Pushing mechanism for hydraulic piercing device and piercing device
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
Smart Images
Figure CN122106450A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil well logging technology, specifically to a pushing mechanism and a drilling device for a hydraulic drilling apparatus. Background Technology
[0002] During the exploration and development of oil and gas fields, complex downhole engineering situations frequently arise, such as well completion strings getting stuck or tubing or drill pipe failing to circulate well fluid normally. These situations necessitate pressurized perforation to connect the oil (drill) casing before cutting and pull-out operations. Therefore, the perforation tools or equipment used are crucial. Currently, cable-driven shaped charge perforators are mainly used; however, the explosives, shaped charge perforating shells, and electric detonators used are all strictly controlled civilian explosives. Prior to use, transportation and blasting permits are required, which are cumbersome and time-consuming, making it difficult to meet the need for rapid response to complex downhole string situations. Therefore, an electro-hydraulic downhole string perforation tool that does not require civilian explosives is needed.
[0003] Patent CN202311618506.4 discloses a downhole rotary positioning tubing drilling device and its usage method, including an open-arm positioning unit, a rotating unit, and a drilling unit. A threaded shaft is driven to rotate, and two sets of rollers are moved out from openings on both sides of the housing. The rollers are supported by the inner wall of the tubing. This downhole rotary positioning tubing drilling device effectively prevents slippage and facilitates rapid retrieval.
[0004] US Patent 2016237793A1 discloses a tool and method for mechanically punching downhole tubing, including a tool housing; a plurality of stamping members slidably mounted in the housing for moving between a radially contracted position and a radially extended position; and at least one hydraulic channel defined in the housing, with at least one hydraulic communication channel for driving a hydraulically driven clamping assembly of the plurality of stamping members for clamping downhole tubing. The punch includes a plurality of biasing members positioned to bias the plurality of stamping members toward the radially contracted position. In this punch, the plurality of stamping members extend from corresponding plurality of hydraulically driven pistons that communicate hydraulically with the hydraulic channel.
[0005] However, existing drilling devices, such as electro-hydraulic downhole tubing perforation tools located in confined spaces like tubing and drill pipes, require the drill bit end to remain firmly against the inner wall of the tubing during perforation operations from the inside out to ensure proper drilling. Therefore, a push-and-hold mechanism is used to secure the perforation tool. However, existing push-and-hold mechanisms are complex and poorly arranged, failing to effectively secure the perforation tool in confined spaces, resulting in low perforation efficiency and a high risk of drill bit jamming or even breakage. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a pushing mechanism and a drilling device for a hydraulic drilling device. The eccentric pushing mechanism stably fixes the hydraulic drilling device in the pipeline, thus solving the problem of tool retraction during the drilling process.
[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: In the first aspect, this application provides a pushing mechanism for a hydraulic piercing device, including two pushing devices for fixed connection to both sides of the hydraulic piercing device. Each pushing device includes a pushing body, a telescopic device, and a pushing arm. One end of the pusher body is used to connect to the hydraulic piercing device, the telescopic device is connected to the pusher body, and the movement direction of the telescopic device is parallel to the piercing direction of the hydraulic piercing device. One end of the pusher arm is hinged to the pusher body. When the telescopic device extends, it can make the free end of the pusher arm rotate until it abuts against the wellbore.
[0008] Preferably, the push-back body is provided with multiple push-back arms, the middle of the multiple push-back arms is slidably connected to the moving end of the telescopic device, and the multiple push-back arms are distributed in a fan shape when they are unfolded.
[0009] Preferably, the upper end of the hinge arm is connected to the groove on the push-abutment body, and the telescopic device is in the retracted state with the hinge arm located in the groove.
[0010] Preferably, the push arm of the push device at the lower part of the hydraulic piercing device is hinged to the hydraulic piercing device at its end.
[0011] Preferably, the free end of the push arm is provided with a friction structure to increase the friction between the push arm and the wellbore.
[0012] Preferably, the telescopic device is a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinders of the two pushing devices are connected in series and controlled synchronously.
[0013] Preferably, any of the pushing devices is provided with a drill bit reset device for the hydraulic piercing device, including an energy storage cylinder and an energy storage device; The energy storage cylinder is connected in series between the oil inlet chamber and the oil return chamber of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic piercing device. The energy storage device is installed in the energy storage cylinder. When the hydraulic piercing device is working, the energy storage device stores energy under the action of hydraulic force. When the hydraulic piercing device is in a deactivated state, the energy storage device releases energy to reset the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic piercing device.
[0014] Preferably, the energy storage device includes a piston and an elastic element. When the hydraulic piercing device is working, oil enters the energy storage cylinder and can drive the piston to compress the elastic element.
[0015] Preferably, the elastic device is a high-elastic rubber, a spring, or a disc spring.
[0016] Preferably, the inlet chambers of the hydraulic cylinders of the two pushing devices are connected in series, and the return chamber of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic piercing device is connected in series with the return chambers of the hydraulic cylinders of the two pushing devices.
[0017] Secondly, this application provides a piercing device, including a piercing material and the aforementioned pushing mechanism, wherein the upper pushing device and the lower pushing device are disposed on both sides of the piercing material.
[0018] Thirdly, this application provides a hydraulic piercing device, including a hydraulic control system and the piercing device.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The pushing device provided in this application can be detachably connected to the perforation device without affecting the independent operation of the perforation device. This pushing device provides stable support at the upper and lower ends of the perforation device, securely fixing it and thus significantly improving the efficiency of perforation operations. Simultaneously, during perforation, the perforation device maintains a stable posture in contact with the wellbore, making perforation more accurate and faster, achieving efficient perforation operations and improving oil and gas extraction efficiency. Furthermore, the telescopic devices of the two pushing devices are synchronously controlled, simultaneously driving both devices to extend or retract, improving the safety of perforation operations. Finally, the design of this pushing mechanism is relatively simple, with convenient connection and disassembly of each component, facilitating maintenance and replacement. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 This is an installation diagram of the present invention in an electro-hydraulic drilling tool.
[0022] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the upward pushing structure of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the push-down structure of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 4 This is a simplified diagram of the force distribution in the layout of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 5 This is a spatial diagram of the oil passage of the upper push-up body of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 6 This is a spatial diagram of the oil passage of the push-down body of the present invention.
[0027] In the diagram: 1. Upward pusher body; 2. Socket; 3. First connecting ring; 4. Upward pusher arm; 5. Upper telescopic cylinder; 6. Second connecting ring; 7. First oil inlet; 8. Second oil inlet; 9. Return oil line; 21. Downward pusher body; 22. Downward pusher arm; 23. Third connecting ring; 24. Lower telescopic cylinder; 25. Piston; 26. Disc spring; 27. Third oil inlet; 100. Upward pusher device; 200. Hydraulic piercing device; 300. Downward pusher device; 400. Drill bit reset device. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0030] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0032] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0034] The perforation tool is responsible for creating a channel between the wellbore and the reservoir, allowing oil and gas to flow smoothly into the wellbore and thus improving production efficiency. During the perforation process, the perforation tool needs to be lowered to the target position in the wellbore and then fixed to achieve efficient radial perforation of the wellbore. Based on the problem of unstable fixation of existing perforation devices in the wellbore, this application proposes a pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device.
[0035] A pushing mechanism for a hydraulic piercing device includes two pushing devices for being fixedly connected to both sides of the hydraulic piercing device and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the hydraulic piercing device.
[0036] The pushing device includes a pushing body, a telescopic device, and a pushing arm; One end of the push body is used to connect to the hydraulic piercing device, the telescopic device is connected to the push body, and the movement direction of the telescopic device is parallel to the piercing direction of the hydraulic piercing device. One end of the push arm is hinged to the push body. The telescopic devices of the two push-fitting devices are controlled synchronously. When the telescopic device extends, it can make the free end of the push-fitting arm rotate until it comes into contact with the wellbore.
[0037] This push-back mechanism for a hydraulic piercing device, with two push-back devices symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected on both sides of the device, significantly improves the stability of the piercing device within the wellbore. This design helps prevent inaccurate piercing or equipment damage caused by device swaying or offset during the piercing process, enhancing the stability of the hydraulic piercing device. Secondly, the hinged design between the push-back arm and the push-back body allows the push-back arm to adaptively adjust according to the diameter and shape of the wellbore. When the telescopic device extends, the push-back arm can rotate freely until it is in close contact with the inner wall of the wellbore, ensuring stable operation of the piercing device in wellbores of different sizes, making this push-back mechanism flexible and adaptable to different wellbores.
[0038] Because the pushing mechanism can stably fix the perforating device, it can greatly improve the efficiency of perforation operations. During the perforation process, the perforating device can maintain a stable posture, making perforation more accurate and faster, achieving efficient perforation operations, and thus improving the efficiency of oil and gas extraction. In addition, the extension and retraction devices of the two pushing devices are synchronously controlled, which means that the operator only needs to control a switch or button to drive both extension and retraction devices to extend or retract simultaneously. This design simplifies the operation process, reduces the difficulty of operation, and also improves the safety of the operation. Finally, the design of the pushing mechanism is relatively simple, and the connection and disassembly between the various components are convenient, making maintenance and replacement easy. Therefore, when maintenance or replacement of parts is required, the operator can complete the relevant work more easily, reducing maintenance costs and time.
[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned solution of the present invention, in some embodiments, each pushing device is provided with at least one pushing arm. At the same time, in order to reduce the radial distance between the hydraulic drilling device and the wellbore, the pushing arm and the drill bit of the hydraulic drilling device are respectively located on the symmetrical sides of the pushing body. Under the action of the telescopic device, the pushing arm rotates and opens, which can make the hydraulic drilling device fit tightly against the wellbore. This not only shortens the drilling distance, but also improves the stability of the hydraulic drilling device.
[0040] The upper end of the push rod is hinged to the push body, and the middle part of the push rod is movably connected to the working end of the telescopic device. This design increases the rotation range of the lower end of the push arm, making the push mechanism applicable to wellbores of different diameters.
[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned solution in this application, in some embodiments, in order to further improve the stability of the hydraulic piercing device, each pusher body is provided with multiple pusher arms. The ends of the multiple pusher arms are hinged to the pusher body and arranged sequentially along the surface of the pusher body. The lower part of the multiple pusher walls is located on the movement path of the telescopic device. When the telescopic device extends, it simultaneously applies a thrust to the multiple pusher walls, causing each pusher arm to rotate and abut against the inner wall of the wellbore. In this solution, by having multiple pusher arms abut against the wellbore, the hydraulic piercing device is provided with multi-point support, further improving stability.
[0042] The upper ends of multiple push arms are hinged to the push body, and adjacent push arms are set at an angle. A push plate is set at the piston end of the telescopic device. The length of the push plate extends along the circumference of the well shaft. When the telescopic device is working, it drives the push plate to move, and multiple push arms can be driven to move simultaneously through the push plate.
[0043] In some embodiments, in order to achieve synchronous control of multiple push arms, multiple sliding holes are provided on the push plate. During the process of the telescopic device driving the push plate to extend horizontally, multiple push arms move and unfold along the sliding holes, and the multiple push arms are distributed in a fan shape.
[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned solution in this application, a friction structure is provided at the contact end of the push rod arm with the well barrel to increase friction and improve the stability of the hydraulic piercing device.
[0045] The friction structure can be a friction pattern, a rubber block, or a rubber block with a friction pattern. The friction pattern can be a mesh pattern, a wave pattern, or a toothed pattern formed on the friction block. The friction block is connected to the push arm and can generate a certain range of angular rotation. Its purpose is to increase the contact area between the friction structure and the wellbore.
[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned solution in this application, the telescopic device is an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder, and the two electric push rods are synchronously controlled by a controller; when a hydraulic cylinder is used, the oil circuits of the two hydraulic cylinders are connected in series to achieve synchronous control of the two hydraulic cylinders. Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder is used. In order to reduce the size of the hydraulic cylinder and ensure that it has sufficient extension, a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is used. The oil inlet circuits of the two multi-stage hydraulic cylinders are connected in series, and the oil return circuits of the two multi-stage hydraulic cylinders are connected in series. The oil inlet circuit and oil return circuit of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the hydraulic control system to achieve synchronous control of the two multi-stage hydraulic cylinders.
[0047] A multi-stage extendable hydraulic cylinder is a composite cylinder system consisting of two or more pistons assembled together. The cylinders are connected by oil pipes to form a closed hydraulic system. The working principle of a multi-stage extendable hydraulic cylinder is similar to that of a regular hydraulic cylinder. In the hydraulic system, the hydraulic pump uses pressurized oil to push the oil in the cylinders into each stage, thereby achieving the extension and retraction of the cylinders. Specifically, when the hydraulic pump delivers pressurized oil into the system, the pressurized oil first flows into the inlet channel of the first-stage hydraulic cylinder, pushing the piston of the first-stage hydraulic cylinder outward. When the piston of the first-stage hydraulic cylinder reaches a certain position, the pressurized oil flows through its outlet channel into the inlet channel of the second-stage hydraulic cylinder, continuing to push the piston of the second-stage hydraulic cylinder outward. This process continues, with each stage of the hydraulic cylinder extending sequentially. When it is necessary to retract the hydraulic cylinder, the high-pressure fluid is guided back to the hydraulic oil tank through the return oil circuit, realizing the return stroke of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder.
[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned solution in this application, the push arm is embedded in the push body when not in operation, so as to reduce the volume of the push mechanism and facilitate its retraction after drilling is completed, avoiding contact with other components during the retraction process.
[0049] The outer wall of the push-back body is provided with an axially arranged fixing groove. The middle part of the push-back body is provided with a blind hole for installing a multi-stage extension hydraulic cylinder. The push-back arm is set in the fixing groove. The upper end of the push-back arm is connected to the upper end of the fixing groove by a pin. The middle part of the push-back arm is connected to the piston end of the multi-stage extension hydraulic cylinder by a strip hole. When the multi-stage extension hydraulic cylinder retracts, the push-back arm is completely located in the fixing groove.
[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned solution in this application, a drill bit reset device is provided on any of the pushing devices to reset the drill bit when the hydraulic drilling device applies its kinetic energy.
[0051] The drill bit reset device includes an energy storage cylinder and an energy storage device. The energy storage cylinder is connected in series in the return oil line of the hydraulic piercing device, and the energy storage device is installed in the energy storage cylinder. When the hydraulic piercing device is working, the energy storage device stores energy under the action of hydraulic force. When the hydraulic piercing device is in a deactivated state, the energy storage device releases energy to reset the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic piercing device, thereby resetting the drill bit of the hydraulic piercing device.
[0052] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes an elastic device and a piston. The elastic device serves as an energy storage component. When the hydraulic piercing device is in operation, the oil inlet of its hydraulic cylinder is connected to the energy storage cylinder. The oil applies pressure to the piston, and the elastic device is compressed and deformed to store energy. When the liquid system unexpectedly stops working, the elastic device resets and releases energy, causing the oil in the hydraulic cylinder to flow back to the hydraulic system. The piston of the hydraulic cylinder resets, thereby separating the drill bit from the borehole and realizing the retraction of the hydraulic piercing device.
[0053] The elastic device is a deformable component such as high-elastic rubber, spring, or disc spring. The elastic device is sleeved on the end of the piston furthest from the oil inlet, and the end of the piston is slidably sealed to the energy storage cylinder. The energy storage cylinder is a piston cylinder, equipped with an oil inlet and an oil outlet. The oil inlet is connected to the oil inlet circuit of the hydraulic cylinder, and the oil outlet is connected to the oil return circuit of the hydraulic cylinder.
[0054] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned scheme in this application, the two multi-stage extension hydraulic cylinders and the return oil circuit of the hydraulic cylinders are connected in series.
[0055] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned solution in this application, the two ends of the push arm are respectively provided with connecting rings for connecting the hydraulic perforation device or the hydraulic system.
[0056] Example 1 A pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device includes an upper pushing device 100 and a lower pushing device 300.
[0057] See Figure 2 The upward pushing device 100 includes an upward pushing body 1, an upward pushing arm 4, and an upward telescopic cylinder 5.
[0058] The left end of the upper push-up body 1 is provided with a multi-core socket mounting hole for reliable electrical connection. The socket 2 is set in the multi-core socket mounting hole. The depth of the multi-core socket mounting hole is reasonably designed according to the number of wire cores to ensure that the excess wires can be completely coiled in the mounting hole. The edge of the wire hole needs to be designed with a smooth arc transition to prevent the wire insulation from being cut when the wire is pulled out, which would affect the electrical insulation.
[0059] The upper push-up body 1 has a mounting hole for an upper telescopic cylinder 5 on its side wall. The upper telescopic cylinder 5 is installed in the mounting hole. The upper push-up body 1 also has a groove for installing the upper push-up arm 4. One end of the upper push-up arm 4 is rotatably connected to the upper push-up body, and the middle part of the upper push-up arm 4 is connected to the piston of the upper telescopic cylinder 5. The two ends of the upper push-up body 1 are respectively provided with a first connecting ring 3 and a second connecting ring 6. The upper end of the upper push-up body 1 is connected to the hydraulic system through the first connecting ring 3, and the lower end of the upper push-up body 1 is connected to the upper end of the hydraulic perforation device 200.
[0060] The push-down device 300 includes a push-down body 21, a push-down arm 22, a telescopic cylinder 24, and a drill bit reset device; One end of the push-down body 21 is provided with a third connecting ring 23. The push-down body 21 is connected to the lower end of the hydraulic piercing device through the third connecting ring 23. The middle part of the push-down body 21 is provided with a mounting hole. The lower telescopic cylinder 24 is fixed in the mounting hole. The middle part of the push-down arm 22 is connected to the piston of the lower telescopic cylinder 24. The end of the push-down arm 22 is hinged to the side wall of the hydraulic piercing device. This can minimize the length of the push-down device 300.
[0061] The drill bit reset device includes a piston cylinder disposed in the lower pusher body 21, in which a piston 25 and a disc spring 26 are disposed. The oil inlet of the piston cylinder is connected to the oil inlet chamber of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic piercing device 200, and the oil outlet of the piston cylinder is connected to the oil return chamber of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic piercing device 200. When oil enters the oil inlet chamber, the drill bit extends; when oil enters the oil return chamber, the drill bit retracts.
[0062] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upward pushing and supporting device. Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of the downward pushing device. The upper pushing body 1 is provided with a first oil inlet 7, a second oil inlet 8 and a return oil inlet 9; the lower pushing body is provided with a third oil inlet 27. The first oil inlet passage 7 serves as the oil inlet passage for the upper telescopic cylinder 5. One end of it is located at the end of the upper push-abutment body and is used to connect to the hydraulic system. The other end is connected to the oil inlet chamber of the upper telescopic cylinder 5. The oil inlet chamber of the upper telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to one end of the third oil inlet passage 27 via a pipeline. The other end of the third oil inlet passage 27 is connected to the oil inlet chamber of the lower telescopic cylinder. The return oil chamber of the upper telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to the return oil chamber of the lower telescopic cylinder via a return oil passage. The second oil inlet passage 8 serves as the oil inlet passage for the hydraulic piercing device 200. The hydraulic cylinder's inlet chamber is connected to the piston cylinder's inlet, and the piston cylinder's outlet is connected to the hydraulic cylinder's return chamber. The hydraulic cylinder's return chamber outlet is connected to the lower telescopic cylinder's return chamber outlet, and passes through the hydraulic piercing device to connect with the upper telescopic cylinder's return chamber. The upper telescopic cylinder's return chamber is connected to the hydraulic system via a pipeline. The hydraulic system controls the inlet and return oil circuits to achieve the working status of each hydraulic cylinder. In the event of a sudden power outage, the pressure of the push arm 4 returns to zero, and directly lifting the tool ensures that the push arm does not get caught on the pipe wall, effectively reducing secondary accidents.
[0063] During installation, the lower end of the upper push-back device is equipped with an eccentric threaded ring, oil passage hole, and connector. When docked with the push-back device, this ensures no radial rotation occurs between the two, and the eccentric threaded ring ensures the push-back arm does not protrude from the tool surface when retracted. A sealing ring is also installed at the docking point to ensure a tight seal between the tool and the outside environment. The oil lines within the hydraulic piercing device ensure oil reaches the oil passage hole of the lower push-back device. The oil passage connector on the lower push-back device ensures reliable oil transmission when docked with the hydraulic piercing device, and the threaded ring on the lower hydraulic piercing device ensures no rotation occurs between them, guaranteeing reliable docking at all holes. Similarly, the lower push-back device also employs an eccentric small threaded ring design to ensure the push-back arm does not protrude from the tool surface when retracted. To minimize tool length, the lower push-back device's push-back arm is hinged to the piercing section.
[0064] The working principle is as follows: When the control valve opens the oil inlet, the hydraulic oil enters the upper telescopic cylinder of the upper push-back device through the first oil inlet. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the upper telescopic cylinder extends, pushing open the upper push-back arm hinged thereon. The upper push-back arm rotates around the rotating shaft to the pipe wall and begins to pressurize. At the same time, the hydraulic oil passes through the hydraulic perforation device to the lower telescopic cylinder on the lower push-back device. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the telescopic cylinder extends, pushing open the lower push-back arm hinged thereon. The lower push-back arm rotates around the rotating shaft to the pipe wall and begins to pressurize.
[0065] It should be noted that the upper and lower telescopic cylinders are connected in series. Therefore, in the initial state, the two telescopic cylinders will move inconsistently. When pressurization begins, that is, when the push arm comes into contact with the well wall, the pressure will become synchronized.
[0066] Once the pressure reaches the set threshold, a control signal is sent. This signal is transmitted through a multi-core socket to the motor of the hydraulic drilling device, causing it to rotate. Simultaneously, the drilling control solenoid valve opens, allowing drilling hydraulic oil to flow through the second inlet circuit into the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic drilling device. The piston pushes the drill bit out, initiating the drilling operation. After the operation is completed, the oil enters the return chamber, causing the telescopic cylinders and hydraulic cylinders to retract. In the event of a sudden power failure, the drill bit reset device will automatically retract the drill bit.
[0067] The upper and lower pushing devices of this application can be quickly connected to the hydraulic piercing device, and adopt a multi-oil circuit linkage design to ensure that the upper and lower pushing devices are controlled by a single control element; the integrated design integrates a multi-core socket and electrical connection to the hydraulic piercing device at the upper pushing device end, and a drill bit reset device at the lower pushing device end; an adjustable safety valve is integrated in the oil circuit to adjust the pushing pressure according to the actual working conditions; it has a pushing opening adjustment function, and the pushing cylinder structure and pushing arm structure can be changed according to the actual working conditions.
[0068] The push-back mechanism of this application takes into account that the drilling part of the tool extends radially beyond the drill bit during drilling, therefore, a push-back force needs to be simultaneously applied to both sides of the drill bit along the tool axis. The upper and lower push-back devices are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the perforation sub. To ensure that the push-back force is opposite in direction to the drilling force, the connection between the three is a screw ring type connection. For electrical connection, quick-connect fittings are used for interlocking to ensure reliable electrical connection. For oil circuit connection, an oil pipe type oil circuit connector is used, with a sealing ring on the connector to ensure reliable oil circuit connection. One-way valves are installed in the oil inlet and return circuits for one-way control. To ensure the maximum applicability of the tool, the push-back cylinder assembly adopts a multi-stage cylinder plus push-back arm structure, with an adjusting screw on the final stage cylinder for easy disassembly and maintenance. To minimize the tool length, the lower push-back end push-back arm is hinged to the perforation sub. To ensure that the push-back arm does not protrude beyond the tool's outer diameter when retracted, the connecting screw rings between the perforation sub and the upper and lower push-back ends are eccentric small screw rings.
[0069] The agency recommended in this application has the following advantages.
[0070] 1. The symmetrical upper and lower push-support design not only enhances the stability of the hydraulic drilling device during operation but also ensures that the drilling part (such as the drill bit) is located at the center of the entire device, thereby ensuring uniform force distribution during drilling. This design helps reduce equipment damage and drilling errors caused by off-center loading or unbalanced forces, improving drilling accuracy and efficiency. The reliability of the anchor push-support is achieved through the tight contact between the push-support arm and the wellbore. This contact provides stable support, preventing the drilling device from shaking or shifting during drilling.
[0071] 2. The multi-stage cylinder design allows for a gradual increase in thrust during the pushing process, resulting in a smoother contact with the wellbore. This design helps reduce the risk of equipment damage or wellbore rupture due to sudden excessive thrust. In the event of an abnormal power failure, the multi-stage cylinder can quickly release pressure, causing the pushing arm to automatically disengage from the wellbore, allowing operators to easily lift the perforating device and avoiding secondary accidents caused by snagging.
[0072] 3. The eccentric design allows the push arm to fit snugly against the outside of the perforation device after retrieval, without increasing the overall tool diameter. This helps reduce friction with the wellbore wall during drilling, lowering energy consumption and wear. Furthermore, this design makes the perforation device more flexible and smoother when navigating narrow or curved well sections.
[0073] 4. The modular design allows for the individual disassembly and replacement of components of the pushing mechanism without requiring extensive disassembly of the entire device. This significantly simplifies the maintenance process, reduces downtime, and improves equipment reliability and availability. Furthermore, the modular design allows for customization and upgrades to meet specific perforation needs, enhancing its flexibility and adaptability.
[0074] 5. The cartridge-type multi-stage cylinder design makes cylinder replacement simpler and faster, eliminating the need for complex disassembly. This helps reduce maintenance time and costs, and improves equipment maintainability. This design allows the push-pull mechanism to flexibly handle different sizes and types of piercing tasks, enhancing its versatility and practicality.
[0075] Example 2 A piercing device includes a piercing material and a pushing mechanism as described in Embodiment 1, wherein the upper pushing device 100 and the lower pushing device 300 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the piercing material.
[0076] The perforation device includes a hydraulic perforation device, an electric perforation device, a pneumatic perforation device, or a hybrid perforation device.
[0077] Example 3 A hydraulic piercing device includes a hydraulic control system and the piercing device described in Embodiment 2, wherein the hydraulic control system is connected to the upward pushing device 100.
[0078] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.
Claims
1. A pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device, characterized in that, It includes two push-back devices for fixed connection to both sides of the hydraulic perforation device. Each push-back device includes a push-back body, a telescopic device, and a push-back arm. One end of the push-support body is used to connect to the hydraulic piercing device, the telescopic device is connected to the push-support body, and the movement direction of the telescopic device is parallel to the piercing direction of the hydraulic piercing device. One end of the push-support arm is hinged to the push-support body. The telescopic devices of the two push-support devices are controlled synchronously. When the telescopic device extends, the free end of the push-support arm can rotate until it abuts against the wellbore.
2. The pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push-back body is provided with multiple push-back arms, the middle of which is slidably connected to the moving end of the telescopic device, and the multiple push-back arms are distributed in a fan shape when they are unfolded.
3. The pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the hinge arm is connected to the groove on the push-abutment body. When the telescopic device is in the retracted state, the hinge arm is located in the groove.
4. The pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push arm of the push device at the lower part of the hydraulic piercing device can be hinged to the hydraulic piercing device at its end.
5. A pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The free end of the push arm is provided with a friction structure to increase the friction between the push arm and the wellbore.
6. A pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The telescopic device is a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinders of the two pushing devices are connected in series and controlled synchronously.
7. A pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device according to any one of claims 6, characterized in that, The push-back device is equipped with a drill bit reset device for the hydraulic piercing device, including an energy storage cylinder and an energy storage device; The energy storage cylinder is connected in series between the oil inlet chamber and the oil return chamber of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic piercing device. The energy storage device is installed in the energy storage cylinder. When the hydraulic piercing device is working, the energy storage device stores energy under the action of hydraulic force. When the hydraulic piercing device is in a deactivated state, the energy storage device releases energy to reset the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic piercing device.
8. A pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes a piston and an elastic element. When the hydraulic piercing device is working, oil enters the energy storage cylinder and can drive the piston to compress the elastic element.
9. A pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The elastic device is made of high-elastic rubber, spring, or disc spring.
10. A pushing mechanism for a hydraulic perforation device according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The inlet chambers of the hydraulic cylinders of the two pushing devices are connected in series, and the return chamber of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic piercing device is connected in series with the return chambers of the hydraulic cylinders of the two pushing devices.
11. A perforation device, characterized in that, It includes a piercing device and a pushing mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-10, wherein the upper pushing device and the lower pushing device are disposed on both sides of the piercing device.
12. A hydraulic perforation device, characterized in that, It includes a hydraulic control system and the piercing device as described in claim 11.