A respiratory tract sampler for collecting lavage fluid from the trachea of a bird

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of respiratory tract sampler for collecting avian tracheal lavage fluid, belong to the technical field of poultry respiratory tract sampling instrument, including support part, flexible catheter part, positioning and fixing assembly, elastic catheter head assembly, elastic sliding sleeve assembly and inner integrated tube assembly;Support part opens poultry beak, flexible catheter part extends into trachea, insertion cylinder is recycled in head connection pipe, elastic fin supports flexible fin, avoids bending and reduces mucosa irritation;After reaching the predetermined depth, inner integrated tube assembly provides positive pressure gas, drives insertion cylinder to extend, makes limit inclined table and clamping inclined table self-locking, through-hole is exposed in trachea, positive pressure simultaneously provides oxygen for a short time;Subsequently switch to lavage mode, lavage fluid is washed trachea through through-hole, then switch negative pressure back suction to collect sample;After use, move sliding sleeve, manually push and press flexible head to make insertion cylinder reset, it is convenient to disinfect and reuse;Can reduce poultry discomfort, accurately control lavage position, realize oxygen supply, lavage, back suction multi-functional switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of respiratory tract sampling instruments for poultry, and in particular to a respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry. Background Technology

[0002] Poultry farming is an important part of my country's animal husbandry. In the prevention and control of poultry diseases and scientific research, the collection of tracheal lavage fluid is a key step in diagnosing respiratory diseases (such as avian influenza and infectious bronchitis). By detecting pathogens in the lavage fluid, we can keep abreast of the epidemic situation and provide a basis for precise prevention and control.

[0003] Under current technological conditions, traditional poultry tracheal lavage mainly relies on manual operation. It typically requires two operators: one to hold the bird still and open its beak, and the other to hold a syringe connected to a tubing or blunt needle, insert it into the trachea, inject saline solution, and immediately aspirate. This method has the following technical drawbacks: (1) The beak is unstable when it is fixed by hand. The struggle of birds can easily cause the instruments to scratch the tracheal mucosa, causing bleeding or edema, increasing the pain of the animals and blood mixed into the sample, affecting the accuracy of the test. (2) The depth of tracheal insertion is judged entirely by touch. If it is too shallow, the sampling will be insufficient; if it is too deep, it may damage the tracheal bifurcation or cause suffocation. (3) Traditional single-lumen catheters share the same channel for irrigation and back aspiration. After the liquid is injected, the catheter tip is often wrapped by the mucosa or stuck to the wall, resulting in poor drainage during negative pressure back aspiration, insufficient sample recovery, and affecting detection sensitivity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry, which can stably fix the beak of poultry, avoid mucosal damage, and accurately control the insertion depth; and can integrate oxygen supply, lavage and reabsorption functions to improve sampling efficiency and safety.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry, comprising a support part, a flexible catheter part, a positioning and locking assembly, an elastic catheter head assembly, an elastic sliding sleeve assembly, and an inner integrated tube assembly. The support portion is fitted over the outside of the flexible conduit portion; The positioning and locking assembly includes a pressure block; the elastic conduit head assembly includes a flexible head, a limiting ramp and a through hole; and the elastic sliding sleeve assembly includes a sliding sleeve and elastic fins. The flexible catheter section is also fitted with a positioning clip, and the damping pressure block is screwed into the positioning clip. Rotating the pressure block can form a pressing and releasing action on the flexible catheter section. The head end of the flexible conduit is fixedly connected to a head connecting tube, and the head end of the head connecting tube is uniformly fixedly connected to flexible fins. The limiting ramp is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flexible fins. The inner wall of the head connecting tube is elastically pulled and slidably inserted with a tube. The flexible head is fixed to the head end of the tube. The outer wall of the tube is uniformly fixed with snap-fit ​​ramps, and through holes are uniformly opened on the side wall of the head end of the tube. The sliding sleeve springs outward and slides to connect with the outer wall of the head connecting tube, while the elastic fins are evenly fixed to the head end of the sliding sleeve. The internal integrated tube assembly is located inside the flexible conduit section and the head connecting tube, and can form three states: positive pressure blowing, irrigation, and negative pressure back suction.

[0006] The process of using the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: Before insertion and during tracheal insertion, first adjust the position of the positioning and locking component on the flexible tube section according to the insertion depth. When the positioning and locking component is locked on the flexible tube section by the pressure block, and the flexible tube section is inserted into the positioning clip and the support part is in place, the head of the flexible tube section is inserted into the trachea. The operator uses the support to stably open the bird's beak, keeping it open and unable to close, thus providing a clear passage for subsequent operations; at this time, the flexible endotracheal tube can be smoothly inserted into the bird's trachea. During insertion, the insert in the elastic tube head assembly is in its initial state retracted into the head connecting tube, with its head end being a flexible head made of soft material; at the same time, the sliding sleeve in the elastic sliding sleeve assembly is fitted outside the head connecting tube, and its elastic fins are attached to the outer wall of the flexible fins, providing elastic support for the soft flexible fins, ensuring that they maintain a stable shape during insertion and avoiding deformation or bending due to compression by the tracheal wall. Once the flexible catheter is inserted to the predetermined depth into the trachea, the operator introduces positive pressure gas into the head connector tube at the tip of the flexible catheter through the inner integrated tube assembly. The gas pressure overcomes the elastic tension on the insert, pushing the insert and the flexible head outward. As the insert extends outward, the locking ramps uniformly fixed to its outer wall and the limiting ramps on the inner wall of the flexible fins form a sliding engagement on the inclined plane. As the insert continues to move outward, when the through hole on the side wall of the insert head end is completely exposed outside the head connecting tube and the flexible fins, the limiting ramps just engage with one side of the locking ramps, achieving self-locking and locking the insert in the extended state. At this time, since the elastic fins still support the flexible fins, the limiting ramps can stably maintain engagement with the locking ramps, preventing the insert from retracting. At this time, the positive pressure gas not only completed the insertion of the tube, but also provided the poultry with a brief oxygen supply before rinsing to maintain their respiratory needs. After the tube is extended into place, the perforation is located in the appropriate position inside the trachea; the operator switches to the irrigation mode through the inner integrated tube assembly, and the irrigation fluid flows out evenly from the perforation to thoroughly rinse the inner wall of the trachea and wash away the attached secretions, pathogens and other sample components. After irrigation is completed, the inner integrated tube assembly switches to negative pressure mode. The irrigation fluid containing the sample is drawn back into the collection container through the perforation by negative pressure suction, thus completing the collection of tracheal irrigation fluid. After collection, the flexible duct section, along with the elastic duct head assembly and the elastic sliding sleeve assembly, is slowly pulled out of the avian trachea, and the support is removed from the beak. Then, the operator manually pushes the sliding sleeve away from the flexible fins, causing the elastic fins to disengage from the support of the flexible fins. Since the flexible fins are made of soft material, their rigidity decreases after losing support. At this time, applying an appropriate pushing force to the flexible head will disengage the limiting ramp from the locking ramp, and the insert will automatically retract and reset into the head connecting tube under the action of elastic tension, and the flexible head will also retract accordingly. After the insert is reset, it can be disinfected. You can choose an appropriate disinfection method (such as soaking disinfection, high temperature sterilization, etc.) to thoroughly clean and disinfect it for the next use.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: (1) When the trachea is inserted, the insert is retracted into the head connecting tube and the flexible head contacts the tissue first, which can reduce the physical stimulation of the mucosa. At the same time, the lateral support of the elastic fins on the flexible fins can prevent the elastic duct head assembly from bending or deviating during the advancement process, ensuring that the flexible duct part reaches the predetermined position smoothly and reducing the struggle and discomfort caused by the foreign body sensation in the airway of poultry. (2) The present invention utilizes positive pressure to drive the insert to automatically extend and lock, so that the through hole is accurately exposed to the target irrigation area. Combined with the positioning and locking components to preset the insertion depth, the irrigation position is accurately controllable. The locking fit between the limiting ramp and the locking ramp is kept stable under the support of the elastic fins, avoiding displacement of the insert during operation, and providing a stable and reliable channel foundation for subsequent irrigation and back suction. (3) The integrated tube assembly of the present invention can quickly switch between three modes: positive pressure oxygen supply, irrigation injection and negative pressure back suction, to meet the continuous operation requirements of the same device to complete ventilation guarantee, flushing sampling and liquid recovery; after use, the support of the flexible fins is released by the movement of the sliding sleeve, so that the tube can be manually reset, which is convenient for cleaning and disinfection of the whole, supports multiple reuses, and improves the reuse frequency of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support portion and the flexible conduit portion of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional structure of the pressure block and the catheter body of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the positioning and securing component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the positioning and fixing component and the support portion of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic catheter head assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the inner retaining ring portion of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the insert portion of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic sliding sleeve assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 This is an exploded structural diagram of the elastic sliding sleeve assembly of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic card holder and the support part of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the integrated tube assembly and the flexible conduit portion of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the various tubing sections of the flexible conduit portion of the present invention; Figure 14 This is an exploded structural diagram of the integrated connecting pipe portion of the present invention; Figure 15 This is an exploded structural diagram of the irregular elastic check valve portion of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic check valve of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the irregular elastic check valve of the present invention.

[0010] Figure label: 1. Support section; 2. Flexible catheter section; 3. Flexible tube; 4. Positioning and locking assembly; 5. Elastic catheter head assembly; 6. Elastic sliding sleeve assembly; 7. Inner integrated tube assembly; 201. Catheter body; 202. Scale line; 401. External ear seat; 402. Locking hole; 403. Positioning clip; 404. Rotary seat; 405. Rotating shaft; 406. Rotating arm; 407. Pressure block; 408. Buckle; 409. Eccentric boss; 410. Side locking seat; 411. Opening slot; 412. Locking slot; 501. Head connecting tube; 502. Flexible fins; 503. Insertion tube; 504. Elastic locking platform; 505. Flexible head; 506, sealing ring; 507, elastic element; 508, limiting ramp; 509, sliding groove; 510, snap-fit ​​ramp; 511, through hole; 512, inner retaining ring; 601, snap-fit ​​sliding column; 602, sliding sleeve; 603, snap-fit ​​sliding groove; 604, elastic sleeve; 605, elastic fin; 701, positive pressure pipe; 702, tank washing pipe; 703, negative pressure back suction pipe; 704, negative pressure bottle cap; 705, collection bottle; 706, integrated connecting pipe; 707, elastic check valve; 708, branch pipe; 709, inner partition; 710, irregular elastic check valve; 711, positive pressure chamber; 712, negative pressure chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0013] like Figures 1-17 As shown, a respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry has a support part 1 sleeved outside a flexible catheter part 2. After the support part 1 stably opens the beak of the poultry, the beak is rigidly fixed and cannot be closed, and the flexible catheter part 2 can be inserted into the trachea. The positioning and locking assembly 4 includes a pressure block 407; the elastic conduit head assembly 5 includes a flexible head 505, a limiting ramp 508 and a through hole 511; and the elastic sliding sleeve assembly 6 includes a sliding sleeve 602 and an elastic fin 605. The flexible catheter section 2 is also fitted with a positioning clip 403. The pressure block 407 is damped and screwed into the positioning clip 403. Rotating the pressure block 407 can form a pressing and releasing action on the flexible catheter section 2. The head end of the flexible conduit section 2 is fixedly connected to a head connecting tube 501, and the head end of the head connecting tube 501 is uniformly fixedly connected to flexible fins 502. The limiting inclined platform 508 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flexible fins 502. The inner wall of the head connecting tube 501 is elastically pulled and slidably inserted with the insert 503. The flexible head 505 is fixed to the head end of the insert 503. The outer wall of the insert 503 is uniformly fixed with the snap-fit ​​ramp 510. The through holes 511 are uniformly opened on the side wall of the head end of the insert 503. The support part 1 stably opens the beak of the bird. During the process of the flexible tube part 2 being inserted into the trachea, the tube 503 is retracted into the head connecting tube 501. The flexible head 505 made of soft material serves as the head end of the tube 503, which can reduce discomfort during the insertion process. The sliding sleeve 602 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the head connecting tube 501 by springing outward, and the elastic fins 605 are evenly fixed to the head end of the sliding sleeve 602. Furthermore, the elastic fin 605 on the same side is directly opposite the flexible fin 502. Without external force, the elastic fin 605 on the same side adheres to the outer wall of the flexible fin 502, and the elastic fin 605 can provide elastic support for the flexible fin 502. The internal integrated tube assembly 7 is located inside the flexible conduit section 2 and the head connecting tube 501, and can form three states: positive pressure blowing, irrigation and negative pressure back suction. After the flexible conduit section 2 is inserted into the trachea, positive pressure air can be supplied to the flexible conduit section 2 through the inner integrated tube assembly 7. The gas overcomes the elastic tension of the insert 503 and pushes the insert 503 and the flexible head 505 outward. During the outward movement of the insert 503 and the flexible head 505, the inclined surface of the limiting ramp 508 and the inclined surface of the snap-fit ​​ramp 510 form a sliding tangential fit. After the through hole 511 is exposed outside the head connecting tube 501 and the flexible fin 502, the limiting ramp 508 snaps onto one side of the snap-fit ​​ramp 510. At this time, due to the presence of the sliding sleeve 602 and the elastic fin 605, the snap-fit ​​formed by the limiting ramp 508 and the snap-fit ​​ramp 510 remains effective. At this time, the positive pressure air provided by the inner integrated tube assembly 7 can provide a brief oxygen supply after the flexible conduit section 2 is inserted into the trachea and before irrigation. After the through hole 511 is safely extended, the internal integrated tube assembly 7 can be used to perform irrigation operations and negative pressure back suction collection of irrigation fluid. After use, when the flexible conduit 2 is withdrawn from the trachea, the sliding sleeve 602 moves away from the flexible fin 502, which allows the elastic fin 605 to disengage from the elastic support of the flexible fin 502. Since the flexible fin 502 itself is made of soft material, after losing the support of the elastic fin 605, a certain pushing force is applied to the flexible head 505, which can cause the limiting ramp 508 to disengage from the locking ramp 510, thus resetting the position of the flexible head 505 and the insert 503. The working principle is as follows: Before insertion and during tracheal insertion, first adjust the position of the positioning and locking component 4 on the flexible tube section 2 according to the insertion depth. When the positioning and locking component 4 is locked on the flexible tube section 2 by the pressure block 407, and the flexible tube section 2 is inserted into the positioning clip 403 and abuts against the support part 1, the head end of the flexible tube section 2 is inserted into the trachea. The operator uses the support part 1 to stably open the beak of the poultry, keeping it open and unable to close, thus providing a clear passage for subsequent operations; at this time, the flexible duct part 2 can be smoothly inserted into the trachea of ​​the poultry. To prevent the support part 1 from falling off the beak due to the poultry struggling and shaking during the operation, the operator needs to effectively fix and support the poultry's neck. During insertion, the insert 503 in the elastic tube head assembly 5 is in its initial state retracted into the head connecting tube 501. Its head end is a flexible head 505 made of soft material, which can effectively reduce the irritation and discomfort to the tracheal mucosa during insertion. At the same time, the sliding sleeve 602 in the elastic sliding sleeve assembly 6 is sleeved on the outside of the head connecting tube 501. The elastic fins 605 on it are attached to the outer wall of the flexible fins 502, providing elastic support for the soft flexible fins 502, ensuring that it maintains a stable shape during insertion and avoiding deformation or bending due to compression of the tracheal wall. When the flexible catheter section 2 is inserted into the trachea to a predetermined depth, the operator introduces positive pressure gas into the head connection tube 501 at the head end of the flexible catheter section 2 through the inner integrated tube assembly 7. The gas pressure overcomes the elastic tension of the insert 503 and pushes the insert 503 and the flexible head 505 outward. As the insert 503 extends outward, the locking ramp 510, which is uniformly fixed to its outer wall, and the limiting ramp 508 on the inner wall of the flexible fin 502 form a sliding engagement on an inclined surface. As the insert 503 continues to move outward, when the through hole 511 on the side wall of the head end of the insert 503 is completely exposed outside the head connecting tube 501 and the flexible fin 502, the limiting ramp 508 just engages with one side of the locking ramp 510, achieving self-locking and locking the insert 503 in the extended state. At this time, since the elastic fin 605 still supports the flexible fin 502, the limiting ramp 508 can stably maintain the engagement with the locking ramp 510, preventing the insert 503 from retracting. At this time, the positive pressure gas not only completed the push-out of the tube 503, but also provided the poultry with a brief oxygen supply before rinsing to maintain their respiratory needs. After the intubation tube 503 is extended into place, the through hole 511 is located in a suitable position inside the trachea; the operator switches to the irrigation mode through the inner integrated tube assembly 7, and the irrigation fluid flows out evenly from the through hole 511 to fully rinse the inner wall of the trachea and wash away the attached secretions, pathogens and other sample components. After irrigation is completed, the inner integrated tube assembly 7 switches to negative pressure mode, and the irrigation fluid containing the sample is drawn back into the collection container through the through hole 511 by negative pressure suction, thus completing the collection of tracheal irrigation fluid. Furthermore, after the lavage solution is injected, it should be aspirated immediately, and the liquid should not remain in the trachea for more than 30 seconds. This is because the lavage solution is usually sterile saline, and prolonged retention in the trachea will irritate the airway mucosa, which may cause severe coughing or discomfort in poultry and increase the risk of operation. After collection, the flexible duct section 2, along with the elastic duct head assembly 5 and the elastic sliding sleeve assembly 6, is slowly pulled out of the avian trachea, and the support section 1 is removed from the beak. Subsequently, the operator manually pushes the sliding sleeve 602 away from the flexible fin 502, causing the elastic fin 605 to disengage from the support of the flexible fin 502. Since the flexible fin 502 is made of soft material, its rigidity decreases after losing support. At this time, applying an appropriate pushing force to the flexible head 505 will disengage the limiting ramp 508 from the locking ramp 510, and the insert 503 will automatically retract and reset into the head connecting tube 501 under the action of elastic tension, and the flexible head 505 will also retract accordingly. After the 503 insert is reset, it can be disinfected. You can choose an appropriate disinfection method (such as soaking disinfection, high temperature sterilization, etc.) to thoroughly clean and disinfect it for the next use.

[0014] The specific structures of the flexible catheter section 2, the flexible tube 3, and the positioning and securing assembly 4 are as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the catheter body 201 is the main body of the flexible catheter section 2. The scale line 202 is set along the axis of the catheter body 201. The positioning clip 403 is sleeved on the outside of the catheter body 201 and is released and locked on the catheter body 201 by the pressure block 407. The scale line 202 and the positioning clip 403 cooperate to indicate the depth of the flexible catheter section 2 inserted into the trachea. The end of the catheter body 201 is also connected to a hose 3. The hose 3 and the catheter body 201 form an integral continuous channel. The operating end can be extended to the outside of the poultry through the hose 3, which makes it convenient for operators to perform operations such as injecting irrigation fluid and negative pressure back suction. The external ear seat 401 is fixed to one end of the support part 1, and the locking hole 402 is opened in the body of the external ear seat 401; A rotating base 404 is symmetrically fixedly installed in the main body of the positioning clip 403. A rotating shaft 405 is fixed to the inner end of the rotating arm 406. The rotating shaft 405 is screwed into the rotating base 404. The pressure block 407 is fixed in the middle of the rotating shaft 405. Both ends of the rotating shaft 405 are fixed with eccentric bosses 409, and both outer sides of the positioning clip 403 are fixed with side brackets 410. Each side bracket 410 has a groove with a smooth transition between the opening slot 411 and the locking slot 412 on one side, which is used to position the locking position and the release position of the pressure block 407. When the rotating arm 406 is rotated so that the eccentric protrusions 409 on both sides are engaged in the opening slot 411, the pressure block 407 is in the released position. When the eccentric protrusions 409 are engaged in the locking slot 412, the pressure block 407 is in the locked position of the catheter body 201. Furthermore, the starting end of the smooth transition groove formed by the opening slot 411 and the locking slot 412 is provided with a limiting step, so that the eccentric boss 409 can only move within the range of the smooth transition groove formed by the opening slot 411 and the locking slot 412. A clip 408 is also fixed on one side of the pressure block 407; After the pressure block 407 is in the position of locking the catheter body 201, the buckle 408 can be rotated to the position where the buckle body faces outward. After locking the positioning clip 403 in the position corresponding to the outer wall of the catheter body 201 according to the insertion depth and the indication of the scale line 202, as the flexible catheter part 2 is inserted into the trachea, and during the insertion process, the flexible catheter part 2 is twisted and rotated according to the actual situation, the buckle 408 can be gradually adjusted to the position directly opposite the external ear seat 401 as the flexible catheter part 2 rotates. After the flexible catheter part 2 and its head elastic catheter head assembly 5 are inserted into the trachea, one side of the positioning clip 403 is close to the end of the support part 1, and the buckle body of the buckle 408 can be elastically inserted into the clip hole 402. The pressure block 407, the buckle 408 and the side seat 410 are all made of silicone, and the hardness of the side seat 410 is greater than that of the pressure block 407, so that the snap-fit ​​between the eccentric boss 409 and the locking groove 412 can form the control of the pressure block 407 to lock the outer wall of the catheter body 201. The buckle 408 has a chamfer at the apex of the hole 402 to facilitate the deformation of the buckle 408 and its insertion into the hole 402.

[0015] The specific structures of the elastic catheter head assembly 5 and the elastic sliding sleeve assembly 6 are as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the outer wall of the end of the insert 503 is fitted with a sealing ring 506. The insert 503 is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the head connecting pipe 501 through the sealing ring 506, so that only the through hole 511 serves as the flow channel. An inner retaining ring 512 is fixed to the end of the inner wall of the head connecting tube 501. An elastic element 507 is connected between the end of the insert 503 and the inner retaining ring 512. The elastic element 507 is a component with elastic tension, including but not limited to a tension spring, elastic rope or elastic rubber ring, which can provide elastic tension for the sliding fit between the insert 503 and the head connecting tube 501. The outer wall of the head end of the insert 503 is evenly provided with sliding grooves 509, and the snap-fit ​​ramp 510 is fixed in the sliding groove 509. The sliding groove 509 provides installation space for the snap-fit ​​ramp 510 and plays a guiding role during the extension or retraction of the insert 503, ensuring that the snap-fit ​​ramp 510 moves along the predetermined trajectory and avoids deviation or jamming. When the insert 503 extends, the locking ramp 510 moves with the insert 503. The inclined surface of the limiting ramp 508 and the inclined surface of the locking ramp 510 form a sliding tangential engagement within the path defined by the sliding groove 509, until the limiting ramp 508 passes over the locking ramp 510 and is locked to one side, thus achieving a safe lock. An elastic locking platform 504 is fixed between the head end of the insert 503 and the flexible head 505. The flexible head 505, the elastic locking platform 504 and the insert 503 form a stepped structure, which allows the elastic locking platform 504 to be inserted into the head end of the support part 1 in the initial state. At this time, the flexible tube part 2, the elastic tube head assembly 5 and the support part 1 temporarily form an integral structure. When operating, the support part 1 is first stably inserted into the beak of the bird. After the support part 1 forms a stable opening action on the beak, the elastic locking platform 504 can be disengaged from the head end of the support part 1 by pushing the end of the flexible tube part 2, so that the elastic tube head assembly 5 can be inserted into the trachea along with the flexible tube part 2. The sliding pins 601 are evenly fixed to the outer wall of the head connecting pipe 501. The sliding sleeve 602 has evenly opened sliding grooves 603 in its main body. The sliding pins 601 on the same side are slidably connected in the sliding grooves 603. The elastic sleeve 604 is connected between the end of the sliding sleeve 602 and the head end of the conduit body 201, and can provide the sliding sleeve 602 with supporting elastic force towards the flexible fin 502 side.

[0016] The specific structure of the internal integrated tube assembly 7 is as follows: Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, the positive pressure tube 701, the tank washing tube 702, and the negative pressure back suction tube 703 are arranged side by side and are all inserted into the inner cavity of the conduit body 201 and the hose 3; The head connecting pipe 501 is equipped with an integrated connecting pipe 706 inside. The integrated connecting pipe 706 is connected to the positive pressure pipe 701, the tank washing pipe 702 and the negative pressure back suction pipe 703 respectively through the branch pipes 708 evenly distributed at one end. The connection positions of the positive pressure pipe 701 and the tank washing pipe 702 with the branch pipes 708 are all equipped with elastic check valves 707, which only allow gas to flow unidirectionally from the positive pressure pipe 701 to the integrated connecting pipe 706, and liquid to flow unidirectionally from the tank washing pipe 702 to the integrated connecting pipe 706. An internal partition 709 is fixed inside the integrated connecting pipe 706, which divides the inside of the integrated connecting pipe 706 into a positive pressure chamber 711 and a negative pressure chamber 712. The positive pressure chamber 711 is connected to the positive pressure pipe 701 and the tank washing pipe 702, and the negative pressure chamber 712 is connected to the negative pressure return suction pipe 703. The irregularly shaped resilient check valve 710 is installed at the outlet position of the positive pressure chamber 711; The flexible check valve 707 is designed to prevent the cross-contamination of positive pressure gas and irrigation fluid, ensuring the independence of each channel. The irregularly shaped flexible check valve 710 prevents gas and liquid from accidentally entering the negative pressure chamber 712. Furthermore, the connection between the integrated connecting pipe 706 and the positive pressure pipe 701, the tank washing pipe 702 and the negative pressure return suction pipe 703 via the branch pipe 708 will not interfere with the expansion and contraction of the elastic element 507. A negative pressure bottle cap 704 is connected to the end of the negative pressure back suction tube 703, and the collection bottle 705 is detachably connected to the negative pressure bottle cap 704. The ends of the positive pressure pipe 701, the tank washing pipe 702 and the negative pressure back suction pipe 703 are respectively connected to the external positive pressure air supply device, the washing liquid supply device and the negative pressure back suction device. Furthermore, under positive pressure supply and irrigation conditions, the pressure is sufficient to open the elastic check valve 707 and the irregular elastic check valve 710. When the irregular elastic check valve 710 is open, the side of the outlet of the irregular elastic check valve 710 near the inner partition 709 will deform towards the negative pressure chamber 712, blocking the outlet of the negative pressure chamber 712. This allows the positive pressure gas or irrigation fluid to flow only from the irregular elastic check valve 710 towards the elastic locking platform 504. When the gas reaches the appropriate set pressure, it can overcome the tension of the elastic element 507 and push out the insert 503 and the flexible head 505. After the limiting inclined platform 508 forms a locking engagement with the locking inclined platform 510, the release action of the insert 503 and the flexible head 505 is completed. After rinsing is completed, the negative pressure back suction device applies negative pressure through the negative pressure back suction pipe 703. The negative pressure is transmitted through the negative pressure back suction pipe 703 and the branch pipe 708 to the negative pressure chamber 712 of the integrated connecting pipe 706. After the positive pressure disappears, the irregular elastic check valve 710 and the elastic check valve 707 are reset by their own elasticity, closing the outlet of the positive pressure chamber 711 and opening the inlet of the negative pressure chamber 712. The rinsing fluid containing the sampling target is drawn into the negative pressure back suction pipe 703 through the through hole 511, the inside of the insert 503, the negative pressure chamber 712 of the integrated connecting pipe 706, and the branch pipe 708 under the negative pressure suction, and finally flows into the collection bottle 705 through the negative pressure bottle cap 704, completing the collection of the rinsing fluid. Furthermore, the set capacity of the collection bottle 705 is several times larger than the back-suction flushing fluid that needs to be received. When the flushing fluid is drawn out along the negative pressure back-suction tube 703 under the action of negative pressure and enters the collection bottle 705, it will be deposited at the bottom of the bottle under the action of gravity and will not continue to flow towards the negative pressure back-suction device. After use, a small amount of air, flushing fluid, or gas-liquid mixture may remain on the inner walls of the positive pressure pipe 701, tank flushing pipe 702, and negative pressure back suction pipe 703. If not cleaned, this may lead to cross-contamination, pipe blockage, or decreased functional stability. To eliminate adverse effects, after operation, clean gas or cleaning fluid should be introduced into each pipe for reverse purging or flushing. After the residual media is discharged, disinfection and sterilization treatment should be carried out.

[0017] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry, comprising a support part (1) and a flexible catheter part (2), wherein the support part (1) is sleeved on the outside of the flexible catheter part (2); Its features are: It also includes a positioning and securing assembly (4), an elastic conduit head assembly (5), an elastic sliding sleeve assembly (6), and an inner integrated tube assembly (7). The positioning and securing assembly (4) includes a pressure block (407). The elastic conduit head assembly (5) includes a flexible head (505), a limiting ramp (508), and a through hole (511). The elastic sliding sleeve assembly (6) includes a sliding sleeve (602) and an elastic fin (605). A positioning clip (403) is also sleeved on the outside of the flexible conduit part (2). The pressure block (407) is screwed into the positioning clip (403). Rotating the pressure block (407) can form a pressing and releasing action on the flexible conduit part (2). A head connecting tube (501) is fixedly connected to the head end of the flexible conduit part (2). The head end of the head connecting tube (501) is uniformly fixed. The device has flexible fins (502), and a limiting ramp (508) is fixed to the inner wall of the flexible fins (502); the inner wall of the head connecting tube (501) is elastically pulled and slidably inserted with a tube (503), and a flexible head (505) is fixed to the head end of the tube (503). The outer wall of the tube (503) is uniformly fixed with a snap-fit ​​ramp (510), and through holes (511) are uniformly opened on the side wall of the head end of the tube (503); the sliding sleeve (602) is outwardly elastically slidably connected to the outer wall of the head connecting tube (501), and the elastic fins (605) are uniformly fixed to the head end of the sliding sleeve (602); the inner integrated tube assembly (7) is located inside the flexible conduit part (2) and the head connecting tube (501), and can form three states: positive pressure blowing, irrigation and negative pressure back suction. When the flexible catheter section (2) is inserted into the trachea to a predetermined depth, the operator introduces positive pressure gas into the head connecting tube (501) at the head end of the flexible catheter section (2) through the inner integrated tube assembly (7). The gas pressure overcomes the elastic tension of the insert (503) and pushes the insert (503) and the flexible head (505) to move outward. During the outward extension of the insert (503), the locking ramp (510) uniformly fixed to its outer wall and the limiting ramp (508) on the inner wall of the flexible fin (502) form a sliding fit on the inclined surface. As the insert (503) continues to move outward, when the through hole (511) on the side wall of the head end of the insert (503) is completely exposed outside the head connecting tube (501) and the flexible fin (502), the limiting ramp (508) just locks into one side of the locking ramp (510), achieving self-locking and locking the insert (503) in the extended state. At this time, since the elastic fin (605) still supports the flexible fin (502), the limiting ramp (508) can stably maintain the locking of the locking ramp (510) and prevent the insert (503) from retracting.

2. The respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible catheter section (2) includes a catheter body (201) and a scale line (202). The scale line (202) is set along the axis of the catheter body (201). The positioning clip (403) is sleeved on the outside of the catheter body (201) and can be released and locked on the catheter body (201) by the pressure block (407). The scale line (202) cooperates with the positioning clip (403). The end of the catheter body (201) is also connected to a flexible tube (3).

3. A respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning and securing assembly (4) also includes an outer ear seat (401), a locking hole (402), and a rotating arm (406). The outer ear seat (401) is fixed to one end of the support part (1). The locking hole (402) is opened in the main body of the outer ear seat (401). A rotating seat (404) is symmetrically fixed in the main body of the positioning clamp (403). A rotating shaft (405) is fixed to the inner end of the rotating arm (406). The rotating shaft (405) is screwed onto the rotating arm. Inside the seat (404), the pressure block (407) is fixed to the middle of the rotating shaft (405). Both ends of the rotating shaft (405) are fixed with eccentric bosses (409). The two outer sides of the positioning clip (403) are fixed with side card seats (410). Each side card seat (410) has a groove with a smooth transition between the opening slot (411) and the locking slot (412) on one side. The pressure block (407) is also fixed with a buckle (408) on one side.

4. A respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The flexible catheter head assembly (5) also includes a sliding groove (509), an inherent sealing ring (506) on the outer wall of the end of the insert (503), the insert (503) is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the head connecting tube (501) through the sealing ring (506), an inner retaining ring (512) is fixed at the end of the inner wall of the head connecting tube (501), an elastic element (507) is connected between the end of the insert (503) and the inner retaining ring (512), the sliding groove (509) is evenly opened on the outer wall of the head end of the insert (503), the locking ramp (510) is fixed in the sliding groove (509), and an elastic locking platform (504) is also fixed between the head end of the insert (503) and the flexible head (505).

5. A respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The elastic sliding sleeve assembly (6) also includes a locking pin (601) and an elastic sleeve (604). The locking pin (601) is uniformly fixed to the outer wall of the head connecting tube (501). The sliding sleeve (602) has a locking groove (603) uniformly opened in its main body. The locking pin (601) on the same side is slidably connected in the locking groove (603). The elastic sleeve (604) is connected between the end of the sliding sleeve (602) and the head end of the catheter body (201).

6. A respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The internal integrated tubing assembly (7) includes a positive pressure tube (701), a tank washing tube (702), and a negative pressure back suction tube (703). The positive pressure tube (701), the tank washing tube (702), and the negative pressure back suction tube (703) are arranged side by side and are inserted into the inner cavity of the conduit body (201) and the hose (3).

7. A respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry according to claim 6, characterized in that: The internal integrated pipe assembly (7) includes a branch pipe (708), a non-return valve (710), a positive pressure chamber (711), and a negative pressure chamber (712). The head connecting pipe (501) has an integrated connecting pipe (706) inside. The integrated connecting pipe (706) is connected to the positive pressure pipe (701), the tank washing pipe (702), and the negative pressure back suction pipe (703) respectively through the branch pipes (708) evenly distributed at one end. The positive pressure pipe (701) and the tank washing pipe (702) are connected to the branch pipe (708). All connection points are equipped with flexible check valves (707). An internal partition (709) is fixed inside the integrated connecting pipe (706), which divides the inside of the integrated connecting pipe (706) into a positive pressure chamber (711) and a negative pressure chamber (712). The positive pressure chamber (711) is connected to the positive pressure pipe (701) and the tank washing pipe (702), and the negative pressure chamber (712) is connected to the negative pressure back suction pipe (703). A special-shaped flexible check valve (710) is installed at the outlet of the positive pressure chamber (711).

8. A respiratory tract sampler for collecting tracheal lavage fluid from poultry according to claim 7, characterized in that: The internal integrated tube assembly (7) includes a collection bottle (705), and a negative pressure bottle cap (704) is connected to the end of the negative pressure back suction tube (703). The collection bottle (705) and the negative pressure bottle cap (704) are detachably connected.

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