Microbial mineralization kinetics reaction experimental device and experimental method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of geological engineering, and discloses a kind of microbial mineralization kinetics reaction experimental device and experimental method.The microbial mineralization kinetics reaction experimental device includes reaction kettle, injection system, monitoring system and solid sampling mechanism, and the solid sampling port is opened on the reaction kettle, and the solid sampling tube is connected to the reaction kettle, the solid sampling tube has first port and second port, and the first port is directly opposite the solid sampling port;The monitoring system is used to monitor the temperature, pressure and gas concentration in the reaction kettle;The solid sampling mechanism includes a mounting seat, a sample tray and a drive, the mounting seat is detachably plugged into the second port of the solid sampling tube, the sample tray is arranged inside the reaction kettle, and the drive can drive the sample tray to move.The microbial mineralization kinetics reaction experimental device can monitor the key parameters in the microbial mineralization process, and can realize non-destructive sampling to establish a reliable kinetic model for the microbial mineralization process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological engineering technology, and in particular to an experimental apparatus and method for microbial mineralization kinetic reaction. Background Technology

[0002] Natural gas hydrate, also known as combustible ice, is a cage-like crystalline compound formed from natural gas and water under high pressure and low temperature conditions. It is a highly efficient, clean, and abundant new energy source, and its development can greatly alleviate the scarcity and insufficiency of resources such as oil and natural gas. However, during the extraction of natural gas hydrate, the strength of the reservoir decreases, easily affecting the stability of wellbores, pipelines, and offshore platforms buried in sediments, and even triggering large-scale seafloor subsidence and submarine landslides. Therefore, to achieve safe and efficient extraction of natural gas hydrate, it is essential to reinforce and modify the hydrate reservoir to improve its strength and stability.

[0003] In recent years, microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology has been applied as a novel, green, and environmentally friendly technology to scenarios such as soft soil foundation reinforcement, slope management, and prevention of soil liquefaction. Its core principle is the generation of mineral cementing particles through microbial metabolic activity, making it a promising in-situ reservoir reinforcement method. However, there are currently few experimental devices for reinforcing hydrate reservoirs through microbial mineralization, and some existing experimental devices cannot realistically simulate the reservoir environment or monitor the microbial mineralization kinetics in real time.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental device to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental apparatus and method for microbial mineralization kinetics, which can monitor key parameters in the microbial mineralization process in real time and achieve non-destructive sampling during the experiment, so as to establish a reliable kinetic model of the microbial mineralization process.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The experimental apparatus for microbial mineralization kinetics includes:

[0008] A reaction vessel is used to contain a hydrate reservoir. The reaction vessel has a solid sampling port with a first valve. A solid sampling tube is connected to the reaction vessel. The solid sampling tube has a first port and a second port, with the first port facing the solid sampling port.

[0009] An injection system for injecting microbial culture medium and bacterial solution into the reaction vessel;

[0010] A monitoring system is used to monitor the temperature, pressure, and gas concentration inside the reactor.

[0011] A solid sampling mechanism includes a mounting base, a sample tray, and a driving component. The mounting base is detachably sealed to the second port of the solid sampling tube. The sample tray is disposed inside the reactor and is used to obtain solid samples from the hydrate reservoir. The driving component can drive the sample tray to move between the interior of the reactor and the interior of the solid sampling tube through the solid sampling port.

[0012] Preferably, the solid sampling tube is provided with a guide rail that extends along the length of the solid sampling tube, and the sample tray is provided with a slider that matches the guide rail, the slider being slidably disposed on the guide rail.

[0013] Preferably, the driving component is rotatably mounted on the mounting base, passes through the sample tray, and is threadedly engaged with the sample tray. The rotation of the driving component can drive the sample tray to move along the guide rail.

[0014] Preferably, a sealing ring is sandwiched between the mounting base and the solid sampling tube, and a connection hole is provided on the sealing ring. The driving component passes through the connection hole and abuts against the side wall of the connection hole.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the reactor is provided with a gas sampling port and a second valve is provided on the gas sampling port, and the bottom of the reactor is provided with a liquid sampling port and a third valve is provided on the liquid sampling port.

[0016] Preferably, a liquid sampling tube is connected to the liquid sampling port, and a needle filter is provided on the liquid sampling tube.

[0017] Preferably, the microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental device further includes a temperature-adjustable temperature control pipeline, which is wound around the outside of the reaction vessel.

[0018] Preferably, the microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental device further includes a magnetic stirrer, and a magnetic stir bar is added to the reaction vessel, the magnetic stirrer being able to drive the magnetic stir bar to move.

[0019] The experimental method for microbial mineralization kinetics, using the aforementioned experimental apparatus, includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. The sample tray is moved into the hydrate reservoir inside the reactor by the drive component;

[0021] S2. Using the injection system, inject the microbial culture medium and the bacterial solution into the reactor, and adjust the temperature inside the reactor to the specified experimental temperature;

[0022] S3. Monitor and record the temperature, pressure, and gas concentration inside the reactor in real time;

[0023] S4. When the sampling time is reached, the sample tray is removed from the solid sampling port and the first valve is closed to analyze the solid sample in the sample tray.

[0024] Preferably, step S4 specifically includes:

[0025] The driving component drives the sample tray to move from the inside of the reaction vessel to the inside of the solid sampling tube;

[0026] Close the first valve;

[0027] Remove the mounting base from the solid sampling tube and take out the sample tray inside the solid sampling tube.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0029] The microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental device provided by this invention includes a reaction vessel, a monitoring system, and a solid sampling mechanism. The reaction vessel is used to contain a hydrate reservoir, and the injection system injects microbial culture medium and bacterial solution into the reaction vessel. Therefore, the mineralization process of microorganisms in real seabed hydrate reservoirs can be simulated by adjusting the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel. Since the experimental device includes a monitoring system, it can monitor the temperature, pressure, and gas concentration inside the reaction vessel in real time, thereby simultaneously plotting the kinetic curves of temperature, pressure, and various gas concentrations over time during the microbial mineralization reaction process. This allows for a more intuitive and convenient quantification and analysis of microbial metabolic activity. Because a solid sampling port is provided on the reaction vessel, a sample tray can also be used to sample... Sampling analysis was conducted on the hydrate reservoir to observe the evolution of mineral phases, the increase in crystallinity, and the cementation between sediment particles. Because a first valve was installed at the solid sampling port, and the first port of the solid sampling tube was positioned directly opposite the solid sampling port, and the driving mechanism could move the sample tray between the reactor and the solid sampling tube through the solid sampling port, solid sampling could be performed by first moving the sample tray from the reactor to the solid sampling tube using the driving mechanism. Then, the third valve was closed, isolating the solid sampling tube from the reactor. The mounting base was then removed from the solid sampling tube, allowing the sample tray to be retrieved for solid sample analysis. The entire sampling process did not interrupt the reaction or disrupt the overall pressure balance, achieving in-situ non-destructive sampling. This experimental device for microbial mineralization kinetics can monitor key parameters in the microbial mineralization process in real time and perform correlation analysis on multiple parameters to establish a reliable kinetic model. At the same time, the device can also achieve non-destructive sampling during the experiment, breaking the "black box" of microbial mineralization research. It accurately reveals the intrinsic relationship between environmental parameters, microbial metabolic activity and mineralization rate, and provides reliable theoretical support for the practical application of microbial mineralization to reinforce hydrate reservoirs.

[0030] This microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental method simulates the real-world mineralization process by injecting microbial culture medium and bacterial solution into the hydrate reservoir of the reactor and adjusting the temperature inside the reactor. Because the pressure, temperature, and gas concentration inside the reactor are monitored in real time during the experiment, kinetic curves of temperature, pressure, and various gas concentrations over time during the microbial mineralization reaction can be plotted simultaneously, solving the data lag and distortion problems caused by offline analysis. After removing the sample tray and closing the first valve, the solid sample in the tray is analyzed. This allows for the tracking of the complete evolutionary sequence of minerals from nucleation, growth to maturity without interrupting the reaction inside the reactor or disrupting the pressure balance of the system. This provides reliable theoretical support for the practical application of microbial mineralization in reinforcing hydrate reservoirs. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the solid sampling mechanism provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a side view of the solid sampling mechanism provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 1-Reaction vessel; 11-Solid sampling tube; 111-Guide rail; 112-Connecting seat;

[0036] 2-Injection system;

[0037] 3-Monitoring system; 31-Temperature sensor; 32-Pressure sensor; 33-Gas concentration sensor;

[0038] 4-Solid sampling mechanism; 41-Mounting base; 42-Sample tray; 43-Driver; 44-Sealing ring;

[0039] 5-Temperature control pipeline;

[0040] 6-Gas sampling tube;

[0041] 7-Liquid sampling tube; 71-Needle filter;

[0042] 8-Magnetic stirrer. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0044] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and "left," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental device, which includes a reaction vessel 1, an injection system 2, a monitoring system 3, and a solid sampling mechanism 4. The reaction vessel 1 is used to contain a hydrate reservoir; the injection system 2 is used to inject microbial culture medium and bacterial solution into the reaction vessel 1; the monitoring system 3 is used to monitor the temperature, pressure, and gas concentration inside the reaction vessel 1; a solid sampling port is provided on the reaction vessel 1, and a first valve (not shown in the figure) is provided on the solid sampling port; a solid sampling tube 11 is connected to the reaction vessel 1, and the solid sampling tube 11 has a first port and a second port, with the first port facing the solid sampling port; the solid sampling mechanism 4 includes a mounting base 41, a sample tray 42, and a driving component 43; the mounting base 41 is detachably sealed to the second port of the solid sampling tube 11; the sample tray 42 is disposed inside the reaction vessel 1 and is used to obtain solid samples from the hydrate reservoir; the driving component 43 can drive the sample tray 42 to move between the inside of the reaction vessel 1 and the inside of the solid sampling tube 11 through the solid sampling port. Specifically, reactor 1 is used to contain the hydrate reservoir, and injection system 2 injects microbial culture medium and bacterial solution into reactor 1. Therefore, the mineralization process of microorganisms in real seabed hydrate reservoirs can be simulated by adjusting the temperature and pressure in reactor 1. Since the experimental device includes monitoring system 3, which can monitor the temperature, pressure, and gas concentration inside reactor 1 in real time, it can simultaneously plot the kinetic curves of temperature, pressure, and various gas concentrations over time during the microbial mineralization reaction, allowing for more intuitive and convenient quantification and analysis of microbial metabolic activity. Because reactor 1 has a solid sampling port, samples can also be taken from the hydrate reservoir through sample tray 42 for analysis to observe the evolution of mineral phases and crystallinity. This increases the cementation between sediment particles; because a first valve is provided on the solid sampling port, the first port of the solid sampling tube 11 is positioned directly opposite the solid sampling port, and the driving component 43 can drive the sample tray 42 to move between the inside of the reactor 1 and the inside of the solid sampling tube 11 through the solid sampling port. Therefore, when performing solid sampling, the sample tray 42 can be moved from the inside of the reactor 1 to the solid sampling tube 11 by the driving component 43, and then the first valve is closed. At this time, the solid sampling tube 11 is isolated from the inside of the reactor 1. Then, the mounting base 41 is removed from the solid sampling tube 11, and the sample tray 42 in the solid sampling tube 11 can be taken out for solid sample analysis. The entire sampling process does not interrupt the reaction or disrupt the overall pressure balance, thus achieving in-situ non-destructive sampling.This experimental device for microbial mineralization kinetics can monitor key parameters in the microbial mineralization process in real time and perform correlation analysis on multiple parameters to establish a reliable kinetic model. At the same time, the device can also achieve non-destructive sampling during the experiment, breaking the "black box" of microbial mineralization research. It accurately reveals the intrinsic relationship between environmental parameters, microbial metabolic activity and mineralization rate, and provides reliable theoretical support for the practical application of microbial mineralization to reinforce hydrate reservoirs.

[0048] The injection system 2 includes an injection pump and an injection line. The outlet of the injection pump is connected to the interior of the reactor 1 through the injection line. At the start of the experiment, the injection pump injects the prepared microbial culture medium and bacterial solution into the reactor 1 through the injection line.

[0049] In this embodiment, the monitoring system 3 includes a temperature sensor 31, a pressure sensor 32, a gas concentration sensor 33, and a computer. The detection heads of the temperature sensor 31 and the pressure sensor 32 are both placed in the liquid at the bottom of the reactor 1. The gas concentration sensor 33 is an infrared methane concentration sensor. The temperature sensor 31, pressure sensor 32, and gas concentration sensor 33 input the physical quantities they detect into the computer. The data analysis software in the computer can automatically plot three curves: "temperature-time", "pressure-time", and "methane concentration-time", thereby facilitating the quantification of the metabolic activity of microorganisms in the reactor 1. During the experiment, when the sampling time is reached, the operator can remove the sample tray 42 from the reactor 1 using the drive component 43 to analyze the sediment (solid sample) on the sample tray 42. It should be noted that after each removal of the sample tray 42 from the reactor 1, the operator needs to place the sample tray 42 back into the reactor 1 to obtain new sediment samples. Understandably, during the process of removing the sample tray 42, the sample tray 42 needs to be moved through the solid sampling port into the solid sampling tube 11 by the drive component 43. Then, the first valve is closed to isolate the inside of the reactor 1 from the inside of the solid sampling tube 11. Finally, the mounting seat 41 sealing the second port is removed to remove the sample tray 42 from the solid sampling tube 11. When placing the sample tray 42 back in, the operation sequence is reversed. That is, the sample tray 42 is first placed into the solid sampling tube 11, then the mounting seat 41 is installed to seal the second port, then the first valve is opened to connect the reactor 1 with the inside of the solid sampling tube 11 to form a stable pressure environment. Finally, the sample tray 42 is moved into the reactor 1 through the solid sampling port by the drive component 43. Since the sediments in the hydrate reservoir are relatively loose, the sample tray 42 only needs to be placed deeper than before to contact the sediments and obtain the sediments.

[0050] To improve the stability of sample tray 42 during movement and reduce the impact on microbial reactions inside reactor 1, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a guide rail 111 is provided in the solid sampling tube 11, extending along the length of the solid sampling tube 11. A slider matching the guide rail 111 is provided on the sample tray 42, and the slider is slidably disposed on the guide rail 111. In this embodiment, two guide rails 111 are provided, correspondingly disposed on the top and bottom walls inside the solid sampling tube 11; in another embodiment, two guide rails 111 are correspondingly disposed on the left and right side walls inside the solid sampling tube 11. To better observe the movement of the sample tray 42 in the solid sampling tube 11 and the position of the sample tray 42, the solid sampling tube 11 is made of a transparent material.

[0051] The specific structure and driving principle of the driving component 43 can be set according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the driving component 43 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 41. The driving component 43 passes through the sample tray 42 and is threadedly engaged with the sample tray 42. The rotation of the driving component 43 can drive the sample tray 42 to move along the guide rail 111. Specifically, the mounting base 41 is provided with a bearing. The driving component 43 includes a rod and a handle connected to each other. The rod is rotatably engaged with the mounting base 41 through the bearing. The rod extends into the solid sampling tube 11 and is threadedly engaged with the sample tray 42. The handle is located on the side of the mounting base 41 away from the sampling tube 11 and is used to rotate the rod. Since the rod is threadedly engaged with the sample tray 42 and the sample tray 42 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 111 by a slider, the driving component 43, the sample tray 42, and the guide rail 111 form a commonly used lead screw slide module in the art. The operator can drive the sample tray 42 to move along the guide rail 111 by rotating the handle.

[0052] The sample tray 42 can be made into a cuboid, cylinder or other shapes according to the actual situation, as long as the sample tray 42 can smoothly enter and exit the reactor 1 under the drive of the drive component 43; in this embodiment, the sample tray 42 is a cuboid structure, and sliders that cooperate with guide rails 111 are respectively provided on its upper and lower end faces, and multiple sampling grooves are also recessed on the upper end face of the sample tray 42 to accommodate loose sediments in the hydrate reservoir.

[0053] Furthermore, a sealing ring 44 is sandwiched between the mounting base 41 and the solid sampling tube 11. The sealing ring 44 has a connection hole, and the driving component 43 passes through the connection hole and abuts against the side wall of the connection hole. The sealing ring 44 can improve the sealing effect of the mounting base 41 on the second port of the solid sampling tube 11, so that the inside of the solid sampling tube 11 and the inside of the reactor 1 form a stable experimental environment isolated from the outside world, minimizing the impact on the metabolic activities of microorganisms in the reactor 1.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the mounting base 41 is a disc-shaped metal structure with a bearing at its center. A connecting base 112 is provided on the end face of the second port of the solid sampling tube 11. The connecting base 112 includes a support leg and an annular connecting plate. The support leg is fixedly installed in the end face of the second port of the solid sampling tube 11. The annular connecting plate protrudes from the end face of the second port and has a screw hole. The mounting base 41 also has a corresponding through hole. The mounting base 41 is fixedly connected to the connecting base 112 by bolts. A sealing ring 44 is sandwiched between the connecting base 112 and the mounting base 41 to ensure a sealing effect between the mounting base 41 and the connecting base 112. At the same time, a cylindrical sealing protrusion is provided at the connecting hole in the center of the sealing ring 44. A through channel is provided in the center of the sealing protrusion. The through channel matches the rod body and is directly connected to the connecting hole. Therefore, the rod body of the driving component 43 rotates with the mounting base 41 through the bearing on the mounting base 41, and the rod body passes through the connecting hole and the through channel in sequence to seal with the sealing ring 44. When the sampling time is reached and the solid sample needs to be taken out for analysis, the staff first turns the handle of the drive component 43. The rod rotates and drives the sample tray 42 to move along the length of the solid sampling tube 11. When the sample tray 42 is completely inside the solid sampling tube 11, the staff closes the first valve to isolate the inside of the reactor 1 from the inside of the solid sampling tube 11. Then the staff removes the bolts on the mounting base 41 and removes the mounting base 41, the drive component 43 and the sample tray 42 from the solid sampling tube 11.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, a gas sampling port is provided at the top of reactor 1, and a second valve (not shown in the figure) is installed on the gas sampling port. A liquid sampling port is provided at the bottom of reactor 1, and a third valve (not shown in the figure) is installed on the liquid sampling port. Since reactor 1 is equipped with both gas and liquid sampling ports, samples of the liquid and gas in reactor 1 can be taken and analyzed during the experiment to accurately obtain the changes of each component in the liquid and gas environment during microbial mineralization. This allows for correlation analysis of multiple parameters to establish a more reliable and practical kinetic model, thereby improving our understanding of microbial mineralization processes.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, a liquid sampling tube 7 is connected to the liquid sampling port, and a needle filter 71 is installed on the liquid sampling tube 7. The needle filter 71 is a membrane filtration device commonly used in the field, which can filter microorganisms in the liquid sampling tube 7 to prevent microorganisms from being removed and affecting the experimental process. It can be understood that when it is necessary to sample and analyze the liquid in the reaction vessel 1, the operator first opens the third valve on the liquid sampling port, and the liquid in the reaction vessel 1 will enter the liquid sampling tube 7 through the liquid sampling port and be filtered by the needle filter 71 before sample analysis.

[0057] In this embodiment, a gas sampling tube 6 is connected to the gas sampling port. To ensure the stability of the gas flow in the gas sampling tube 6, a pressure reducing valve is installed on the gas sampling tube 6. The end of the gas sampling tube 6 is directly connected to the inlet of the gas chromatograph. When it is necessary to sample and analyze the gas in the reaction vessel 1, the operator first opens the second valve on the gas sampling port. Then the gas in the reaction vessel 1 will enter the gas sampling tube 6 through the gas sampling port and finally enter the gas chromatograph for sample analysis.

[0058] The microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental apparatus also includes a temperature-adjustable temperature-regulating pipeline 5. The temperature-regulating pipeline 5 is wound around the outside of the reaction vessel 1. The temperature-regulating pipeline 5 can adjust its own temperature according to experimental needs, thereby changing the experimental temperature inside the reaction vessel 1 and meeting the requirements under different experimental conditions. In this embodiment, the inlet and outlet of the temperature-regulating pipeline 5 are respectively connected to a circulating heat source. The circulating heat source can supply liquid of a certain temperature to the inlet of the temperature-regulating pipeline 5. After exchanging heat with the reaction vessel 1 through the temperature-regulating pipeline 5, the liquid returns to the circulating heat source from the outlet, thus repeating the cycle to ensure the required experimental temperature inside the reaction vessel 1.

[0059] To accelerate the normal metabolic activities of microorganisms, such as Figure 1 As shown, the microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental apparatus also includes a magnetic stirrer 8. A magnetic stir bar is added to the reaction vessel 1, and the magnetic stirrer 8 can drive the magnetic stir bar to move. In this embodiment, the magnetic stirrer 8 is a commonly used experimental instrument in the art. Its core principle is to drive the magnetic stir bar in the reaction vessel 1 to perform circular motion through a magnetic field, thereby achieving the purpose of stirring the liquid. When microbial culture medium and bacterial solution are injected into the reaction vessel 1, the operator starts the magnetic stirrer 8, and the magnetic stir bar will rotate in the reaction vessel 1 to achieve stirring of the liquid, thereby uniformly mixing the microbial culture medium and bacterial solution to accelerate the metabolic activity of microorganisms.

[0060] This embodiment also provides a microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental method. This method uses the above-mentioned microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental device and includes the following steps: S1, moving the sample tray 42 to the hydrate reservoir inside the reaction vessel 1 by the driving component 43; S2, injecting microbial culture medium and bacterial solution into the reaction vessel 1 using the injection system 2, and adjusting the temperature inside the reaction vessel 1 to the specified temperature; S3, monitoring and recording the temperature and pressure inside the reaction vessel 1 in real time; S4, when the sampling time is reached, closing the first valve and removing the mounting base 41 from the solid sampling tube 11; S5, analyzing the solid sample in the sample tray 42. Specifically, by injecting microbial culture medium and bacterial solution into the hydrate reservoir of reactor 1 and adjusting the temperature inside reactor 1, the mineralization process of microorganisms under real conditions is simulated. Since the pressure, temperature and gas concentration inside reactor 1 are monitored in real time during the experiment, the kinetic curves of temperature, pressure and various gas concentrations changing over time during the microbial mineralization reaction can be plotted simultaneously, solving the problems of data lag and data distortion caused by offline analysis. After removing the sample tray 42 and closing the first valve, the solid sample in the sample tray 42 is analyzed. Under the premise of not interrupting the reaction inside reactor 1 and not disrupting the pressure balance of the system inside reactor 1, the complete evolution sequence of minerals from nucleation, growth to maturity can be tracked, providing reliable theoretical support for the practical application of microbial mineralization to reinforce hydrate reservoirs.

[0061] In order to achieve non-destructive sampling during the experiment, step S4 specifically includes: driving the sample tray 42 from the inside of the reactor 1 to the inside of the solid sampling tube 11 by the driving component 43; closing the first valve; removing the mounting base 41 from the solid sampling tube 11 and taking out the sample tray 42 from the inside of the solid sampling tube 11.

[0062] The following example illustrates the experimental method using the experiment of inducing carbonate precipitation by methanogenic bacteria at 10℃ and 8MPa:

[0063] First, the staff fixed the mounting base 41 to the solid sampling tube 11 to block the second port of the solid sampling tube 11, and rotated the drive component 43 to insert the sample tray 42 into the hydrate storage layer inside the reactor 1 through the solid sampling port; then, the staff started the circulating heat source and adjusted the temperature inside the reactor 1 to 10°C through the temperature control pipeline 5, and released methane gas to make the pressure inside the reactor 1 reach 8MPa.

[0064] After the temperature and pressure inside reactor 1 stabilize, sterile culture medium and concentrated methanogenic bacteria solution are injected into reactor 1 through injection system 2, and magnetic stirrer 8 is started to stir the liquid inside reactor 1; this time is recorded as t=0. At the same time, monitoring system 3 starts to monitor the temperature, pressure and methane gas concentration, and uses computer data analysis software to plot three curves: "temperature-time", "pressure-time" and "methane concentration-time" to reflect the dynamic changes in microbial metabolic activity in real time.

[0065] At time points t=24h, 72h, and 168h, the second valve on the gas sampling port and the third valve on the liquid sampling port were opened respectively, and samples of the gas and liquid in reactor 1 were taken for analysis; specifically, the Ca in the liquid sample needed to be analyzed. 2 + HCO 3- Concentration, pH, and microbial quantity were measured, and gas chromatography was used to analyze changes in gas composition. At t=72h, the operator rotated drive 43 to move sample tray 42 through the solid sampling port into solid sampling tube 11. The first valve at the solid sampling port was then closed, isolating the interior of reactor 1 from the interior of solid sampling tube 11. The operator then removed mounting base 41 from solid sampling tube 11, extracting sample tray 42. The evolution of sediment mineral phases, increase in crystallinity, and cementation between sediment particles on sample tray 42 were analyzed and recorded. After analysis, sample tray 42 was reinserted into reactor 1 using the same procedure as before the experiment, but this time it was moved to a deeper position to obtain new sediment. At t=168h, sample tray 42 was removed again in the same manner for solid sample analysis.

[0066] After the experiment, all temperature, pressure, and methane consumption rate data were exported using a computer. These time series data were then aligned with the gas and liquid phase chemical data and solid mineral analysis results at each sampling time point on the same time axis. A kinetic mathematical model was then established to quantitatively describe the "methane oxidation rate - solution alkalization - calcium carbonate precipitation rate" through analysis.

[0067] As can be seen from the above specific implementation methods, this experimental device and method for microbial mineralization kinetics not only provides a realistic and reliable simulation environment, but also transforms the "black box" process of microbial mineralization reaction into a series of measurable and correlated dynamic signals through innovative real-time monitoring and process sampling capabilities, providing a powerful tool for mechanism research and application optimization.

[0068] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for microbial mineralization kinetics, characterized in that, include: A reaction vessel (1) is used to contain a hydrate reservoir. A solid sampling port is provided on the reaction vessel (1). A first valve is provided on the solid sampling port. A solid sampling tube (11) is connected to the reaction vessel (1). The solid sampling tube (11) has a first port and a second port. The first port is positioned opposite the solid sampling port. An injection system (2) is used to inject microbial culture medium and bacterial solution into the reactor (1); The monitoring system (3) is used to monitor the temperature, pressure and gas concentration inside the reactor (1); The solid sampling mechanism (4) includes a mounting base (41), a sample tray (42), and a driving component (43). The mounting base (41) is detachably sealed to the second port of the solid sampling tube (11). The sample tray (42) is disposed inside the reactor (1) and is used to obtain solid samples from the hydrate reservoir. The driving component (43) can drive the sample tray (42) to move between the inside of the reactor (1) and the inside of the solid sampling tube (11) through the solid sampling port.

2. The experimental apparatus for microbial mineralization kinetics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid sampling tube (11) is provided with a guide rail (111), which extends along the length of the solid sampling tube (11). The sample tray (42) is provided with a slider that matches the guide rail (111), and the slider is slidably disposed on the guide rail (111).

3. The experimental apparatus for microbial mineralization kinetics according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component (43) is rotatably mounted on the mounting base (41). The driving component (43) passes through the sample tray (42) and is threadedly engaged with the sample tray (42). The rotation of the driving component (43) can drive the sample tray (42) to move along the guide rail (111).

4. The experimental apparatus for microbial mineralization kinetics according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sealing ring (44) is sandwiched between the mounting base (41) and the solid sampling tube (11). A connection hole is provided on the sealing ring (44). The driving component (43) passes through the connection hole and abuts against the side wall of the connection hole.

5. The experimental apparatus for microbial mineralization kinetics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the reactor (1) is provided with a gas sampling port and a second valve is provided on the gas sampling port. The bottom of the reactor (1) is provided with a liquid sampling port and a third valve is provided on the liquid sampling port.

6. The experimental apparatus for microbial mineralization kinetics according to claim 5, characterized in that, A liquid sampling tube (7) is connected to the liquid sampling port, and a needle filter (71) is provided on the liquid sampling tube (7).

7. The experimental apparatus for microbial mineralization kinetics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental device also includes a temperature-adjustable temperature control pipeline (5), which is wound around the outside of the reaction vessel (1).

8. The experimental apparatus for microbial mineralization kinetics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental device also includes a magnetic stirrer (8), and a magnetic stir bar is added to the reaction vessel (1). The magnetic stirrer (8) can drive the magnetic stir bar to move.

9. An experimental method for microbial mineralization kinetics, characterized in that, Using the microbial mineralization kinetic reaction experimental apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-8, the following steps are included: S1. The sample tray (42) is moved into the hydrate reservoir inside the reactor (1) by the drive (43); S2. Using the injection system (2), inject the microbial culture medium and the bacterial solution into the reaction vessel (1), and adjust the temperature inside the reaction vessel (1) to the specified experimental temperature; S3. Monitor and record the temperature, pressure and gas concentration inside the reactor (1) in real time; S4. When the sampling time is reached, the sample tray (42) is taken out from the solid sampling port and the first valve is closed to analyze the solid sample in the sample tray (42).

10. The experimental method for microbial mineralization kinetics according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically includes: The sample tray (42) is moved from inside the reactor (1) to inside the solid sampling tube (11) by the drive (43); Close the first valve; Remove the mounting base (41) from the solid sampling tube (11) and take out the sample tray (42) inside the solid sampling tube (11).

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