Photovoltaic cell and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module. The surface of the photovoltaic cell is provided with a plurality of grid lines arranged at intervals, and the grid lines are provided with solder pads. The solder pad comprises a body, the body is provided with a hollow area, the hollow area is provided with a connecting part, the solder pad further comprises a supporting part arranged on one side of the connecting part, and the connecting part is electrically connected with the grid line. The connecting part is used for connecting with a first conductive wire, and the supporting part is used for positioning the first conductive wire. Through the above design, the offset of the first conductive wire during soldering with the solder pad can be avoided, and the offset during lamination can also be avoided. In addition, the body of the solder pad is provided with a hollow area, so that the area of the solid part of the body is reduced. When the body of the solder pad is prepared, the coating area of the metal paste can be reduced, and the metallization cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solar cell technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] In existing back-contact batteries, the lack of physical restraints when welding fine welding wires to grid lines makes it easy for lateral slippage to occur during welding or lamination, resulting in misalignment or even short circuits. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a photovoltaic cell that can prevent solder strip misalignment during welding or lamination. A photovoltaic module is also proposed.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a photovoltaic cell, wherein the surface of the photovoltaic cell is provided with a plurality of grid lines arranged at intervals, and the grid lines are provided with pads, wherein the pads include a body, the body is provided with a hollow area, the hollow area is provided with a connecting portion, the pads also include a support portion provided on one side of the connecting portion, the connecting portion is electrically connected to the grid lines, and the support portion is used to position the conductive lines on the connecting portion.

[0005] In some embodiments, the support portion is located within the hollow area, the support portion is annular and surrounds the connecting portion, and the support portion has grooves on both sides of the connecting portion; or, the support portion includes two support sub-parts located on both sides of the connecting portion.

[0006] In some embodiments, the support is located on the surface of the body or on one side of the body.

[0007] In some embodiments, the surface of the photovoltaic cell is provided with a passivation layer, and the connection portion is at least partially in contact with the passivation layer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the material of the connecting portion is solder paste or conductive adhesive; and / or, the material of the supporting portion is insulating adhesive or photocurable adhesive.

[0009] In some embodiments, the area ratio of the hollowed-out area to the body is 30%-40%.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cutout area includes a plurality of arrayed grooves, or the cutout area is in the form of a grid.

[0011] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cell is a back-contact cell.

[0012] In a second aspect, this application provides a photovoltaic module, including a photovoltaic cell as described in any of the above claims; and a first conductive line, wherein the first conductive line is arranged to cross the grid lines, and wherein the first conductive line is electrically connected to the connecting portion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the support portion is annular, surrounding the connecting portion, and the support portion has grooves on both sides of the connecting portion; the first conductive line is located in the groove; or, the support portion includes two support sub-parts located on both sides of the connecting portion, and the first conductive line is located between the two support sub-parts.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first conductive line and the connecting portion is less than the thickness of the supporting portion.

[0015] In some embodiments, a second conductive line is also included, which intersects with the first conductive line and is electrically connected to the first conductive line through the connecting portion. An insulating layer is provided between the second conductive line and the photovoltaic cell.

[0016] In some embodiments, in the extension direction of the first conductive wire, both sides of the second conductive wire abut against at least one support portion.

[0017] In this application, the connecting part is used to connect with the first conductive line, and the supporting part is used to position the first conductive line. This design avoids misalignment of the first conductive line during soldering to the pad, and also prevents misalignment during lamination. Furthermore, the pad body has a cutout area, thereby reducing the area of ​​the solid body. When manufacturing the pad body, this reduces the area of ​​metal paste coating and lowers metallization costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic cell according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the body of the pads on a photovoltaic cell according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection portion and support portion of a photovoltaic cell according to an embodiment of the application.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 6This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pad according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pads according to another embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell according to another embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 10 and Figure 11 These are top views of the first and second embodiments of the support portion, respectively.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 1. Photovoltaic module; 100. Photovoltaic cell; 101. Silicon substrate; 102. Doped crystalline silicon layer; 103. Passivation layer; 10. Grid line; 110. First fine grid; 120. Second fine grid; 20. Pad; 210. Body; 211. Hollow area; 220. Connecting part; 230. Support part; 231. Groove; 232. Support sub-part; 30. Insulating layer; 40. First conductive line; 410. First wire; 420. Second wire; 50. Second conductive line; X, First direction; Y, Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0033] It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as "on," "adjacent to," "connected to," or "coupled to" other elements or layers, it may be directly on, adjacent to, connected to, or coupled to other elements or layers, or there may be intervening elements or layers. Conversely, when an element is referred to as "directly on," "directly adjacent to," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" other elements or layers, there are no intervening elements or layers. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various elements, parts, regions, layers, doping types, and / or portions, these elements, parts, regions, layers, doping types, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, part, region, layer, doping type, or portion from another element, part, region, layer, doping type, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first element, part, region, layer, doping type, or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, part, region, layer, or portion.

[0034] Spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “under,” “above,” “above,” etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element or feature described as “below,” “under,” or “below” will be oriented “above” the other element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary terms “below” and “under” can include both above and below orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0035] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising / including” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Meanwhile, in this specification, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0036] refer to Figures 1 to 7An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic cell 100. The surface of the photovoltaic cell 100 is provided with a plurality of grid lines 10 arranged at intervals. The grid lines 10 are provided with pads 20, wherein the pads 20 include a body 210, the body 210 is provided with a hollow area 211, the hollow area 211 is provided with a connecting portion 220, and the pads 20 also include a support portion 230 provided on one side of the connecting portion 220. The connecting portion 220 is electrically connected to the grid lines 10.

[0037] This embodiment of the application does not limit the structure of the photovoltaic cell 100. The types of photovoltaic cells 100 include, but are not limited to, those with passivated emitter rear cell (PERC), tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon), intrinsic thin-film heterojunction (HJT), interdigitated back contact (IBC), perovskite cells, etc.

[0038] For example, the photovoltaic cell 100 in this application is a back-contact cell. In the back-contact cell, all the grid lines 10 are disposed on the back side of the photovoltaic cell 100. The back side of the photovoltaic cell 100 is the side facing away from the sun when the photovoltaic cell 100 is in operation. Specifically, the grid lines 10 include alternating first grids 110 and second grids 120. The first grids 110 and second grids 120 are separated by an insulating layer 30. The first grids 110 and second grids 120 are used as positive and negative grid lines, respectively. Each of the first grids 110 and second grids 120 extends along a first direction X and is alternately arranged in a second direction Y. Each grid line 10 is provided with a pad 20. The pad 20 is used for electrical connection with a first conductive line 40. (Reference) Figure 12 multiple Figure 1 The photovoltaic cell 100 shown can be used to form a photovoltaic module 1. The photovoltaic cell 100 can be connected in series in the second direction Y by the first conductive line 40 to form a cell string, and the cell strings are interconnected in the first direction X by the second conductive line 50.

[0039] In this application, the photovoltaic cell 100 is a back-contact cell, specifically a gridless cell; the pad 20 is directly electrically connected to the first conductive line 40. Furthermore, when the photovoltaic cell 100 is a back-contact cell, it may also have fewer grid cells, meaning that only a portion of the fine grids are connected to the first conductive line 40 via a grid.

[0040] refer to Figures 2 to 6In the embodiments of this application, the body 210 of the pad 20 is provided with a hollow area 211. The hollow area 211 is a through hole penetrating the body 210, and the specific shape of the hollow area 211 is not limited. A connecting part 220 is provided in the hollow area 211. With this design, the connecting part 220 passes through the hollow area 211 and is electrically connected to the grid line 10. At the same time, the connecting part 220 located outside the grid line 10 in the hollow area 211 can also be fixed to the surface of the photovoltaic cell 100, so that the connecting part 220 is not easy to fall off the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0041] The support portion 230 is specifically disposed on one side of the connecting portion 220. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the support portion 230 can be positioned on one side of the connecting portion 220 in the first direction X. Furthermore, when the support portion 230 is positioned on one side of the connecting portion 220 in the first direction X, support portions 230 can be provided on both sides of the connecting portion 220 in the first direction X. (See reference) Figure 3 The support portion 230 may also be configured to be located on one side of the connecting portion 220 in the second direction Y.

[0042] In this application, the size of the pads 20 at different locations can be different. For example, in the second direction Y, the pads 20 near the edge region that are used for interconnection with adjacent solar cells in the second direction Y are larger in size, so that two adjacent photovoltaic cells 100 can be interconnected by the first conductive line 40 in the second direction Y.

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The connecting portion 220 is used to connect with the first conductive line 40, and the supporting portion 230 is used to position the first conductive line 40. This design avoids misalignment between the first conductive line 40 and the pad 20 during soldering, and also prevents misalignment during lamination. Furthermore, the body 210 of the pad 20 has a cutout area 211, thereby reducing the area of ​​the solid portion of the body 210. When the body 210 of the pad 20 is prepared using metal paste printing, the area of ​​metal paste coating can be reduced, lowering the metallization cost.

[0044] In some embodiments, the support portion 230 is located on the surface of the body 210 or on one side of the body 210.

[0045] Assuming the support portion 230 is located beside the connecting portion 220, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the support portion 230 may be located on the surface of the body 210. For example, the connecting portion 220 is located in the central region of the body 210, and the support portion 230 is attached to the edge region of the surface of the body 210.

[0046] For example, refer to Figure 4 When the support portion 230 is located on the surface of the body 210, the support portion 230 may be entirely located on the surface of the body 210. (See reference) Figure 5 When the support portion 230 is located on the surface of the body 210, the support portion 230 may be partially located on the surface of the body 210 and partially located on one side of the body 210. In this case, part of the support portion 230 is fixed to the body 210, and the remaining part is directly fixed to the surface of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0047] Assuming the support portion 230 is located beside the connecting portion 220, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the support portion 230 of the top row of pads 20 is not set on the body 210, but is set on one side of the body 210. At this time, the support portion 230 is directly attached and fixed to the surface of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0048] In this application, the support portion 230 is not located within the hollow area 211. This ensures the area of ​​the connecting portion 220 while preventing the hollow area 211 from becoming too large, thus reducing the area of ​​the main body 210. Furthermore, the support portion 230 can be flexibly and diversely positioned while ensuring the positioning of the first conductive wire 40, thereby providing more design options.

[0049] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 7 The surface of the photovoltaic cell 100 is provided with a passivation layer 103, and at least part of the connecting portion 220 is in contact with the passivation layer 103.

[0050] Specifically, the photovoltaic cell 100 includes a silicon substrate 101, a doped crystalline silicon layer 102, and a passivation layer 103 along its thickness direction. The passivation layer 103 is, for example, a silicon oxide / silicon nitride / alumina film, or a multilayer film made of the above materials. The passivation layer 103 can effectively repel minority carriers and further reduce the surface recombination rate. In this application, after the connection portion 220 passes through the hollow area 211, in addition to being electrically connected to the grid line 10, the connection portion 220 is also directly connected and fixed to the passivation layer 103, thereby firmly fixing it to the photovoltaic cell 100 and forming a part of the photovoltaic cell 100 that is not easy to fall off. This ensures the electrical connection between the connection portion 220 and the grid line 10 and prevents the grid line detachment phenomenon.

[0051] In some embodiments, the material of the connecting portion 220 is solder paste or conductive adhesive; and / or, the support portion 230 is insulating adhesive or photocurable adhesive. Both solder paste and conductive adhesive are conductive and can adhere to the passivation layer 103, thereby allowing direct fixation to the silicon substrate 101 of the photovoltaic cell 100. After curing, the support portion 230 can be firmly fixed to the body 210 of the pad 20 or to the silicon substrate 101 of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0052] The pad 20 in this application can be prepared, for example, by printing the body 210 of the pad 20 using a screen printing process. When designing the screen printing stencil, the mesh openings are sealed at the positions corresponding to the cutout areas 211. During the printing of the body 210, no paste leaks through the sealed areas. Thus, a pad 20 with cutout areas 211 is formed on the back side of the photovoltaic cell 100. The paste material can be, for example, silver or copper. Then, conductive adhesive is applied to the cutout areas 211 to form a connection portion 220, and insulating adhesive is applied to one side of the connection portion 220 to form a support portion 230.

[0053] In some embodiments, the area ratio of the cutout area 211 to the body 210 is 30%-40%. The area of ​​the body 210 refers to the area of ​​the pattern enclosed by the outer contour of the body 210. The area ratio of the cutout area 211 to the body 210 is, for example, 30%, 32%, 35%, 38%, or 40%. For example, if the area ratio of the cutout area 211 to the body 210 is 30%, it is easy to understand that in this case, the area of ​​the solid portion of the body 210 accounts for 70% of the area of ​​the body 210.

[0054] When the area ratio of the hollow area 211 to the body 210 is in the range of 30%-40%, on the one hand, the area of ​​the connecting part 220 can be guaranteed, ensuring the reliability of the bonding between the connecting part 220 and the passivation layer 103; on the other hand, when preparing the body 210 of the pad 20, the area of ​​metal paste coating can be reduced, thereby reducing the metallization cost.

[0055] In some embodiments, the cutout area 211 includes a plurality of arrayed recesses, or the cutout area 211 is in the form of a grid. For example, the cutout area 211 is formed by a matrix array of recesses, the recesses being, for example, rectangular. Another example is that the cutout area 211 is in the form of a circular grid.

[0056] Taking the hollow area 211 as an example formed by the matrix of recessed holes, when the coating material forms the connecting part 220, each recessed hole has a connecting part 220. The connecting part 220 can form multiple fixed positions that are connected to the passivation layer 103, forming a multi-point connection. The connection is firm and reliable, and the anti-detachment effect is good.

[0057] refer to Figures 8 to 11 In other embodiments, the support portion 230 may also be located within the hollowed-out area 211. For example... Figure 8 He Ru Figure 9 As shown, the support portion 230 and the connecting portion 220 are both located within the hollow area 211, and both the support portion 230 and the connecting portion 220 are connected to the passivation layer 103, thereby being firmly mounted on the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0058] When both the support portion 230 and the connecting portion 220 are located within the hollowed-out area 211, there can be different implementation methods, which will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] refer to Figure 8 , Figure 10 In one embodiment, the support portion 230 is located within the hollow area 211. The support portion 230 is annular, surrounding the connecting portion 220, and has grooves 231 on both sides of the connecting portion 220. Thus, when the connecting portion 220 is welded to the first conductive wire 40, the first conductive wire 40 can be confined within the grooves 231. (Reference) Figure 8 , Figure 11 In another embodiment, the support portion 230 is located within the hollow area 211, and the support portion 230 includes two support sub-portions 232 located on both sides of the connecting portion 220. Thus, when the connecting portion 220 is welded to the first conductive wire 40, the first conductive wire 40 is confined between the two support sub-portions 232.

[0060] It is easy to understand that the width of the groove 231 is adapted to the width of the first conductive line 40. The width between the two support sub-parts 232 should be adapted to the distance between the first conductive lines 40.

[0061] In this application, both the support portion 230 and the connecting portion 220 are located within the hollow area 211, and the first conductive line 40 is limited by the support portion 230, thereby preventing the first conductive line 40 from shifting during the welding process with the connecting portion 220, and also preventing the first conductive line 40 from shifting during the lamination process of photovoltaic cells into photovoltaic modules.

[0062] refer to Figure 12 According to a second aspect of this application, a photovoltaic module 1 is provided. The photovoltaic module 1 includes a photovoltaic cell 100 of any of the foregoing embodiments and a first conductive line 40. The first conductive line 40 is arranged to cross the grid line 10, wherein the first conductive line 40 is electrically connected to the connecting portion 220.

[0063] The gate line 10 extends along the first direction X, and the first conductive line 40 extends along the second direction Y.

[0064] In this application, the connecting portion 220 of the pad 20 is used to connect with the first conductive line 40, and the supporting portion 230 is used to position the first conductive line 40. This design avoids misalignment between the first conductive line 40 and the pad 20 during the soldering process, and also prevents misalignment during the lamination process. Furthermore, the body 210 of the pad 20 has a cutout area 211, thereby reducing the area of ​​the solid portion of the body 210. When fabricating the body 210 of the pad 20, the area of ​​metal paste coating can be reduced, lowering the metallization cost.

[0065] The first conductive line 40 specifically includes a first wire 410 and a second wire 420. The first wire 410 is connected to the first fine grid 110 via a pad 20, and the second wire 420 is connected to the second fine grid 120 via a pad 20. In this way, multiple photovoltaic cells 100 can form a cell string in the second direction Y. For example, two rows of photovoltaic cells 100 are provided in the first direction X, and each row of photovoltaic cells 100 includes multiple photovoltaic cells 100 in the second direction Y (only one is shown in the figure in the second direction Y). In each row of photovoltaic cells 100, two adjacent photovoltaic cells 100 form a series structure in the second direction Y via the first wire 410 or the second wire 420.

[0066] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 8 , Figure 10 In one embodiment, the support portion 230 is located within the hollow area 211. The support portion 230 is annular, surrounding the connecting portion 220, and grooves 231 are respectively provided on both sides of the connecting portion 220 on the support portion 230. The first conductive wire 40 is confined within the grooves 231. (Reference) Figure 8 , Figure 11 In another embodiment, the support portion 230 is located within the hollow area 211, and the support portion 230 includes two support sub-parts 232 located on both sides of the connecting portion 220. When the connecting portion 220 is welded to the first conductive wire 40, the first conductive wire 40 is confined between the two support sub-parts 232.

[0067] In this application, the first conductive wire 40 is confined inside the support portion 230, thereby preventing the first conductive wire 40 from shifting during the welding process with the connecting portion 220, and also preventing shifting during the lamination process.

[0068] Furthermore, the combined thickness of the first conductive wire 40 and the connecting portion 220 is less than the thickness of the support portion 230. Taking the support portion 230 as an example, the thickness of the support portion 230 refers to its dimension in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0069] With this configuration, after the first conductive wire 40 is soldered to the connecting portion 220, the surface of the first conductive wire 40 does not extend beyond the surface of the supporting portion 230, thus making the surface of the pad 20 relatively flat. This ensures a smooth connection between the pad 20 and the first conductive wire 40, preventing microcracks in the battery cell caused by unevenness during lamination.

[0070] For example, taking the support portion 230 with grooves 231 on both sides of the connecting portion 220 as an example, the thickness of the first conductive wire 40 and the connecting portion 220 is 0.1-0.4 mm; the thickness of the support portion 230 is 0.2-5 mm; and the depth of the grooves 231 is 0.1-0.35 mm. Thus, when the first conductive wire 40 is embedded in the groove 231 and connected to the connecting portion 220, the surface of the first conductive wire 40 does not extend beyond the surface of the support portion 230. The thickness of the first conductive wire 40 and the connecting portion 220 is, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, or 0.4 mm; the thickness of the support portion 230 is 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, or 0.5 mm; and the depth of the grooves 231 is 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, or 0.35 mm. The depth of the groove 231 is the depth of the groove 231 in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the photovoltaic cell 100, specifically the depth of the groove 231 in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0071] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 12 The photovoltaic module 1 also includes a second conductive wire 50. The second conductive wire 50 intersects with the first conductive wire 40, and the second conductive wire 50 and the first conductive wire 40 are electrically connected through a connecting part 220. An insulating layer 30 is provided between the second conductive wire 50 and the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0072] Specifically, the second conductive wire 50 is electrically connected to the first wire 410 of the first conductive wire 40. The second conductive wire 50 is isolated from the photovoltaic cell 100 by the insulating layer 30. The insulating layer 30 not only provides insulation between the second conductive wire 50 and the second wire 420, but also supports the second conductive wire.

[0073] In this application, a multi-cell string structure interconnected with multiple cell strings can be formed in the first direction X via the second conductive line 50. The second conductive line 50 and the first conductive line 40 are electrically connected via a connecting portion 220, wherein the connecting portion 220 is provided in the hollow area 211 on the body 210 of the pad 20, reducing the area of ​​the solid part of the body 210. When manufacturing the body 210 of the pad 20, the area of ​​metal paste coating can be reduced, thereby reducing the metallization cost. Furthermore, the connecting portion 220, passing through the hollow area 211, can be firmly fixed to the surface of the photovoltaic cell 100, making it less likely to fall off, thus ensuring the reliability of the connection with the second conductive line 50.

[0074] In some embodiments, in the extension direction of the first conductive line 40, the two sides of the second conductive line 50 abut against at least one support portion 230.

[0075] Specifically, in the second direction Y, the second conductive line 50 is located at the edge region of the surface of the photovoltaic cell 100, and the second conductive line 50 is simultaneously connected to the pads 20 of the two first fine grids 110. Each pad 20 includes a connecting portion 220 and a support portion 230 located on one side of the connecting portion 220 in the second direction Y. In the second direction Y, the second conductive line 50 is precisely positioned between the support portions 230 of the two first fine grids 110. When the second conductive line 50 is located in the edge region of the photovoltaic cell 100, there is a gap between the second conductive line 50 and the side of the photovoltaic cell 100 in the second direction Y, such as a gap of 1-3 mm. This gap is used to set the support portion 230 of the pad 20. Specifically, the gap can be 1 mm, 2 mm, or 3 mm.

[0076] The above design can prevent the second conductive line 50 from shifting during the soldering process with the pad 20, and can also prevent shifting during the lamination process.

[0077] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0078] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cell, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cell has multiple grid lines arranged at intervals on its surface. Each grid line has a pad, which includes a body with a cutout area and a connecting portion within the cutout area. The pad also includes a support portion located on one side of the connecting portion. The connecting portion is electrically connected to the grid lines, and the support portion is used to position the conductive lines on the connecting portion. The connecting portion is made of solder paste or conductive adhesive, and the support portion is made of insulating adhesive or UV-curable adhesive. The support portion is located within the cutout area, is annular, surrounds the connecting portion, and has grooves on both sides of the connecting portion, with the conductive lines located in the grooves. Alternatively, the support portion includes two support sub-parts located on both sides of the connecting portion, with the conductive lines located between the two support sub-parts.

2. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the photovoltaic cell is provided with a passivation layer, and the connection portion is at least partially in contact with the passivation layer.

3. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area ratio of the hollowed-out area to the body is 30%-40%.

4. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow area includes multiple arrayed grooves, or the hollow area is in the form of a grid.

5. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cell is a back-contact cell.

6. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: The photovoltaic cell as described in any one of claims 1-5; and A first conductive line is provided, which intersects with the gate line, and wherein the first conductive line is electrically connected to the connecting portion.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support portion is annular and surrounds the connecting portion, and the support portion has grooves on both sides of the connecting portion; the first conductive line is located in the groove; or, the support portion includes two support sub-parts located on both sides of the connecting portion, and the first conductive line is located between the two support sub-parts.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thickness of the first conductive wire and the connecting portion is less than the thickness of the supporting portion.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a second conductive wire, which intersects with the first conductive wire, and the second conductive wire and the first conductive wire are electrically connected through the connecting part. An insulating layer is provided between the second conductive wire and the photovoltaic cell.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the extension direction of the first conductive wire, the two sides of the second conductive wire abut against at least one support portion.

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