A signal gain control method, device, terminal and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a signal gain control method and device, a terminal and a storage medium, relates to the technical field of communication, and is used for solving the problem of poor accuracy of signal gain in a beam hopping scene. First, the intensity index RSSI of a received signal of at least one signal in a current gain adjustment period is acquired, the maximum value in the RSSI of the at least one signal is compared with a gain adjustment threshold value, and whether to adjust a gain value is determined according to a comparison result. If the maximum value in the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold value, the gain value is not adjusted at this time, and the at least one signal is amplified according to a first gain value. When the maximum value in the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold value, the gain value is re-determined at this time, a second gain value is obtained, and the at least one signal is amplified according to the second gain value. The accuracy of signal gain is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal gain control method, device, terminal and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] For low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite terminals, automatic gain control (AGC) enhancement is a key technology. For LEO satellite terminals, the received signals have the characteristics of multipath and attenuation of ground base stations, while also meeting the requirements of long distance and mobility of LEO satellites. The strategies and methods of automatic gain adjustment will be updated and improved to address these characteristics.

[0003] Signal gain is typically achieved through analog or digital circuits. Existing automatic gain control schemes generally set an initial signal strength and a corresponding initial gain value. Initially, the signal received by the terminal is amplified using this initial gain value. When the signal strength received by the terminal is lower than the initial signal strength, the gain value is increased; when the signal strength received by the terminal is higher than the initial signal strength, the gain value is decreased. In existing technologies, the gain value is adjusted accordingly whenever the signal strength of the signal received by the terminal changes. However, in low-Earth orbit satellite communication, beam hopping scenarios exist. In beam hopping scenarios, the signal strength received by the terminal increases and then decreases until the terminal switches to the next satellite base station. Existing technologies generally have larger signal strength changes in beam hopping scenarios, resulting in larger adjusted gain values. This can lead to untimely gain value adjustments and inaccurate gain. Furthermore, frequent gain adjustments in beam hopping scenarios can negatively impact the safety of analog and digital gain amplifiers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a signal gain control method, device, terminal, and storage medium to solve the problems of poor signal gain accuracy and frequent gain value adjustments in beam-hopping scenarios in the prior art, which have adverse effects on the safety of analog and digital circuits.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a signal gain control method applied to a terminal, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the RSSI (Signal Strength Index) of the received signal for at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period;

[0007] When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the at least one signal is amplified according to the first gain value;

[0008] When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, a second gain value is determined based on the target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal, and the at least one signal is amplified based on the second gain value.

[0009] In one possible implementation, after determining the second gain value, the method further includes:

[0010] The first gain value is updated using the second gain value.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0012] In one possible implementation, when there is no service data transmission during the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighbor cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received during at least one measurement timing configuration SMTC period in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0013] In one possible implementation, when there is service data transmission during the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value among the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received based on the downlink reference signal CSI-RS channel during the previous gain adjustment period.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the average value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0016] In one possible implementation, amplifying the at least one signal according to the first gain value includes:

[0017] The first gain value is sent to an analog gain amplifier, which amplifies the at least one signal; or

[0018] The first gain value is sent to a digital gain amplifier, which amplifies the at least one signal.

[0019] Secondly, this application provides a signal gain control device applied to a terminal, the device comprising:

[0020] The acquisition module is used to acquire the RSSI (Signal Strength Index) of the received signal of at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period.

[0021] A gain module is used to amplify the at least one signal according to a first gain value when the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold.

[0022] The gain module is further configured to determine a second gain value based on the target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal when the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold value, and to amplify the at least one signal based on the second gain value.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the device further includes:

[0024] An update module is used to update the first gain value using the second gain value.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0026] In one possible implementation, when there is no service data transmission during the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighbor cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received during at least one measurement timing configuration SMTC period in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0027] In one possible implementation, when there is service data transmission during the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value among the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received based on the downlink reference signal CSI-RS channel during the previous gain adjustment period.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the average value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the gain module is specifically configured to send the first gain value to an analog gain amplifier for amplifying the at least one signal; or to send the first gain value to a digital gain amplifier for amplifying the at least one signal.

[0031] Thirdly, this application provides a terminal, the terminal including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores program code that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0032] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a communication device, implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0033] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product that, when invoked by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0034] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0035] The signal gain control scheme provided in this application first obtains the received signal strength index (RSSI) of at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period. The maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal is compared with a gain adjustment threshold. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether to adjust the gain value. If the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the gain value is not adjusted, and at least one signal is amplified according to a first gain value. When the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, the gain value is re-determined to obtain a second gain value; at least one signal is amplified according to the second gain value. Compared with existing signal gain control schemes, this approach reduces the frequency of gain value adjustments, avoiding adverse effects on the safety of analog and digital gain amplifiers. Furthermore, in beam-hopping scenarios where signal strength changes significantly, using the gain adjustment threshold as a constraint on gain value adjustment avoids inaccurate gain due to large adjusted gain values ​​and delayed gain correction. This improves the accuracy of signal gain. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the change in the received signal strength from a low-Earth orbit satellite by the terminal provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first signal gain control process provided in this application;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the communication scenario of the satellite base station and terminal provided in this application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the third signal gain control process provided in this application;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth signal gain control process provided in this application;

[0042] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the signal gain control process when the terminal provided in this application is in an idle state;

[0043] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the signal gain control process when the terminal provided in this application is in a connected state;

[0044] Figure 8 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a signal gain control device;

[0045] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the terminal structure provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives and implementation methods of this application clearer, the exemplary implementation methods of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the exemplary embodiments of this application. Obviously, the exemplary embodiments described are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0047] It should be noted that the brief descriptions of terms in this application are only for the convenience of understanding the embodiments described below, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. Unless otherwise stated, these terms should be understood in their ordinary and common meaning.

[0048] The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar or related objects or entities, and do not necessarily imply a specific order or sequence, unless otherwise specified. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate.

[0049] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover but not exclude inclusion, for example, a product or device that includes a range of components is not necessarily limited to all of the components that are clearly listed, but may include other components that are not clearly listed or that are inherent to such product or device.

[0050] The term "module" refers to any known or subsequently developed hardware, software, firmware, artificial intelligence, fuzzy logic, or combination of hardware and / or software code that is capable of performing the functions associated with that element.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0052] For ease of explanation, the above description has been provided in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, the above exemplary discussion is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the specific forms disclosed above. Various modifications and variations can be obtained based on the above teachings. The selection and description of the above embodiments are for the purpose of better explaining the principles and practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better utilize the described embodiments and various different variations of embodiments suitable for specific use considerations.

[0053] To facilitate understanding of the signal gain control scheme provided in this application, the relevant background of signal gain control will first be explained.

[0054] Currently, signal gain control employs two main methods. The first is analog circuit-based automatic gain control (AGC). However, analog AGC loop circuits have significant limitations for multi-band AGC. Furthermore, especially in global standard non-terrestrial networks (NR NTN), where the time and frequency domains of NR signals offer greater flexibility, analog RSSI level detection is a broadband measurement and often fails to accurately reflect the actual RSSI across the used bandwidth. Therefore, using analog circuits for AGC results in high hardware costs, insufficient computational accuracy, poor versatility, and once deployed, it's impossible to flexibly configure parameters such as AGC dynamic range and desired thresholds. The second method uses digital circuits for AGC. This involves digital circuitry for level detection, a variable gain amplifier, a gain error detector, and a filter, with all-digital gain control for loop compensation. This design may experience situations where the automatic gain adjustment is too rapid in certain interference or rapidly changing scenarios, leading to difficulties in convergence due to constantly changing received signals.

[0055] Currently, consistent automatic gain control is implemented for all communication scenarios. However, in actual AGC adjustments, especially in NTN scenarios, satellite base stations, being farther from the terminal than terrestrial base stations, exhibit minimal changes in reference signal received power (RSRP) and reference signal received quality (RSRQ) even when the terminal is located below the satellite or at the cell edge. Furthermore, due to the characteristics of low-Earth orbit satellites, the terminal will be in a scenario with weak signal and low signal-to-noise ratio for an extended period. Therefore, satellites need to adapt to automatic gain adjustments in various scenarios, with more precise gain changes and faster convergence to facilitate signal detection.

[0056] Automatic gain control (AGC) in 5G NR terminals, due to stringent requirements on received signals, has evolved into an automated gain system. This system combines analog and digital circuits to adjust gain, achieving expanded gain range and greater flexibility. Furthermore, the AGC system incorporates the frequency and time domain characteristics of the 3GPP physical layer reference signal to propose AGC based on different reference signals for various scenarios. This application, based on the 5G NR terminal concept, analyzes the received signal of the terminal in beam-hopping scenarios. It proposes that the terminal does not perform automatic gain adjustment in beam-hopping scenarios and establishes a gain adjustment threshold for these scenarios. This threshold determines whether the AGC module should operate for gain calculation and compensation. Simultaneously, this gain adjustment threshold has a certain degree of reliability to ensure timely automatic gain adjustment even when the terminal moves into a scenario with significant signal attenuation, preventing misjudgment as a beam-hopping scenario.

[0057] For automatic gain control (AGC) schemes in terminal baseband, a challenge lies in the small difference in RSRP values ​​between the terminal's measured signal at the cell boundary and cell center. When beam hopping occurs, the terminal lacks the ability to promptly determine the time period of the beam hopping and the duration of signal fading. Traditional AGC technology cannot handle automatic gain control in beam hopping scenarios. If the gain adjustment time is too short, it leads to excessively frequent adjustments. Furthermore, adjustments made during the beam hopping departure time result in large gain values, and delayed follow-up can lead to gain saturation. Conversely, excessively long adjustment times may fail to respond promptly to actual signal changes, resulting in slow convergence and ineffective gain adjustment.

[0058] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram illustrating the change in the received signal strength from a low-Earth orbit satellite at the terminal. Figure 1As shown, after the terminal receives a satellite signal and completes cell search and access, because the low-orbit satellite is constantly moving, the terminal receives a signal strength that gradually increases and then decreases as the satellite moves from the farthest point to the nadir point and back to the farthest point, all within a completely unchanging channel environment, until the terminal switches to the next on-board base station. During this process, the satellite base station uses beam-hopping technology to cover other beam positions, causing the terminal's received signal to suddenly drop until the beam returns to the original terminal receiving position.

[0059] This application provides a signal gain control method for beam hopping scenarios using low-Earth orbit satellites. In this application, the terminal can determine whether to adjust the gain based on its software threshold when the beam hopping pattern is unknown. Using the RSSI measurement results of the SSB reference signal and neighboring cell signals as the adjustment enable signal allows for a more accurate understanding of the current channel link environment of the terminal, thus providing a more accurate beam hopping threshold. Different gain adjustment thresholds can be implemented simultaneously for both scenarios with and without service data transmission. This application employs different AGC adjustment thresholds in different scenarios to determine whether to initiate the adjustment strategy upon entering the beam hopping state.

[0060] Figure 2 The first signal gain control process provided in this application includes the following steps:

[0061] S101: Obtain the RSSI (Signal Strength Index) of the received signal of at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period;

[0062] S102: When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the at least one signal is amplified according to the first gain value;

[0063] S103: When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, a second gain value is determined based on the target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal, and the at least one signal is amplified based on the second gain value.

[0064] The signal gain control method provided in this application is applied to a user equipment (UE). The UE can be configured to receive signals with a single antenna or multiple antennas. Each antenna configured in the UE is used as a target antenna, and gain is applied to at least one signal received through the target antenna.

[0065] The terminal is pre-configured with various gain adjustment periods. Optionally, these gain adjustment periods can be time-continuous, and their durations can be the same or different. The terminal receives signals transmitted by a satellite base station through a target antenna. The terminal acquires the Received Signal Strength Index (RSSI) of at least one signal received through the target antenna within the current gain adjustment period. Then, it determines the maximum RSSI from the at least one signal's RSSI. That is, it determines the maximum value among the at least one signal's RSSI. The terminal pre-determines a gain adjustment threshold, which can be a preset value. Preferably, within each gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold can be determined based on the minimum value among the RSSIs of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Information Block (SSB) received through the target antenna. This gain adjustment threshold affects the signal gain of the next gain adjustment period.

[0066] Optionally, adjacent gain adjustment periods are gain adjustment period A, gain adjustment period B, and gain adjustment period C, respectively. Within gain adjustment period A, a gain adjustment threshold m is determined based on the minimum RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received through the target antenna. Then, within gain adjustment period B, the RSSI of at least one signal received through the target antenna is acquired; if the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold m, the at least one signal received through the target antenna within gain adjustment period B is amplified according to a pre-saved first gain value.

[0067] Within gain adjustment period B, a gain adjustment threshold n is determined based on the minimum RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Information Block (SSB) received through the target antenna. Then, within gain adjustment period C, the RSSI of at least one signal received through the target antenna is acquired; if the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold n, the at least one signal received through the target antenna within gain adjustment period C is amplified according to a pre-saved first gain value. This process is repeated to amplify the at least one signal received through the target antenna in each gain adjustment period.

[0068] The terminal stores a first gain value in advance. When the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal received through the target antenna during the current gain adjustment period is less than a predetermined gain adjustment threshold, the first gain value is not adjusted, and the at least one signal is boosted according to the stored first gain value.

[0069] In one possible implementation, amplifying the at least one signal according to the first gain value includes:

[0070] The first gain value is sent to an analog gain amplifier, which amplifies the at least one signal; or

[0071] The first gain value is sent to a digital gain amplifier, which amplifies the at least one signal.

[0072] Analog gain amplifiers have a corresponding first gain value range, allowing signal amplification based on any gain value within that range. Digital gain amplifiers have a corresponding second gain value range, allowing signal amplification based on any gain value within that range. If a pre-saved first gain value falls within the first gain value range, an analog gain amplifier can amplify at least one signal based on that value. If a pre-saved first gain value falls within the second gain value range, a digital gain amplifier can amplify at least one signal based on that value.

[0073] If the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal received through the target antenna during the current gain adjustment period is not less than a predetermined gain adjustment threshold, then the first gain value that has been saved in advance is adjusted, and the at least one signal is amplified according to the second gain value obtained after adjustment.

[0074] The process of adjusting the pre-saved first gain value is as follows: obtain a preset target RSSI; determine a second gain value based on the preset target signal strength RSSI and the RSSI of the signal; adjust the pre-saved first gain value to the second gain value; and then amplify at least one signal according to the second gain value.

[0075] The signal gain control scheme provided in this application first obtains the received signal strength index (RSSI) of at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period. The maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal is compared with a gain adjustment threshold. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether to adjust the gain value. If the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the gain value is not adjusted, and at least one signal is amplified according to a first gain value. When the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, the gain value is re-determined to obtain a second gain value; at least one signal is amplified according to the second gain value. Compared with existing signal gain control schemes, this approach reduces the frequency of gain value adjustments, avoiding adverse effects on the safety of analog and digital gain amplifiers. Furthermore, in beam-hopping scenarios where signal strength changes significantly, using the gain adjustment threshold as a constraint on gain value adjustment avoids inaccurate gain due to large adjusted gain values ​​and delayed gain correction. This improves the accuracy of signal gain.

[0076] In one possible implementation, after determining a second gain value based on a preset target RSSI and the RSSI of at least one signal, the first gain value is updated using the second gain value. That is, the second gain value is then used as a pre-saved gain value. It should be noted that in subsequent gain adjustment periods, if the RSSI of at least one signal received through the target antenna during that period is not less than a predetermined gain adjustment threshold, the gain value needs to be determined again based on the preset target RSSI and the RSSI of at least one signal received through the target antenna during that period. The pre-saved gain value is then updated again using this newly determined gain value. The at least one signal received through the target antenna during that period is then amplified based on this newly determined gain value. In subsequent gain adjustment periods, if the RSSI of at least one signal received through the target antenna during that period is less than the predetermined gain adjustment threshold, the at least one signal received through the target antenna during that period is amplified based on the most recently saved gain value.

[0077] In one possible implementation, amplifying the at least one signal according to the second gain value includes: sending the second gain value to an analog gain amplifier, and amplifying the at least one signal through the analog gain amplifier; or

[0078] The second gain value is sent to a digital gain amplifier, which amplifies the at least one signal.

[0079] If the second gain value falls within the range of the first gain value, then at least one signal can be amplified using an analog gain amplifier based on the second gain value. If the second gain value falls within the range of the second gain value, then at least one signal can be amplified using a digital gain amplifier based on the second gain value.

[0080] In one possible implementation, if the communication system is initialized, the pre-saved gain value can be restored to the initially set gain value.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the average value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0083] The second gain value is determined based on the preset target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal, including but not limited to the following two methods:

[0084] Method 1: Determining the second gain value based on the preset target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal includes: determining the difference between the preset target RSSI and the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal as the second gain value.

[0085] Method 2: Determining the second gain value based on the preset target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal includes: determining the average value of the RSSI of the at least one signal, and determining the difference between the preset target RSSI and the average value as the second gain value.

[0086] In this embodiment, the RSSI of at least one signal received through the target antenna during the current gain adjustment period is obtained; if the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal is less than a predetermined gain adjustment threshold, the at least one signal is amplified according to a pre-saved first gain value; if the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal is not less than the predetermined gain adjustment threshold, a second gain value is determined according to a preset target RSSI and the RSSI of at least one signal, and the at least one signal is amplified according to the second gain value.

[0087] In the communication process between a terrestrial base station and a terminal, the terminal is located at the center and edge of the terrestrial base station cell, where the transmission loss differs significantly, typically by tens of dB. Therefore, for communication between a terrestrial base station and a terminal, a gain adjustment threshold can be determined based on the transmission loss at the cell center and edge, and then a decision can be made whether to adjust the gain value based on this threshold. However, the communication process between a terrestrial base station and a terminal differs from that between a satellite base station and a terminal. In the communication process between a satellite base station and a terminal, the terminal is located at the cell center and edge, where the transmission loss difference is smaller. The following section will combine... Figure 3 Please provide a detailed explanation. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the communication scenario of the satellite base station and terminal provided in this application.

[0088] Figure 3 This is based on an orbital altitude of 600 km, with the satellite covering a ground cell with a diameter of 1000 km. Figure 3 The locations of the nadir point and the cell edge are plotted. Communication transmission loss is related to transmission distance and operating frequency; the formula for communication transmission loss is as follows:

[0089] [Lfs](dB)=32.44+20lgd(km)+20lg f(MHz), where Lfs is the transmission loss, d is the transmission distance, and the frequency is calculated in MHz.

[0090] If we calculate the space loss using the C / S band, with an orbital height of 600km and the geocentric point as the terminal position, it is: Lfs 1=32.4+20lg(600)+20lg(3000).

[0091] If the satellite coverage area is a diameter of 1000km across the ground, then the spatial loss at the cell edge, calculated using a Cartesian coordinate system, is as follows:

[0092] The spatial loss difference Lfs delta between the center and edge of the community is:

[0093] Lfs Delta=Lfs1-Lfs2≈2.29dB.

[0094] Therefore, assuming the satellite antenna transmits the same power at different angles, and considering only spatial loss in the channel link, the difference in received signal strength between the satellite terminal at the cell edge and the cell center due to spatial loss is only 2-3 dB. This is completely different from terrestrial base stations, where terminals in the near and far fields will experience a difference of tens of dB in received signal strength. For the distance-induced loss at the cell edge and cell center, assuming other interference environments are identical, Lfs Delta is insufficient as a threshold value to determine changes in AGC. In reality, because the elevation and angles of the array antenna differ, the antenna gain and scanning loss also differ, so the transmitted power from the antenna is different for UEs located at different points on the ground.

[0095] When beam hopping occurs, the terminal receives system noise. However, this system noise cannot be used as the gain adjustment threshold. In urban scenarios, the terminal experiences multipath interference and even co-channel interference from neighboring cells, resulting in a minimum received signal strength greater than the noise floor. Another scenario is when the terminal is completely blocked, leading to very poor actual received signal strength. In such cases, a fixed threshold might cause the terminal to miss adjustment opportunities in truly weak signal environments. Furthermore, if the terminal doesn't use a gain adjustment threshold to determine if it's in beam hopping mode, it has to perform frequent automatic gain adjustments, which can easily lead to gain saturation under low signal conditions. Therefore, adjustments for signals with a small carrier ratio require particularly precise timing and threshold values.

[0096] In one possible implementation, based on the above considerations, this application provides a scheme for pre-determining a gain adjustment threshold value. The gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Information Block (SSB) during the previous gain adjustment period. The process of pre-determining the gain adjustment threshold value includes: obtaining the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the SSB received through the target antenna during the previous gain adjustment period; and determining the minimum RSSI of the at least one neighboring cell signal as the gain adjustment threshold value.

[0097] For two adjacent gain adjustment periods, this application determines a gain adjustment threshold based on the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Information Block (SSB) received through the target antenna in the previous period of the two adjacent gain adjustment periods. This gain adjustment threshold applies to the gain of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Information Block (SSB) received through the target antenna in the next period of the two adjacent gain adjustment periods.

[0098] When determining the gain adjustment threshold based on the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Block SSB received through the target antenna in the previous gain adjustment cycle between two adjacent gain adjustment cycles, the terminal acquires the RSSI of at least one signal of the Synchronization Block SSB received through the target antenna in the previous gain adjustment cycle. Then, it determines the minimum RSSI from the at least one signal of the Synchronization Block SSB. That is, it determines the minimum value among the RSSIs of at least one signal of the Synchronization Block SSB. This minimum value is then determined as the gain adjustment threshold.

[0099] In one possible implementation, to improve the accuracy of determining the gain adjustment threshold, this application distinguishes between two scenarios to determine the gain adjustment threshold separately. Scenario 1: No service data transmission occurred in the previous gain adjustment cycle, which can be considered an idle state scenario. Scenario 2: Service data transmission occurred in the previous gain adjustment cycle, which can be considered a connected state scenario.

[0100] In one scenario, when there is no service data transmission during the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighbor cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received during at least one measurement timing configuration SMTC period in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0101] Obtaining the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Information Block (SSB) received through the target antenna during the previous gain adjustment period includes:

[0102] If no service data transmission is detected during the previous gain adjustment period, the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Information Block (SSB) received through the target antenna during at least one measurement timing configuration (SMTC) period in the previous gain adjustment period is obtained. The minimum value among the RSSIs of the at least one neighboring cell signal is determined as the gain adjustment threshold.

[0103] Figure 4 The second signal gain control process provided in this application includes the following steps:

[0104] S201: Detect that there is no service data transmission in the previous gain adjustment period, obtain the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received by the target antenna in at least one measurement timing configuration SMTC period in the previous gain adjustment period; determine the minimum value of the RSSI of the at least one neighboring cell signal as the gain adjustment threshold value.

[0105] S202: Obtain the RSSI of at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period;

[0106] S203: When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the at least one signal is amplified according to the first gain value;

[0107] S204: When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, a second gain value is determined based on the target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal, and the at least one signal is amplified based on the second gain value.

[0108] In scenario two, when there is service data transmission in the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received based on the downlink reference signal CSI-RS channel in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0109] Obtaining the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Information Block (SSB) received through the target antenna during the previous gain adjustment period includes:

[0110] If service data transmission is detected during the previous gain adjustment period, the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the Synchronization Information Block (SSB) received through the target antenna based on the Downlink Reference Signal-RS channel during the previous gain adjustment period is obtained. The minimum value among the RSSIs of the at least one neighboring cell signal is determined as the gain adjustment threshold.

[0111] Figure 5 The third signal gain control process provided in this application includes the following steps:

[0112] S301: Detect that there is service data transmission in the previous gain adjustment period, obtain the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received by the target antenna based on the downlink reference signal CSI-RS channel in the previous gain adjustment period; determine the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal as the gain adjustment threshold value;

[0113] S302: Obtain the RSSI of at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period;

[0114] S303: When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the at least one signal is amplified according to the first gain value;

[0115] S304: When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, a second gain value is determined based on the target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal, and the at least one signal is amplified based on the second gain value.

[0116] In the signal gain control process provided in this application embodiment, under beam skipping, when the maximum value of the RSSI of at least one signal received through the target antenna within the current gain adjustment period is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the terminal performs gain on at least one signal according to the pre-saved first gain value, without adjusting the gain value.

[0117] After the satellite base station and terminal complete access, in an idle state and under beam-hopping conditions, the minimum RSSI of the neighboring cell signal measured by the SSB is used as the gain adjustment threshold. This is because the RSSI measurement of the neighboring cell signal by the SSB is consistent with the current channel environment of the terminal. In subsequent SMTC cycles, the gain adjustment threshold determined in the latest gain adjustment cycle is used to replace the previous gain adjustment threshold. The beneficial effect of determining the gain adjustment threshold in this embodiment is that, as long as the terminal's channel environment does not change drastically, the RSSI of the neighboring cell signal can represent the minimum dynamic range that the AGC can currently cover, thereby ensuring the accuracy of signal gain control.

[0118] In scenarios where the satellite base station and the terminal are in a connected state, the terminal measures the neighboring cell signal based on the SSB resources configured in the Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) and uses the minimum value of the neighboring cell signal's RSSI as the gain adjustment threshold.

[0119] In traditional automatic gain control (AGC) processes, there is no physical layer scheduling involved in the communication protocol. The AGC embodiments of this application require the collection of physical layer reference signals and the participation of the physical layer in AGC. The physical layer participates in the automatic gain monitoring of the signal in each transmission time slot, reporting the current channel quality to the AGC system in real time, which serves as the gain control threshold for terminal gain adjustment, especially during beam hopping.

[0120] When the terminal is in an idle state, a generous initial gain adjustment threshold is first set according to the link algorithm.

[0121] When the physical layer obtains the RSSI measurement value of the neighboring cell signal of the SSB, it compares the RSSI values ​​of different signals and takes the minimum value.

[0122] The physical layer transmits the latest obtained minimum RSSI value to the automatic gain module, which records the minimum RSSI value as the gain adjustment threshold value for the idle state.

[0123] The automatic gain control (AGC) system obtains the RSSI value within each OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbol in each time slot. In each AGC cycle, it compares the maximum RSSI value with a gain adjustment threshold. If the maximum RSSI value is not less than the threshold, a second gain value is calculated and applied to the analog or digital gain amplifier. AGC adjustment primarily modulates two modules: an analog gain amplifier in the analog RF module to ensure sufficient output signal strength for the ADC, and a digital gain amplifier in the baseband digital filtering module to ensure appropriate signal strength for subsequent processing. The digital and analog gain tables are determined by the gain table designed for the RF system. To prevent ADC signal saturation, the analog gain amplifier requires specific algorithmic processing to address signal congestion.

[0124] It should be noted that in a multi-antenna system, the receiver receives signals from multiple antennas. For each antenna receiving a signal, each antenna calculates its own RSSI value. When the gain value is recalculated, an independent second gain value is calculated for each antenna and compensated for on its respective antenna path.

[0125] The signal gain control scheme provided in this application does not require automatic gain adjustment in beam-hopping scenarios due to temporary signal weakening. In idle state, the minimum RSSI value of neighboring cell beams measured by the SSB is used as the gain adjustment threshold to determine whether to enter beam-hopping mode. In connected state, the minimum RSSI value of neighboring cell beams measured by the CSI-RS signal SSB is used as the gain adjustment threshold to determine whether to perform automatic gain adjustment. Traditional schemes lack effective automatic gain adjustment solutions for beam-hopping scenarios; this application implements gain adjustment threshold adjustment through software. Using the minimum RSSI value in the same channel environment as the gain adjustment threshold ensures high reliability; it avoids frequent automatic gain adjustments in beam-hopping scenarios and prevents oversaturation.

[0126] Figure 6 The signal gain control flowchart provided in this application for a terminal in an idle state includes the following steps:

[0127] S401: Set the initial gain adjustment threshold value in idle state;

[0128] S402: The physical layer acquires the RSSI of at least one neighbor cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received by the target antenna in at least one measurement timing configuration SMTC cycle during the previous gain adjustment cycle.

[0129] S403: Output the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal to the automatic gain module;

[0130] S404: The automatic gain module records this minimum value and updates it to the gain adjustment threshold value in the idle state;

[0131] S405: The automatic gain module obtains the maximum RSSI value within each OFDM symbol of each time slot;

[0132] S406: If the maximum value is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the signal is amplified according to the pre-saved first gain value. If the maximum value is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, the second gain value is recalculated and the signal is amplified according to the second gain value.

[0133] Figure 7 The signal gain control flowchart provided in this application for a terminal in a connected state includes the following steps:

[0134] S501: Set the initial gain adjustment threshold for connection status;

[0135] S502: The physical layer obtains the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received by the target antenna based on the downlink reference signal CSI-RS channel during the previous gain adjustment period.

[0136] S503: Output the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal to the automatic gain module;

[0137] S504: The automatic gain module records this minimum value and updates it to the gain adjustment threshold value for the connected state;

[0138] S505: The automatic gain module obtains the maximum RSSI value within each OFDM symbol of each time slot;

[0139] S506: If the maximum value is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the signal is amplified according to the pre-saved first gain value. If the maximum value is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, the second gain value is recalculated and the signal is amplified according to the second gain value.

[0140] Based on the same technical concept, this application provides a signal gain control device, which may include a unit or module for performing the signal gain control method described above. See also... Figure 8 , Figure 8 This application provides a schematic diagram of a signal gain control device. When the signal gain control device performs the signal gain control method described above, the device includes:

[0141] The acquisition module 11 is used to acquire the received signal strength index (RSSI) of at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period;

[0142] The gain module 12 is used to amplify the at least one signal according to a first gain value when the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold.

[0143] The gain module 12 is further configured to determine a second gain value based on the target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal when the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold value, and to amplify the at least one signal based on the second gain value.

[0144] In one possible implementation, the device further includes:

[0145] The update module 13 is used to update the first gain value using the second gain value.

[0146] In one possible implementation, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0147] In one possible implementation, when there is no service data transmission during the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighbor cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received during at least one measurement timing configuration SMTC period in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0148] In one possible implementation, when there is service data transmission during the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value among the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received based on the downlink reference signal CSI-RS channel during the previous gain adjustment period.

[0149] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0150] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the average value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0151] In one possible implementation, the gain module 12 is specifically used to send the first gain value to an analog gain amplifier for amplification of the at least one signal; or to send the first gain value to a digital gain amplifier for amplification of the at least one signal.

[0152] Based on the same technical concept, and building upon the above embodiments, this application also provides a terminal. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 , Figure 9 This application provides a schematic diagram of a terminal structure. The communication device includes: a processor 21, a communication interface 22, a memory 23, and a communication bus 24. The processor 21, the communication interface 22, and the memory 23 communicate with each other through the communication bus 24.

[0153] The memory 23 stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor 21, causes the processor 21 to perform the following steps:

[0154] Obtain the RSSI (Signal Strength Index) of the received signal for at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period;

[0155] When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the at least one signal is amplified according to the first gain value;

[0156] When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, a second gain value is determined based on the target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal, and the at least one signal is amplified based on the second gain value.

[0157] In one possible implementation, the processor 21 is further configured to:

[0158] The first gain value is updated using the second gain value.

[0159] In one possible implementation, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0160] In one possible implementation, when there is no service data transmission during the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighbor cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received during at least one measurement timing configuration SMTC period in the previous gain adjustment period.

[0161] In one possible implementation, when there is service data transmission during the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value among the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received based on the downlink reference signal CSI-RS channel during the previous gain adjustment period.

[0162] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0163] In one possible implementation, the second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the average value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

[0164] In one possible implementation, the processor 21 is specifically used for:

[0165] The first gain value is sent to an analog gain amplifier, which amplifies the at least one signal; or

[0166] The first gain value is sent to a digital gain amplifier, which amplifies the at least one signal.

[0167] The communication bus mentioned above can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used to represent it in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0168] Communication interface 22 is used for communication between the aforementioned terminal and other devices.

[0169] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0170] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, including central processing units, network processors (NPs), etc.; they can also be digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits, field-programmable gate arrays or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.

[0171] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer program code, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the methods described above. Since the principle by which the computer-readable storage medium solves the problem is similar to that of the methods described above, the implementation of the computer-readable storage medium can be found in the implementation of the methods, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0172] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by the processor in an electronic device, including but not limited to magnetic storage such as floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, magneto-optical disks (MO), optical storage such as CDs, DVDs, BDs, HVDs, etc., and semiconductor storage such as ROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, non-volatile memory (NAND flash), solid-state drives (SSDs), etc.

[0173] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the methods described above. Since the principle by which the above computer program product solves the problem is similar to that of the above method, the implementation of the above computer program product can be referred to the implementation of the method, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0175] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0176] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0177] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0178] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A signal gain control method, characterized in that, Applied to a terminal, the method includes: Obtain the RSSI (Signal Strength Index) of the received signal for at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period; When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold, the at least one signal is amplified according to the first gain value; When the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold, a second gain value is determined based on the target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal, and the at least one signal is amplified based on the second gain value.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the second gain value, the method further includes: The first gain value is updated using the second gain value.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighboring cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB in the previous gain adjustment period.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When there is no service data transmission in the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of the RSSI of at least one neighbor cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received in at least one measurement timing configuration SMTC period in the previous gain adjustment period.

5. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When there is service data transmission in the previous gain adjustment period, the gain adjustment threshold value is the minimum value of RSSI of at least one neighbor cell signal of the synchronization information block SSB received based on the downlink reference signal CSI-RS channel in the previous gain adjustment period.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second gain value is the difference between the target RSSI and the average value of the RSSI of the at least one signal.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The amplification process of the at least one signal based on the first gain value includes: The first gain value is sent to an analog gain amplifier, which amplifies the at least one signal; or The first gain value is sent to a digital gain amplifier, which amplifies the at least one signal.

9. A signal gain control device, characterized in that, Applied to a terminal, the device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the RSSI (Signal Strength Index) of the received signal of at least one signal within the current gain adjustment period. A gain module is used to amplify the at least one signal according to a first gain value when the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is less than the gain adjustment threshold. The gain module is further configured to determine a second gain value based on the target RSSI and the RSSI of the at least one signal when the maximum value of the RSSI of the at least one signal is not less than the gain adjustment threshold value, and to amplify the at least one signal based on the second gain value.

10. A terminal, characterized in that, The terminal includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores program code that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a communication device, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

12. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is invoked by a computer, it causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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