Method for ecological restoration of urban polluted rivers

Abstract

The application discloses an ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers, which comprises the following steps: S1, setting multi-stage overflow dams according to the water level difference of the urban polluted rivers, and cleaning the floating impurities in the overflow dams; S2, sequentially performing gas disturbance and aeration treatment on the bottom of each overflow dam from top to bottom, blowing the organic matters deposited at the bottom to form a mud-water mixture, and separating the mud-water mixture; S3, detecting the OPR of the bottom mud of the overflow dam, and when the OPR does not reach the target value, performing multiple gas disturbance and aeration treatment on the bottom of the overflow dam again until the OPR reaches the target value. The application can solve the problem that the existing floating bed structure can only restore and improve the upper layer or the middle layer of the river water body, has little restoration and improvement effect on the water body at the river bottom, and most of the pollutants exist at the interface between the river bottom mud and the mud-water, and the restoration effect is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of river restoration technology, and more particularly to an ecological restoration method for polluted urban rivers. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid population and economic growth, improving urban river water quality and restoring and rebuilding healthy aquatic ecosystems has become an urgent task.

[0003] Most existing technologies use floating bed structures to repair and improve river water quality. However, the floating bed structure can only repair and improve the upper or middle layers of the river water. It has little effect on the water at the bottom of the river. Moreover, most pollutants exist in the riverbed sediment and the mud-water interface, resulting in poor repair effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ecological restoration method for polluted urban rivers, in order to address the problem that existing floating bed structures can only repair and improve the upper or middle layers of river water, and have little effect on the repair and improvement of the bottom water, and that most pollutants exist at the riverbed sediment and the mud-water interface, resulting in poor repair effects.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an ecological restoration method for polluted urban rivers, comprising the following steps: S1. Set up multi-stage overflow dams according to the water level difference of the urban polluted river, and clean up the floating impurities in the overflow dams; S2. In sequence from top to bottom, the bottom of each overflow dam is subjected to gas disturbance and aeration treatment to blow up the settled organic matter at the bottom to form a mud-water mixture, and the mud-water mixture is extracted. S3. Perform OPR testing on the bottom sediment of the overflow dam. If the OPR does not reach the target value, perform gas disturbance and aeration treatment on the bottom of the overflow dam multiple times until the OPR reaches the target value. S4. Sprinkle compound microbial inoculum inside the overflow dam after cleaning the riverbed; S5. Manufacturing the planting carrier: Make a ring with a radius of 15-30cm, and form a planting bag by including a double-layer mesh on the ring. Fill the planting bag with a medium, and connect multiple planting bags in series using a biological tape. S6. Planting submerged plants: Select plump submerged plant seeds, put the seeds into planting bags, and sink the connected planting bags to the bottom of the river. S7. Multiple bio-floating beds are set up on the overflow dam, and an aeration device is set at the bottom of the bio-floating beds. Floating plants are set up inside the bio-floating beds.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: The gas disturbance and aeration treatment in step S2 includes the following steps: S21. Take a sealed box with one end open and place the opening of the box vertically downward. The box covers the organic matter at the bottom of the river to prevent gas disturbance or water diffusion during aeration. S22. The gas supply equipment supplies gas to the agitation equipment and the aeration equipment through pipelines; S23. The disturbance device inside the sealed box operates to disturb the organic matter with gas; the aeration device inside the sealed box operates to aerate the organic matter. S24. Use a mud pump and water pipe to extract the mud-water mixture from the sealed box and process it in another location.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: An elastic padding layer is provided at the opening end of the sealed box.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The ring is made of PVC pipe, stainless steel, or plant stems.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The double-layer mesh includes an inner mesh and an outer mesh. The inner mesh is a biodegradable nonwoven fabric, and the outer mesh is a UV-resistant polyethylene grating.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The medium includes ceramsite, biochar, slow-release nutrients, and adsorbent microparticles, and the mass ratio of the ceramsite, biochar, slow-release nutrients, and adsorbent microparticles is 3:3:2:2.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The biochar is plant straw biochar, sawdust biochar, or coconut shell biochar, and the slow-release nutrient is slow-release compound fertilizer granules or organic-inorganic compound slow-release fertilizer.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: The adsorbed particles are composed of citric acid, pullulan, and zeolite in a mass ratio of 4:1:14.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: The compound microbial strain consists of yeast, nitrifying bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: The aeration device includes an aeration disc and a blower connected to the aeration disc, with the aeration disc located at the bottom of the bio-floating bed.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, by subjecting the riverbed to gas disturbance and aeration, the gas disturbance can blow up the mud, and the aeration and increase of oxygen can change the chemical packing state of the riverbed mud. By detecting ORP, if the ORP value meets the standard, it means that the mud has changed from foul mud to good mud. The oxidative environment can lock in the phosphorus in the mud and prevent it from being released into the water to feed algae, thus controlling eutrophication from the source. At the same time, the foul mud can be pumped away in time through mud pumps, which can prevent the foul mud from continuously polluting the river water during the river restoration process and improve the treatment effect.

[0016] 2. In this invention, planting bags are set up and filled with a medium and submerged plant seeds. The medium consists of expanded clay granules, biochar, slow-release nutrients, and adsorbent microparticles. The planting bags are connected in series and sunk to the river bottom, which can effectively solve the common problems of difficult establishment and easy floating of submerged plants in riverbeds. Biochar has a huge specific surface area and rich pore structure. Its main function is to adsorb pollutants, such as ammonia nitrogen and organic matter, and provide an attachment surface for microorganisms, while improving the permeability of the substrate. In the early stage of river and lake ecological restoration, the bottom sediment is often barren. The slow-release nutrients can continuously provide essential elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to plant roots and microorganisms, promoting the growth of plants. The system can be established quickly, while avoiding the eutrophication caused by the instant release of quick-acting fertilizers. As a lightweight, porous, and inert material, expanded clay pellets mainly provide physical support, prevent substrate compaction, and ensure root aeration. At the same time, a large number of microorganisms can adhere to their surface, and the pullulan polysaccharides in the particles enable the slow release of citric acid, which is conducive to the removal of heavy metals in the sediment and avoids the inhibitory effect of heavy metals on the complex microbial species. This helps to quickly form a stable and lush aquatic plant community, significantly improves the resilience and integrity of the aquatic ecosystem, and thus accelerates the overall restoration of the aquatic ecological environment and the construction of a benign ecosystem. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an ecological restoration method for polluted urban rivers. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0021] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Example 1:

[0024] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides an ecological restoration method for polluted urban rivers, comprising the following steps: S1. Set up multi-stage overflow dams according to the water level difference of the urban polluted river, and clean up the floating impurities in the overflow dams; S2. In sequence from top to bottom, the bottom of each overflow dam is subjected to gas disturbance and aeration treatment to blow up the settled organic matter at the bottom to form a mud-water mixture, and the mud-water mixture is extracted. S3. Perform OPR testing on the bottom sediment of the overflow dam. If the OPR does not reach the target value, perform gas disturbance and aeration treatment on the bottom of the overflow dam multiple times until the OPR reaches the target value. S4. Sprinkle compound microbial inoculum inside the overflow dam after cleaning the riverbed; S5. Manufacturing the planting carrier: Make a ring with a radius of 15-30cm, and form a planting bag by including a double-layer mesh on the ring. Fill the planting bag with a medium, and connect multiple planting bags in series using a biological tape. S6. Planting submerged plants: Select plump submerged plant seeds, put the seeds into planting bags, and sink the connected planting bags to the bottom of the river. S7. Multiple bio-floating beds are set up on the overflow dam, and an aeration device is set at the bottom of the bio-floating beds. Floating plants are set up inside the bio-floating beds.

[0025] Specifically, the ring is made of PVC pipe, stainless steel, or plant stems. Using PVC pipe or stainless steel increases the ring's lifespan; using plant stems reduces manufacturing costs. Specifically, the compound microbial strain consists of yeast, nitrifying bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.

[0026] Specifically, the aeration device includes an aeration disc and a blower connected to the aeration disc, with the aeration disc located at the bottom of the bio-floating bed.

[0027] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: By subjecting the riverbed to gas disturbance and aeration, the gas disturbance can blow up the mud, aerate it, and increase oxygen, thereby changing the chemical packing state of the riverbed sediment. By testing the ORP (Organic Ratio) value, if the ORP value meets the standard, it means that the sediment has changed from foul mud to good mud. The oxidative environment can lock in the phosphorus in the sediment, preventing it from being released into the water to feed algae, thus controlling eutrophication at the source. At the same time, the foul mud can be pumped away in a timely manner, which can prevent the foul mud from continuously polluting the river water during the river restoration process, thus improving the treatment effect. By setting up planting bags filled with a growing medium and submerged plant seeds (the medium consisting of expanded clay pebbles, biochar, slow-release nutrients, and adsorbent microparticles), and submerging these bags in series at the riverbed, the common problems of submerged plants being difficult to establish and prone to floating can be effectively solved. Biochar, with its large specific surface area and abundant porous structure, primarily adsorbs pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and organic matter, provides an attachment surface for microorganisms, and improves the permeability of the substrate. In the early stages of river and lake ecological restoration, the bottom sediment is often infertile; the slow-release nutrients continuously provide essential elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to plant roots and microorganisms, promoting systemic growth. Rapid establishment, while avoiding the eutrophication caused by the instantaneous release of nutrients like quick-acting fertilizers; ceramsite, as a lightweight, porous, and inert material, primarily provides physical support, prevents substrate compaction, and ensures root aeration. Simultaneously, its surface can harbor a large number of microorganisms, adsorbing pullulan polysaccharides from the particles to achieve the slow release of citric acid, which is beneficial for the removal of heavy metals from the sediment and avoids the inhibitory effect of heavy metals on complex microbial species. This helps to quickly form a stable and lush aquatic plant community, significantly enhancing the resilience and integrity of the aquatic ecosystem, thereby accelerating the overall restoration of the aquatic ecological environment and the construction of a benign ecosystem. Example 2:

[0028] See Figure 1 The figure shows an ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers provided by the present invention in Embodiment 2. This embodiment further improves upon the above embodiments by making the following technical solutions: Step S2, the gas disturbance and aeration treatment, includes the following steps: S21. Take a sealed box with one end open and place the opening of the box vertically downward. The box covers the organic matter at the bottom of the river to prevent gas disturbance or water diffusion during aeration. S22. The gas supply equipment supplies gas to the agitation equipment and the aeration equipment through pipelines; S23. The disturbance device inside the sealed box operates to disturb the organic matter with gas; the aeration device inside the sealed box operates to aerate the organic matter. S24. Use a mud pump and water pipe to extract the mud-water mixture from the sealed box and process it in another location.

[0029] By using the above-mentioned structure and a combination of gas turbulence and aeration, highly polluted sediment in the riverbed can be cleaned without causing secondary pollution to the river. The enclosed enclosure prevents the resuspension of sediment during turbulence from affecting water quality. In addition, the enclosed enclosure allows the mud pump to extract highly polluted sediment more efficiently.

[0030] An elastic pad is provided at the open end of the sealed enclosure. The elastic pad allows the sealed enclosure to make closer contact with the riverbed, improving the sealing effect. Example 3:

[0031] See Figure 1 The figure illustrates an ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention. This embodiment further improves upon the previous embodiments by implementing the following technical solutions: The double-layer mesh comprises an inner mesh and an outer mesh. The inner mesh is a biodegradable nonwoven fabric, and the outer mesh is a UV-resistant polyethylene mesh. The inner layer is a biodegradable nonwoven fabric with finer pores to prevent material leakage, while the outer layer is a UV-resistant polyethylene mesh to provide structural strength. Example 4:

[0032] See Figure 1 The figure illustrates an ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers provided by Embodiment 4 of the present invention. This embodiment further improves upon the previous embodiments by employing the following technical solutions: The medium comprises expanded clay, biochar, slow-release nutrients, and adsorbent microparticles, with a mass ratio of expanded clay, biochar, slow-release nutrients, and adsorbent microparticles of 3:3:2:2. Specifically, the biochar is plant straw biochar, sawdust biochar, or coconut shell biochar, and the slow-release nutrients are slow-release compound fertilizer granules or organic-inorganic compound slow-release fertilizer. Both expanded clay and biochar have excellent adsorption properties, capable of adsorbing nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from sediment and water, providing nutrients for submerged plants. Simultaneously, submerged plants purify water quality and repair sediment through biochemical processes during their growth. Pollutants adsorbed by expanded clay and biochar are blocked by submerged plants, reducing the diffusion flux of pollutants. This combination method concentrates pollutants in eutrophic water bodies near emergent and submerged plants, improving the removal rate of pollutants by aquatic plants and achieving the effect of removing pollutants in different forms in eutrophic water bodies. Example 5:

[0033] See Figure 1The figure illustrates an ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers provided by Embodiment 5 of the present invention. This embodiment further improves upon the previous embodiments by employing the following technical solution: the adsorbent particles are composed of citric acid, pullulan, and zeolite in a mass ratio of 4:1:14. Pullulan provides a slow release of citric acid, which is beneficial for the removal of heavy metals from the sediment and avoids the inhibitory effect of heavy metals on the complex microbial species. Through the chemical adsorption of the adsorbent particles, the microbial purification of the complex microbial species, and the phytoremediation of submerged plants, the aim of improving river water quality and eliminating endogenous pollution in the sediment is achieved, resulting in highly efficient river restoration with low operating costs.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration method for polluted urban rivers, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Set up multi-stage overflow dams according to the water level difference of the urban polluted river, and clean up the floating impurities in the overflow dams; S2. In sequence from top to bottom, the bottom of each overflow dam is subjected to gas disturbance and aeration treatment to blow up the settled organic matter at the bottom to form a mud-water mixture, and the mud-water mixture is extracted. S3. Perform OPR testing on the bottom sediment of the overflow dam. If the OPR does not reach the target value, perform gas disturbance and aeration treatment on the bottom of the overflow dam multiple times until the OPR reaches the target value. S4. Sprinkle compound microbial inoculants inside the overflow dam after cleaning the riverbed; S5. Manufacturing the planting carrier: Make a ring with a radius of 15-30cm, and form a planting bag by including a double-layer mesh on the ring. Fill the planting bag with a medium, and connect multiple planting bags in series using a biological tape. S6. Planting submerged plants: Select plump submerged plant seeds, put the seeds into planting bags, and sink the connected planting bags to the bottom of the river. S7. Multiple bio-floating beds are set up on the overflow dam, and an aeration device is set at the bottom of the bio-floating beds. Floating plants are set up inside the bio-floating beds.

2. The ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas disturbance and aeration treatment in step S2 includes the following steps: S21. Take a sealed box with one end open and place the opening of the box vertically downward. The box covers the organic matter at the bottom of the river to prevent gas disturbance or water diffusion during aeration. S22. The gas supply equipment supplies gas to the agitation equipment and the aeration equipment through pipelines; S23. The disturbance device inside the sealed box operates to disturb the organic matter with gas; the aeration device inside the sealed box operates to aerate the organic matter. S24. Use a mud pump and water pipe to extract the mud-water mixture from the sealed box and process it in another location.

3. The ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers according to claim 2, characterized in that, An elastic padding layer is provided at the opening end of the sealed box.

4. The ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring is made of PVC pipe, stainless steel, or plant stems.

5. The ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The double-layer mesh includes an inner mesh and an outer mesh. The inner mesh is a biodegradable nonwoven fabric, and the outer mesh is a UV-resistant polyethylene grating.

6. The ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medium includes ceramsite, biochar, slow-release nutrients, and adsorbent microparticles, and the mass ratio of the ceramsite, biochar, slow-release nutrients, and adsorbent microparticles is 3:3:2:

2.

7. The ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The biochar is plant straw biochar, sawdust biochar, or coconut shell biochar, and the slow-release nutrient is slow-release compound fertilizer granules or organic-inorganic compound slow-release fertilizer.

8. The ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adsorbed particles are composed of citric acid, pullulan, and zeolite in a mass ratio of 4:1:

14.

9. The ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound microbial strain consists of yeast, nitrifying bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.

10. The ecological restoration method for urban polluted rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aeration device includes an aeration disc and a blower connected to the aeration disc, with the aeration disc located at the bottom of the bio-floating bed.

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