基于计算机视觉的轨道表面缺陷检测系统

By analyzing continuous images of the track surface over time, water film disturbance and crack features are separated. Texture is enhanced by reverse convergence and edge information superposition, which solves the instability problem of track detection under water film coverage after rain and improves the accuracy and consistency of detection.

CN122115437BActive Publication Date: 2026-07-17SHANGHAI CONTRON INFORMATION TECH CO LTD

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
SHANGHAI CONTRON INFORMATION TECH CO LTD
Filing Date
2026-04-28
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

When residual water film covers the track surface after rain, computer vision-based track surface defect detection systems are prone to misjudging water film disturbances as structural cracks, leading to unstable detection results, ignoring real defects and delaying their treatment, thus increasing the risk of crack propagation.

Method used

By analyzing continuous images of the track surface over time, dynamic dark texture features are extracted and a hierarchical recognition path is formed. Water film disturbance and crack features are separated, and the texture is stabilized by using reverse convergence and edge information superposition to restore the true crack features.

Benefits of technology

It effectively avoids misjudgment due to water film disturbance, improves the stability and accuracy of defect detection, reduces the probability of missed detection, and ensures the consistency of identification results.

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Abstract

本发明公开了基于计算机视觉的轨道表面缺陷检测系统,涉及缺陷检测技术领域,采集雨后轨道表面连续图像,并同步记录相邻帧亮度起伏变化轨迹,在时间推进过程中提取暗纹出现频率与移动方向信息,生成动态暗纹初始标识;针对动态暗纹初始标识所对应区域,对连续图像中的亮度变化节奏进行逐帧对照,将具有周期性起伏特征的区域标记为流动干扰区。本发明通过时间维度解析轨道表面连续图像,提取动态暗纹特征并形成分级识别路径,实现水膜扰动与裂纹特征的有效分离,提升缺陷检测稳定性;同时通过反向收敛与边缘信息叠加增强稳定纹理,恢复真实裂纹特征,提升识别准确性并降低漏检风险。
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