Modular sand thermal storage operation monitoring method and system based on thermal loss prediction

Abstract

The application discloses a modular sand heat storage operation monitoring method and system based on thermal loss prediction, relates to the technical field of solid heat storage and heat exchange, and comprises the following steps: S1, collecting interface thermal loss monitoring data, and performing pretreatment on the interface thermal loss monitoring data; S2, writing a loop communication mark, calculating an interface thermal resistance observation value and an interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value, obtaining an interface thermal resistance drift and a loop conservation deviation, and confirming an interface thermal loss drift mark; S3, calculating a lock release representation value and a sealing gasket deformation representation value, issuing a lock tightening disposal instruction and a sealing gasket replacement disposal instruction; and S4, constructing a disposal verification window, issuing a restricted trial disposal instruction when the disposal verification sequence does not fall back, and issuing a topology reset disposal instruction when the continuous out-of-bound condition lasts. The problems that the thermal loss drift of a splicing interface in a modular sand heat storage array is difficult to predict in advance, the drift causes are difficult to distinguish, and the disposal strategy lacks closed-loop verification basis are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid thermal energy storage and heat exchange technology, specifically to a modular sand thermal energy storage operation monitoring method and system based on heat loss prediction. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for new energy consumption and stable heat sources from oil and gas field production systems, thermal energy storage technology utilizing solid particulate media for heat storage and release is gradually being applied. Among these, thermal energy storage devices using sand as the storage medium are characterized by low cost, high temperature resistance, and good thermal stability. They can transfer heat between the storage medium and the heat-using system through heat exchange fluids, realizing the conversion and release of electrical energy into thermal energy. In recent years, sand thermal energy storage devices have gradually evolved from single-unit structures to modular array structures. Multiple storage units are spliced ​​together to form a thermal energy storage array, and fluid loops and monitoring equipment are used to achieve coordinated control of the heat storage and release processes.

[0003] For example, application CN118896507A discloses a sand thermal storage system and a sand thermal storage process, belonging to the field of oil and gas field production technology. In the sand thermal storage system provided by this application, when the power supply is greater than the power consumption, the oil injection pump injects heat transfer oil into the heat transfer pipe via a circulating pump. The heating system heats the sand in the storage sand box to a first temperature, and the heat transfer oil heats the sand at the first temperature to a second temperature. When the power supply is less than the power consumption, the steam system transfers the heat generated by the sand at the second temperature to the heat-consuming system in the oil and gas field production system.

[0004] For example, application CN120907361A discloses a modular thermal and exothermic sand storage tank system with variable power, including an energy storage component and a monitoring component. The energy storage component includes multiple parallel energy storage units, the input end of each energy storage unit is connected to the inlet distribution pipeline, the inlet of the inlet distribution pipeline is connected to the inlet main pipeline, the output end of the energy storage unit is connected to the outlet distribution pipeline, and the outlet of the outlet distribution pipeline converges on the outlet main pipeline. The monitoring component includes an information acquisition unit, which includes two types of temperature sensors and flow sensors.

[0005] However, the aforementioned existing technologies mainly focus on the heat storage and release structures of sand thermal storage devices and basic operational monitoring, lacking an effective monitoring and prediction mechanism for changes in the heat transfer state at the splicing interfaces of each thermal storage unit during long-term thermal cycling operation of modular sand thermal storage arrays. In modular sand thermal storage arrays, each thermal storage unit is typically spliced ​​and connected to a sealing gasket assembly via a locking structure. Under thermal cycling loads and fluid heat exchange, the pre-tightening state of the locking mechanism and the compression state of the sealing gasket may change, leading to increased interface contact thermal resistance and interface heat loss drift. Simultaneously, changes in interface heat loss also affect the energy balance of the heat exchange loop, making it difficult for traditional temperature- or flow-based monitoring methods to accurately identify the source and cause of heat loss.

[0006] Therefore, in order to address the above problems, there is an urgent need for a modular sand storage thermal operation monitoring method and system based on heat loss prediction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Technical problems to be solved

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a modular sand thermal storage operation monitoring method and system based on heat loss prediction, which solves the problems of difficulty in predicting heat loss drift at splicing interfaces, difficulty in distinguishing the causes of drift, and lack of closed-loop verification basis for handling strategies during the operation of existing modular sand thermal storage arrays.

[0009] Technical solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a modular sand-storage thermal energy operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction, comprising: S1, periodically collecting interface heat loss monitoring data, and performing time synchronization correction, consistency verification, outlier removal, smoothing and denoising, and dimension unification processing on the interface heat loss monitoring data, outputting preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data; S2, generating interface time-series data segments based on the preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data and writing them into loop connectivity markers, selecting calibration segments to calculate the interface thermal resistance observation value and the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value, obtaining the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation, generating candidate interface heat loss drift markers, and ensuring the loop connectivity markers are stable and When the loop conservation deviation exceeds the limit, it is upgraded to confirm the interface thermal loss drift mark; S3, calculate the latch loosening character value and the gasket deformation character value based on the trigger section corresponding to the confirmed interface thermal loss drift mark. When the latch loosening character value is not less than the gasket deformation character value, a latch tightening instruction is issued. When the latch loosening character value is less than the gasket deformation character value, a gasket replacement instruction is issued; S4, construct an instruction verification window based on the instruction receipt and recalculate the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation to form an instruction verification sequence. When the instruction verification sequence does not fall back, a limited trial instruction is issued. When the deviation continues to exceed the limit, a topology reset instruction is issued to perform branch isolation and bypass reset.

[0011] Furthermore, the interface heat loss monitoring data is periodically collected, and time synchronization correction, consistency verification, outlier removal, smoothing and noise reduction, and dimensional unification processing are performed on the interface heat loss monitoring data. The specific steps for outputting the preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data are as follows: A fixed-width sliding time window is set as one sampling period, and interface heat loss monitoring data of the sand storage thermal array is periodically collected. The interface heat loss monitoring data includes sampling period identifier, modular unit identifier, splicing interface identifier, latch identifier, latch locking force value, latch displacement, gasket compression thickness value, gasket rebound displacement, interface internal and external temperature difference, interface area heat flux density value, heat exchange fluid inlet temperature value, heat exchange fluid outlet temperature value, and heat exchange fluid volume flow rate. The data includes the following parameters: pressure values ​​of the heat exchange circuit, valve opening and closing status, and valve opening degree. Valves include diverter valves, manifold valves, bypass valves, and branch valves. For the collected interface heat loss monitoring data, a Network Time Protocol (NTP) time synchronization correction algorithm is used to perform time synchronization correction. A Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) consistency check algorithm is used to perform message integrity and transmission error checks on the interface heat loss monitoring data. A Hample filter anomaly detection algorithm is used to identify and remove anomalies in the interface heat loss monitoring data. A sliding median smoothing filter algorithm is used to perform noise reduction processing on the interface heat loss monitoring data. A minimum-maximum normalization algorithm is used to perform dimensional unification processing on the interface heat loss monitoring data, outputting the preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific steps for generating interface timing data segments and writing loop connectivity markers based on preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data are as follows: Read the preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data, generate interface timing data segments according to the splicing interface identifier, and write loop connectivity markers according to the valve opening and closing status combination when the heat exchange fluid volume flow rate value is greater than zero. Specifically, when the diverter valve and manifold valve are closed and the bypass valve is closed, write a series connectivity marker; when the diverter valve and manifold valve are open and there are at least two branch valves open, write a parallel connectivity marker. Select N consecutive sampling periods in the interface timing data segment where the loop connectivity marker remains unchanged and the latch locking force value and the gasket compression thickness value are within the assembly allowable range as calibration segments.

[0013] Further, the specific steps for selecting the interface thermal resistance observation value and the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value in the calibration section to obtain the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation are as follows: Within the calibration section, calculate the ratio of the temperature difference inside and outside the interface to the heat flux density value of the interface area for each sampling period to obtain the interface thermal resistance observation value. Also, calculate the average values ​​of the interface thermal resistance observation value, latching force value, and gasket compression thickness value within the calibration section. Compare the gasket compression thickness value of the current sampling period with the average gasket compression thickness within the calibration section to obtain the thickness ratio term. Subtract the latching force value of the current sampling period from the average latching force within the calibration section and then divide by the average latching force within the calibration section to obtain the preload deviation index term. For natural... The constant e is raised to the power of the pre-tightening deviation exponent to obtain the pre-tightening nonlinear correction term. The mean value of the interface thermal resistance observation, the thickness ratio term, and the pre-tightening nonlinear correction term within the calibration section are multiplied sequentially to obtain the predicted value of the interface thermal resistance constraint. For each sampling period, the observed value of the loop thermal power and the sum of the loop interface heat flux are calculated according to the loop connectivity mark. The observed value of the loop thermal power is obtained by converting the volumetric flow rate of the heat exchange fluid with the inlet and outlet temperatures. The sum of the loop interface heat flux is obtained by converting the heat flux density of the interface area into the interface heat flux according to the interface area and then summing it within the loop. The absolute value of the difference between the observed value of the loop thermal power and the sum of the loop interface heat flux is calculated to obtain the loop conservation deviation.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific steps for generating candidate interface thermal loss drift markers and upgrading them to confirmed interface thermal loss drift markers when the loop connectivity markers are stable and the loop conservation deviation exceeds the limit are as follows: For each spliced ​​interface identifier, calculate the difference between the observed interface thermal resistance value and the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint value to obtain the interface thermal resistance drift amount; when the interface thermal resistance drift amount is greater than the drift threshold within K consecutive sampling periods, define the current segment as the trigger segment and generate candidate interface thermal loss drift markers; when the loop connectivity marker in the trigger segment remains unchanged within P consecutive sampling periods and the loop conservation deviation is greater than the deviation threshold, upgrade the candidate interface thermal loss drift marker to the confirmed interface thermal loss drift marker, and extract the corresponding interface time series data segment, spliced ​​interface identifier, and loop connectivity marker for encapsulation and storage to generate a thermal loss drift dataset.

[0015] Further, the specific steps for calculating the latch loosening characterization value and the gasket deformation characterization value based on the trigger section corresponding to the confirmed interface thermal loss drift mark are as follows: Read the thermal loss drift dataset, and extract the average latch locking force value of the calibration section, the average gasket compression thickness value of the calibration section, and the latch locking force value, latch displacement, gasket compression thickness value, and gasket rebound displacement value corresponding to the first and last sampling periods of the trigger section according to the splicing interface identifier; Subtract the latch locking force value of the last sampling period of the trigger section from the average latch locking force value of the calibration section, and then divide by the average latch locking force value of the calibration section to obtain the latch preload attenuation term; Divide the latch displacement value of the last sampling period of the trigger section by the sum of the absolute value and the minimum term of the latch displacement value of the first sampling period to obtain the displacement backoff term; Take the power operation of the natural constant e with the displacement backoff term as the exponent, and multiply the latch preload attenuation term with the obtained power operation result and then take the arctangent operation to obtain the latch loosening characterization value. The thickness reduction term is obtained by subtracting the gasket compression thickness at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section from the average gasket compression thickness of the calibration section, then dividing the result by the average gasket compression thickness of the calibration section. The square root of this ratio, plus a minimum term, is then calculated. The rebound increment term is obtained by subtracting the gasket rebound displacement at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section from that at the beginning of the sampling period, then dividing by the sum of the absolute value of the rebound displacement at the beginning of the sampling period and the minimum term. Finally, the thickness reduction term is multiplied by the rebound increment term to obtain the gasket deformation characterization value. .

[0016] Furthermore, the specific steps for issuing a lock tightening instruction when the lock loosening indicator value is not less than the gasket deformation indicator value, and issuing a gasket replacement instruction when the lock loosening indicator value is less than the gasket deformation indicator value, are as follows: Real-time comparison of the lock loosening indicator value and the gasket deformation indicator value; when… ≥ When a locking clamping command is issued, the command includes the target locking force value and the target locking displacement value. The target locking force value is the average locking force value of the calibration section, and the target locking displacement value is the displacement value of the locking clamp in the first sampling cycle of the trigger section. When multiple splicing interface identifiers simultaneously confirm interface thermal loss drift, the command is issued sequentially based on the product of the interface thermal resistance drift magnitude and the continuous drift length, from largest to smallest. < When the time comes, a gasket replacement instruction is issued. The gasket replacement instruction includes the target gasket compression thickness value and the upper limit of the target gasket rebound displacement. The target gasket compression thickness value is taken as the average value of the gasket compression thickness value in the calibration section, and the upper limit of the target gasket rebound displacement is taken as the gasket rebound displacement in the first sampling cycle of the trigger section.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific steps for constructing a handling verification window based on the handling instruction receipt and recalculating the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation to form a handling verification sequence are as follows: Receive the receipts for the locking tightening handling instruction and the sealing gasket replacement handling instruction, and use the receipt timestamp as the handling event anchor point. Extract the interface thermal loss monitoring data segments for M consecutive sampling periods before and after the handling event anchor point according to the splicing interface identifier as the handling verification window. Within the handling verification window, recalculate the interface thermal resistance observation value, the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value, and the interface thermal resistance drift, and recalculate the loop conservation deviation according to the loop connectivity mark to form a handling verification sequence.

[0018] Furthermore, the specific steps for issuing a restricted trial handling command when the handling verification sequence does not fall back, and issuing a topology reset handling command when continuously exceeding the limit to perform branch isolation and bypass reset are as follows: When the interface thermal resistance drift or loop conservation deviation in the handling verification sequence is not negative within the difference between adjacent sampling periods in M ​​consecutive sampling periods, the trigger branch is determined based on the maximum change in valve opening value within the handling verification window. Under the constraint of keeping the loop connectivity marker type unchanged, a restricted trial handling command is issued. The restricted trial handling command performs branch valve opening regression and heat exchange fluid on the trigger branch. Volumetric flow rate regression; the regression target for branch valve opening is the average value of valve opening in the calibration section, and the regression target for heat exchange fluid volumetric flow rate is the average value of heat exchange fluid volumetric flow rate in the calibration section; after the execution of the restricted trial handling command, the handling verification sequence is recalculated. When the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation are still greater than the corresponding threshold within M consecutive sampling periods, a topology reset handling command is issued. The topology reset handling command performs branch isolation and bypass reset on the triggered branch, and rebuilds the calibration section after the topology reset to update the interface thermal resistance reference value, the average value of latch locking force, and the average value of gasket compression thickness.

[0019] The second aspect of this invention provides a modular sand-storage thermal energy operation monitoring system based on thermal loss prediction, comprising: a data acquisition and preprocessing module, a thermal resistance prediction drift quantification module, a cause discrimination instruction processing module, and a verification and trial topology reset module. The data acquisition and preprocessing module periodically acquires interface thermal loss monitoring data and performs time synchronization correction, consistency verification, outlier removal, smoothing and denoising, and dimensional unification processing on the interface thermal loss monitoring data, outputting preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data. The thermal resistance prediction drift quantification module generates interface time-series data segments based on the preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data and writes them into loop connectivity markers. It selects calibration segments to calculate the observed interface thermal resistance value and the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint value, obtains the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation, and generates candidate interfaces. The thermal loss drift marker is upgraded to a confirmed interface thermal loss drift marker when the loop connectivity marker is stable and the loop conservation deviation exceeds the limit. The cause discrimination instruction processing module is used to calculate the latch loosening characterization value and the gasket deformation characterization value based on the trigger segment corresponding to the confirmed interface thermal loss drift marker. When the latch loosening characterization value is not less than the gasket deformation characterization value, a latch tightening instruction is issued. When the latch loosening characterization value is less than the gasket deformation characterization value, a gasket replacement instruction is issued. The verification and trial topology reset module is used to construct a treatment verification window based on the treatment instruction receipt and recalculate the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation to form a treatment verification sequence. When the treatment verification sequence does not fall back, a limited trial treatment instruction is issued. When the deviation continues to exceed the limit, a topology reset treatment instruction is issued to perform branch isolation and bypass reset.

[0020] Beneficial effects

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) A modular sand storage thermal operation monitoring method and system based on heat loss prediction, which makes reliable drift identification by using two-stage judgment of candidate interface heat loss drift marker and confirmation interface heat loss drift marker, and using the loop connection marker to remain unchanged within the continuous sampling period as a stability constraint, and combining the loop conservation deviation out-of-bounds condition to complete the upgrade from candidate to confirmation.

[0023] (2) Modular sand storage thermal operation monitoring method and system based on heat loss prediction: By calculating the lock loosening characterization value and the gasket deformation characterization value in the triggering section respectively, and performing cause discrimination based on the relationship between the two, the quantitative distinction between the two types of drift causes dominated by lock pre-tightening attenuation and gasket compression rebound is realized.

[0024] (3) Modular sand storage thermal operation monitoring method and system based on heat loss prediction. By uniformly scheduling the heat loss drift markers of multiple splicing interfaces that appear simultaneously, sorting them according to the product of the cross-boundary amplitude of interface thermal resistance drift and the continuous cross-boundary length, and issuing locking tightening or sealing gasket replacement instructions in sequence, the concurrent handling is orderly.

[0025] (4) Modular sand storage thermal operation monitoring method and system based on heat loss prediction: By constructing a disposal verification window and forming a disposal verification sequence based on disposal command receipt, when the disposal verification sequence does not improve, a restricted trial disposal command is issued to perform opening degree and flow return; when the boundary is continuously exceeded, a topology reset disposal command is issued to perform branch isolation and bypass reset, thereby realizing closed-loop verification and topology restoration. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 Flowchart of a modular sand storage thermal energy operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a modular sand storage thermal power operation monitoring system based on heat loss prediction;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a single building block unit;

[0029] Figure 4 A comparison chart showing the characteristics of the loosening of the splicing interface latch and the deformation of the sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-4This invention provides a technical solution: a modular sand storage thermal energy operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction, comprising: S1, periodically collecting interface heat loss monitoring data, and performing time synchronization correction, consistency verification, outlier removal, smoothing and denoising, and dimension unification processing on the interface heat loss monitoring data, and outputting preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data; S2, generating interface time-series data segments based on the preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data and writing them into loop connectivity markers, selecting calibration segments to calculate the interface thermal resistance observation value and the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value, and obtaining the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation, generating candidate interface heat loss drift markers, and ensuring that the loop connectivity markers are stable and the loop is conserved. When the deviation exceeds the limit, it is upgraded to confirm the interface thermal loss drift mark; S3, calculate the latch loosening character value and the gasket deformation character value based on the trigger section corresponding to the confirmed interface thermal loss drift mark. When the latch loosening character value is not less than the gasket deformation character value, a latch tightening instruction is issued. When the latch loosening character value is less than the gasket deformation character value, a gasket replacement instruction is issued; S4, construct an instruction verification window based on the instruction receipt and recalculate the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation to form an instruction verification sequence. When the instruction verification sequence does not fall back, a limited trial instruction is issued. When the deviation continues to exceed the limit, a topology reset instruction is issued to perform branch isolation and bypass reset.

[0032] Specifically, the following steps are taken to periodically collect interface heat loss monitoring data and perform time synchronization correction, consistency verification, outlier removal, smoothing and noise reduction, and dimensional unification processing on the interface heat loss monitoring data to output the preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data: A fixed-width sliding time window is set as one sampling period, determined by a preset sampling period duration and bound with a sampling period identifier. Interface heat loss monitoring data of the sand-storage thermal array is periodically collected. The sand-storage thermal array consists of multiple detachable and connectable modular units, forming a modular assembly structure through splicing interfaces. The modular units are filled with sand media and undergo heat storage and release driven by heat exchange fluid. The data collection action is triggered at the start of the sampling period and packaged and stored at the end of the sampling period. Damage monitoring data includes sampling cycle identifier, building block unit identifier, splicing interface identifier, latch identifier, latch locking force value, latch displacement, gasket compression thickness value, gasket rebound displacement, interface internal and external temperature difference, interface area heat flux density value, heat exchange fluid inlet temperature value, heat exchange fluid outlet temperature value, heat exchange fluid volumetric flow rate value, heat exchange circuit pressure value, valve opening and closing status, and valve opening degree value. Valves include diverter valves, manifold valves, bypass valves, and branch valves. The valve opening and closing status is obtained by thresholding the valve opening value and written into the discrete status bit. The latch locking force value is output by the latch force measurement unit and measured in Newtons. The latch displacement is output by the latch stroke measurement unit and measured in millimeters. Gasket compression... The thickness value is output by the interface compression displacement measurement unit and measured in millimeters. The gasket rebound displacement is obtained by the difference between the first and last displacements of the trigger section and measured in millimeters. The interface internal and external temperature difference is obtained by the difference between the inner and outer surface temperatures of the interface and measured in degrees Celsius. The interface area heat flux density is output by the heat flow measurement unit and measured in watts per square meter. The heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet temperatures are output by the loop temperature measurement unit and measured in degrees Celsius. The heat exchange fluid volumetric flow rate is output by the loop flow meter and measured in cubic meters per hour. The heat exchange loop pressure is output by the loop pressure meter and measured in kilopascals. For the collected interface heat loss monitoring data, the following is used: The Network Time Protocol (NTP) time synchronization correction algorithm performs time synchronization correction on the interface thermal loss monitoring data. The time synchronization correction generates a reference timestamp using a unified time source and performs deviation compensation on the local sampling timestamp corresponding to the sampling period identifier. The deviation compensation corrects the sampling timestamp based on the time round-trip delay estimation result and writes the corrected timestamp back to the interface thermal loss monitoring data to complete multi-source sampling alignment. The Cyclic Redundancy Check (CR) consistency check algorithm performs message integrity and transmission error checking on the interface thermal loss monitoring data. The CR calculates the check code for each sampling period packet at the acquisition end and recalculates the check code at the receiving end. If the recalculation result is inconsistent with the check code carried in the message, the message of that sampling period is marked as an error message and removed from the data record to be included in subsequent calculations.The Hample filter anomaly detection algorithm is used to identify and remove outliers from the interface thermal loss monitoring data. The Hample filter uses the median within a sliding window as the robustness center and the absolute deviation of the median as the robustness scale. Any data record deviating from the robustness center by more than a preset multiple threshold is marked as an outlier and removed from the sequence calculation. The sliding median smoothing filter algorithm is used to denoise the interface thermal loss monitoring data. The sliding median smoothing filter uses a preset window length to denoise the latch locking force, latch displacement, gasket compression thickness, gasket rebound displacement, interface internal and external temperature difference, interface area heat flux density, and heat exchange... The inlet temperature, outlet temperature, volumetric flow rate, and pressure of the heat exchanger loop are replaced with median values ​​to suppress spike disturbances and preserve the slow drift trend caused by thermal cycling. A minimum-maximum normalization algorithm is used to unify the dimensions of the interface thermal loss monitoring data. The minimum and maximum normalization values ​​obtained from the calibration segment are used as the upper and lower bounds for normalization, and a linear mapping is performed on the data for each sampling period. The mapping result is written into the preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data to support a unified calculation method for subsequent interface thermal resistance observations, interface thermal resistance constraint predictions, interface thermal resistance drift, and loop conservation deviations.

[0033] In this implementation scheme, by incorporating the modular assembly relationship of the sand-storage thermal array into the sampling cycle organization method, and aligning the locking force value of the latch, the compression thickness value of the sealing gasket, the temperature difference inside and outside the interface, the heat flux density value of the interface area, and the valve opening and closing status with the splicing interface identifier throughout the same cycle, a unified data baseline can be formed without relying on manual verification. This baseline can be directly used for calculating the interface thermal resistance observation value and the loop conservation deviation, thereby improving the robustness of splicing interface thermal loss drift identification to thermal cycle disturbances and communication errors, and improving the repeatability of subsequent cause identification and handling command triggering.

[0034] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a single modular unit. The modular unit includes an outer shell, inside which is a cavity for filling with a sand medium, which serves as the heat storage medium. The outer shell's sidewalls have slotted structures for positioning and engaging with corresponding slots in adjacent modular units to form a splicing interface. A latch is located at the splicing interface, applying a locking force to adjacent modular units for a detachable, pre-tightened connection. A sealing gasket is placed on the contact surface of the splicing interface; under the pre-tightening action of the latch, the gasket undergoes compression deformation and forms a heat-insulating sealing interface to suppress heat leakage and gap seepage at the splicing interface. The arrows in the diagram indicate the heat transfer path from one side of the modular unit, through storage in the sand medium, and outwards, illustrating that the splicing interface area is a critical location for heat loss monitoring and drift determination during charge / discharge operations.

[0035] Specifically, the steps for generating interface time-series data segments and writing loop connectivity markers based on preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data are as follows: Read the preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data, generate interface time-series data segments according to the spliced ​​interface identifier, arrange the interface time-series data segments in ascending order by sampling period identifier, and verify the continuity by the adjacent difference of sampling period identifier. When the sampling period identifier is missing, write a missing marker in the interface time-series data segment so that the missing interval can be skipped when the subsequent segment is truncated. When the heat exchange fluid volumetric flow rate value is greater than zero, write a loop connectivity marker according to the valve opening and closing status combination. The determination that the heat exchange fluid volumetric flow rate value is greater than zero is limited by the lower limit threshold of volumetric flow rate, and the lower limit threshold of volumetric flow rate is set to 0.01 to 0.The value is 50, and the unit is cubic meters per hour. The valve opening / closing status is obtained by thresholding the valve opening value. Valve opening values ​​greater than or equal to 5 and 15, expressed as a percentage, are considered open, while valve opening values ​​less than 5 and 15 are considered closed. When the diverter valve and manifold valve are closed, and the bypass valve is closed, a series connection mark is written. The number of open branch valves corresponding to the series connection mark is set to 1, and the identifier of the opened branch valve is written to the trigger branch mark bit. When the diverter valve and manifold valve are open, and there are at least two open branch valves, a parallel connection mark is written. The number of open branch valves corresponding to the parallel connection mark is set to 2 to 1. 6. The set of open branch valve identifiers is written into the active branch set flag bit. The loop connectivity flag is associated with the splicing interface identifier in each sampling period to characterize the connectivity topology of the loop where the splicing interface is located in the current sampling period. In the interface timing data segment, N consecutive sampling periods in which the loop connectivity flag remains unchanged and the locking force value and the sealing gasket compression thickness value are within the assembly allowable range are selected as the calibration segment. In the N consecutive sampling periods, N is an integer from 5 to 60 and the sampling period is used as the unit of measurement. The loop connectivity flag remains unchanged because the loop connectivity flag is consistent in the N consecutive sampling periods and the active branch set flag bit is active. Consistency is used as a judgment criterion. The locking force value of the latch is within the assembly allowable range, meaning the latch locking force value is not less than the lower limit of the latch locking force value, which is a value between 200 and 2000 Newtons. The gasket compression thickness value is also within the assembly allowable range, meaning the gasket compression thickness value is between the lower and upper limits of the gasket compression thickness, with the lower limit being a value between 2 and 10 millimeters and the upper limit being a value between 4 and 15 millimeters. The lower limit of the latch locking force value is determined by the factory-specified rated locking force of the latch. The lower limit of force is determined and written into the assembly parameter table corresponding to the building block unit identifier upon assembly completion. The lower and upper limits of the gasket compression thickness are determined by the nominal thickness allowable range specified by the gasket manufacturer and written into the assembly parameter table corresponding to the splicing interface identifier upon assembly completion. After on-site reassembly, the assembly parameter table can be corrected based on the one-time on-site calibration results, and a version number is written into the corrected assembly parameter table to ensure consistency in the screening criteria for subsequent calibration sections. The calibration section is used to generate interface reference timing segments under loop topology stability conditions to reduce the impact of heat exchange disturbances caused by loop switching on the subsequent interface thermal resistance observation reference calculation.

[0036] In this implementation scheme, by constructing interface timing data segments with splicing interface identifiers and introducing loop connectivity mark constraint calibration segment screening, and by binding the lower limit of the latch locking force value and the allowable range of gasket compression thickness to the factory-calibrated assembly parameter table and supporting on-site calibration correction, a traceable interface reference data segment can be formed under the premise of maintaining loop topology stability. This improves the stability of interface thermal resistance observation value benchmark calculation and reduces the impact of valve switching and assembly state fluctuations on the consistency of candidate interface thermal loss drift mark generation.

[0037] Specifically, the steps for selecting the observed interface thermal resistance and the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint in the calibration section to obtain the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation are as follows: Within the calibration section, calculate the ratio of the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the interface to the heat flux density of the interface area for each sampling period to obtain the observed interface thermal resistance. The ratio calculation uses the principle of heat transfer impedance characterization; under the same heat flux density constraint, a larger temperature difference indicates a higher interface heat transfer impedance. The observed interface thermal resistance is used to characterize the instantaneous heat transfer state of the splicing interface under the topological stability condition of the calibration section. The mean values ​​of the observed interface thermal resistance, locking force, and gasket compression thickness within the calibration section are calculated separately. The mean values ​​are normalized to the number of sampling periods in the calibration section to obtain a baseline level. Suppressing transient disturbances; comparing the gasket compression thickness value of the current sampling period with the average gasket compression thickness in the calibration section to obtain a thickness ratio term, which is based on the principle of approximate proportionality of heat conduction path length. Increased compression thickness will increase the heat transfer path length and raise the equivalent interface impedance; subtracting the current sampling period's locking force value from the average locking force in the calibration section and then dividing by the average locking force in the calibration section to obtain a preload deviation index term, which is based on the interface contact thermal resistance mechanism of reduced micro-contact area due to contact pressure decay, and describes the degree of preload decay with a dimensionless deviation; and taking a power operation on the natural constant e with the preload deviation index term as the exponent to obtain a preload nonlinear correction term. To express that the contact thermal resistance increases non-linearly with preload decay and exhibits saturation characteristics, the preload non-linear correction term is used to amplify the impact of the decrease in locking force on the interface impedance. The average interface thermal resistance observation value, thickness ratio term, and preload non-linear correction term within the calibration section are multiplied sequentially to obtain the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint value. The product is constructed using the calibration section reference impedance as an anchor point and incorporating geometric ratio correction and contact state correction to generate the interface impedance constraint baseline that should be met under the current assembly state. For each sampling period, the observed loop thermal power value and the summed loop interface heat flux value are calculated according to the loop connectivity marker. The observed loop thermal power value is obtained by converting the heat exchange fluid volumetric flow rate value with the inlet and outlet temperatures. The principle of fluid energy conservation is adopted, and the heat transfer power intensity of the loop is characterized by multiplying the volumetric flow rate by the inlet and outlet temperature difference. The summation value of the heat flux at the loop interface is obtained by converting the heat flux density value of the interface area into the interface heat flux according to the interface area and then summing it in the loop. The conversion adopts the integral equivalence principle of heat flux density on a fixed heat transfer area and limits the set of summation interfaces with loop connectivity markers to match the topological constraints of series connectivity markers and parallel connectivity markers. The absolute value of the difference between the observed value of the loop heat power and the summation value of the loop interface heat flux is calculated to obtain the loop conservation deviation. The absolute value of the difference is used to quantify the consistency deviation between the energy-carrying side of the loop and the heat dissipation side of the interface and to provide loop-level constraint evidence for the upgrade judgment of the heat loss drift marker of the candidate interface.

[0038] The specific calculation formula for the predicted value of interface thermal resistance constraint is as follows:

[0039] ;

[0040] In the formula, This represents the predicted value of the interface thermal resistance constraint. This indicates the locking force value of the latch during the current sampling period. This indicates the gasket compression thickness value during the current sampling period. This indicates the average locking force of the latch within the calibration section. This indicates the average compression thickness of the sealing gasket within the calibration section. This represents the average observed thermal resistance of the interface within the calibration section.

[0041] In this implementation scheme, a benchmark for interface thermal resistance observation is constructed within the calibration section using the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the interface and the heat flux density value of the interface area. The locking force value of the latch and the compression thickness value of the sealing gasket are introduced into the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value generation process. At the same time, the consistency between the observed value of the loop thermal power and the sum of the loop interface heat flux is checked by constraining the loop connectivity mark and the loop conservation deviation is output. A thermal loss prediction criterion that takes into account the consistency of interface assembly state and loop energy can be formed under the same sampling period scale. This improves the sensitivity of the interface thermal resistance drift to small assembly drifts and enhances the reliability of the judgment process of the candidate interface thermal loss drift mark upgrade process.

[0042] Specifically, the steps for generating candidate interface thermal loss drift markers and upgrading them to confirmed interface thermal loss drift markers when the loop connectivity marker is stable and the loop conservation deviation exceeds the limit are as follows: For each splicing interface identifier, calculate the difference between the observed interface thermal resistance value and the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint value to obtain the interface thermal resistance drift amount. The difference calculation uses the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint value as the reference impedance and the deviation amount to characterize the drift amplitude of the splicing interface thermal resistance relative to the assembly baseline. When the interface thermal resistance drift amount is positive, it indicates that the observed interface thermal resistance value is higher than the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint value and corresponds to an upward trend in the interface thermal resistance. When the interface thermal resistance drift amount is greater than the drift threshold within K consecutive sampling periods, the drift will be... The preceding section is defined as the trigger section. In K consecutive sampling periods, K is an integer from 3 to 30, with the sampling period as the unit of measurement. The drift threshold is set to 5% to 50% of the average interface thermal resistance observed within the calibration section, measured in the same dimensions as the interface thermal resistance observed. The trigger section starts at the sampling period in which the interface thermal resistance drift first exceeds the drift threshold, and ends at the last sampling period in K consecutive sampling periods. Candidate interface thermal loss drift markers are generated and associated with the splicing interface identifier, the trigger section start sampling period identifier, and the trigger section end sampling period identifier. When the loop connectivity marker within the trigger section is within P consecutive... If the loop conservation deviation remains unchanged within the sampling period and is greater than the deviation threshold, the candidate interface thermal loss drift marker is upgraded to the confirmed interface thermal loss drift marker. For P consecutive sampling periods, P is an integer from 2 to 20, and the sampling period is used as the unit of measurement. The loop connectivity marker remains unchanged, with consistent loop connectivity markers and consistent active branch set markers across P consecutive sampling periods as the criterion. The loop conservation deviation is greater than the deviation threshold, with the deviation exceeding the threshold for P consecutive sampling periods as the criterion. The deviation threshold is set to 1% to 30% of the observed loop thermal power value, measured in the same dimensions as the observed loop thermal power value. The upgrade operation is used when the loop topology is stable. Under certain conditions, loop energy consistency constraints are introduced to reduce the interference of loop switching disturbances on interface drift determination. The corresponding interface timing data segments, spliced ​​interface identifiers, and loop connectivity markers are extracted, encapsulated, and stored. The extraction range of the interface timing data segments is from the sampling period identifier at the start of the trigger segment to the sampling period identifier at the end of the trigger segment, with an extension of 1 to 5 sampling periods at each end to retain transition information before and after triggering. When encapsulating and storing, candidate interface thermal loss drift markers, confirmed interface thermal loss drift markers, drift thresholds, deviation thresholds, K, P, the sampling period identifier at the start of the trigger segment, and the sampling period identifier at the end of the trigger segment are written to form a traceable record and generate a thermal loss drift dataset.

[0043] In this implementation scheme, the thermal loss drift marker of the candidate interface is triggered by the thermal resistance drift amount, and the dual constraints of loop connectivity marker stability and loop conservation deviation are introduced to complete the upgrade of the interface thermal loss drift marker. At the same time, the sampling period identifier of the start point of the trigger section, the sampling period identifier of the end point of the trigger section, and the threshold parameters are encapsulated into the thermal loss drift dataset. A traceable confirmation link can be established between the spliced ​​interface local drift signal and the loop energy consistency evidence, thereby improving the anti-interference ability of thermal loss drift determination against loop switching disturbances and improving the reproducibility consistency of subsequent cause identification and handling verification.

[0044] Specifically, the steps for calculating the latch loosening characterization value and the gasket deformation characterization value based on the trigger section corresponding to the thermal loss drift mark of the confirmation interface are as follows: Read the thermal loss drift dataset, and extract the average latch locking force value of the calibration section, the average gasket compression thickness value of the calibration section, and the latch locking force value, latch displacement, gasket compression thickness value, and gasket rebound displacement value corresponding to the first and last sampling periods of the trigger section, according to the splicing interface identifier. The extraction action is limited and verified by the sampling period identifier at the start and end of the trigger section, and the consistency of the splicing interface identifier is checked. Calibration... The average locking force value of the section latch is used to provide a reference level for the pre-tightening state. The average compression thickness value of the calibration section gasket is used to provide a reference level for the gasket compression state. The first and last sampling periods of the trigger section are used to characterize the critical state difference before and after drift triggering to reduce short-term noise interference within the section. Subtracting the latch locking force value of the last sampling period of the trigger section from the average locking force value of the calibration section, and then dividing by the average locking force value of the calibration section, yields the latch pre-tightening attenuation term. The latch pre-tightening attenuation term is a dimensionless ratio used to quantify the degree of attenuation of the latch locking force value relative to the reference level. An increased attenuation indicates a higher locking force. The weakening of the pre-tightening state may cause a decrease in contact pressure, leading to an increase in interfacial contact thermal resistance. The difference between the latching displacement at the end of the sampling period and the first sampling period, divided by the sum of the absolute value of the latching displacement in the first sampling period and the minimum term, yields a displacement backoff term. This displacement backoff term is a dimensionless ratio used to quantify the backoff magnitude of the latching displacement relative to the initial displacement. The minimum term is taken as a value from 10 to the power of -3 to 10 to the power of -6 and is used to avoid denominator instability when the latching displacement in the first sampling period approaches zero. When the absolute value of the latching displacement in the first sampling period is less than the minimum term, the denominator is considered... The minimum term and the physical meaning of the displacement backoff term are defined as the backoff ratio relative to the reference micro-displacement benchmark. The reference micro-displacement benchmark is used to represent the initial assembly of the latch in a near-zero stroke fit state and to map subsequent displacement changes into comparable relative quantities. The case where the latch displacement is close to zero in the first sampling period, resulting in an increase in the value of the displacement backoff term, corresponds to the working condition where the latch undergoes a considerable backoff from the fit state and satisfies the physical trend of increased risk of loosening. The natural constant e is raised to the power of the displacement backoff term, and the latch pre-tightening attenuation term is multiplied by the obtained power operation result and then the arctangent is taken to obtain the latch loosening characterization value. The exponentiation operation is used to express the nonlinear amplification characteristic of displacement backlash on the risk of loosening. The arctangent operation is used to map the product term to a bounded interval to suppress the dominance of extreme values ​​on the judgment and maintain the comparability of the characterization values. The latch loosening characterization value is used to comprehensively characterize the loosening tendency caused by the combined effect of latch locking force attenuation and latch displacement backlash. The average value of the calibration section sealing gasket compression thickness is subtracted from the sealing gasket compression thickness value at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section, and then divided by the average value of the calibration section sealing gasket compression thickness value. The resulting ratio is then multiplied by a minimum term and the square root is taken to obtain the thickness reduction term. The thickness reduction term is used to quantify the degree of reduction of the sealing gasket compression thickness value relative to the reference level and is expressed by squaring. The root operation performs nonlinear compression on the thinning ratio to reduce the impact of large fluctuations on the abrupt changes in the discrimination. The minima are taken as values ​​from 10 to the power of -3 to 10 to the power of -6 to avoid numerical anomalies when the thickness ratio is close to zero. The difference between the gasket rebound displacement at the end of the sampling period and the first sampling period of the trigger section is divided by the sum of the absolute value of the gasket rebound displacement in the first sampling period and the minima to obtain the rebound increment term. The rebound increment term is used to quantify the increase of the gasket rebound displacement relative to the initial rebound displacement and to characterize the gap tendency caused by the elastic rebound of the gasket. The thickness reduction term is multiplied by the rebound increment term to obtain the gasket deformation characterization value. The product structure is used to couple compression thinning with springback increment to form a comprehensive characterization of the change in effective contact state of the interface. The gasket deformation characterization value is used to characterize the thermal resistance drift tendency of the sealing interface caused by the change in the compression state of the gasket and to provide quantitative input for subsequent comparison and discrimination with the latch loosening characterization value.

[0045] The specific formula for calculating the lock loosening characterization value is as follows:

[0046] ;

[0047] In the formula, This indicates the value representing the loosening of the latch. This indicates the average locking force value of the calibration section latch. This indicates the latching force value at the end of the sampling period of the trigger segment. This indicates the latch displacement during the first sampling period of the trigger section. This indicates the latch displacement at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section. Indicates a minus term.

[0048] The specific formula for calculating the deformation characterization value of the sealing gasket is as follows:

[0049] ;

[0050] In the formula, This represents the deformation characterization value of the sealing gasket. This represents the average compression thickness of the gasket in the calibration section. This indicates the gasket compression thickness value at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section. This indicates the amount of gasket rebound displacement during the first sampling cycle of the triggered section. This indicates the amount of gasket rebound displacement at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section. Indicates a minus term.

[0051] In this implementation scheme, by introducing the average value of the locking force of the calibration section and the average value of the compression thickness of the calibration section gasket as reference benchmarks within the trigger zone, and combining the quantification process of the locking displacement with the minimum term constraint, while limiting the range of the characterization value with the arctangent mapping, the numerical comparability and stability of the locking loosening characterization value and the gasket deformation characterization value can be maintained even when the locking displacement is close to zero in the first sampling period. This improves the adaptability of the cause identification to the initial state of the fitting assembly and enhances the consistency of the decision-making between the locking tightening command and the gasket replacement command.

[0052] Specifically, the steps for issuing a lock tightening instruction when the lock loosening indicator value is not less than the gasket deformation indicator value, and issuing a gasket replacement instruction when the lock loosening indicator value is less than the gasket deformation indicator value, are as follows: Real-time comparison of the lock loosening indicator value. Compared with the deformation characterization value of the sealing gasket The comparison action uses the endpoint sampling period identifier of the trigger segment corresponding to the interface thermal loss drift mark as the judgment time and binds the spliced ​​interface identifier to complete the single interface judgment. ≥ At that time, a locking force tightening instruction is issued, which includes a target locking force value and a target locking displacement value. The target locking force value is taken as the average locking force value of the calibration section, based on the assumption that the interface thermal resistance observation value within the calibration section is at the baseline level and the loop connection mark remains unchanged. The average locking force value of the calibration section corresponds to the contact pressure level of the splicing interface under stable assembly pre-tightening conditions. This contact pressure level maintains the number of micro-contact points and the actual contact area within the baseline range, thereby maintaining the interface contact thermal resistance near the baseline level of the interface thermal resistance observation value. The target locking force value returning to the average locking force value of the calibration section can restore contact pressure and suppress the increase in contact thermal resistance with pre-tightening decay. The target locking displacement value is taken as the locking displacement value of the first sampling cycle of the trigger section, based on the assumption that the locking displacement value of the first sampling cycle of the trigger section corresponds to the bonding stroke position before drift triggering. This bonding stroke position maintains the geometric closure degree of the splicing interface within the baseline range and keeps the sealing interface compression path in a stable state. An increase in the locking displacement value will introduce interface gaps and reduce... The effective contact area increases the observed interface thermal resistance value. The target latch displacement returns to the latch displacement value in the first sampling cycle of the trigger section, restoring the geometric closure of the splicing interface and reducing the additional thermal resistance caused by the gap. This drives the observed interface thermal resistance value back to the calibration section's baseline level. When the latch tightening command is issued, the splicing interface identifier, latch identifier, event anchor time stamp, command sequence number, and execution confirmation flag are written to support closed-loop verification. When multiple splicing interface identifiers simultaneously confirm interface thermal loss drift, the connection is... The product of the thermal resistance drift magnitude and the continuous drift length is sorted from largest to smallest, and then processing instructions are issued sequentially. The thermal resistance drift magnitude is taken as the maximum value of the interface thermal resistance drift within the trigger section minus the drift threshold, with zero as the lower limit to avoid negative deviations from participating in the sorting. The continuous drift length is taken as the number of sampling periods within the trigger section where the interface thermal resistance drift is continuously greater than the drift threshold, with the sampling period as the unit of measurement. The sorting is used to prioritize the processing of spliced ​​interfaces with higher drift intensity and longer duration to reduce the cumulative risk of diffusion to the loop conservation deviation; when < When the gasket replacement instruction is issued, it includes the target gasket compression thickness value and the upper limit of the target gasket rebound displacement. The target gasket compression thickness value is taken as the average value of the gasket compression thickness value in the calibration section, which is used to return the compression state of the sealing interface to the reference level and reduce the risk of heat transfer path mismatch. The upper limit of the target gasket rebound displacement is taken as the gasket rebound displacement of the first sampling period of the trigger section, which is used to return the rebound increment constraint to the level before triggering and suppress gap formation. When the gasket replacement instruction is issued, the splicing interface identifier, the timestamp of the disposal event anchor point, the instruction sequence number, and the replacement confirmation flag are written to support the review and judgment of the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation within the subsequent disposal verification window.

[0053] In this implementation scheme, the handling command is driven by comparing the latch loosening characterization value and the gasket deformation characterization value. The average latch locking force value of the calibration section, the latch displacement of the first sampling cycle of the trigger section, the average gasket compression thickness value of the calibration section, and the gasket rebound displacement of the first sampling cycle of the trigger section are used as the command target benchmarks. At the same time, the priority ranking of the interface thermal resistance drift amount out of bounds and the continuous out-of-bounds length is introduced. This can keep the handling action consistent with the assembly benchmark state of the splicing interface and realize the controllable execution sequence in multi-interface concurrent scenarios, thereby improving the stability of the interface thermal resistance drift amount regression process and reducing the risk of cumulative diffusion of loop conservation deviation during the handling period.

[0054] In this embodiment, Table 1 shows the calculation results of the latch loosening characterization values ​​and the corresponding formula input variable data for the five splicing interfaces J1 to J5. Specifically: Interface J1: The average locking force of the calibration section latch is 1200, the locking force of the latch at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section is 1020, the latch displacement in the first sampling period of the trigger section is 0.80, the latch displacement in the last sampling period of the trigger section is 0.92, and the minimum term is... The calculated value for latch loosening is 0.173. Interface J2: The average latch locking force in the calibration section is 950, the latch locking force at the end of the sampling period in the trigger section is 880, the latch displacement in the first sampling period of the trigger section is 0.60, and the latch displacement in the last sampling period of the trigger section is 0.66. The minimum term is... The corresponding latch loosening characterization value is 0.081. Interface J3: The average latch locking force in the calibration section is 1100, the latch locking force at the end of the sampling period in the trigger section is 990, the latch displacement in the first sampling period of the trigger section is 0.75, the latch displacement in the last sampling period of the trigger section is 0.88, and the minimum term is... The corresponding latch loosening characterization value is 0.118. Interface J4: The average latch locking force in the calibration section is 1300, the latch locking force at the end of the sampling period in the trigger section is 1040, the latch displacement in the first sampling period of the trigger section is 0.90, and the latch displacement in the last sampling period of the trigger section is 0.98. The minimum term is... The corresponding latch loosening characterization value is 0.215. Interface J5: The average latch locking force in the calibration section is 1000, the latch locking force at the end of the sampling period in the trigger section is 920, the latch displacement in the first sampling period of the trigger section is 0.65, and the latch displacement in the last sampling period of the trigger section is 0.74. The minimum term is... The corresponding locking loosening characterization value is 0.092. Table 2 shows the calculation results of the sealing gasket deformation characterization values ​​for the five splicing interfaces J1 to J5 and the corresponding formula input variable data. Specifically: Interface J1: The average compression thickness of the sealing gasket in the calibration section is 6.0, the compression thickness of the sealing gasket at the end of the trigger section is 5.95, the rebound displacement of the sealing gasket in the first sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.20, the rebound displacement of the sealing gasket in the last sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.21, and the minimum term is... The calculated deformation characterization value of the sealing gasket is 0.101. Interface J2: The average compression thickness of the sealing gasket in the calibration section is 5.5, the compression thickness of the sealing gasket at the end of the trigger section is 5.30, the rebound displacement of the sealing gasket in the first sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.15, and the rebound displacement of the sealing gasket in the last sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.19. The minimum term is... The corresponding gasket deformation characterization value is 0.245. Interface J3: The average gasket compression thickness in the calibration section is 6.2, the gasket compression thickness at the end of the trigger section is 5.70, the gasket rebound displacement in the first sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.18, and the gasket rebound displacement in the last sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.24. The minimum term is... The corresponding gasket deformation characterization value is 0.380. Interface J4: The average gasket compression thickness in the calibration section is 5.8, the gasket compression thickness at the end of the trigger section is 5.75, the gasket rebound displacement in the first sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.22, and the gasket rebound displacement in the last sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.23. The minimum term is... The corresponding gasket deformation characterization value is 0.103. Interface J5: The average gasket compression thickness in the calibration section is 6.1, the gasket compression thickness at the end of the trigger section is 5.80, the gasket rebound displacement in the first sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.16, and the gasket rebound displacement in the last sampling cycle of the trigger section is 0.21. The minimum term is... The corresponding gasket deformation characterization value is 0.294.

[0055] Table 1. Data on Lock Loosening Indicators

[0056]

[0057] Table 2. Data on the Deformation Characterization Values ​​of Sealing Gaskets

[0058]

[0059] like Figure 4The figure shows the comparison between the latch loosening characteristic value L and the gasket deformation characteristic value G for five splicing interfaces J1 to J5. The horizontal axis represents the splicing interface identifier, and the vertical axis represents the characteristic value; the blue line represents the latch loosening characteristic value L, and the orange line represents the gasket deformation characteristic value G. Each line point is labeled with the calculation result for the corresponding interface. As can be seen from the figure, L is greater than the corresponding G at J1 and J4, indicating that the thermal loss drift at these two interfaces is more consistent with the loosening cause characteristics dominated by latch preload attenuation and displacement retraction; G is greater than the corresponding L at J2, J3, and J5, indicating that the thermal loss drift at these three interfaces is more consistent with the deformation cause characteristics dominated by gasket compression thickness reduction and rebound increment. Figure 4 It provides quantitative basis for the cause identification of drift handling and structural verification modules, and is used to select and issue locking tightening handling instructions or sealing gasket replacement handling instructions based on the comparison results of L and G.

[0060] Specifically, the steps for constructing a handling verification window based on the handling instruction receipt and recalculating the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation to form a handling verification sequence are as follows: Receive receipts for the locking tightening handling instruction and the sealing gasket replacement handling instruction, using the receipt timestamp as the handling event anchor point. The receipt timestamp is taken as the instruction execution completion time and aligned with the nearest sampling period boundary by the sampling period identifier to ensure that subsequent window truncation is consistent with the interface timing data segment. Extract the interface thermal loss monitoring data segment of M consecutive sampling periods before and after the handling event anchor point according to the spliced ​​interface identifier as the handling verification window. In the M consecutive sampling periods, M is an integer from 5 to 60, and the sampling period is used as the reference. For measurement purposes, the number of sampling periods before the event anchor point is taken as 1 to 10 to preserve the pre-treatment state baseline, and the number of sampling periods after the event anchor point is taken as 4 to 50 to characterize the post-treatment fallback process. During the extraction of the treatment verification window, the consistency between the splicing interface identifier and the latch identifier is verified, and a loop connectivity mark is written into the window header to fix the topology. Within the treatment verification window, the interface thermal resistance observation value, the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value, and the interface thermal resistance drift are recalculated. The interface thermal resistance observation value is calculated from the ratio of the temperature difference inside and outside the interface to the heat flux density value of the interface region and is used to characterize the instantaneous level of interface heat transfer impedance after treatment. The interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value is calculated from the value within the calibration section. The preload nonlinear correction term, generated from the average observed interface thermal resistance, the thickness ratio of the gasket compression thickness relative to the average gasket compression thickness in the calibration section, and the preload deviation index of the latching force relative to the average latching force in the calibration section, is jointly calculated and used to characterize the assembly reference impedance level that should be met after treatment. The interface thermal resistance drift is obtained by subtracting the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint value from the observed interface thermal resistance value and is used to quantify the deviation after treatment. The loop conservation deviation is recalculated according to the loop connectivity marker. The loop conservation deviation is calculated from the absolute value of the difference between the observed loop thermal power value and the summed value of the loop interface heat flux and is used to characterize the relationship between the energy-carrying side of the loop and the heat dissipation side of the interface after treatment. The deviation magnitude is determined by converting the observed loop thermal power value from the volumetric flow rate of the heat exchange fluid, the inlet temperature of the heat exchange fluid, and the outlet temperature of the heat exchange fluid, and limiting the range of data collection with loop connectivity markers. The summation value of the loop interface heat flux is obtained by converting the interface heat flux density value into interface heat flux based on the interface area, and then summing it within the loop, with the summation interface set limited by loop connectivity markers. This forms a treatment verification sequence. The treatment verification sequence is output according to the sampling period, identifying the interface thermal resistance drift sequence and the loop conservation deviation sequence, and writing the treatment event anchor point timestamp, splicing interface identifier, loop connectivity marker, and instruction type marker to support the subsequent limited trial treatment instruction triggering judgment.

[0061] In this implementation scheme, by aligning the sampling cycle marker with the event anchor point and capturing the event verification window with the splicing interface marker, and simultaneously outputting the interface thermal resistance drift sequence and the loop conservation deviation sequence within the same window and binding the loop connectivity marker, a unified evaluation baseline for the deviation of interface thermal resistance and loop energy consistency before and after the execution of the event command can be formed. This improves the consistency of the event verification sequence in interpreting the trend of the event effect decline and enhances the reproducibility of the triggering conditions of the limited trial event command.

[0062] Specifically, the steps for issuing a restricted trial handling command when the handling verification sequence does not fall back, and issuing a topology reset handling command when continuously exceeding the limit to perform branch isolation and bypass reset are as follows: When the interface thermal resistance drift or loop conservation deviation in the handling verification sequence is not negative within the difference between adjacent sampling periods in M ​​consecutive sampling periods, the difference between adjacent sampling periods is not negative. This is used to characterize that the interface thermal resistance drift sequence and the loop conservation deviation sequence do not show a downward trend within the handling verification window and to determine that the post-handling state has not returned to the baseline. The trigger branch is determined based on the largest change in valve opening value within the handling verification window. The change in valve opening value is taken as the maximum value minus the minimum value of the valve opening value of the same branch within the trigger section to the handling verification window, and measured as a percentage. The trigger branch is identified by the branch valve with the largest change in value to characterize the branch path with the greatest impact on loop energy distribution. Under the constraint of keeping the loop connectivity marker type unchanged, the restricted trial handling command is issued. The loop connectivity marker type remains unchanged, with the series connectivity marker maintained and the parallel connectivity marker maintained. The parallel connectivity marker is used as a constraint to avoid introducing new heat exchange disturbances during topology switching. The restricted trial handling command executes branch valve opening regression and heat exchange fluid volume flow rate regression for the triggered branch. The branch valve opening regression targets the average valve opening value of the calibration section and uses the difference between the current branch valve opening value and the average valve opening value of the calibration section in the handling verification window as a one-time adjustment amount. The difference adjustment amount is written in reverse to the branch valve execution channel to make the branch valve opening value return to the average valve opening value of the calibration section. The heat exchange fluid volume flow rate regression targets the average heat exchange fluid volume flow rate value of the calibration section and uses the difference between the current heat exchange fluid volume flow rate value and the average heat exchange fluid volume flow rate value of the calibration section in the handling verification window as a one-time adjustment amount. The difference adjustment amount is written in reverse to the flow control channel to make the heat exchange fluid volume flow rate value return to the average heat exchange fluid volume flow rate value of the calibration section. The regression operation is used to eliminate branch allocation deviation and verify whether the abnormal interface thermal resistance drift is driven by the deviation of the loop operating condition without changing the loop connectivity marker type.After the restricted trial handling command is executed, the handling verification sequence is recalculated. When the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation are still greater than the corresponding thresholds within M consecutive sampling periods, a topology reset handling command is issued. The interface thermal resistance drift being greater than the drift threshold and the loop conservation deviation being greater than the deviation threshold are used to characterize that the interface heat transfer impedance deviation has not been eliminated after the loop operating condition regression and to indicate the existence of a structural heat loss channel. The topology reset handling command performs branch isolation and bypass reset on the trigger branch. The branch isolation operation writes the opening and closing status of the trigger branch valve to closed and writes the opening value of the trigger branch valve to 0 to block the heat exchange fluid channel of the branch. The bypass reset... The operation writes the bypass valve's open / closed state to "open" and writes the bypass valve opening value to the average bypass valve opening value in the calibration section to maintain the total flow path of the loop. After topology reset, the calibration section is rebuilt to update the interface thermal resistance reference value, the average latch locking force value, and the average gasket compression thickness value. The rebuilt calibration section uses N consecutive sampling periods where the loop connectivity mark remains unchanged and meets the assembly allowable range as the screening condition, with N being an integer from 5 to 60 and the sampling period as the unit of measurement. The update operation is used to refresh the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value under stable operating conditions after reset to generate a reference and provide a consistent reference for the subsequent candidate interface thermal loss drift mark judgment.

[0063] In this implementation scheme, a restricted trial handling command is triggered by the non-negative constraint of the adjacent difference of the handling verification sequence, and the triggering branch is determined by the largest change in valve opening value. At the same time, under the condition that the loop connection mark type remains unchanged, the branch valve opening value and the heat exchange fluid volume flow rate value are returned to the calibration section average benchmark. Then, when the boundary is continuously exceeded, the branch isolation and bypass reset are performed and the calibration section is rebuilt to update the interface thermal resistance benchmark value. This can form a hierarchical handling path from operating condition regression verification to topology reset recovery, thereby improving the certainty of the identification of the abnormal source of interface thermal resistance drift and reducing the risk of the spread and accumulation of loop conservation deviation in the handling process.

[0064] like Figure 2As shown, the second aspect of this invention provides a modular sand-storage thermal energy operation monitoring system based on thermal loss prediction, including: a data acquisition and preprocessing module, a thermal resistance prediction drift quantification module, a cause discrimination instruction processing module, and a verification and trial topology reset module. The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to periodically acquire interface thermal loss monitoring data and perform time synchronization correction, consistency verification, outlier removal, smoothing and denoising, and dimensional unification processing on the interface thermal loss monitoring data, outputting preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data. The thermal resistance prediction drift quantification module is used to generate interface time-series data segments based on the preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data and write them into loop connectivity markers, select calibration segments to calculate the interface thermal resistance observation value and the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value, obtain the interface thermal resistance drift amount and loop conservation deviation, and generate candidate interfaces. The interface thermal loss drift marker is upgraded to a confirmed interface thermal loss drift marker when the loop connectivity marker is stable and the loop conservation deviation exceeds the limit. The cause discrimination instruction processing module is used to calculate the latch loosening characterization value and the gasket deformation characterization value based on the trigger segment corresponding to the confirmed interface thermal loss drift marker. When the latch loosening characterization value is not less than the gasket deformation characterization value, a latch tightening instruction is issued. When the latch loosening characterization value is less than the gasket deformation characterization value, a gasket replacement instruction is issued. The verification and trial topology reset module is used to construct a treatment verification window based on the treatment instruction receipt and recalculate the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation to form a treatment verification sequence. When the treatment verification sequence does not fall back, a limited trial treatment instruction is issued. When the deviation continues to exceed the limit, a topology reset treatment instruction is issued to perform branch isolation and bypass reset.

[0065] In this implementation scheme, interface heat loss monitoring data is integrated to form a closed-loop link from thermal resistance prediction to drift confirmation, then to cause identification, handling, and verification reset. The drift confirmation caliber is constrained by the stability of the loop connectivity marker, and the handling command is diverted by the latch loosening characterization value and the gasket deformation characterization value. Combined with the handling verification sequence to drive the limited trial handling command and the topology reset handling command, the deviation of interface heat transfer impedance during the heat exchange device's operating condition adjustment process can be quantified and verified, thereby improving the stability of the heat exchange process and reducing the cumulative disturbance of interface heat loss drift to the loop energy balance.

[0066] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0067] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular sand-based thermal energy storage operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 periodically collects interface thermal loss monitoring data and performs time synchronization correction, consistency verification, outlier removal, smoothing and noise reduction, and dimension unification processing on the interface thermal loss monitoring data, and outputs preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data. S2, Based on the preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data, generate interface timing data segments and write them into the loop connectivity marker. Select the calibration segment to calculate the interface thermal resistance observation value and the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value, and obtain the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation. Generate candidate interface thermal loss drift markers and upgrade them to confirmed interface thermal loss drift markers when the loop connectivity marker is stable and the loop conservation deviation exceeds the limit. S3, based on the trigger segment corresponding to the thermal loss drift mark of the confirmation interface, calculate the latch loosening character value and the gasket deformation character value. When the latch loosening character value is not less than the gasket deformation character value, issue a latch tightening instruction. When the latch loosening character value is less than the gasket deformation character value, issue a gasket replacement instruction. The specific steps for calculating the latch loosening characterization value and the gasket deformation characterization value based on the trigger section corresponding to the thermal loss drift mark of the confirmation interface are as follows: Read the thermal loss drift dataset and extract the average value of the locking force of the calibration section latch, the average value of the compression thickness of the calibration section gasket, and the latch locking force, latch displacement, gasket compression thickness, and gasket rebound displacement corresponding to the first and last sampling periods of the trigger section according to the splicing interface identifier. The latch preload attenuation term is obtained by subtracting the latch locking force value at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section from the average latch locking force value of the calibration section, and then dividing by the average latch locking force value of the calibration section. The displacement backoff term is obtained by subtracting the latch displacement at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section from the latch displacement at the beginning of the first sampling period, and then dividing by the sum of the absolute value of the latch displacement in the first sampling period and the minimum term. The displacement backoff term is a dimensionless ratio used to quantify the backoff amplitude of the latch displacement relative to the initial displacement. The minimum term is taken as a value from 10 to the power of -6 to 10 to the power of -3. The natural constant e is raised to the power of the displacement backoff term, and the latch preload attenuation term is multiplied by the obtained power result, and then the arctangent is taken to obtain the latch loosening characterization value. ; The specific formula for calculating the lock loosening characterization value is as follows: ； In the formula, This indicates the value representing the loosening of the latch. This indicates the average locking force value of the calibration section latch. This indicates the latching force value at the end of the sampling period of the trigger segment. This indicates the latch displacement during the first sampling period of the trigger section. This indicates the latch displacement at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section. Indicates minterms; The thickness reduction term is obtained by subtracting the gasket compression thickness at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section from the average gasket compression thickness of the calibration section, then dividing the result by the average gasket compression thickness of the calibration section. The square root of this ratio, plus a minimum term, is then calculated. The rebound increment term is obtained by subtracting the gasket rebound displacement at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section from that at the beginning of the sampling period, then dividing by the sum of the absolute value of the rebound displacement at the beginning of the sampling period and the minimum term. The thickness reduction term is multiplied by the rebound increment term to obtain the gasket deformation characterization value. ; The specific formula for calculating the deformation characterization value of the sealing gasket is as follows: ； In the formula, This represents the deformation characterization value of the sealing gasket. This represents the average compression thickness value of the gasket in the calibration section. This indicates the gasket compression thickness value at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section. This indicates the amount of gasket rebound displacement during the first sampling cycle of the triggered section. This indicates the amount of gasket rebound displacement at the end of the sampling period of the trigger section. Indicates minterms; S4 constructs a handling verification window based on the handling instruction receipt and recalculates the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation to form a handling verification sequence. When the handling verification sequence does not fall back, a restricted trial handling instruction is issued, and when the boundary is continuously exceeded, a topology reset handling instruction is issued to perform branch isolation and bypass reset.

2. The modular sand-based thermal energy storage operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for periodically collecting interface thermal loss monitoring data and performing time synchronization correction, consistency verification, outlier removal, smoothing and noise reduction, and dimensional unification processing on the interface thermal loss monitoring data to output preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data are as follows: A fixed-width sliding time window is set as one sampling period to periodically collect interface heat loss monitoring data of the sand storage thermal array. The interface heat loss monitoring data includes sampling period identifier, building block unit identifier, splicing interface identifier, latch identifier, latch locking force value, latch displacement, gasket compression thickness value, gasket rebound displacement, interface internal and external temperature difference, interface area heat flux density value, heat exchange fluid inlet temperature value, heat exchange fluid outlet temperature value, heat exchange fluid volumetric flow rate value, heat exchange loop pressure value, valve opening and closing status, and valve opening degree value; among which, valves include diverter valves, manifold valves, bypass valves, and branch valves; For the collected interface thermal loss monitoring data, the following steps are performed: Network Time Protocol (NTP) synchronization correction algorithm is used to perform time synchronization correction; Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) consistency check algorithm is used to perform message integrity and transmission error checking; Hample filter anomaly detection algorithm is used to identify and remove anomalies; Moving median smoothing filter algorithm is used to denoise the interface thermal loss monitoring data; and Mini-Max Normalization (MMR) algorithm is used to unify the dimensions of the interface thermal loss monitoring data, outputting the preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data.

3. The modular sand-based thermal energy storage operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for generating interface timing data segments based on preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data and writing them into loop connectivity markers are as follows: Read the preprocessed interface heat loss monitoring data, generate interface timing data segments according to the splicing interface identifier, and write loop connectivity markers according to the valve opening and closing status combination when the heat exchange fluid volume flow rate value is greater than zero. Specifically, when the diverter valve and the manifold valve are closed and the bypass valve is closed, a series connectivity marker is written; when the diverter valve and the manifold valve are open and there are at least two branch valves open, a parallel connectivity marker is written. Select N consecutive sampling periods in the interface timing data segment where the loop connectivity marker remains unchanged and the latch locking force value and the gasket compression thickness value are within the assembly allowable range as calibration segments.

4. The modular sand-based thermal energy storage operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for selecting the calibration section, calculating the observed interface thermal resistance value and the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint value, and obtaining the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation are as follows: Within the calibration section, the ratio of the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the interface to the heat flux density of the interface area is calculated for each sampling period to obtain the interface thermal resistance observation value. The average values ​​of the interface thermal resistance observation value, the latch locking force value, and the gasket compression thickness value within the calibration section are also calculated. The thickness ratio term is obtained by comparing the gasket compression thickness value of the current sampling period with the average gasket compression thickness in the calibration section; the preload deviation index term is obtained by subtracting the current sampling period's locking force value from the average locking force in the calibration section and then dividing by the average locking force in the calibration section; the preload nonlinear correction term is obtained by exponentiation of the natural constant e with the preload deviation index term as the exponent; the interface thermal resistance observation average value, the thickness ratio term, and the preload nonlinear correction term in the calibration section are multiplied in sequence to obtain the interface thermal resistance constraint prediction value. For each sampling period, the observed value of the loop thermal power and the sum of the loop interface heat flux are calculated according to the loop connectivity marker. The observed value of the loop thermal power is obtained by converting the volumetric flow rate of the heat exchange fluid with the inlet and outlet temperatures. The sum of the loop interface heat flux is obtained by converting the heat flux density of the interface area into interface heat flux according to the interface area and then summing it within the loop. The absolute value of the difference between the observed value of the loop thermal power and the sum of the loop interface heat flux is calculated to obtain the loop conservation deviation.

5. The modular sand-based thermal energy storage operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for generating candidate interface thermal loss drift markers and upgrading them to confirmed interface thermal loss drift markers when the loop connectivity marker is stable and the loop conservation deviation exceeds the limit are as follows: For each splicing interface identifier, calculate the difference between the observed interface thermal resistance value and the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint value to obtain the interface thermal resistance drift. When the interface thermal resistance drift exceeds the drift threshold within K consecutive sampling periods, the current segment is defined as the trigger segment, and a candidate interface thermal loss drift marker is generated. When the loop connectivity marker within the trigger segment remains unchanged within P consecutive sampling periods and the loop conservation deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, the candidate interface thermal loss drift marker is upgraded to a confirmed interface thermal loss drift marker. The corresponding interface timing data segment, spliced ​​interface identifier, and loop connectivity marker are extracted, encapsulated, and stored to generate a thermal loss drift dataset.

6. The modular sand-based thermal energy storage operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for issuing a locking tightening instruction when the locking loosening indicator value is not less than the sealing gasket deformation indicator value, and issuing a sealing gasket replacement instruction when the locking loosening indicator value is less than the sealing gasket deformation indicator value, are as follows: Real-time comparison of the latch loosening character value and the sealing gasket deformation character value, when ≥ At that time, a locking and tightening instruction is issued, which includes the target locking force value and the target locking displacement. The target latch locking force value is taken as the average value of the latch locking force value in the calibration section, and the target latch displacement is taken as the latch displacement in the first sampling period of the trigger section. When multiple splicing interface identifiers are simultaneously confirmed interface thermal loss drift markers, the disposal instructions are issued sequentially after sorting them in descending order by the product of the interface thermal resistance drift magnitude and the continuous drift length. when < When the gasket replacement is initiated, a replacement instruction is issued. The gasket replacement instruction includes the target gasket compression thickness value and the upper limit of the target gasket rebound displacement. The target gasket compression thickness value is taken as the average value of the gasket compression thickness value in the calibration section, and the upper limit of the target gasket rebound displacement is taken as the gasket rebound displacement in the first sampling cycle of the trigger section.

7. The modular sand-based thermal energy storage operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for constructing a disposal verification window based on the disposal instruction receipt and recalculating the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation to form a disposal verification sequence are as follows: Receive receipts for locking tightening and sealing gasket replacement instructions, and use the receipt timestamp as the anchor point of the handling event. Extract the interface thermal loss monitoring data segment of M consecutive sampling cycles before and after the handling event anchor point according to the splicing interface identifier as the handling verification window. Within the disposal verification window, the observed interface thermal resistance, the predicted interface thermal resistance constraint, and the interface thermal resistance drift are recalculated, and the loop conservation deviation is recalculated according to the loop connectivity marker to form a disposal verification sequence.

8. The modular sand-based thermal energy storage operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for issuing a restricted trial handling command when the handling verification sequence does not fall back, and issuing a topology reset handling command to perform tributary isolation and bypass reset when the boundary continues to be exceeded, are as follows: When the difference between the interface thermal resistance drift or loop conservation deviation in the handling verification sequence is not negative within M consecutive sampling periods, the trigger branch is determined based on the maximum change in valve opening value within the handling verification window. Under the constraint of keeping the loop connectivity marker type unchanged, a restricted trial handling command is issued. The restricted trial handling command performs branch valve opening regression and heat exchange fluid volume flow rate regression on the trigger branch. The target of branch valve opening regression is the average valve opening value of the calibration section, and the target of heat exchange fluid volume flow rate regression is the average heat exchange fluid volume flow rate value of the calibration section. After the restricted trial handling command is executed, the handling verification sequence is recalculated. When the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation are still greater than the corresponding threshold within M consecutive sampling periods, a topology reset handling command is issued. The topology reset handling command performs branch isolation and bypass reset on the trigger branch, and rebuilds the calibration section after the topology reset to update the interface thermal resistance reference value, the average value of the latch locking force value and the average value of the gasket compression thickness value.

9. A modular sand-storage thermal energy operation monitoring system based on heat loss prediction, employing the modular sand-storage thermal energy operation monitoring method based on heat loss prediction as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The module comprises a data acquisition and preprocessing module, a thermal resistance prediction drift quantization module, a cause determination instruction processing module, and a verification and trial topology reset module, wherein: The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to periodically acquire interface thermal loss monitoring data, and perform time synchronization correction, consistency verification, outlier removal, smoothing and noise reduction and dimension unification processing on the interface thermal loss monitoring data, and output the preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data. The thermal resistance prediction drift quantization module is used to generate interface time series data segments based on preprocessed interface thermal loss monitoring data and write them into loop connectivity markers. It selects calibration segments to calculate interface thermal resistance observation values ​​and interface thermal resistance constraint prediction values ​​and obtains interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation. It generates candidate interface thermal loss drift markers and upgrades them to confirmed interface thermal loss drift markers when the loop connectivity markers are stable and the loop conservation deviation exceeds the limit. The cause determination instruction processing module is used to calculate the latch loosening character value and the gasket deformation character value based on the trigger segment corresponding to the thermal loss drift mark of the confirmation interface. When the latch loosening character value is not less than the gasket deformation character value, a latch tightening instruction is issued. When the latch loosening character value is less than the gasket deformation character value, a gasket replacement instruction is issued. The verification and test topology reset module is used to construct a test window based on the test instruction receipt and recalculate the interface thermal resistance drift and loop conservation deviation to form a test sequence. When the test sequence does not fall back, a restricted test test instruction is issued, and when the boundary is continuously exceeded, a topology reset test instruction is issued to perform branch isolation and bypass reset.

Images