulse response estimation sequence. The index K is centered on the sampling point number k0 corresponding to the focusing peak. The peak evaluation window W1 is Δk1 sampling points before k0 to Δk1 sampling points after k0. The sidelobe evaluation window W2 is Δk2 sampling points before k0 to Δk2 sampling points after k0 and does not include the peak evaluation window W1. The noise evaluation window Wn is Δkn sampling points corresponding to the guard interval of the detection sequence. The focusing evaluation index K is defined as the ratio of the sum of energy in the main peak evaluation window W1 to the sum of energy in the side lobe evaluation window W2 and the sum of energy in the noise evaluation window Wn; The constraint solving unit is used to output the precoding parameters when the focus evaluation index K is not less than the preset focus threshold Kth, and to satisfy the constraint conditions of the upper bound of the end-to-end delay and the lower bound of the arrival reliability of the alarm service when the precoding parameters are output.

4. The real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The constraint solving unit includes a time delay budget decomposition subunit and a reliability mapping subunit; The delay budget decomposition subunit is used to determine the number of forwarding path hops H of the alarm service based on the silo propagation parameter field, and decompose the end-to-end delay upper bound of the alarm service into H hop-by-hop delay budgets, so that the sum of each hop-by-hop delay budget is not greater than the end-to-end delay upper bound, and is used to generate time slot scheduling parameters to reserve a dedicated forwarding time slot matching the corresponding hop-by-hop delay budget for the alarm service in each hop; The reliability mapping subunit is used to determine the end-to-end predicted packet error rate of the alarm service based on the shaft propagation parameter field, and to determine the modulation and coding parameters and the number of repeated transmissions N1 based on the end-to-end predicted packet error rate, so that the arrival reliability of the alarm service is not less than the lower bound of the arrival reliability. Furthermore, the constraint solving unit is used to send the modulation and coding parameters, the number of repeated transmissions N1, and the time slot scheduling parameters together as part of the transmission control quantity set to the distributed wireless communication node set.

5. A real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The graph management unit includes a stability determination subunit, a version submission subunit, and a version rollback subunit; The stability determination subunit is used to continuously monitor the confidence index and output a stable state when the confidence index continuously meets the preset threshold condition for no less than a preset number of times N2 and the change in its two adjacent monitoring values ​​does not exceed the preset change threshold. The version submission subunit is used to write the current shaft propagation parameter field into the shaft propagation map and generate a new map version identifier when outputting the stable state, and at the same time set the new map version identifier as the effective version identifier. The version rollback subunit is used to switch the effective version identifier of the shaft propagation map to the previous map version identifier and trigger the degradation protection unit to issue a set of degradation control quantities when the confidence index fails to meet the preset threshold condition for no less than a preset number of consecutive times M or the change in two adjacent monitoring values ​​exceeds the preset change threshold. The constraint solving unit is used to update the transmission control quantity set based on the silo propagation parameter field corresponding to the effective version identifier when the effective version identifier is switched, so that the end-to-end delay upper bound and arrival reliability lower bound constraints of the alarm service are continuously satisfied during the graph version switch.

6. A real-time wireless communication system for mine shafts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controller includes a consistency verification subunit and a closed-loop re-solution subunit; The consistency verification subunit is used to perform consistency verification on the shaft propagation parameter field based on the observations output by the sparse observation node set and the reference sequence output by the interference reference acquisition node after the transmission control quantity set or the degradation control quantity set is issued. The consistency verification includes at least determining the difference between the measured value of the observation and the predicted value calculated by the shaft propagation parameter field corresponding to the current effective map version identifier, and outputting the consistency status. The closed-loop re-solution subunit is used to trigger the graph management unit to perform version rollback and trigger the degradation protection unit to maintain the minimum modulation and coding configuration parameters of the alarm service and lock the alarm-dedicated forwarding time slot when the consistency state is characterized as inconsistent. At the same time, it triggers the propagation parameter field construction unit to increase the observation acquisition frequency and update the silo propagation parameter field. After the confidence index meets the preset threshold condition again, it triggers the constraint solving unit to re-solve based on the updated silo propagation parameter field and issue the transmission control quantity set.

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