A photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic array area wind-sand protection system and method. The photovoltaic array area wind-sand protection system comprises a sand blocking barrier unit, a sand fixation unit and a self-seep irrigation unit. The sand blocking barrier unit comprises a plurality of tunnel-shaped sand blocking barriers arranged on the north side and the west side outside the photovoltaic array area, the extending direction of the tunnel-shaped sand blocking barriers is perpendicular to the corresponding main wind direction, and the tunnel-shaped sand blocking barriers comprise tunnel-shaped structures formed by bending a grid plate, and the grid plate is formed by weaving plant branches. The sand fixation unit comprises a plurality of sand fixation square structures arranged on the ground in the photovoltaic array area, and the sand fixation square structures comprise radial segment structures and latitudinal segment structures which are connected in a cross shape. The self-seep irrigation unit comprises one or more simple self-seep irrigation devices, and one or more simple self-seep irrigation devices are arranged in the photovoltaic array area. The wind-sand protection system can effectively solve the problems of wind-sand prevention and vehicle passing in the photovoltaic field area in a sand desert region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological environment management technology in desert areas, and in particular to a wind and sand protection system and method for photovoltaic array areas. Background Technology

[0002] The desert and barren areas are characterized by open terrain, strong winds, and abundant solar energy resources, often serving as concentrated areas for large-scale wind power and photovoltaic (PV) bases in my country. These areas typically experience prevailing northerly, westerly, and northwesterly winds. These strong winds frequently erode foundation piles, sometimes shattering or overturning PV panels, bending PV supports, and damaging PV equipment (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 14 and Figure 15 The windward edges on the north and west sides of the site are particularly severely affected. Therefore, photovoltaic power stations in the Shagohuang area face the threat of strong winds, and this threat will intensify as the construction area continues to expand.

[0003] The main problems in wind and sand protection work in photovoltaic power plants are as follows:

[0004] 1) Windbreak and sand-fixing measures around photovoltaic (PV) sites generally include tall, vertical sand barriers, windbreak walls, windbreak and dust suppression nets, and grid-like sand-fixing structures of various materials and specifications. These measures can effectively reduce the intensity of windblown sand entering the site. However, when ordinary tall, vertical sand barriers are installed in a north-south direction between the panels, they will inevitably obstruct the passage of maintenance vehicles and personnel in the east-west corridor between the panels. Conventional sand-fixing grids will also be damaged by crushing and lose their sand-fixing effect, so a maintenance passage of about 3 meters in width is often required, which exacerbates the wind and sand hazards in the corridor between the panels. In addition, the height of the sand-fixing grids inside the site is about 20 cm, which can play a role in sand fixation, but its windproof effect is obviously insufficient for the photovoltaic panel distribution layer at a height of 1-3 meters near the ground surface. Therefore, there is currently a lack of windbreak and sand-fixing measures inside the site that do not affect the passage of maintenance vehicles.

[0005] 2) The protective range of external windbreak measures is limited, and their protective effect cannot penetrate deep into the site. Since the protective range of external windbreak measures is generally 15-20 times the height of the barrier, its protective range only extends to a strip area of ​​tens of meters along the inner edge of the site, and cannot effectively block wind from the large, sheet-like array areas within the site. Therefore, current windbreak measures are mostly strip-shaped protections, but with limited bandwidth, making them more suitable for linear projects such as railways and highways, and not for area-shaped photovoltaic projects. Because photovoltaic arrays are arranged in parallel east-west directions, the east-west corridors between the panels form airflow channels with narrow tube and wind-guiding effects. These channels generally accelerate airflow and redirect northwesterly winds to westerly winds, greatly increasing the possibility of pile erosion and sand accumulation. Therefore, there are currently no targeted and effective windbreak measures for the east-west corridors between the panels within the site.

[0006] 3) Water is scarce in the desert and Gobi areas. In 2024, the price of water for photovoltaic power plant construction and irrigation reached 60-80 yuan per cubic meter. Adhering to the principles of minimal disturbance, planting where possible, and determining afforestation based on water availability, small-scale vegetation construction can be carried out in some desert and Gobi areas with native vegetation. Moreover, these areas have open terrain and low land carrying capacity, generally employing sparse planting methods with large spacing. Traditional drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation technologies have drawbacks such as susceptibility to clogging and freezing, and high costs. Furthermore, these technologies are difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale, sparse, and dispersed planting in desert and Gobi areas. Therefore, these areas lack simple, inexpensive, and water-saving irrigation devices, which is a common engineering problem currently facing vegetation construction in desert and Gobi areas. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to provide a wind and sand protection system and method for photovoltaic array areas to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention includes:

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention provides a wind and sand protection system for a photovoltaic array area, comprising:

[0010] Windbreak units are distributed among the photovoltaic panels within the photovoltaic array area. Each windbreak unit includes a north-south windbreak extending in a north-south direction and an east-west windbreak extending in an east-west direction. The north-south windbreak is used to at least block and / or weaken westerly winds, and the east-west windbreak is used to at least block and / or weaken northerly winds. The north-south and east-west windbreaks work together to form a grid structure. The north-south windbreak includes a self-expanding windbreak structure between panels and a windbreak structure under the panels. The windbreak structure under the panels and the self-expanding windbreak structure between panels are respectively set to correspond to the underside area of ​​the corresponding photovoltaic panel and the inter-panel area of ​​the corresponding photovoltaic panel. The east-west windbreak includes a high windbreak structure and a low windbreak structure. The high windbreak structure is set between the upper edge of the corresponding photovoltaic panel and the ground, and the low windbreak structure is set between the lower edge of the corresponding photovoltaic panel and the ground.

[0011] The sand-blocking barrier unit includes multiple tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers set on the north and west sides outside the photovoltaic array area. The extension direction of the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers is perpendicular to the corresponding prevailing wind direction. The tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers include tunnel-shaped structures formed by bending grid plates, and the grid plates are woven from plant branches.

[0012] The sand-fixing unit includes multiple sand-fixing grid structures set on the ground in the photovoltaic array area. The sand-fixing grid structure includes radial segment structures and latitudinal segment structures that are connected in a cross shape.

[0013] The self-drip irrigation unit includes one or more simple self-drip irrigation devices, and one or more of the simple self-drip irrigation devices are installed in the photovoltaic array area.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for wind and sand protection in a photovoltaic array area. The method is implemented based on the aforementioned wind and sand protection system for a photovoltaic array area, and the method includes: setting up windbreak units in the photovoltaic panel area inside the photovoltaic array area, setting up sand-blocking units around the photovoltaic array area, setting up sand-fixing units on the ground of the photovoltaic array area, inserting cuttings or branches into the grid openings of the outer and / or inner walls of the tunnel-shaped structure, planting sand-resistant shrubs and cuttings or branches on the sand surface inside the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier, planting plants to establish dense vegetation belts at the upwind and downwind positions of the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier, planting plants to establish sparse vegetation belts on the ground inside the photovoltaic array area, and using a simple self-drip irrigation device to allow the plants inside the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier, the plants in the dense vegetation belt, and the plants in the sparse vegetation belt to grow.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0016] 1) The self-expanding windbreaks between the panels, arranged in a north-south direction within the site, will stretch the springs and locking ropes at the connection points when run over by vehicles traveling east-west in the inter-panel corridor. This prevents damage to the windbreaks and thus does not obstruct the passage of maintenance vehicles and personnel. While achieving windbreak between panels, it also solves the problem of conventional tall sand barriers hindering the passage of maintenance vehicles and personnel. Regardless of the angle of sunlight, these windbreaks will not obstruct the panels, avoiding the shading weakness of various tall sand barriers. The gap at the bottom of the windbreaks allows them to block wind but not sand. Under wind erosion, sand particles can pass smoothly through the photovoltaic field, preventing sand accumulation and topographical undulations, thus reducing the impact of strong winds and sand accumulation on the entire photovoltaic field facilities. The combination of sparse vegetation on the ground and high-level protective netting with gaps at the bottom suppresses wind speeds at different heights within the field, effectively preventing panels from being blown away by strong winds and reducing near-surface wind erosion.

[0017] 2) Compared to single-layer sand barriers, tunnel-shaped sand barriers have a closed double structure, which blocks the drag effect of the upper airflow on the surface airflow, effectively reducing the near-surface wind speed in the middle and leeward side of the sand barrier, and making the wind-blocking and sand accumulation effect more significant; a sand accumulation zone can be quickly formed at the bottom of the sand barrier. Over time, after the plants fix the sand accumulation surface, the sand barrier can be moved to the upwind area close to the original location to continue to play the role of blocking sand and building a sand accumulation zone, thus achieving reuse; the structure is simple and easy to install, the branch woven grid plate has high loading and transportation efficiency, and the total cost is low.

[0018] 3) The compactable sand-fixing grid is made of flexible plastic with a cylindrical perforated structure. It is elastic and can recover its original structure after being crushed and trampled by maintenance vehicles and personnel without affecting the sand-fixing effect. It is suitable for use inside photovoltaic array areas. The intersection points can be locked and fixed simply by overlapping the latitude and longitude crosses. The construction is convenient and quick, no columns are required, and the cost is low.

[0019] 4) The simple self-seepage irrigation device adopts a fully enclosed pipeline, can automatically seep out, and uses waste mineral water barrels as the main components. Compared with the traditional drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation technologies used in afforestation in the Gobi Desert, it has the advantages of not clogging, not freezing, and low cost. It is very suitable for the requirements of large-scale sparse and scattered planting in the Gobi Desert. The buried closed structure has a long project life.

[0020] 5) The wind and sand protection system for photovoltaic array areas provided by this invention includes a tunnel-shaped windbreak outside the site in the upwind direction and a simple self-drip irrigation planting system, which serves to block and stabilize sand. The windbreak units inside the photovoltaic array area serve to prevent wind and disperse sand. A small amount of flowing sand that passes through the tunnel-shaped windbreak enters the site and can be slowly dispersed from the gap at the bottom of the windbreak to the downwind direction of the site, and finally flows through the electric field to the far end. In addition, the sparse vegetation distributed inside the site also has the same function of blocking wind but not sand. The wind and sand protection system established by this invention reduces the wind speed inside the site and does not produce a large amount of sand accumulation, thereby reducing the occurrence of hazards such as panel overturning, erosion, and sand burial, and can effectively solve the wind protection problem inside photovoltaic sites in desert and barren areas. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the wind and sand protection system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the self-expanding windbreak structure between panels in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view of the self-expanding windbreak structure between panels in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the windbreak under the plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-resistance windbreak and the low-resistance windbreak in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the woven grid structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a compactable sand-fixing grid structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the latitudinal section of the compactable sand-fixing grid in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the latitudinal section of the compactable sand-fixing grid in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the radial section structure of the compactable sand-fixing grid in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a simplified self-drip irrigation device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water bucket and the drip irrigation pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 A photo showing the strong winds eroding the foundation piles of photovoltaic panels in the Shago desert region;

[0036] Figure 15 A photo showing how strong winds in the Sago desert region shattered solar panels.

[0037] Attached diagram descriptions: 1. North-South oriented windbreak; 11. Self-expanding windbreak between panels; 111. Mesh surface; 112. Sealing rope; 113. Hanging rod; 114. Spring; 115. Clamp; 116. Attached net; 12. Windbreak under the panel; 121. Mesh surface; 122. Sealing rope; 123. Hanging rod; 124. Sealing rope; 2. East-West oriented windbreak; 21. High windbreak; 211. Hanging rod; 22. Low windbreak; 221. Hanging rod; 3. Photovoltaic panel support; 4. Light... 5. Simple self-drip irrigation device, 51. Water bucket, 52. Drip irrigation pipe, 53. Positioning rod, 54. Main pipe, 541. Double quick-connect connector, 55. Branch pipe, 56. Conical moist soil structure, 6. Tunnel-shaped sand barrier, 61. Tunnel-shaped branch woven grid, 62. Planted shrubs, 63. Cuttings, 64. Cuttings, 65. Sand accumulation surface, 71. North wind, 72. West wind, 8. Ground, 9. Compactable sand-fixing grid, 91. Latitudinal section, 92. Radial section. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The invention will be more fully understood by reading the following detailed description. However, it should be understood that the detailed description disclosed below is merely exemplary of the invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the specific functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting, but rather as the basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to employ the invention in different ways in any suitable detailed embodiment.

[0039] As one aspect of the technical solution of this invention, it relates to a photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system, which includes:

[0040] Windbreak units are distributed among the photovoltaic panels within the photovoltaic array area. Each windbreak unit includes a north-south windbreak extending in a north-south direction and an east-west windbreak extending in an east-west direction. The north-south windbreak is used to at least block and / or weaken westerly winds, and the east-west windbreak is used to at least block and / or weaken northerly winds. The north-south and east-west windbreaks work together to form a grid structure. The north-south windbreak includes a self-expanding windbreak structure between panels and a windbreak structure under the panels. The windbreak structure under the panels and the self-expanding windbreak structure between panels are respectively set to correspond to the underside area of ​​the corresponding photovoltaic panel and the inter-panel area of ​​the corresponding photovoltaic panel. The east-west windbreak includes a high windbreak structure and a low windbreak structure. The high windbreak structure is set between the upper edge of the corresponding photovoltaic panel and the ground, and the low windbreak structure is set between the lower edge of the corresponding photovoltaic panel and the ground.

[0041] The sand-blocking barrier unit includes multiple tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers set on the north and west sides outside the photovoltaic array area. The extension direction of the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers is perpendicular to the corresponding prevailing wind direction. The tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers include tunnel-shaped structures formed by bending grid plates, and the grid plates are woven from plant branches.

[0042] The sand-fixing unit includes multiple sand-fixing grid structures set on the ground in the photovoltaic array area. The sand-fixing grid structure includes radial segment structures and latitudinal segment structures that are connected in a cross shape.

[0043] The self-drip irrigation unit includes one or more simple self-drip irrigation devices, and one or more of the simple self-drip irrigation devices are installed in the photovoltaic array area.

[0044] In some implementation schemes, 3-5 rows of north-south windbreaks are set up on the western edge of the photovoltaic array area, with a row spacing of 10-30m, and a blank strip with a width of 10-30m is set up every 3-5 rows.

[0045] Inside the photovoltaic array area, 1-3 rows of north-south windbreaks are set up in the middle area to the east, with a row spacing of 20-50m, and a blank strip with a width of 20-50m is set up every 1-3 rows.

[0046] The photovoltaic array area has 3-5 rows of east-west windbreaks on the north edge, with a row spacing of 10-15m, and a blank strip is set every 3-5 rows, with the width of the blank strip being 1-3 rows of the photovoltaic array.

[0047] Within the photovoltaic array area, 1-3 rows of east-west windbreaks are set up in the area southwards near the center, with a row spacing of 10-15m. A blank strip is set every 1-3 rows, with the width of the blank strip being the total width of 3-5 rows of photovoltaic arrays.

[0048] In some implementations, the overall height of the windbreak unit is below the height of the photovoltaic panel.

[0049] In some implementations, a gap is left between the lower part of the windbreak unit and the ground.

[0050] In some implementations, sparse vegetation strips are distributed on the ground of the photovoltaic array area.

[0051] In some embodiments, the sand-blocking barrier unit also includes dense vegetation belts distributed upwind and downwind of the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier.

[0052] In some implementations, the self-expanding windbreak structure between the panels includes a first mesh surface, a first locking rope, an elastic mechanism, a first counterweight mechanism, and an auxiliary net. The first locking rope is connected to the top edge of the first mesh surface, and its two ends are respectively connected to two adjacent photovoltaic supports via the elastic mechanism. The first counterweight mechanism is connected to the bottom edge of the first mesh surface and is suspended in the air. The auxiliary net is connected to the top edge of the first mesh surface and partially extends to cover the ground in the area between the photovoltaic panels.

[0053] In some implementations, the under-panel windbreak structure includes a second mesh surface and a second locking rope, wherein the second locking rope is connected to the top edge of the second mesh surface and its two ends are connected to two adjacent photovoltaic supports.

[0054] In some implementations, the high-resistance windbreak structure includes a third mesh surface and a third locking rope, wherein the third locking rope is connected to the top edge of the third mesh surface and its two ends are connected to two adjacent photovoltaic supports.

[0055] In some implementations, the low-resistance windbreak structure includes a fourth mesh surface and a fourth locking rope, wherein the fourth locking rope is combined with the top edge of the fourth mesh surface and its two ends are connected to two adjacent photovoltaic supports.

[0056] In some preferred embodiments, the elastic mechanism includes a spring and a clamp, one end of the spring being connected to a first locking rope and the other end being connected to the clamp, which is fixed to the photovoltaic bracket.

[0057] In some preferred embodiments, the first mesh surface includes, but is not limited to, any one of HDPE mesh, PLA wire mesh, nylon mesh, polyester fiber mesh, and steel wire mesh; the second, third, and fourth mesh surfaces include, but are not limited to, any one of perforated plates and woven grating plates. The first mesh surface needs to be compacted by vehicles, so a flexible mesh such as HDPE mesh is used, but rigid materials such as perforated plates or grating plates cannot be used.

[0058] In some preferred embodiments, the mesh openness of the first, second, third, and fourth mesh surfaces is 40-60%.

[0059] In some preferred embodiments, the distance between the bottom of the first, second, third, and fourth mesh surfaces and the ground of the photovoltaic array area is 10-30 cm.

[0060] In some preferred embodiments, the under-plate windbreak structure further includes a second counterweight mechanism, which is connected to the bottom edge of the second mesh surface and suspended in the air.

[0061] In some preferred embodiments, the high-resistance windbreak structure further includes a third counterweight mechanism, which is connected to the bottom edge of the third mesh surface and suspended in the air.

[0062] In some preferred embodiments, the low-resistance windbreak structure further includes a fourth counterweight mechanism, which is connected to the bottom edge of the fourth mesh surface and suspended in the air.

[0063] In some more preferred embodiments, the first counterweight mechanism, the second counterweight mechanism, the third counterweight mechanism, and the fourth counterweight mechanism include one or more pendant bars, or other counterweight objects other than pendant bars; the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0064] In some more preferred embodiments, the second, third, and fourth mesh surfaces include, but are not limited to, any one of HDPE mesh, PLA wire mesh, nylon mesh, polyester fiber mesh, steel wire mesh, perforated plates, and woven grating. When rigid materials such as perforated plates and gratings are used for the mesh surfaces, a counterweight mechanism is not required because the rigid materials have a certain weight and will not fly in the wind, thus providing good wind resistance even without counterweight. However, when flexible meshes such as HDPE mesh are used, a counterweight mechanism is required to increase their wind resistance.

[0065] In some implementations, multiple tunnel-shaped sand barriers are arranged in parallel strips, with 1-3 strips and a strip spacing of 20-100m.

[0066] In some implementations, the height of the tunnel-shaped structure is 0.5-2m.

[0067] In some embodiments, the diameter of the plant branch is 0.5-3 cm and the length of the plant branch is 0.5-4 m.

[0068] In some embodiments, the plant branches include any one or a combination of two or more of the following: tamarisk branches, sand willow branches, caragana branches, tamarisk branches, poplar branches, willow branches, bamboo strips, and bamboo chips.

[0069] In some embodiments, the tunnel-shaped sand barrier also includes plants or branches inserted into the grid openings of the outer and / or inner walls of the tunnel-shaped structure.

[0070] In some embodiments, the tunnel-shaped sand barrier also includes plants planted within the tunnel-shaped structure and / or cuttings or branches inserted into the sand surface within the tunnel-shaped structure.

[0071] In some preferred embodiments, the plants planted within the tunnel-shaped structure include, but are not limited to, any one or a combination of two or more sand-tolerant shrubs such as Calligonum mongolicum, Nitraria tangutorum, and Haloxylon ammodendron.

[0072] In some implementations, the radial and latitudinal segments are made of flexible plastic or rubber, and the radial and latitudinal segments are provided with through holes with a diameter of 1-3 cm and a porosity of 30-50%.

[0073] In some implementations, the radial segment structure is a complete cylindrical structure, and the latitudinal segment structure is a cylindrical structure with a notch, wherein the latitudinal segment structure and the radial segment structure are connected by a cross-shaped intersection through the notch.

[0074] In some preferred embodiments, the side length of the sand-fixing grid structure is 1-2m, and the diameter of the radial and latitudinal sections is 10-30cm.

[0075] In some implementation schemes, the radial and latitudinal structural sections of the sand-fixing unit can be selected from two types: one with denser pores and the other with larger pores. The denser pore structure itself serves to block wind and fix sand; while the larger pore structure can be filled with leafy plant branches or straw to enhance its wind-blocking and sand-fixing effect. The structure itself only serves to wrap and support the internal branches or straw, which are the ones that actually block wind and fix sand. The denser pore structure is more expensive but eliminates the filling step. The larger pore structure is less expensive but requires filling with branches or straw as a wind-blocking and sand-fixing structure. However, due to the presence of the filling material, it can form a solid three-dimensional structure with a certain degree of permeability, resulting in a better wind-blocking and sand-fixing effect.

[0076] In some implementations, the simple self-drip irrigation device includes a water storage container and a drip irrigation pipe. One end of the drip irrigation pipe is connected to the bottom of the water storage container, and the other end is closed. The pipe wall of the drip irrigation pipe is distributed with micropores. The simple self-drip irrigation device is buried underground, with the top of the water storage container exposed above the ground surface and the closed end of the drip irrigation pipe exposed above the ground surface.

[0077] In some preferred embodiments, the drip irrigation pipe is buried underground perpendicular to the ground surface.

[0078] In some preferred embodiments, the top of the water storage container protrudes 5-10 cm above the ground surface.

[0079] In some preferred embodiments, the simple self-drip irrigation device further includes a positioning rod connected to a closed end of the drip irrigation pipe.

[0080] In some preferred embodiments, the self-drip irrigation unit further includes a water supply pipe for supplying water to the simple self-drip irrigation device, the water supply pipe including a main pipe and branch pipes, the branch pipes being connected to the water storage container.

[0081] As another aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, a method for wind and sand protection in a photovoltaic array area is implemented based on the aforementioned wind and sand protection system for a photovoltaic array area. The method includes: setting up windbreak units in the photovoltaic panel area inside the photovoltaic array area, setting up sand-blocking units around the photovoltaic array area, setting up sand-fixing units on the ground of the photovoltaic array area, inserting cuttings or branches into the grid openings of the outer and / or inner walls of the tunnel-shaped structure, planting sand-resistant shrubs and cuttings or branches on the sand surface inside the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier, planting plants in the upwind and downwind areas of the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier to establish a dense plant belt, planting plants on the ground inside the photovoltaic array area to establish a sparse vegetation belt, and using a simple self-drip irrigation device to allow the plants inside the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier, the plants in the dense plant belt, and the plants in the sparse vegetation belt to grow.

[0082] The present invention is further illustrated below by way of examples, but the invention is not limited to the scope of the examples described. All reagents and raw materials used in the following examples are commercially available, and test methods not specifically specified are generally performed under conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.

[0083] Example

[0084] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a wind and sand protection system for a photovoltaic array area, including: a windbreak unit, a sand barrier unit, a sand fixation unit, and a self-drip irrigation unit.

[0085] The windbreak unit includes a north-south windbreak 1 and an east-west windbreak 2, which are used to reduce the wind speeds of the prevailing winds (westerly wind 72, northerly wind 71, and northwesterly wind) within the site area. The north-south and east-west windbreaks form a grid structure, distributed densely on the outside and sparsely on the inside of the site area, working together to block the prevailing westerly wind 72, northerly wind 71, and northwesterly wind, thereby reducing the wind speed within the site area.

[0086] The sand-blocking barrier unit comprises multiple tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers 6, which are arranged in parallel strips on the north and west sides of the electric field to block sandstorms from the prevailing wind direction outside the field area and weaken the sandstorm flow and wind force entering the field area. The specific length depends on the length of the western and northern edges of the electric field, with 1-3 strips and a spacing of 20-100m.

[0087] The sand-fixing unit consists of multiple compactable sand-fixing grids 9, distributed on the ground 8 of the photovoltaic array area.

[0088] The self-drip irrigation unit includes multiple simple self-drip irrigation devices 5, which are set inside the tunnel-shaped sand barrier 6, at the upwind edge and downwind edge, to establish a dense vegetation belt and combine with the tunnel-shaped sand barrier 6 to reduce the near-surface wind speed and fix the shifting sand on the periphery of the site; in addition, they are also set in the inter-slab area to establish a sparse vegetation belt to reduce the near-surface wind speed inside the site.

[0089] Specifically, plants suitable for the dense vegetation zone include *Nitraria tangutorum*, *Euphorbia tirucalli*, *Caragana korshinskii*, *Caragana sinica*, *Haloxylon ammodendron*, *Calligonum mongolicum*, and *Salix matsudana*. These plants vary in height and density, and their combination creates a dense protective structure with different forest layer structures on the periphery of the site, serving the dual functions of windbreak and sand fixation. Plants suitable for the sparse vegetation zone include *Nitraria tangutorum*, *Euphorbia tirucalli*, and *Calligonum mongolicum*. These plants are relatively short and sparsely distributed, and their combination creates a lower, sparse forest layer structure within the site, serving only the single function of windbreak and sand fixation within the site.

[0090] The combination of external windbreak and sand fixation with internal wind protection measures forms a wind and sand protection system for photovoltaic array areas suitable for desert and Gobi regions.

[0091] Specifically, the north-south windbreak 1 includes two types: the inter-panel self-expanding windbreak 11 and the under-panel windbreak 12. The barrier extends in the north-south direction and is used to block and weaken the westerly wind 72.

[0092] The east-west wind barrier 2 includes two types: high wind barrier 21 and low wind barrier 22. The barrier body extends in the east-west direction and is used to block and weaken the northerly wind 71.

[0093] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The self-expanding windbreak 11 between panels is mainly composed of a mesh 111, locking ropes 112, pendant rods 113, springs 114, clamps 115, and an attached net 116. The mesh 111 is rectangular, with one perimeter wrapped with ropes for locking. The locking rope 112 on the top edge of the mesh 111 is a rubber rope, while the other edges are ordinary ropes. The bottom edge is wrapped with multiple pendant rods 113. The ropes at the top left and right corners are respectively connected to one end of the spring 114, and the other end of the spring 114 is fixed to the photovoltaic panel bracket 3 with clamps 115.

[0094] The auxiliary net 116 is set perpendicular to the net surface 111. The auxiliary net 116 extends in an east-west direction, and its two ends extend to the east and west sides respectively in the inter-board passage. The two ends of the auxiliary net 116 are fixed to the ground surface by ground nails, and form an angle of 25-45 degrees with the ground surface.

[0095] The locking rope 112 at the top edge of the net 111 is located in the middle of the auxiliary net 116. The middle of the auxiliary net 116 and the locking rope at the top edge of the net 111 are connected and fixed to each other using rope or cable ties.

[0096] When the wheel runs over the auxiliary net 116, the auxiliary net applies a downward slanting pulling force to the top edge locking rope. The rubber rope and spring of the top edge locking will be stretched, and the top edge of the net will gradually fall. As the wheel continues to move forward, the top edge of the net will be close to the ground to allow the vehicle to pass. After the vehicle passes, the locking rope and spring will spring back to their original positions, and the net will return to its original position to continue to play its role in blocking the wind.

[0097] Please see Figure 4 The windbreak 12 under the board is mainly composed of a net surface 121, a locking rope 122, a pendant bar 123, and an extension section of the locking rope. The net surface 121 is rectangular, with a rope locking edge wrapped around one side. The locking ropes are all ordinary ropes. Multiple pendant bars 123 are wrapped around the bottom edge, and the extension sections of the locking rope on the left and right sides of the top edge are respectively wrapped and tied to the support.

[0098] Please see Figure 5 High-resistance windbreak 21 is set between the upper edge of the photovoltaic panel 4 and the ground 8, and low-resistance windbreak 22 is set between the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 4 and the ground 8.

[0099] The high-resistance windbreak 21 is mainly composed of a net surface, locking ropes, pendant bars 211, and extension sections of locking ropes. The net surface is rectangular, with one perimeter wrapped with ropes for locking. The locking ropes are all ordinary ropes. Multiple pendant bars 211 are wrapped around the bottom edge, and the extension sections of locking ropes on the left and right sides of the top edge are respectively wrapped and tied to the photovoltaic panel bracket 3.

[0100] The low-resistance windbreak 22 is mainly composed of a mesh surface, locking ropes, pendant bars 221, and extension sections of locking ropes. The mesh surface is rectangular, with one perimeter wrapped with ropes for locking. The locking ropes are all ordinary ropes. Multiple pendant bars 221 are wrapped around the bottom edge, and the extension sections of locking ropes on the left and right sides of the top edge are respectively wrapped and tied to the photovoltaic panel bracket 3.

[0101] The above four types of windbreaks form a large grid structure, which, from the outside in, weakens the westerly, northerly, and northwesterly winds through multiple combinations.

[0102] In the western edge area of ​​the electric field, there are many rows of north-south wind barriers with small spacing, ranging from 3 to 5 rows with a spacing of 10 to 30 meters. A blank strip with a width of 10 to 30 meters is set every 3 to 5 rows. In the eastern middle area of ​​the electric field, there are fewer rows of north-south wind barriers with larger spacing, ranging from 1 to 3 rows with a spacing of 20 to 50 meters. A blank strip with a width of 20 to 50 meters is set every 1 to 3 rows.

[0103] In the northern edge area of ​​the power field, there are more rows of east-west windbreaks, 3-5 rows in total, with a row spacing of 10-15m. A blank strip is placed every 3-5 rows, with a width equal to the total width of 1-3 rows of photovoltaic arrays. In the southern part of the field, closer to the center, there are fewer rows of east-west windbreaks, 1-3 rows in total, with a row spacing of 10-15m. A blank strip is placed every 1-3 rows, with a width equal to the total width of 3-5 rows of photovoltaic arrays. Typically, the width of one row of photovoltaic arrays is approximately 10-15m.

[0104] The mesh surface of the four types of windbreaks can be made of HDPE, PLA wire mesh, nylon mesh, or steel wire mesh. Under-panel windbreaks, high-resistance windbreaks, and low-resistance windbreaks all use fixed mesh surfaces. They can also be made of perforated panels, woven grating, etc. When using perforated panels and grating, it is not necessary to wrap the bottom edge with a weight bar as a counterweight mechanism. Branches can be inserted into the mesh openings of perforated panels and woven grating; the flexible branches can absorb and weaken some wind energy, thus increasing wind resistance efficiency. For self-expanding windbreaks between panels, because they are designed for vehicle passage, perforated panels and woven grating cannot be used.

[0105] The mesh permeability of all four types of windbreaks is 40-60%; gaps, 20-40cm high, are left at a certain height above the ground at the bottom of each mesh. The hanging rods are steel bars, 1-3cm in diameter and 10-30cm in length, wrapped around the bottom edge at 30-100cm intervals. The top edge locking rope is made of rubber, characterized by high tensile strength, aging resistance, and durability.

[0106] In this embodiment, the self-expanding windbreak between the panels, which is set in a north-south direction inside the site, will stretch the springs and locking ropes at the connection points on both sides when it is run over by vehicles traveling in the east-west direction in the corridor between the panels. The windbreak will not be damaged, so it will not obstruct the passage of maintenance vehicles and personnel. While achieving windbreak between the panels, it also solves the problem of conventional high-rise sand barriers obstructing the passage of maintenance vehicles and personnel between the panels.

[0107] In this embodiment, the windbreak will not obstruct the panel regardless of the angle of sunlight, thus avoiding the shading weakness of various tall sand barriers. This is also the premise and advantage of the windbreak of the present invention being able to be installed inside the site.

[0108] In this embodiment, gaps are left at a certain height above the ground at the bottom of all windbreaks, so that the windbreaks only block wind and not sand. Under wind erosion, sand particles can pass smoothly through the photovoltaic field area, preventing sand accumulation within the area and avoiding topographical undulations, thus reducing the impact of strong winds and sand accumulation on the entire photovoltaic field facilities.

[0109] In this embodiment, the combination of sparse vegetation strips on the ground inside the site and high-altitude protective netting with gaps at the bottom (i.e., windbreak structure) can suppress wind speeds at different heights inside the site, effectively prevent the panels from being blown away by strong winds, and reduce wind erosion near the ground surface.

[0110] Please see Figure 6 The tunnel-shaped sand barrier 6 consists of four parts: a tunnel-shaped woven grid 61, planted shrubs 62, cuttings 63, and cuttings 64.

[0111] A tunnel-shaped structure is formed by a grid panel woven from multiple branches, bent in the middle and fixed to the ground on both sides with stakes. The tunnel extends perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and multiple tunnel-shaped structures are connected by wires along their sides. Plants or branches are inserted into the grid openings on the outer and inner walls of the tunnel structure. Inside the tunnel, a simple self-drip irrigation device is used to plant sand-tolerant shrubs such as Calligonum mongolicum, Nitraria tangutorum, and Haloxylon ammodendron, as well as cuttings or branches, forming a flexible sand-blocking layer inside and outside the tunnel. Once the sand inside the tunnel reaches a certain thickness and the plants cover and fix the sand surface, the tunnel-shaped sand barrier can be moved to an upwind area close to its original location to continue its function of blocking sand and creating a sand accumulation zone.

[0112] The rectangular grid plate has a side length of 2-3m. The extension length of multiple tunnels perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction depends on the scope of the protected object, and is generally set to be from tens of meters to hundreds of meters. The tunnel-shaped sand barrier is set in multiple parallel lines perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, with blank zones in between.

[0113] The aforementioned grating panels are treated with asphalt impregnation or surface carbonization to improve their service life. The overall height from the ground surface is 0.5-2m. The branches of the grating panels have a diameter of 0.5-3cm and a length of 0.5-4m, and are made from branches of plants such as tamarisk, sand willow, caragana, and tamarisk. Images of grating panels woven from these branches are shown below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0114] In this embodiment, compared with a single-layer sand barrier, the tunnel-shaped sand barrier has a closed double structure, which blocks the drag effect of the upper airflow on the surface airflow, effectively reducing the near-surface wind speed in the middle and leeward side of the sand barrier, and making the wind-blocking and sand-accumulation effect more significant. A sand accumulation zone can be quickly formed at the bottom of the sand barrier. Over time, after the plants fix the sand accumulation surface, the sand barrier can be moved to the upwind area close to the original position to continue to play the role of blocking sand and building a sand accumulation zone, thus achieving reuse. Its structure is simple and easy to install, and the woven grating plate of branches has high loading and transportation efficiency and low total cost.

[0115] Please see Figures 8 to 11 The compactable sand-fixing grid 9 is a sand-fixing grid formed by radial sections 91 and latitudinal sections 92 arranged in a cross pattern. Both radial sections 91 and latitudinal sections 92 are perforated cylindrical structures made of flexible plastic. Among them, radial section 91 is a complete cylindrical structure, and latitudinal section 92 is a cylindrical structure with notches.

[0116] The sand-fixing grids are deployed between or under the photovoltaic array panels.

[0117] The grid has a side length of 1-2m, and the height of the grid, i.e., the diameter of the cylinder, is 10-30cm. The cylinder is densely covered with holes of 2-4cm, with a porosity of 30-50%.

[0118] In this embodiment, the cylindrical perforated structure made of flexible plastic is elastic and can recover its original structure after being run over and trampled by maintenance vehicles and personnel, without affecting the sand-fixing effect. It is suitable for use inside photovoltaic array areas. Simply overlapping the latitude and longitude lines at their intersections is sufficient to lock and fix the points, making construction convenient and quick, eliminating the need for columns, and reducing costs.

[0119] Please see Figure 12 and Figure 13The simple self-drip irrigation device 5 includes a main pipe 54, branch pipes 55, a water bucket 51, drip irrigation pipes 52, and a positioning rod 53. The main pipe 54 extends east-west between and under the slabs. The middle part of the branch pipe is vertically connected to the main pipe 54 using a double-connector quick-connect joint 541, forming an irrigation belt extending east-west perpendicular to the north wind. One end of the main pipe 54 is a quick-connect joint, and the other end is sealed with a plug. The water bucket 51 is an upright, buried waste mineral water bucket, with only the lid protruding above the ground. The middle of the lid is connected to the branch pipe 55 via a double-connector. The drip irrigation pipe 52 is buried vertically underground. The bottom end of the drip irrigation pipe 52 bends upward to connect with the center of the bottom of the water bucket 51, and the top end protrudes 5-10cm above the ground surface and is sealed with a plug before being tied to the lower part of the positioning rod 53.

[0120] Both the main pipe 54 and the branch pipes 55 are made of rubber or plastic flexible hoses. The main pipe has a diameter of 2-5cm, the branch pipes have a diameter of 0.5-2cm, and the branch pipes are spaced 1-5m apart. The drip irrigation pipe 52 is a gravity-flow type without pressure, with a wall covered with microporous structures and a diameter of 0.5-2cm. The water bucket 51 is a container that can hold water, such as a discarded mineral water bottle or a plastic bucket, with a volume of 5-30 liters.

[0121] The implementation method of the simple self-drip irrigation device is as follows: Connect the double-ended quick-connect fitting at one end of the main pipe to the outlet of the water truck's water pipe. When water begins to seep from the drip irrigation pipe at the other end of the main pipe above the ground or the ground becomes wet, it indicates that all buckets are full. The connection to the water truck can then be disconnected, and the irrigation operation can proceed to the next pipe fitting position. Pressurized water injection can be used to increase the irrigation speed.

[0122] In this embodiment, since the simple self-drip irrigation device uses a fully enclosed pipeline, can automatically leak, and uses waste mineral water barrels as the main components, it has advantages such as not clogging, not freezing, and low cost compared with the traditional drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation technologies used for afforestation in the Gobi Desert. It is very suitable for the large-scale sparse and scattered planting requirements in the Gobi Desert.

[0123] In this embodiment, the vertically installed irrigation pipes create a conical moist soil structure 56 underground through irrigation, allowing water to penetrate the topsoil and soil layers at different depths. This provides water to the root system at different depths throughout the entire growth cycle of seedlings and mature plants, especially in deep soil layers. Since wind and sand may bury the exposed portion of the irrigation pipes, a top positioning rod can accurately locate the position of the irrigation pipes, facilitating accurate positioning of planting points and subsequent maintenance of the irrigation pipes.

[0124] In this embodiment, apart from the underground drip irrigation pipe wall being densely covered with micropores, all other components of the drip irrigation device are sealed structures, preventing blockage and eliminating the risk of sand burial.

[0125] In this embodiment, the drip irrigation pipe is a buried, ventilated structure, so the entire irrigation device can be pressurized with a water pump to increase irrigation efficiency.

[0126] In this embodiment, the irrigation device has low requirements for water quality and can utilize domestic sewage, which, after simple filtration, is directly poured into the bucket. The subsequent irrigation process is entirely gravity-fed and unattended; it requires no power, saves water and labor, and the water can directly reach the entire soil layer covering the plant roots, adapting to plants at different growth stages; the drip irrigation pipe has a three-dimensional porous structure, preventing clogging and freezing in winter, resulting in high irrigation efficiency. Due to its underground, sealed structure, it has a long service life.

[0127] In summary, the wind and sand protection system provided in this embodiment achieves a comprehensive effect of windbreak, sand blocking, and sand stabilization through windbreaks inside the site, tunnel-shaped sand barriers upwind outside the site, and supporting simple self-draining irrigation planting measures. A small amount of drifting sand that passes through the tunnel-shaped sand barriers and enters the site can be slowly transported downwind from the gaps at the bottom of the windbreaks, and finally transported to a distant location through the electric field. In addition, the sparse vegetation distributed inside the site also has the same effect of blocking wind but not sand. These measures reduce wind speed inside the site and prevent the accumulation of large amounts of sand, thereby reducing the occurrence of damage such as panel overturning, erosion, and sand burial, and effectively solving the wind protection problem inside photovoltaic sites in desert and barren areas.

[0128] In addition, the inventors of this case also conducted experiments with other raw materials, process operations, and process conditions described in this specification, referring to the aforementioned embodiments, and obtained relatively ideal results in all cases.

[0129] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wind and sand protection system for a photovoltaic array area, characterized in that, include: Windbreak units are distributed among the photovoltaic panels within the photovoltaic array area. Each windbreak unit includes a north-south windbreak extending in a north-south direction and an east-west windbreak extending in an east-west direction. The north-south windbreak is used to at least block and / or weaken westerly winds, and the east-west windbreak is used to at least block and / or weaken northerly winds. The north-south and east-west windbreaks work together to form a grid structure. The north-south windbreak includes a self-expanding windbreak structure between panels and a windbreak structure under the panels. The windbreak structure under the panels and the self-expanding windbreak structure between panels are respectively set to correspond to the underside area of ​​the corresponding photovoltaic panel and the inter-panel area of ​​the corresponding photovoltaic panel. The east-west windbreak includes a high windbreak structure and a low windbreak structure. The high windbreak structure is set between the upper edge of the corresponding photovoltaic panel and the ground, and the low windbreak structure is set between the lower edge of the corresponding photovoltaic panel and the ground. The sand-blocking barrier unit includes multiple tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers set on the north and west sides outside the photovoltaic array area. The extension direction of the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers is perpendicular to the corresponding prevailing wind direction. The tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers include tunnel-shaped structures formed by bending grid plates, and the grid plates are woven from plant branches. The sand-fixing unit includes multiple sand-fixing grid structures set on the ground in the photovoltaic array area. The sand-fixing grid structure includes radial segment structures and latitudinal segment structures that are connected in a cross shape. The self-drip irrigation unit includes one or more simple self-drip irrigation devices, and one or more of the simple self-drip irrigation devices are installed in the photovoltaic array area.

2. The photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The western edge area of ​​the photovoltaic array area is provided with 3-5 rows of north-south windbreaks with a row spacing of 10-30m, and a blank strip with a width of 10-30m is provided every 3-5 rows. Inside the photovoltaic array area, 1-3 rows of north-south windbreaks are set up in the middle area to the east, with a row spacing of 20-50m, and a blank strip with a width of 20-50m is set up every 1-3 rows. The photovoltaic array area has 3-5 rows of east-west windbreaks on the north edge, with a row spacing of 10-15m, and a blank strip is set every 3-5 rows, with the width of the blank strip being 1-3 rows of the photovoltaic array. Within the photovoltaic array area, 1-3 rows of east-west windbreaks are set up in the area southwards near the center, with a row spacing of 10-15m. A blank strip is set every 1-3 rows, with the width of the blank strip being the total width of 3-5 rows of photovoltaic arrays.

3. The photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall height of the windbreak unit is below the height of the photovoltaic panel surface; And / or, a gap is left between the lower part of the windbreak unit and the ground; And / or, sparse vegetation belts are distributed on the ground of the photovoltaic array area; And / or, the sand-blocking barrier unit also includes dense vegetation belts distributed upwind and downwind of the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier.

4. The photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-expanding windbreak structure between the panels includes a first mesh surface, a first locking rope, an elastic mechanism, a first counterweight mechanism, and an auxiliary net. The first locking rope is connected to the top edge of the first mesh surface, and its two ends are respectively connected to two adjacent photovoltaic supports via the elastic mechanism. The first counterweight mechanism is connected to the bottom edge of the first mesh surface and is suspended in the air. The auxiliary net is connected to the top edge of the first mesh surface and partially extends to cover the ground in the area between the photovoltaic panels. And / or, the windbreak structure under the panel includes a second mesh surface and a second locking rope, wherein the second locking rope is combined with the top edge of the second mesh surface and its two ends are connected to two adjacent photovoltaic supports; And / or, the high-resistance windbreak structure includes a third mesh surface and a third locking rope, wherein the third locking rope is combined with the top edge of the third mesh surface and its two ends are connected to two adjacent photovoltaic supports; And / or, the low-resistance windbreak structure includes a fourth mesh surface and a fourth locking rope, wherein the fourth locking rope is combined with the top edge of the fourth mesh surface and its two ends are connected to two adjacent photovoltaic supports.

5. The photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic mechanism includes a spring and a clamp. One end of the spring is connected to the first locking rope, and the other end is connected to the clamp. The clamp is fixed to the photovoltaic bracket. And / or, the first mesh surface includes any one of HDPE mesh, PLA wire mesh, nylon mesh, polyester fiber mesh, and steel wire mesh, and the second, third, and fourth mesh surfaces include any one of perforated plates and woven grating plates. And / or, the mesh openness of the first, second, third, and fourth mesh surfaces is 40-60%; And / or, the distance between the bottom of the first mesh, the second mesh, the third mesh, and the fourth mesh and the ground of the photovoltaic array area is 10-30cm.

6. The photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The windbreak structure under the plate also includes a second counterweight mechanism, which is connected to the bottom edge of the second mesh surface and suspended in the air. And / or, the high-resistance windbreak structure further includes a third counterweight mechanism, which is connected to the bottom edge of the third mesh surface and suspended in the air; And / or, the low-resistance windbreak structure further includes a fourth counterweight mechanism, which is connected to the bottom edge of the fourth mesh surface and suspended in the air; Preferably, the first counterweight mechanism, the second counterweight mechanism, the third counterweight mechanism, and the fourth counterweight mechanism each include one or more pendant rods; Preferably, the second, third, and fourth mesh surfaces include any one of HDPE mesh, PLA wire mesh, nylon mesh, polyester fiber mesh, steel wire mesh, perforated plate, and woven grating.

7. The photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barriers are arranged in parallel strips, with 1-3 strips and a strip spacing of 20-100m; And / or, the height of the tunnel-shaped structure is 0.5-2m; And / or, the diameter of the plant branch is 0.5-3cm, and the length of the plant branch is 0.5-4m; And / or, the plant branches include any one or more of the following: tamarisk branches, sand willow branches, caragana branches, tamarisk branches, poplar branches, willow branches, bamboo strips, and bamboo chips; And / or, the tunnel-shaped sand barrier also includes plants or branches inserted into the grid openings of the outer and / or inner walls of the tunnel-shaped structure; And / or, the tunnel-shaped sand barrier also includes plants planted within the tunnel-shaped structure and / or cuttings or branches inserted into the sand surface within the tunnel-shaped structure. Preferably, the plants planted within the tunnel-shaped structure include any one or a combination of two or more of the following: Calligonum mongolicum, Nitraria tangutorum, and Haloxylon ammodendron.

8. The photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial and latitudinal structural sections are made of flexible plastic or rubber, and through holes are distributed on the radial and latitudinal structural sections, with a hole diameter of 1-3 cm and a porosity of 30-50%. And / or, the radial segment structure is a complete cylindrical structure, the latitudinal segment structure is a cylindrical structure with a notch, and the latitudinal segment structure and the radial segment structure are connected by a cross-shaped intersection through the notch; Preferably, the side length of the sand-fixing grid structure is 1-2m, and the diameter of the radial and latitudinal sections is 10-30cm.

9. The photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simple self-drip irrigation device includes a water storage container and a drip irrigation pipe. One end of the drip irrigation pipe is connected to the bottom of the water storage container, and the other end is closed. The pipe wall of the drip irrigation pipe is distributed with micropores. The simple self-drip irrigation device is buried underground, with the top of the water storage container exposed above the ground surface and the closed end of the drip irrigation pipe exposed above the ground surface. Preferably, the drip irrigation pipe is buried underground perpendicular to the ground surface; Preferably, the top of the water storage container protrudes 5-10cm above the ground surface; Preferably, the simple self-drip irrigation device further includes a positioning rod, which is connected to the closed end of the drip irrigation pipe. Preferably, the self-percolation irrigation unit further includes a water supply pipe for supplying water to the simple self-percolation irrigation device. The water supply pipe includes a main pipe and branch pipes, and the branch pipes are connected to the water storage container.

10. A method for wind and sand protection in a photovoltaic array area, characterized in that, The method is implemented based on the photovoltaic array area wind and sand protection system according to any one of claims 1-9, and the method includes: setting windbreak units in the photovoltaic panel area inside the photovoltaic array area, setting sand-blocking units around the photovoltaic array area, setting sand-fixing units on the ground of the photovoltaic array area, inserting cuttings or branches into the grid openings of the outer and / or inner walls of the tunnel-shaped structure, planting sand-resistant shrubs and cuttings or branches on the sand surface inside the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier, planting plants in the upwind and downwind areas of the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier to establish dense plant belts, planting plants on the ground inside the photovoltaic array area to establish sparse vegetation belts, and using a simple self-drip irrigation device to grow the plants inside the tunnel-shaped sand-blocking barrier, the plants in the dense plant belts, and the plants in the sparse vegetation belts.

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