High-precision tool setting mechanism with built-in high-power drive

Abstract

The application relates to a high-power built-in driving high-precision tool display mechanism, which comprises a rotating frame, a tool head slidingly arranged on the rotating frame and a driving assembly for driving the tool head to reciprocate radially, the driving assembly comprises a screw rod and a sliding block, the screw rod is rotationally connected to the rotating frame at both ends, the sliding block is threadedly connected to the screw rod, the sliding block is fixed with the tool head, the driving assembly further comprises a driving source and a transmission structure, and the driving source drives the screw rod to rotate through the transmission structure; a mounting cavity is arranged in the middle of the rotating frame, and the driving source is arranged in the mounting cavity. The application embeds the driving motor in the rotating center of the rotating frame, eliminates the mass eccentricity caused by the external motor from the root, makes the rotating gravity center closer to the axis or even coincide with the axis, greatly improves the dynamic balance and stability during high-speed rotation, and significantly improves the transmission precision and machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of blade unfolding, and in particular to a high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with high-power built-in drive. Background Technology

[0002] A tool spreader is a precision accessory mounted on the spindle of a machining center. During machining, as the spindle rotates, a precise internal mechanical structure causes the tool tip to move radially in a controlled, minute manner.

[0003] Patent application CN104400040A discloses a boring and face machining head, rotatably driven by a machine tool spindle, having a turning tool mounted on a mounting slide, the mounting slide being controllably driven transversely along the axis of the head body via a threaded shaft operatively connected to a cylinder, the cylinder being integral with the spindle and rotatably housing a ring gear, the ring gear being operatively connected to a gear driven by a controllable electric motor, and wherein the ring gear comprises a circumferential arrangement of teeth that engages with a gear integral with the drive shaft.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technology, a controllable motor is used as the driving source for the radial movement of the cutting tool, enabling the tool to move radially. However, since the controllable motor is installed on the outside of the fixed part, the center of gravity of the machining head shifts, resulting in poor rotational stability when the machining head rotates at high speed, which affects the machining quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issue of the machining head's center of gravity shifting due to the controllable motor being mounted on the outside of the fixed part, resulting in poor rotational stability and affecting machining quality at high speeds, this application provides a high-precision tool unfolding mechanism with a high-power built-in drive.

[0006] This application provides a high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with high-power built-in drive, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with high-power built-in drive includes a rotating frame, a blade head slidably mounted on the rotating frame, and a drive assembly that drives the blade head to reciprocate radially. The drive assembly includes a lead screw and a sliding block. The two ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the rotating frame, and the sliding block is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The sliding block fixes the blade head. The drive assembly also includes a drive source and a transmission structure. The drive source drives the lead screw to rotate through the transmission structure.

[0008] The rotating frame has a mounting cavity in the middle, and the drive source is located in the mounting cavity.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive source is moved from an externally fixed position to the internal rotating frame of the tool unfolding mechanism, making it an integral rotating mass with the frame. This fundamentally eliminates the mass eccentricity caused by an externally mounted motor. Furthermore, with the drive source located at the center of rotation, the center of gravity of the rotating components is closer to the axis of rotation during operation, and the center of gravity of the rotating components is closer to or even coincides with the axis of rotation. This significantly improves the dynamic balance performance during high-speed rotation, reduces vibration, and increases machining accuracy. The built-in drive source layout makes the entire tool unfolding mechanism more regular and compact, facilitating installation and use on the machine tool spindle. The drive source's rotation axis is also closer to the lead screw, reducing transmission components and improving the lead screw's transmission accuracy. Because the mounting cavity is located inside the rotating frame, it is convenient to select a larger, higher-power drive source without affecting the rotational stability of the tool unfolding mechanism during operation. This breaks the barrier that radial sliding of the tool unfolding mechanism can only use lightweight, low-power drive sources. A high-power drive source allows for sensitive adjustment of the radial sliding of the tool unfolding mechanism, reducing delay and improving machining efficiency.

[0010] Optionally, the transmission structure includes a driving gear, a driven gear, and a reducer. The input end of the reducer is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft of the drive source, the output end of the reducer is coaxially fixed to the driving gear, the driven gear is coaxially fixed to the lead screw, and the driving gear and the driven gear mesh.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the reducer lowers the speed and amplifies the output torque of the motor, making the drive screw push the cutter head more powerfully and smoothly, facilitating the use of high-power drive sources, and improving the control accuracy of micro-feed. Radial transmission between the driving and driven gears enables a change in the direction of power transmission within a compact radial space, improving space utilization and facilitating the installation of the drive source.

[0012] Optionally, a mounting base is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating frame, the reducer is fixed to the mounting base, and the drive source is fixed to the reducer.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive source is fixed on the reducer, forming a stable and rigid support structure from the rotating frame body to the drive source. This stable installation ensures that the reducer and drive source do not experience displacement or vibration during high-speed rotation, avoiding transmission gaps or errors caused by loose installation, thereby guaranteeing the final accuracy of the cutter head movement.

[0014] Optionally, the center of gravity of the whole assembly consisting of the mounting base, drive gear, reducer and drive source is close to or coincides with the axis of the rotating frame.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the alignment of the center of gravity and the axis of rotation significantly reduces or eliminates the centrifugal force generated by the internal drive, facilitating a stable state during tool rotation. Furthermore, it enables higher spindle speeds (such as tens of thousands of revolutions per minute) for tool rotation, thereby expanding the application range of high-speed machining with tool rotation.

[0016] Optionally, the rotating frame includes a connecting plate and a mounting frame. The connecting plate is used to connect the main shaft. The mounting frame has two limiting plates fixed on the side facing the connecting plate, and the gap between the two limiting plates is a mounting cavity. The mounting frame has a drive cavity for accommodating the lead screw on the side away from the mounting cavity. A gear cavity is opened on the mounting cavity to connect the mounting cavity and the drive cavity, and the gear cavity accommodates the driven gear.

[0017] A height equalizer is provided between the connecting plate and the limiting plate. The height equalizer is provided on the mounting base. The height equalizer is used to press the ends of the two limiting plates close to the connecting plate. When the limiting plates press against the height equalizer, the driving gear and the driven gear mesh.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, two equal-height pads are placed between the mounting base and the mounting surface of the rotating frame. The thickness of these pads is adjusted by fine-tuning the meshing clearance to ensure optimal meshing between the driving and driven gears, thereby achieving high precision. The rotating frame and mounting base are designed as separate structures, facilitating the installation of the internal drive module and precise adjustment of the gear meshing clearance. Precise gear meshing improves the stability of power transmission, reduces errors, and enhances machining accuracy. Separating the drive source from the transmission gears and lead screw in separate cavities helps prevent interference, and the heat from the drive source is less likely to affect the rotation of the lead screw, thus better ensuring machining precision during operation.

[0019] Optionally, the mounting base includes a base plate and a support plate, the base plate is fixed to the connecting plate, the support plate is fixed to the base plate, the reducer is fixed to the support plate, and the leveling plate is disposed on the side of the base plate away from the connecting plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the base plate is used to fix and support the contour plate to the connecting plate, ensuring that the connecting plate is not damaged when the limiting plate presses and fixes the contour plate. Furthermore, the base plate is easy to process for installing the contour plate, eliminating the need to process the connecting plate. The support plate is specifically used to fix the reducer, and the drive source is fixed to the reducer. This prevents vibrations from the drive source from being easily transmitted to the mounting bracket, making it less likely for the screws on the mounting bracket to loosen and for components to shift, thus ensuring precision during processing.

[0021] Optionally, it also includes an outer shell, in which a first bearing is disposed, the inner ring of the first bearing fixing the rotating frame, the outer ring of the first bearing fixing the inner wall of the outer shell, and the mounting cavity being located within the inner ring of the first bearing.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive system (drive source, reducer, and drive gear) is embedded within the rotating frame and rotates synchronously at high speed with it. During machining, the radial movement of the tool is relative to the central axis of the rotating frame itself. To precisely control the movement of the tool, the stability of the rotating frame's own axis of rotation must first be ensured. The outer shell is a non-rotating part fixed to the machine tool spindle or other stationary components. A constant and precise physical axis of rotation is provided to the rotating frame through the first bearing. This axis of rotation is the absolute reference for the entire mechanism's movement. The outer shell further limits the rotation axis of the rotating frame, thereby improving the stability of the tool's rotation, reducing vibration during the rotating frame's rotation, and further improving machining precision.

[0023] Optionally, the two limiting plates are provided with reinforcing ribs for connecting the mounting bracket on the side away from each other.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solutions, the reinforcing ribs can significantly enhance the rigidity and strength of the limiting plate, and even the entire mounting frame, when subjected to the lateral force of gear transmission and the centrifugal force of high-speed rotation, thus preventing deformation.

[0025] Optionally, a sliding seat is slidably connected to the mounting bracket, the cutter head is disposed on the sliding seat, the sliding seat fixes a sliding block, and a counterweight is also disposed on the sliding seat. The counterweight and the cutter head are fixed at both ends of the sliding seat in the sliding direction.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the weight and the cutter head are fixed at both ends of the sliding direction of the sliding seat, so that the center of gravity of the sliding seat assembly is easily located at the center of the sliding seat, which improves the stability of the cutter head rotation and makes it less prone to vibration.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. This application integrates the drive motor into the rotation center of the rotating frame, thereby eliminating the mass eccentricity caused by the external motor, making the rotation center of gravity closer to or even coincide with the axis, and greatly improving the dynamic balance and stability during high-speed rotation.

[0029] 2. The built-in layout makes the structure more compact, easier to install, and allows for the selection of a higher-power drive motor, thereby obtaining stronger driving force and more sensitive tool head adjustment, significantly improving transmission accuracy and processing efficiency.

[0030] 3. The rotating frame and mounting base are designed as separate structures, which makes it easy to install the internal drive module and adjust the gear meshing clearance precisely;

[0031] 4. The support plate is specifically designed to fix the reducer, forming an independent rigid support. This structure isolates the drive source vibration from the mounting bracket, effectively preventing screw loosening and component displacement, and ensuring the stability and machining accuracy of the entire transmission system. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with a high-power built-in drive.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural demonstration of the rotating frame in the embodiment. Figure 1 .

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural demonstration of the rotating frame in the embodiment. Figure 2 .

[0035] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment, mainly showing the structure of the driving component.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-section of the embodiment. Figure 1 This mainly shows the installation location of the driver components.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-section of the embodiment. Figure 2 This mainly showcases the installation positions of the limit plate and the contour plate.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Rotating frame; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Mounting frame; 13. Limiting plate; 14. Mounting cavity; 15. Reinforcing rib; 16. Drive cavity; 17. Gear cavity; 2. Cutting head; 3. Drive assembly; 31. Lead screw; 32. Sliding block; 33. Drive source; 34. Transmission structure; 341. Driving gear; 342. Driven gear; 343. Reducer; 4. Main shaft; 5. Sliding seat; 51. Counterweight; 6. Mounting seat; 61. Base plate; 62. Support plate; 63. Height plate; 631. Positioning hole; 64. Positioning pin; 7. Outer shell; 8. First bearing; 9. Second bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] This application discloses a high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with a high-power built-in drive. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The high-precision tool unfolding mechanism with high-power built-in drive includes a rotating frame 1, a tool head 2 slidably mounted on the rotating frame 1, and a drive assembly 3 that drives the tool head 2 to slide radially back and forth. The rotating frame 1 is used to connect to the spindle 4, and the spindle 4 drives the rotating frame 1 to rotate.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2The rotating frame 1 includes a connecting plate 11 and a mounting bracket 12. The connecting plate 11 fixes the spindle 4. The connecting plate 11 and the spindle 4 are provided with corresponding keyways. The connecting plate 11 and the spindle 4 are positioned by shaft holes and connected by a flat key, making the connection method simple and reliable, and further ensuring the stability of high torque transmission.

[0042] Mounting bracket 12 is fixed to the side of connecting plate 11 away from spindle 4. Two limiting plates 13 are fixed to the side of mounting bracket 12 facing connecting plate 11, and the gap between the two limiting plates 13 is the mounting cavity 14. Reinforcing ribs 15 are provided on the side of the two limiting plates 13 away from each other to connect mounting bracket 12, thereby improving support.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 The mounting bracket 12 has a drive cavity 16 on the side opposite to the mounting cavity 14, and the mounting cavity 14 has a gear cavity 17 that connects the mounting cavity 14 and the drive cavity 16.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The drive assembly 3 includes a lead screw 31, a sliding block 32, a drive source 33, and a transmission structure 34. The two ends of the lead screw 31 are rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 12. The lead screw 31 is located within the drive cavity 16. The combination of the lead screw 31 and the sliding block 32 forms a planetary roller screw, which has the advantages of high load capacity, high rigidity, and precision transmission. Its load capacity exceeds that of a ball screw of the same size by 3-8 times, and it also possesses excellent impact resistance, high speed, long life, and a compact structure, making it more suitable for the use of high-power drive sources in this solution.

[0045] The sliding block 32 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 31. A sliding seat 5 is fixed on the sliding block 32, and the sliding seat 5 is slidably connected to the mounting bracket 12. The cutter head 2 is fixed on the side of the sliding seat 5 away from the sliding block 32. A counterweight 51 is also fixed on the sliding seat 5. The counterweight 51 and the cutter head 2 are fixed at both ends of the sliding direction of the sliding seat 5. The counterweight 51 and the cutter head 2 are located at the two ends of the center of gravity of the sliding seat 5, and the counterweight 51 and the cutter head 2 have the same weight.

[0046] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 The drive source 33 drives the lead screw 31 to rotate through the transmission structure 34. The drive source 33 is a servo motor, with a mainstream power of 1.5kW-5.6kW, rated torque of 5Nm-25Nm, and peak torque of 15Nm-50Nm. The servo motor is fixed inside the mounting cavity 14, and a mounting seat 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating frame 1. The mounting seat 6 is fixed to the connecting plate 11 and is located in the mounting cavity 14.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4The transmission structure 34 includes a driving gear 341, a driven gear 342, and a reducer 343. The reducer 343 is fixed to the mounting base 6. The input end of the reducer 343 is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft of the drive source 33, and the output end of the reducer 343 is coaxially fixed to the driving gear 341. The driven gear 342 is coaxially fixed to the lead screw 31, and the driving gear 341 and the driven gear 342 mesh. The gear cavity 17 accommodates the driven gear 342.

[0048] Reference Figure 4 The mounting base 6 includes a base plate 61 and a support plate 62. The base plate 61 is fixed to the connecting plate 11, and the support plate 62 is fixed to the base plate 61. The reducer 343 is fixed to the support plate 62, and the servo motor is fixed to the housing of the reducer 343.

[0049] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 6 A height equalizer 63 is fixed between the connecting plate 11 and the limiting plate 13, and the height equalizer 63 is disposed on the mounting base 6. The height equalizer 63 is used to press and fix the ends of the two limiting plates 13 near the connecting plate 11. When the limiting plate 13 presses against the height equalizer 63, the driving gear 341 and the driven gear 342 mesh.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 The contour plate 63 is set on the side of the base plate 61 away from the connecting plate 11. The base plate 61 is fixed with a positioning post 64. The contour plate 63 is provided with a positioning hole 631 for the positioning post 64 to pass through, which facilitates the installation of the contour plate 63.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 The center of gravity of the assembly formed by the mounting base 6, the drive gear 341, the reducer 343, and the drive source 33 is close to or coincides with the axis of the rotating frame 1. The deviation between the center of gravity of the assembly formed by the mounting base 6, the drive gear 341, the reducer 343, and the drive source 33 and the axis of the rotating frame 1 is 0 mm to 5 mm.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 The high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with high-power internal drive also includes an outer shell 7. A first bearing 8 is installed inside the outer shell 7. The inner ring of the first bearing 8 fixes the rotating frame 1, and the outer ring of the first bearing 8 fixes the inner wall of the outer shell 7, so that the rotating frame 1 is rotatably connected to the outer shell 7. The mounting cavity 14 is located inside the inner ring of the first bearing 8. The outer shell 7 extends close to the blade head 2.

[0053] The main shaft 4 is rotatably connected inside the outer shell 7 via two second bearings 9. The two second bearings 9 are located at both ends of the main shaft 4 along its length. The inner ring of the second bearing 9 fixes the outer wall of the main shaft 4, and the outer ring of the second bearing 9 fixes the outer shell 7. The first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9 are tapered roller bearings. The first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9 increase the connection area between the outer shell 7 and its internal rotating parts, thereby further increasing the rotational stability of the rotating parts and improving the machining accuracy of the tool unfolding mechanism.

[0054] The implementation principle of a high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with high power built-in drive in this application embodiment is as follows: When in use, the outer cylinder shell 7 is fixed on the stationary part of the machine tool. A motor is fixed on the outer cylinder shell 7. The motor drives the spindle 4 to rotate, which in turn drives the spindle 4, the rotating frame 1 and all the components installed on the rotating frame 1 to rotate. When rotating, the outer cylinder shell 7 provides a stable axis to the rotating frame 1 through the first bearing 8.

[0055] While the rotating frame 1 rotates at high speed, the built-in drive source 33 (high-power servo motor) starts. The power of the servo motor is adjusted by the coaxial reducer 343 and then transmitted to the driven gear 342 fixed on the lead screw 31 through the drive gear 341, driving the lead screw 31 to rotate at low speed and high torque in the drive cavity 16. The sliding block 32, which is threaded with the lead screw 31, moves axially along the lead screw 31, thereby driving the fixed sliding seat 5 and the cutter head 2 to make precise radial feed or retraction on the mounting frame 12.

[0056] The core drive components 3, such as the drive source 33 and the reducer 343, are built into the rotation center and are made to have their overall center of gravity close to or even coincide with the axis of the rotating frame 1 through the mounting base 6, which essentially ensures dynamic balance during high-speed rotation and reduces vibration.

[0057] The lead screw 31 and the sliding mechanism of the cutter head 2 are located entirely inside the rotating frame 1 and rotate synchronously with the spindle 4. Its radial feed is the movement relative to the axis of the rotating frame 1 itself. Combined with the high-rigidity transmission structure 34, precision bearing support, and adjustable gear meshing clearance, micron-level, high-response radial position control of the cutter tip is achieved under high-speed rotation conditions, thereby completing high-precision boring or end-face machining.

[0058] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-precision blade-unfolding mechanism with high-power built-in drive, comprising a rotating frame (1), a blade head (2) slidably disposed on the rotating frame (1), and a drive assembly (3) for driving the blade head (2) to reciprocate radially, wherein the drive assembly (3) comprises a lead screw (31) and a sliding block (32), the two ends of the lead screw (31) are rotatably connected to the rotating frame (1), the sliding block (32) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (31), and the sliding block (32) fixes the blade head (2), characterized in that: The drive assembly (3) further includes a drive source (33) and a transmission structure (34), wherein the drive source (33) drives the lead screw (31) to rotate through the transmission structure (34); The rotating frame (1) has a mounting cavity (14) in the middle, and the drive source (33) is located in the mounting cavity (14); The transmission structure (34) includes a drive gear (341), a driven gear (342), and a reducer (343). The input end of the reducer (343) is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft of the drive source (33). The output end of the reducer (343) is coaxially fixed to the drive gear (341). The driven gear (342) is coaxially fixed to the lead screw (31). The drive gear (341) and the driven gear (342) mesh. The rotating frame (1) has a mounting base (6) fixed on its inner wall, the reducer (343) is fixed to the mounting base (6), and the drive source (33) is fixed to the reducer (343); The center of gravity of the whole assembly formed by the mounting base (6), the drive gear (341), the reducer (343) and the drive source (33) is close to or coincides with the axis of the rotating frame (1); The rotating frame (1) includes a connecting plate (11) and a mounting frame (12). The connecting plate (11) is used to connect the main shaft (4). The mounting frame (12) has two limiting plates (13) fixed on the side facing the connecting plate (11). A height equalizer (63) is provided between the connecting plate (11) and the limiting plate (13). The height equalizer (63) is provided on the mounting base (6). The height equalizer (63) allows the ends of the two limiting plates (13) to abut against the connecting plate (11). When the limiting plate (13) abuts against the height equalizer (63), the driving gear (341) and the driven gear (342) mesh. It also includes an outer shell (7), in which a first bearing (8) is provided, the inner ring of the first bearing (8) is fixed to the rotating frame (1), the outer ring of the first bearing (8) is fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell (7), and the mounting cavity (14) is located inside the inner ring of the first bearing (8).

2. The high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with high-power built-in drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the two limiting plates (13) is a mounting cavity (14); the mounting bracket (12) is provided with a drive cavity (16) for accommodating the lead screw (31) on the side away from the mounting cavity (14); the mounting cavity (14) is provided with a gear cavity (17) that connects the mounting cavity (14) and the drive cavity (16); the gear cavity (17) accommodates the driven gear (342).

3. The high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with high-power built-in drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (6) includes a base plate (61) and a support plate (62). The base plate (61) is fixed to the connecting plate (11), the support plate (62) is fixed to the base plate (61), the reducer (343) is fixed to the support plate (62), and the leveling plate (63) is disposed on the side of the base plate (61) away from the connecting plate (11).

4. The high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with high-power built-in drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two limiting plates (13) are provided with reinforcing ribs (15) for connecting the mounting bracket (12) on the side away from each other.

5. The high-precision blade unfolding mechanism with high-power built-in drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding seat (5) is slidably connected to the mounting bracket (12), the cutter head (2) is disposed on the sliding seat (5), the sliding seat (5) fixes the sliding block (32), and a counterweight (51) is also disposed on the sliding seat (5). The counterweight (51) and the cutter head (2) are fixed at both ends of the sliding direction of the sliding seat (5).

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