Plasma paint spraying machine

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of plasma spraying, and specifically discloses a plasma paint spraying processing machine electrical equipment, which comprises a shell structure and a multi-axis mechanical arm arranged in the shell structure, the output end of the multi-axis mechanical arm is connected with a mounting shell, the output end of the mounting shell is threadedly connected with a spray pipe, the outer part of the spray pipe is movably connected with a gas collecting shell, a gas injection hole is formed in the part of the gas collecting shell close to the working end of the spray pipe, the gas outlet direction of the gas injection hole and the gas outlet direction of the spray pipe form an acute angle, meanwhile, the gas outlet speed of the gas injection hole is greater than the gas outlet speed of the spray pipe, and a flow guide pipe is embedded in the interior of the spray pipe, the flow guide pipe is a tubular structure with a small inner diameter in the middle part and large inner diameters at both ends. The high-speed air curtain is used for realizing fine atomization, reducing splashing loss, enhancing the anti-interference ability of the jet flow, and having the flexible adjustment function of the spraying parameters, so that the uniformity of the coating, the material utilization rate, the environmental cleanliness and the process adaptability are comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plasma spraying technology, and specifically discloses a plasma spraying processing electromechanical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of surface engineering and additive manufacturing, the use of thermal spraying technologies (such as plasma spraying) to form functional coatings or perform repair and remanufacturing on workpiece surfaces has become a key process. These technologies typically involve heating powdered materials (such as metals, ceramics, or polymers) to a molten or semi-molten state and accelerating their spraying onto the workpiece surface, where they deposit to form a coating. Existing equipment often employs multi-axis robotic arms to drive the spray gun, enabling flexible spraying of workpieces with complex shapes.

[0003] However, existing thermal spraying equipment still has the following technical problems in practical applications: 1. Insufficient coating uniformity and atomization precision: When traditional spray gun structures spray molten particles onto the workpiece surface, the uneven distribution of particle velocity and temperature in the jet, as well as the lack of effective secondary atomization methods, often lead to defects such as uneven coating thickness and high surface roughness. For example, the "orange peel" phenomenon is easily produced, affecting the smoothness and performance consistency of the coating.

[0004] 2. Material splashing and low utilization rate: When the high-speed sprayed molten particles hit the workpiece surface, some particles will bounce or splash in all directions, which not only wastes expensive spraying powder materials and reduces material utilization, but also pollutes the spraying environment (such as the inside of a closed operating box), increases the difficulty of subsequent cleaning, and affects the visibility of the operating area.

[0005] 3. Jet stability and environmental interference: In open or semi-open spraying environments, disturbances in the ambient airflow can easily cause the high-temperature plasma jet to deflect or diverge, resulting in energy and momentum loss before the jet reaches the workpiece surface, affecting the accuracy and effective spraying distance. This stability issue is particularly prominent for spraying fine or deep cavity structures.

[0006] 4. Limited flexibility in adjusting spraying parameters: The existing equipment has a relatively fixed nozzle structure, making it difficult to adjust core spraying parameters (such as jet flow rate, spray speed, and spray coverage) in real time and conveniently according to the workpiece shape, coating thickness requirements, or material properties. This usually requires replacing nozzles of different specifications or stopping the machine for adjustments, reducing production efficiency and process adaptability.

[0007] Therefore, developing an improved thermal spraying equipment that can enhance coating uniformity, reduce material splashing, improve jet stability, and has flexible parameter adjustment capabilities has significant engineering application value. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a plasma spraying processing electromechanical equipment to solve the problems mentioned above.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a plasma spraying processing electromechanical equipment, including a housing structure and a multi-axis robotic arm disposed inside the housing structure. The output end of the multi-axis robotic arm is connected to a mounting shell, and the output end of the mounting shell is threadedly connected to a spray pipe. The nozzle is movably connected to a gas collecting shell. The gas collecting shell has a jet hole near the working end of the nozzle. The jet hole's outlet direction is at an acute angle to the nozzle's outlet direction, and the outlet velocity of the jet hole is greater than the nozzle's outlet velocity. The nozzle has a guide tube embedded inside. The guide tube is a tubular structure with a small inner diameter in the middle and a large inner diameter at both ends. The nozzle is also equipped with an adjustment structure to adjust the size of the inner diameter in the middle of the guide tube.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the nozzle further includes a gas supply pipe threadedly connected to the mounting shell, a feed pipe fixed to the gas supply pipe, and a discharge head integrally fixed to the discharge end of the gas supply pipe. The feed pipe is used to transport the spraying material into the interior of the guide pipe, and the mounting shell is used to transport the jet gas into the interior of the gas supply pipe to achieve mixing of the jet gas and the spraying material.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the outer wall of the gas transmission pipe near the discharge head is provided with an external thread, the gas collection shell is connected to the gas transmission pipe by the external thread, and the jet holes are distributed in a ring array on the gas collection shell.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the drainage tube further includes a flexible ring distributed in the inner cavity of the gas transmission pipe. The receiving end of the flexible ring is fixed with an embedded tube, and the discharge end of the flexible ring is fixed with a discharge tube. The inner diameter of the middle part of the flexible ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the ends of the embedded tube and the discharge tube.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the inner cavity of the flexible ring is connected to the inner cavities of the embedded tube and the discharge tube. The embedded tube is fixed to the inner wall of the gas transmission tube cavity, and the discharge tube is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge head cavity.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the flexible ring is a hollow tube structure, the flexible ring is elastic, and a retaining ring is fixed to the outer wall of the connection end between the flexible ring and the discharge pipe, and the retaining ring is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge head.

[0015] In the above technical solution, a shunt block is further fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the flexible ring. The shunt block has an olive-shaped structure. The shunt block is connected to the negative terminal of the external power supply, and the embedded tube is connected to the positive terminal of the external power supply.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the baffle ring, the discharge pipe and the discharge head form a liquid collection chamber for cooling water, the receiving end of the liquid collection chamber is connected to an external water pump and the discharge end of the liquid collection chamber is connected to an external heat exchanger.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the adjustment structure further includes a sleeve shell fixed at equal intervals on the gas transmission pipe. Sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the sleeve shell. A compression block is inserted into the inside of the sleeve shell. The compression block slides inside the sleeve shell through the sliding groove. The lower part of the compression block abuts against the flexible ring.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the upper part of the extrusion block near the gas collecting shell is an inclined surface. The gas collecting shell presses the extrusion block by the inclined surface, thereby causing the extrusion block to slide inside the sleeve shell.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, by setting up a gas collecting shell and jet nozzles, ensures that during use, the air velocity from the jet nozzles is greater than that from the exhaust pipe. At this point, the airflow from the jet nozzles generates a strong shear force on the airflow from the exhaust pipe and guides the airflow from the exhaust pipe into turbulence, thereby instantly tearing the molten coating material into finer droplets, achieving more precise atomization. This effectively avoids the orange peel texture or uneven thickness that easily occurs in traditional spraying, significantly improving the smoothness and consistency of the coating.

[0020] 2. In this invention, the high-pressure air ejected from the jet nozzle forms an air curtain structure around the spraying area, which effectively reduces the splashing and rebound of molten sprayed material. This reduces the consumption of expensive sprayed materials and improves material utilization; on the other hand, it reduces the pollution of the surrounding environment (such as the interior of the shell structure) by the sprayed material, and improves the visibility and cleanliness of the working area.

[0021] 3. In this invention, the high-pressure air ejected from the jet nozzle envelops and constrains the coating material sprayed through the guide pipe, reducing interference from ambient airflow. This makes the coating material jet more stable, with a longer range, and less prone to divergence before reaching the workpiece surface, thus ensuring coating accuracy over long distances or under complex conditions.

[0022] 4. This invention, by incorporating a reversibly rotatable gas collecting shell, an extrusion block, and an elastic flexible ring, allows the gas collecting shell to move away from the discharge head. Firstly, the inclined surface extrudes the extrusion block, reducing the inner diameter of the flexible ring and thus regulating the flow rate of the working gas and the coating material, thereby improving ionization efficiency. Secondly, the gas collecting shell's distance from the workpiece increases the coverage area of ​​the high-pressure air ejected from the jet nozzle, further enhancing the drainage area for the coating material and the surface coverage of the workpiece. This enables the equipment to quickly adjust spraying parameters according to different workpiece shapes and coating requirements, enhancing process adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the gas delivery pipe, the mounting shell, and the gas collecting shell in this invention. Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the connection structure between the embedded tube and the gas transmission tube in this invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the connection structure between the extrusion block and the gas delivery pipe in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the shunt blocks inside the flexible ring in this invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the gas collecting shell and the gas transmission pipe in this invention; Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the connection structure between the sliding groove and the sleeve shell in this invention; Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the connection structure between the retaining ring and the flexible ring in this invention.

[0024] 1. Shell structure; 11. Multi-axis robotic arm; 2. Mounting shell; 21. Gas supply pipe; 22. Gas collection shell; 23. Gas jet hole; 24. Discharge head; 3. Diverter block; 4. Extrusion block; 41. Sliding groove; 42. Sleeve shell; 43. External thread; 5. Embedded tube; 51. Retaining ring; 52. Flexible ring; 53. Discharge pipe; 6. Liquid collection chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: This invention relates to a plasma spraying processing electromechanical equipment, including a housing structure 1 and a multi-axis robotic arm 11 disposed inside the housing structure 1. The output end of the multi-axis robotic arm 11 is connected to a mounting shell 2, and the output end of the mounting shell 2 is threadedly connected to a spray nozzle. The control end of the multi-axis robotic arm 11 is connected to an external PLC controller. The external PLC controller can set the spraying angle of the multi-axis robotic arm 11 driving the spray nozzle according to the actual shape of the product, thereby realizing that the spraying material sprayed from the spray nozzle is evenly wrapped on the workpiece. The nozzle is externally connected to a gas collecting shell 22. The gas collecting shell 22 is provided with a jet hole 23 near the working end of the nozzle. The exhaust direction of the jet hole 23 is at an acute angle to the exhaust direction of the nozzle, and the exhaust velocity of the jet hole 23 is greater than that of the nozzle. The nozzle has an embedded guide tube, which is a tubular structure with a small inner diameter in the middle and a large inner diameter at both ends. The nozzle is also equipped with an adjustment mechanism to adjust the size of the inner diameter in the middle of the guide tube.

[0028] The nozzle includes a gas supply pipe 21 threaded onto the mounting housing 2, a feed pipe fixed onto the gas supply pipe 21, and a discharge head 24 integrally fixed to the discharge end of the gas supply pipe 21. The feed pipe is used to transport the spraying material into the interior of the guide pipe, and the mounting housing 2 is used to transport the jet gas into the interior of the gas supply pipe 21 to achieve mixing of the jet gas and the spraying material.

[0029] The outer wall of the gas pipe 21 near the discharge head 24 has an external thread 43. The gas collection shell 22 is threaded to the gas pipe 21 through the external thread 43. The jet holes 23 are distributed in a ring array on the gas collection shell 22.

[0030] The drainage tube includes a flexible ring 52 distributed in the inner cavity of the gas supply pipe 21. The receiving end of the flexible ring 52 is fixed with an embedded tube 5, and the discharge end of the flexible ring 52 is fixed with a discharge pipe 53. The inner diameter of the middle part of the flexible ring 52 is smaller than the inner diameter of the ends of the embedded tube 5 and the discharge pipe 53.

[0031] The inner cavity of the flexible ring 52 is connected to the inner cavities of the embedded tube 5 and the discharge tube 53. The embedded tube 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the gas transmission tube 21 cavity, and the discharge tube 53 is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge head 24 cavity.

[0032] The flexible ring 52 is a hollow tube structure. The flexible ring 52 is elastic. A retaining ring 51 is fixed to the outer wall of the connection end between the flexible ring 52 and the discharge pipe 53. The retaining ring 51 is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge head 24.

[0033] A shunt block 3 is fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the flexible ring 52. The shunt block 3 has an olive-shaped structure. The shunt block 3 is connected to the negative terminal of the external power supply, and the embedded tube 5 is connected to the positive terminal of the external power supply.

[0034] The baffle ring 51, the discharge pipe 53 and the discharge head 24 form a liquid collection chamber 6 into which cooling water is placed. The baffle ring 51, the discharge pipe 53 and the discharge head 24 that form the liquid collection chamber 6 are provided with an insulating coating to prevent current from entering the cooling water. The receiving end of the liquid collection chamber 6 is connected to an external water pump, and the discharge end of the liquid collection chamber 6 is connected to an external heat exchanger. In actual use, a clamping platform is installed inside the shell structure 1. The clamping platform can be selected from existing technology structures. When used inside the shell structure 1, it is used to clamp the workpiece to be painted, thereby facilitating the spray nozzle to spray paint the workpiece on the clamping platform. After the workpiece to be painted is fixed inside the housing structure 1, the external equipment delivers working gas to the inside of the gas supply pipe 21 through the mounting shell 2. The working gas can be argon or nitrogen. When the working gas passes through the inside of the guide pipe, the feed pipe delivers the coating material into the inside of the guide pipe. Then the external power supply is turned on and a high-voltage electric arc is formed between the diverter block 3 and the embedded pipe 5. When the working gas passes through the electric arc area, it is heated and ionized, forming a plasma jet with extremely high temperature. The coating material is rapidly heated to a molten or semi-molten state in the jet. The high-temperature plasma jet gives the molten coating material an extremely high speed, causing it to be sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece at high speed. When the high-speed molten spray material impacts the surface of the workpiece, it deforms, spreads, cools rapidly, and solidifies. The molten spray material accumulates layer by layer and eventually combines with the surface of the workpiece to form a dense coating with specific properties. When the working gas passes through the guide pipe and carries the spraying material to impact the surface of the workpiece, the operator connects the receiving end of the gas collecting shell 22 to the external air pump. The external air pump can deliver high-pressure air to the inside of the gas collecting shell 22. Then, the air inside the gas collecting shell 22 can pass through the jet nozzle 23 and be sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece. It should be noted that the angle at which the air is sprayed from the jet nozzle 23 and the angle at which the spraying material is sprayed from the discharge pipe 53 are both acute angles. At the same time, the speed at which the air is sprayed from the jet nozzle 23 is greater than the speed at which the spraying material is sprayed from the guide pipe. When high-pressure air is ejected from the jet nozzle 23, the spraying material is also sprayed from the guide pipe at the same time. Since the speed of the air ejected from the jet nozzle 23 is greater than the speed of the spraying material sprayed from the guide pipe, the strong shearing force and turbulence generated by the high-speed airflow in the periphery can instantly tear the spraying material sprayed from the guide pipe into finer droplets. This achieves finer atomization of the spraying material, making the spraying material more evenly sprayed on the workpiece. This can directly improve the smoothness and consistency of the coating and avoid orange peel texture or uneven thickness. The high-pressure air ejected from the jet nozzle 23 can form an air curtain structure, which can effectively reduce the splashing and rebound of the spray material sprayed from the guide pipe. During the spraying operation, this can reduce the loss of spray material, reduce pollution to the surrounding environment, and improve the visibility of the work area. At the same time, the high-pressure air ejected from the jet nozzle 23 forms a kind of envelopment and constraint on the sprayed material sprayed from the guide tube, which can reduce the interference of the ambient airflow on the sprayed material, making it more stable, with a longer range, and less likely to disperse before the sprayed material reaches the surface of the workpiece.

[0035] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 1-8 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution. Unlike Embodiment 1, when the gas collecting shell 22 rotates in the reverse direction in this embodiment, the gas collecting shell 22 can move away from the discharge head 24 and away from the workpiece. This can increase the coverage area of ​​the high-pressure air ejected from the jet hole 23, thereby increasing the drainage area of ​​the high-pressure air on the spraying material and increasing the coverage area of ​​the spraying material on the surface of the workpiece, making it easier for the equipment to quickly spray paint the surface of the workpiece.

[0036] The adjustment structure includes a sleeve shell 42 fixed at equal intervals on the gas transmission pipe 21. Sliding grooves 41 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the sleeve shell 42. A compression block 4 is inserted into the inside of the sleeve shell 42. The compression block 4 slides inside the sleeve shell 42 through the sliding grooves 41. The lower part of the compression block 4 abuts against the flexible ring 52.

[0037] The upper part of the extrusion block 4 near the gas collecting shell 22 is inclined. The gas collecting shell 22 extrudes the extrusion block 4 by the inclined surface, thereby causing the extrusion block 4 to slide inside the sleeve shell 42. In actual use, the inner diameter of the receiving end of the flexible ring 52 is smaller than the inner diameter of the discharging end, and the inner diameter of the receiving end of the discharge pipe 53 is smaller than the inner diameter of the discharging end. When the working gas passes through the arc zone, it is heated and ionized to form a plasma jet with extremely high temperature. These plasma jets can be sprayed onto the workpiece under the guidance of the discharge pipe 53. In order to improve the mixing effect of the working gas and the spraying material, an adjustment structure is set on the mounting shell 2. The flexible ring 52 can be a thin-walled metal bellows made of high-temperature resistant alloy (such as Inconel 625), in which the cavity is filled with inert gas (such as argon). The flexible ring can still maintain its elastic deformation ability at a working temperature of 1000℃-1200℃. At the same time, the flexible ring 52 can also be made of other materials according to actual use requirements. Before using the equipment, the operator first separates the receiving end of the gas collecting shell 22 from the external air pump, and then rotates the gas collecting shell 22 in the opposite direction. This allows the gas collecting shell 22 to move away from the discharge head 24. The gas collecting shell 22 can then be squeezed by the inclined surface of the extrusion block 4, which in turn causes the extrusion block 4 to slide inside the sleeve shell 42. This allows the extrusion block 4 to squeeze the flexible ring 52. The flexible ring 52 is a hollow tube structure, and a high-temperature resistant gas medium is placed inside the flexible ring 52. When the extrusion block 4 squeezes the flexible ring 52, the pressure inside the flexible ring 52 will increase. This will reduce the inner diameter of the flexible ring 52, thereby reducing the flow rate of the working gas and spraying material passing through the flexible ring 52, and thus improving the efficiency of the working gas ionization. After the position of the gas collecting shell 22 is adjusted, the receiving end of the gas collecting shell 22 can be connected to the external air pump. When the air collecting shell 22 rotates in the opposite direction, it moves away from the discharge head 24 and the workpiece. This increases the coverage area of ​​the high-pressure air ejected from the jet hole 23, thereby increasing the drainage area of ​​the high-pressure air on the coating material and increasing the coverage area of ​​the coating material on the workpiece surface, making it easier for the equipment to quickly spray paint the workpiece surface.

[0038] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A plasma spray painting processing electromechanical equipment, comprising a housing structure (1) and a multi-axis robotic arm (11) disposed inside the housing structure (1), characterized in that, The output end of the multi-axis robotic arm (11) is connected to a mounting shell (2), and the output end of the mounting shell (2) is threadedly connected to a nozzle; The nozzle is movably connected to a gas collecting shell (22). The gas collecting shell (22) is provided with a jet hole (23) near the working end of the nozzle. The outlet direction of the jet hole (23) is at an acute angle to the outlet direction of the nozzle. At the same time, the outlet velocity of the jet hole (23) is greater than the outlet velocity of the nozzle. The nozzle has an embedded guide tube, which is a tubular structure with a small inner diameter in the middle and a large inner diameter at both ends. The nozzle also has an adjustment structure for adjusting the inner diameter of the guide tube. The nozzle includes an air supply pipe (21) threaded onto the mounting housing (2), a feed pipe fixed to the air supply pipe (21), and a discharge head (24) integrally fixed to the discharge end of the air supply pipe (21). The feed pipe is used to transport the spraying material into the guide tube, and the mounting housing (2) is used to control the air supply pipe (21). The internal delivery of jet gas enables mixing of the jet gas with the spraying material. The outer wall of the gas delivery pipe (21) near the discharge head (24) has an external thread (43). The gas collecting shell (22) is threaded onto the gas delivery pipe (21) via the external thread (43). The jet holes (23) are arranged in a ring array on the gas collecting shell (22). The drainage pipe includes flexible rings (52) distributed within the inner cavity of the gas delivery pipe (21). An embedded tube (5) is fixed to the receiving end of the flexible ring (52). The discharge end of the flexible ring (52) is fixed with a discharge pipe (53). The inner diameter of the middle part of the flexible ring (52) is smaller than the inner diameter of the end of the embedded pipe (5) and the discharge pipe (53). A diverter block (3) is fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the flexible ring (52). The diverter block (3) has an olive-shaped structure. The diverter block (3) is connected to the negative terminal of the external power supply. The embedded pipe (5) is connected to the positive terminal of the external power supply. The adjustment structure includes a sleeve shell (42) fixed at equal intervals on the gas transmission pipe (21). Sliding grooves (41) are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the shell (42). A pressing block (4) is inserted into the inside of the sleeve shell (42). The pressing block (4) slides inside the sleeve shell (42) through the sliding grooves (41). The lower part of the pressing block (4) abuts against the flexible ring (52). The upper part of the pressing block (4) near the gas collecting shell (22) is an inclined surface. The gas collecting shell (22) presses the pressing block (4) through the inclined surface, thereby causing the pressing block (4) to slide inside the sleeve shell (42).

2. The plasma spray painting processing electromechanical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the flexible ring (52) is connected to the inner cavities of the embedded tube (5) and the discharge tube (53). The embedded tube (5) is fixed to the inner wall of the gas transmission tube (21) cavity, and the discharge tube (53) is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge head (24) cavity.

3. The plasma spray painting processing electromechanical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible ring (52) is a hollow tube structure. The flexible ring (52) is elastic. A retaining ring (51) is fixed on the outer wall of the connection end between the flexible ring (52) and the discharge pipe (53). The retaining ring (51) is fixed on the inner wall of the discharge head (24).

4. The plasma spray painting processing electromechanical equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The baffle ring (51), the discharge pipe (53) and the discharge head (24) form a liquid collection chamber (6) into which cooling water is placed. The receiving end of the liquid collection chamber (6) is connected to an external water pump, and the discharge end of the liquid collection chamber (6) is connected to an external heat exchanger.

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