Battery fine disassembly exhaust gas treatment device and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a waste gas treatment device for battery fine disassembly and a treatment method thereof, which comprises the following parts: an alkali washing spraying device, a secondary alkali washing spraying device, a secondary spraying tank, a standby filler supporting plate installed in the secondary spraying tank, an isolation pipe connected to the middle part of the standby filler supporting plate upwards, a first standby filler layer filled in the isolation pipe, a second standby filler layer filled around the isolation pipe, a hydrogen fluoride monitoring assembly, an air outlet pipe connected to the top of the spraying tank, a hydrogen fluoride sensor installed on the air outlet pipe, three air guide pipes connected in parallel to the air outlet pipe through three second automatic valves, one air guide pipe connected to the secondary spraying tank on the upside of the first standby filler layer, another air guide pipe connected to the bottom side of the first standby filler layer, and the other air guide pipe connected to the bottom side of the second standby filler layer. The application can effectively reduce the neutralization and absorption cost of the acidic gas while ensuring the overall removal effect of the acidic gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hazardous waste gas treatment technology in battery dismantling and recycling, specifically to a waste gas treatment device and treatment method for battery dismantling. Background Technology

[0002] The waste gas generated during the refined dismantling of batteries is complex in composition and highly toxic, requiring multi-stage synergistic purification processes to ensure emissions meet standards and personnel safety. Key pollutants include VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and acidic gases (such as HF and HCl). These waste gases cannot be directly discharged to the outside and must undergo treatment before being released into the atmosphere.

[0003] Existing methods for treating exhaust gas from battery dismantling mainly involve thorough alkaline scrubbing to neutralize and absorb acidic gases in the exhaust gas. After drying, the exhaust gas is then passed through an activated carbon purifier to remove VOCs. The activated carbon in the purifier needs to be regenerated periodically, and the gas produced during regeneration is then discharged after catalytic combustion. Due to significant differences in the quality of raw materials from different batches of battery packs, the content of acidic gases, especially HF, in the exhaust gas generated during the dismantling process varies considerably. Existing alkaline scrubbing devices for battery dismantling operate in a fixed manner during the neutralization and absorption of exhaust gas. This results in either insufficient removal of acidic gases compared to design requirements or excessive alkaline scrubbing, leading to wasted costs and causing considerable inconvenience.

[0004] Therefore, the research objective of this invention is to design a waste gas treatment device and method for battery dismantling that can effectively monitor the gas after alkaline washing and spraying in real time, and effectively adjust the subsequent neutralization and absorption process based on the monitoring data, so as to ensure the overall removal effect of acidic gas while effectively reducing the neutralization and absorption cost of acidic gas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a battery disassembly exhaust gas treatment device and treatment method, which can effectively solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: A waste gas treatment device for battery dismantling includes: An alkaline scrubbing spray device is used to perform a primary alkaline scrubbing on exhaust gas. The alkaline scrubbing spray device includes a spray tank equipped with an exhaust gas inlet pipe, and a variable frequency pump is installed inside the spray tank to pump alkaline scrubbing liquid into the spray tank. A secondary alkaline washing spray device includes a secondary spray tank with an exhaust pipe at the top. A spare packing support plate is fixedly installed inside the secondary spray tank. The spare packing support plate is evenly provided with a number of corresponding guide holes. A corresponding isolation pipe is connected to the middle of the spare packing support plate facing upward. A first spare packing layer is filled inside the isolation pipe, and a second spare packing layer is filled around the isolation pipe. A first spare spray head and a second spare spray head are respectively provided on the upper side of the first spare packing layer and the second spare packing layer. The first spare spray head and the second spare spray head are respectively connected in parallel to the outlet end of the variable frequency pump through a corresponding first automatic valve. The hydrogen fluoride monitoring component includes an outlet pipe connected to the top of the spray tank. A corresponding hydrogen fluoride sensor is fixedly installed on the outlet pipe. The outlet end of the outlet pipe is connected in parallel to three gas guide pipes through three corresponding second automatic valves. One gas guide pipe is connected to the secondary spray tank above the first spare packing layer, another gas guide pipe is connected to the bottom side of the first spare packing layer, and the third gas guide pipe is connected to the bottom side of the second spare packing layer.

[0007] The spray tank is fixedly equipped with a corresponding packing layer, and multiple spray heads are provided on the upper side of the packing layer. The spray heads are connected to the alkaline washing solution storage area located on the bottom side of the spray tank through the variable frequency pump.

[0008] A packing support plate is fixedly installed inside the spray tank at the bottom of the packing layer. The packing support plate is divided into an annular isolation zone and an air guiding zone located in the middle of the annular isolation zone. A number of corresponding air vents are evenly distributed in the air guiding zone. A corresponding isolation shell is fixedly embedded in the middle of the upper part of the packing layer. The upper and lower end faces of the isolation shell are respectively set in a mesh shape. A corresponding liquid permeable air guiding plate is rotatably installed in the middle of the isolation shell. A number of corresponding constricted liquid permeable holes are evenly distributed downwards on the liquid permeable plate. A corresponding hollow float is movably installed on the upper part of each constricted liquid permeable hole. The liquid permeable air guiding plate is driven to rotate by a corresponding driving mechanism.

[0009] The drive mechanism includes a drive shaft rotatably mounted on the isolation housing, the drive shaft extending through to the outside of the spray tank and being drively connected to the output shaft end of a corresponding drive motor.

[0010] The filling space of the second spare packing layer is larger than that of the first spare packing layer. The top of the secondary spray tank is equipped with a corresponding demister. The exhaust pipe on the secondary spray tank is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding drying tower through an exhaust fan. The exhaust gas after being dried by the drying tower enters the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption and is then discharged.

[0011] The activated carbon adsorption device includes a set of corresponding activated carbon adsorption tanks, each containing a corresponding type of activated carbon. The inlet of each set of activated carbon adsorption tanks is connected to a corresponding first three-way pipe. One end of the first three-way pipe is connected in parallel to the outlet of the drying tower via a third automatic valve, and the other end is connected in parallel to an external regeneration gas source via a corresponding fourth automatic valve. The outlet of each set of activated carbon adsorption tanks is connected to a corresponding second three-way pipe. One end of the second three-way pipe is connected to an external exhaust pipe via a corresponding fifth automatic valve, and the other end is connected to the inlet of a corresponding catalytic combustion furnace via a corresponding sixth automatic valve. A corresponding VOCs detector is installed at the end of the second three-way pipe connected to the external exhaust pipe.

[0012] The VOCs content in the gas entering the external exhaust pipe is monitored by a VOCs detector. When the VOCs content is higher than the set value, the fourth automatic valve of the first three-way pipe and the sixth automatic valve of the second three-way pipe on the corresponding activated carbon adsorption tank are opened. The external regenerated gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tank to regenerate the activated carbon and then is discharged into the catalytic combustion furnace for combustion treatment. The third automatic valve of the first three-way pipe and the fifth automatic valve of the second three-way pipe on another activated carbon adsorption tank are opened to adsorb the dried exhaust gas with activated carbon before it is discharged.

[0013] The inlet of the variable frequency pump is connected to the outlet of the corresponding dosing tank through a corresponding seventh automatic valve.

[0014] The bottom end of the isolation tube extends through to the bottom side of the spare packing support plate and connects to the exhaust end of the corresponding air duct.

[0015] A method for treating exhaust gas from battery disassembly, based on the battery disassembly exhaust gas treatment device described in Embodiment 1 above, includes the following specific steps: S1, the exhaust gas from battery dismantling enters the spray tank through the exhaust gas inlet pipe. The variable frequency pump starts to draw alkaline washing solution into the spray tank, so that the alkaline washing solution comes into contact with the exhaust gas from battery dismantling to neutralize and absorb the acidic gas in the exhaust gas. S2, The hydrogen fluoride sensor of the hydrogen fluoride monitoring component is used to monitor the exhaust gas from the battery dismantling after neutralization and absorption. When the hydrogen fluoride content reaches the emission standard, proceed to step S3; when the hydrogen fluoride content is higher than the emission standard but lower than the set value ρ1, proceed to step S4; when the hydrogen fluoride content is higher than ρ1, proceed to step S5. S3, the second automatic valve on the gas guide pipe connected to the upper side of the first spare packing layer in the secondary spray tank is opened, and the battery fine dismantling waste gas after neutralization and absorption is dried and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption before being discharged. S4, the second automatic valve on the air guide pipe connected to the bottom side of the first backup packing layer is opened, the first automatic valve on the first backup spray head is opened, and the battery dismantling exhaust gas after neutralization and absorption enters the first backup packing layer for permeation and discharge, so as to perform short-range secondary alkaline washing on the battery dismantling exhaust gas after neutralization and absorption. After secondary alkaline washing, the battery dismantling exhaust gas is dried by a demister and a drying tower, and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption before being discharged. S5, the second automatic valve on the air guide pipe connected to the bottom side of the second backup packing layer is opened, and the first automatic valve on the second backup spray head is opened. The battery dismantling exhaust gas after neutralization and absorption enters the second backup packing layer for permeation and discharge, so as to perform long-distance secondary alkaline washing on the battery dismantling exhaust gas after neutralization and absorption. After secondary alkaline washing, the battery dismantling exhaust gas is dried by a demister and a drying tower, and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption before being discharged.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) This invention adds a secondary alkaline scrubbing spray device and a hydrogen fluoride monitoring component to the basic alkaline scrubbing spray device. During the discharge process of the waste gas neutralized and absorbed by the alkaline scrubbing spray device, the hydrogen fluoride content is monitored in real time by a hydrogen fluoride sensor in the hydrogen fluoride monitoring component. Based on the monitoring results, when the hydrogen fluoride content reaches the emission standard, the second automatic valve on the gas guide pipe connected to the upper side of the first backup packing layer opens. After drying, the neutralized and absorbed waste gas is discharged into a corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption before being discharged. When the hydrogen fluoride content is higher than the emission standard but lower than the set value, the second automatic valve on the gas guide pipe connected to the bottom side of the first backup packing layer opens, and the first backup... The first automatic valve on the spray head opens, allowing the neutralized and absorbed waste gas to permeate upwards from the bottom of the first backup packing layer for a short-range secondary alkaline wash. After drying, the waste gas is discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption before being discharged. When the hydrogen fluoride content exceeds a set value, the second automatic valve on the gas guide pipe connected to the bottom of the second backup packing layer opens, and the first automatic valve on the second backup spray head opens, allowing the neutralized and absorbed waste gas to permeate upwards from the bottom of the second backup packing layer for a long-range secondary alkaline wash. After drying, the waste gas is discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption before being discharged.

[0017] This allows for real-time monitoring of the gas after alkaline scrubbing and spraying, and timely adjustments to the subsequent neutralization and absorption process based on the monitoring data. This ensures the overall removal of acidic gases while effectively reducing the cost of neutralization and absorption.

[0018] 2) A packing support plate is fixedly installed inside the spray tank on the bottom side of the packing layer of the present invention. The packing support plate is divided into an annular isolation zone and an air guiding zone located in the middle of the annular isolation zone. A number of corresponding air vents are evenly distributed in the air guiding zone. A corresponding isolation shell is fixedly embedded in the middle of the upper part of the packing layer. The upper and lower end faces of the isolation shell are respectively set in a mesh shape. A corresponding liquid permeable air guiding plate is rotatably installed in the middle of the isolation shell. A number of corresponding constricted liquid permeable holes are evenly distributed downward on the liquid permeable plate. A corresponding hollow float is movably installed on the upper part of the constricted liquid permeable holes. The liquid permeable air guiding plate is rotated by a corresponding driving mechanism. During the process of neutralization and absorption of waste gas through the spray tank, the waste gas first permeates upward through the gas guiding zone. Under the obstruction of the liquid-permeable gas guiding plate in the isolation shell, the waste gas diffuses around and then flows upward to further contact with the atomized alkaline washing liquid. This effectively and significantly improves the diffusivity of the waste gas in the packing layer, thereby helping to increase the contact rate between the waste gas and the alkaline washing liquid on the surface of the packing, thus improving the neutralization and absorption effect of acidic gases in the waste gas.

[0019] 3) The alkaline washing liquid sprayed by the spray head onto the location of the isolation shell is concentrated on the liquid-permeable guide plate. After the alkaline washing liquid enters the constricted liquid-permeable hole, the hollow float floats up, and the alkaline washing liquid flows downward to the corresponding packing to ensure the normal distribution of the alkaline washing liquid. The setting of the hollow float can effectively help increase the pressure of the alkaline washing liquid stored in the constricted liquid-permeable hole. After the alkaline washing liquid leaves the constricted liquid-permeable hole, it can also seal the constricted liquid-permeable hole in time to prevent the exhaust gas from breaking through the constricted liquid-permeable hole and flowing directly upward, thereby ensuring that the exhaust gas can diffuse and flow smoothly in the packing layer.

[0020] 4) The second three-way pipe of the present invention is connected to one end of the external exhaust pipe and a corresponding VOCs detector is installed. The VOCs detector monitors the VOCs content in the gas entering the external exhaust pipe. When the VOCs content is higher than the set value, the activated carbon adsorption tank switches to the regeneration state, while the other activated carbon adsorption tank is in the adsorption state, so as to ensure the continuous and effective operation of the activated carbon adsorption process.

[0021] 5) The exhaust gas from battery dismantling treated by this invention not only meets reasonable emission requirements, but the precise operation during the exhaust gas treatment process can significantly reduce the cost of exhaust gas treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the alkaline washing spray device and the secondary alkaline washing spray device.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the isolation shell and the liquid-permeable gas guide plate.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon adsorption device.

[0026] In the attached diagram: Alkaline washing spray device 1, spray tank 101, packing layer 102, exhaust gas inlet pipe 103, spray head 104, variable frequency pump 105, alkaline washing liquid storage area 106, secondary alkaline washing spray device 2, exhaust pipe 201, secondary spray tank 202, spare packing support plate 203, isolation pipe 204, first spare packing layer 205, second spare packing layer 206, first spare spray head 207, second spare spray head 208, first automatic valve 209, hydrogen fluoride monitoring component 3, gas outlet pipe 301, hydrogen fluoride sensor 302, second automatic valve 4, gas guide pipe 5, packing support plate 6, annular isolation area 601, gas guide area 602, Isolation shell; 7, Liquid permeable gas guide plate; 8, Narrowed liquid permeable hole; 801, Hollow float; 9, Drive mechanism; 10, Drive shaft; 1001, Drive motor; 1002, Demister; 11, Exhaust fan; 12, Drying tower; 13, Activated carbon adsorption device; 14, Activated carbon adsorption tank; 1401, Activated carbon; 1402, First three-way pipe; 1403, Third automatic valve; 1404, Fourth automatic valve; 1405, Second three-way pipe; 1406, Fifth automatic valve; 1407, Sixth automatic valve; 1408, External regeneration gas source; 15, External exhaust pipe; 16, Catalytic combustion furnace; 17, Seventh automatic valve; 18, Dosing tank; 19, VOCs detector; 20. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] Example 1: refer to Figure 1-4 A waste gas treatment device for battery disassembly, comprising: Alkaline washing spray device 1 is used to perform a primary alkaline washing on exhaust gas. The alkaline washing spray device 1 includes a spray tank 101 with an exhaust gas inlet pipe 103. The spray tank 101 is equipped with a variable frequency pump 105 for pumping alkaline washing liquid into the spray tank 101. The secondary alkaline washing spray device 2 includes a secondary spray tank 202 with an exhaust pipe 201 at the top. A spare packing support plate 203 is fixedly installed inside the secondary spray tank 202. A plurality of corresponding guide holes are evenly distributed on the spare packing support plate 203, and a corresponding isolation pipe 204 is connected to the middle of the spare packing support plate 203 facing upward. A first spare packing layer 205 is filled inside the isolation pipe 204, and a second spare packing layer 206 is filled around the isolation pipe 204. A first spare spray head 207 and a second spare spray head 208 are respectively provided on the upper side of the first spare packing layer 205 and the second spare packing layer 206. The first spare spray head 207 and the second spare spray head 208 are respectively connected in parallel to the liquid outlet of the variable frequency pump 105 through a corresponding first automatic valve 209. The hydrogen fluoride monitoring component 3 includes an outlet pipe 301 connected to the top of the spray tank 101. A corresponding hydrogen fluoride sensor 302 is fixedly installed on the outlet pipe 301. The outlet end of the outlet pipe 301 is connected in parallel to three gas guide pipes 5 through three corresponding second automatic valves 4. One gas guide pipe 5 is connected to the secondary spray tank 202 above the first spare packing layer 205, another gas guide pipe 5 is connected to the bottom side of the first spare packing layer 205, and the third gas guide pipe 5 is connected to the bottom side of the second spare packing layer 206.

[0029] This invention adds a secondary alkaline scrubbing spray device 2 and a hydrogen fluoride monitoring component 3 to the basic alkaline scrubbing spray device 1. During the discharge process of the waste gas neutralized and absorbed by the alkaline scrubbing spray device 1, the hydrogen fluoride content is monitored in real time by the hydrogen fluoride sensor 302 of the hydrogen fluoride monitoring component 3. Based on the monitoring results, when the hydrogen fluoride content reaches the emission standard, the second automatic valve 4 on the gas guide pipe 5 connected to the upper side of the first backup packing layer 205 opens. After drying, the neutralized and absorbed waste gas is discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption before being discharged. When the hydrogen fluoride content is higher than the emission standard but lower than the set value, the second automatic valve 4 on the gas guide pipe 5 connected to the bottom side of the first backup packing layer 205 opens, and the first backup spray... The first automatic valve 4 on the shower head 207 opens, allowing the neutralized and absorbed waste gas to permeate upwards from the bottom 205 side of the first backup packing layer for a short-range secondary alkaline wash of the battery dismantling waste gas. After the secondary alkaline wash, the waste gas is dried and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption before being discharged. When the hydrogen fluoride content is higher than the set value, the second automatic valve 4 on the gas guide pipe 5 connected to the bottom side of the second backup packing layer 206 opens, and the first automatic valve 209 on the second backup shower head 208 opens, allowing the neutralized and absorbed waste gas to permeate upwards from the bottom side of the second backup packing layer 206 for a long-range secondary alkaline wash. After the secondary alkaline wash, the waste gas is dried and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device for adsorption before being discharged.

[0030] This allows for real-time monitoring of the gas after alkaline scrubbing and spraying, and timely adjustments to the subsequent neutralization and absorption process based on the monitoring data. This ensures the overall removal of acidic gases while effectively reducing the cost of neutralization and absorption.

[0031] The spray tank 101 is fixedly provided with a corresponding packing layer 102, and the spray tank 101 is provided with a plurality of spray heads 104 located on the upper side of the packing layer 102. The spray heads 104 are connected to the alkaline washing liquid storage area 106 located on the bottom side of the spray tank 101 through the variable frequency pump 105.

[0032] A packing support plate 6 is fixedly installed inside the spray tank 101 on the bottom side of the packing layer 102. The packing support plate 6 is divided into an annular isolation zone 601 and an air guiding zone 602 located in the middle of the annular isolation zone 601. A number of corresponding air vents are evenly distributed in the air guiding zone 602. A corresponding isolation shell 7 is fixedly embedded in the upper middle of the packing layer 102. The upper and lower end faces of the isolation shell 7 are respectively arranged in a mesh shape. A corresponding liquid permeable air guiding plate 8 is rotatably installed in the middle of the isolation shell 7. A number of corresponding constricted liquid permeable holes 801 are evenly distributed downwards on the liquid permeable air guiding plate 8. A corresponding hollow float ball 9 is movably arranged on the upper part of the constricted liquid permeable holes 801. The liquid permeable air guiding plate 8 is driven to rotate by a corresponding driving mechanism 10.

[0033] The drive mechanism 10 includes a drive shaft 1001 rotatably mounted on the isolation housing 7. The drive shaft 1001 extends through to the outside of the spray tank 101 and is drively connected to the output shaft end of the corresponding drive motor 1002.

[0034] During the process of neutralization and absorption of waste gas through spray tank 101, the waste gas first permeates upward through the gas guiding zone 602. Under the obstruction of the liquid-permeable gas guiding plate 8 in the isolation shell 7, the waste gas diffuses around and then flows upward to further contact with the atomized alkaline washing liquid. This effectively and significantly improves the diffusivity of the waste gas in the packing layer 102, thereby helping to increase the contact rate between the waste gas and the alkaline washing liquid on the surface of the packing, thus improving the neutralization and absorption effect of acidic gases in the waste gas.

[0035] The alkaline washing liquid sprayed by the spray head 104 onto the location of the isolation shell 7 is concentrated on the liquid-permeable guide plate 8. After the alkaline washing liquid enters the constricted liquid-permeable hole 801, the hollow float 9 floats upward, and the alkaline washing liquid flows downward to the corresponding packing material to ensure the normal distribution of the alkaline washing liquid. The hollow float 9 can effectively help increase the pressure of the alkaline washing liquid stored in the constricted liquid-permeable hole. After the alkaline washing liquid leaves the constricted liquid-permeable hole 801, it can also seal the constricted liquid-permeable hole 801 in time to prevent the exhaust gas from breaking through the constricted liquid-permeable hole 801 and flowing directly upward, thereby ensuring that the exhaust gas can diffuse and flow smoothly in the packing layer 102.

[0036] The filling space of the second spare packing layer 206 is larger than that of the first spare packing layer 205. The top of the secondary spray tank 202 is equipped with a corresponding demister 11. The exhaust pipe 201 on the secondary spray tank 202 is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding drying tower 13 through the exhaust fan 12. The exhaust gas after being dried by the drying tower 13 enters the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device 14 for adsorption and is then discharged.

[0037] The activated carbon adsorption device 14 includes a set of corresponding activated carbon adsorption tanks 1401, each containing activated carbon 1402. The inlet of each set of activated carbon adsorption tanks 1401 is connected to a corresponding first three-way pipe 1403. One end of the first three-way pipe 1403 is connected in parallel to the outlet of the drying tower 13 via a third automatic valve 1404, and the other end is connected in parallel to an external regeneration gas source 15 via a corresponding fourth automatic valve 1405. The outlet of each set of activated carbon adsorption tanks 1401 is connected to a corresponding second three-way pipe 1406. One end of the second three-way pipe 1406 is connected to an external exhaust pipe 16 via a corresponding fifth automatic valve 1407, and the other end is connected to the inlet of a corresponding catalytic combustion furnace 17 via a corresponding sixth automatic valve 1408. A VOCs detector 20 is installed at the end of the second three-way pipe 1406 connected to the external exhaust pipe 16.

[0038] The VOCs content in the gas entering the external exhaust pipe 16 is monitored by the VOCs detector 20. When the VOCs content is higher than the set value, the fourth automatic valve 1405 of the first three-way pipe 1403 and the sixth automatic valve 1408 of the second three-way pipe 1406 on the corresponding activated carbon adsorption tank are opened. The external regenerated gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tank to regenerate the activated carbon and then is discharged into the catalytic combustion furnace 17 for combustion treatment. The third automatic valve 1404 of the first three-way pipe 1403 and the fifth automatic valve 1407 of the second three-way pipe 1406 on another activated carbon adsorption tank are opened to adsorb the dried waste gas with activated carbon before it is discharged.

[0039] The VOCs content in the gas entering the external exhaust pipe 16 is monitored by the VOCs detector 20. When the VOCs content is higher than the set value, the activated carbon adsorption tank 1401 switches to the regeneration state, while the other activated carbon adsorption tank 1401 is in the adsorption state to ensure the continuous and effective operation of the activated carbon adsorption process.

[0040] The inlet of the variable frequency pump 105 is connected to the outlet of the corresponding dosing tank 19 via the corresponding seventh automatic valve 18.

[0041] The bottom end of the isolation pipe 204 extends through to the bottom side of the spare packing support plate 203 and is connected to the exhaust end of the corresponding air guide pipe 5.

[0042] Example 2: A method for treating exhaust gas from battery disassembly, based on the battery disassembly exhaust gas treatment device described in Embodiment 1 above, includes the following specific steps: S1, the exhaust gas from battery dismantling enters the spray tank 101 through the exhaust gas inlet pipe 103. The variable frequency pump 105 starts to pump the alkaline washing solution into the spray tank 101, so that the alkaline washing solution comes into contact with the exhaust gas from battery dismantling to neutralize and absorb the acidic gas in the exhaust gas from battery dismantling. S2, the hydrogen fluoride sensor 302 of the hydrogen fluoride monitoring component 3 monitors the exhaust gas from the battery dismantling after neutralization and absorption. When the hydrogen fluoride content reaches the emission standard, proceed to step S3; when the hydrogen fluoride content is higher than the emission standard but lower than the set value ρ1, proceed to step S4; when the hydrogen fluoride content is higher than ρ1, proceed to step S5. S3, the second automatic valve 4 on the air guide pipe 5 connected to the secondary spray tank 202 on the upper side of the first spare packing layer 205 is opened, and the battery fine dismantling exhaust gas after neutralization and absorption is directly dried by the demister 11 and the drying tower 13, and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device 14 for adsorption before being discharged. S4, the second automatic valve 4 connected to the air guide pipe 5 on the bottom side of the first spare packing layer 205 is opened, and the first automatic valve 209 on the first spare spray head 207 is opened. The battery dismantling exhaust gas after neutralization and absorption enters the first spare packing layer 205 and permeates upward to perform short-range secondary alkaline washing on the battery dismantling exhaust gas after neutralization and absorption. After secondary alkaline washing, the battery dismantling exhaust gas is dried by the demister 11 and the drying tower 13, and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device 14 for adsorption before being discharged. S5, the second automatic valve 4 connected to the air guide pipe 5 on the bottom side of the second backup packing layer 206 is opened, and the first automatic valve 209 on the second backup spray head 208 is opened. The battery dismantling exhaust gas after neutralization and absorption enters the second backup packing layer 206 for permeation and discharge, so as to perform long-distance secondary alkaline washing on the battery dismantling exhaust gas after neutralization and absorption. After secondary alkaline washing, the battery dismantling exhaust gas is dried by the demister 11 and the drying tower 13, and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device 14 for adsorption before being discharged.

[0043] The exhaust gas from battery dismantling treated by this invention not only meets reasonable emission requirements, but the precise operation during the exhaust gas treatment process can also significantly reduce the cost of exhaust gas treatment.

[0044] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas treatment device for battery disassembly, characterized in that, include: Alkali washing spray device (1) is used to perform a primary alkali washing on exhaust gas. The alkali washing spray device (1) includes a spray tank (101) with an exhaust gas inlet pipe (103). The spray tank (101) is equipped with a variable frequency pump (105) for pumping the alkali washing liquid into the spray tank (101). The secondary alkaline washing spray device (2) includes a secondary spray tank (202) with an exhaust pipe (201) on the top. A spare packing support plate (203) is fixedly installed inside the secondary spray tank (202). A number of corresponding guide holes are evenly distributed on the spare packing support plate (203). A corresponding isolation pipe (204) is connected to the middle of the spare packing support plate (203) facing upward. A first spare packing layer (205) is filled inside the isolation pipe (204). A second spare packing layer (206) is filled around the isolation pipe (204). A first spare spray head (207) and a second spare spray head (208) are respectively provided on the upper side of the first spare packing layer (205) and the second spare packing layer (206). The first spare spray head (207) and the second spare spray head (208) are respectively connected in parallel to the outlet end of the variable frequency pump (105) through a corresponding first automatic valve (209). The hydrogen fluoride monitoring component (3) includes an outlet pipe (301) connected to the top of the spray tank (101), a corresponding hydrogen fluoride sensor (302) is fixedly installed on the outlet pipe (301), and the outlet end of the outlet pipe (301) is connected in parallel to three gas guide pipes (5) through three corresponding second automatic valves (4). One gas guide pipe (5) is connected to the secondary spray tank (202) on the upper side of the first spare packing layer (205), another gas guide pipe (5) is connected to the bottom side of the first spare packing layer (205), and another gas guide pipe (5) is connected to the bottom side of the second spare packing layer (206). The spray tank (101) is fixedly provided with a corresponding packing layer (102), and the spray tank (101) is provided with a plurality of spray heads (104) located on the upper side of the packing layer (102). The spray heads (104) are connected to the alkaline washing liquid storage area (106) located on the bottom side of the spray tank (101) through the variable frequency pump (105). A packing support plate (6) is fixedly installed inside the spray tank (101) on the bottom side of the packing layer (102). The packing support plate (6) is divided into an annular isolation zone (601) and a gas guiding zone (602) located in the middle of the annular isolation zone (601). A number of corresponding air vents are evenly distributed in the gas guiding zone (602). A corresponding isolation shell (7) is fixedly embedded in the middle of the upper part of the packing layer (102). The upper and lower end faces of the isolation shell (7) are respectively set in a mesh shape. A corresponding liquid permeable gas guiding plate (8) is rotatably installed in the middle of the isolation shell (7). A number of corresponding constricted liquid permeable holes (801) are evenly distributed downwards on the liquid permeable gas guiding plate (8). A corresponding hollow float ball (9) is movably arranged on the upper part of the constricted liquid permeable hole (801). The liquid permeable gas guiding plate (8) is rotated and driven by a corresponding driving mechanism (10).

2. The waste gas treatment device for battery disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (10) includes a drive shaft (1001) rotatably mounted on the isolation housing (7), the drive shaft (1001) extending through to the outside of the spray tank (101) and being drively connected to the output shaft end of a corresponding drive motor (1002).

3. The waste gas treatment device for battery disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling space of the second spare packing layer (206) is larger than that of the first spare packing layer (205). The top of the secondary spray tank (202) is equipped with a corresponding demister (11). The exhaust pipe (201) on the secondary spray tank (202) is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding drying tower (13) through the exhaust fan (12). The exhaust gas after being dried by the drying tower (13) enters the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device (14) for adsorption and is then discharged.

4. The waste gas treatment device for battery disassembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The activated carbon adsorption device (14) includes a set of corresponding activated carbon adsorption tanks (1401), each of which contains a corresponding activated carbon (1402). The inlet of each set of activated carbon adsorption tanks (1401) is connected to a corresponding first three-way pipe (1403). One end of the first three-way pipe (1403) is connected in parallel to the outlet of the drying tower (13) through a third automatic valve (1404), and the other end of the first three-way pipe (1403) is connected in parallel to the external regeneration system through a corresponding fourth automatic valve (1405). Gas source (15); the outlet of a group of activated carbon adsorption tanks (1401) is connected to a corresponding second three-way pipe (1406). One end of the second three-way pipe (1406) is connected to the external exhaust pipe (16) through a corresponding fifth automatic valve (1407). The other end of the second three-way pipe (1406) is connected to the inlet of the corresponding catalytic combustion furnace (17) through a corresponding sixth automatic valve (1408). A corresponding VOCs detector (20) is installed at the end of the second three-way pipe (1406) connected to the external exhaust pipe (16).

5. The waste gas treatment device for battery disassembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The VOCs content in the gas entering the external exhaust pipe (16) is monitored by a VOCs detector (20). When the VOCs content is higher than the set value, the fourth automatic valve (1405) of the first three-way pipe (1403) on the corresponding activated carbon adsorption tank is opened and the sixth automatic valve (1408) of the second three-way pipe (1406) is opened. The external regenerated gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tank to regenerate the activated carbon and then is discharged into the catalytic combustion furnace (17) for combustion treatment. The third automatic valve (1404) of the first three-way pipe (1403) on another activated carbon adsorption tank is opened and the fifth automatic valve (1407) of the second three-way pipe (1406) is opened so that the dried waste gas is adsorbed by activated carbon and then discharged.

6. The waste gas treatment device for battery disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the variable frequency pump (105) is connected to the outlet of the corresponding dosing tank (19) via the corresponding seventh automatic valve (18).

7. The waste gas treatment device for battery disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the isolation tube (204) extends through to the bottom side of the spare packing support plate (203) and is connected to the exhaust end of the corresponding air duct (5).

8. A method for treating exhaust gas from battery disassembly, based on the exhaust gas treatment device for battery disassembly according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The specific steps include the following: S1, the exhaust gas from battery dismantling enters the spray tank (101) through the exhaust gas inlet pipe (103), and the variable frequency pump (105) starts to pump the alkaline washing liquid into the spray tank (101), so that the alkaline washing liquid comes into contact with the exhaust gas from battery dismantling, so as to neutralize and absorb the acidic gas in the exhaust gas from battery dismantling. S2, the hydrogen fluoride sensor (302) of the hydrogen fluoride monitoring component (3) is used to monitor the exhaust gas from the battery dismantling after neutralization and absorption. When the hydrogen fluoride content reaches the emission standard, proceed to step S3; when the hydrogen fluoride content is higher than the emission standard but lower than the set value ρ1, proceed to step S4; when the hydrogen fluoride content is higher than ρ1, proceed to step S5. S3, the second automatic valve (4) on the gas guide pipe (5) connected to the upper side of the first spare packing layer (205) in the secondary spray tank (202) is opened, and the battery fine dismantling waste gas after neutralization and absorption is directly dried by the demister (11) and the drying tower (13), and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device (14) for adsorption before being discharged. S4, the second automatic valve (4) on the air duct (5) connected to the bottom side of the first backup packing layer (205) is opened, and the first automatic valve (209) on the first backup spray head (207) is opened. The battery dismantling waste gas after neutralization and absorption enters the first backup packing layer (205) and permeates upward to perform short-range secondary alkaline washing on the battery dismantling waste gas after neutralization and absorption. After secondary alkaline washing, the battery dismantling waste gas is dried by the demister (11) and the drying tower (13) and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device (14) for adsorption before being discharged. S5, the second automatic valve (4) on the air duct (5) connected to the bottom side of the second backup packing layer (206) is opened, and the first automatic valve (209) on the second backup spray head (208) is opened. The battery dismantling waste gas after neutralization and absorption enters the second backup packing layer (206) for permeation and discharge, so as to perform long-distance secondary alkaline washing on the battery dismantling waste gas after neutralization and absorption. After secondary alkaline washing, the battery dismantling waste gas is dried by the demister (11) and the drying tower (13), and then discharged into the corresponding activated carbon adsorption device (14) for adsorption and discharge.

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