Improved design of impregnation system of numerical control winding machine
By improving the automatic tension control system and impregnation performance of the winding machine, the problems of unstable tension and uneven rubber content in the rubber roller system during production were solved, resulting in stable product quality, improved production efficiency, and reduced facility maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEBEI YANXING MACHINERY
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
Smart Images
Figure CN122126699A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fiberglass winding technology for recoilless launchers. It is an improved design of the impregnation system of a CNC winding machine, which is used in the impregnation system mechanism of a fiberglass winding machine for a certain type of recoilless launcher. Background Technology
[0002] A certain type of recoilless launcher for individual soldiers is a product based on fiberglass winding technology. There are many types of fiberglass winding technology, among which wet winding involves pre-impregnating the fiber yarn with resin on an impregnation machine and then directly winding it onto a mandrel. The winding and impregnation process is a crucial step in ensuring the quality of the launcher. Many factors affect the performance of fiberglass, among which the following are some of the more important ones:
[0003] 1. The initial stress of fibers in wound products should be the same to avoid looseness inside and tightness outside. Determining a reasonable tension system is very important for improving the strength of the products.
[0004] 2. Excessive or insufficient sizing agent content, or uneven distribution, will cause uneven stress distribution, thereby affecting the performance of the entire product. The sizing agent must reach a certain degree of curing; otherwise, the performance of the product will be severely reduced.
[0005] 3. During the process, it is important to minimize air bubbles, reduce porosity, and improve the density of the product. In particular, for wet winding, improving the fiber wetting properties and appropriately increasing the winding tension can help reduce porosity. Excessive voids will not only reduce interlaminar shear strength, but also indirectly cause a decrease in compressive strength and resistance to instability.
[0006] The aforementioned factors not only affect the performance of the launcher, but also result in a long production cycle for each unit, directly impacting the launcher's production efficiency. The original winding machine's rubber roller structure is simple, with bearings mounted on both sides of the roller. During actual production, the rubber in the rubber trough always drips onto the bearing baffles, making bearing disassembly inconvenient. When rubber seeps into the bearing, it affects its flexibility, causing the rubber roller system to malfunction. The direct consequence is unstable tension control, which in turn affects normal production.
[0007] To avoid the factors that affect the performance of the launcher's fiberglass, an improved design scheme for the CNC winding machine's impregnation system was invented. Summary of the Invention
[0008] An improved design scheme for the impregnation system of a CNC winding machine consists of three parts: automatic control and adjustment of the winding machine tension system, improvement of the impregnation performance of the winding machine, and protection and cost saving of the rubber roller facilities.
[0009] Based on the special characteristics of the winding equipment working with adhesive, the rubber roller system of the winding machine was improved and redesigned. This changed the working state of the rubber roller system, solved some problems that occurred in the actual production process of the original rubber roller system, ensured product quality, and overcame the three shortcomings of the original system: difficulty in controlling the adhesive content, low winding speed, and long production cycle of a single piece. This improved the winding production speed and ensured product quality.
[0010] 1. Automatic tension control system
[0011] In the process of fiberglass winding molding, the tension needs to be kept constant or controlled to change according to a certain pattern in order to meet the requirements of the mechanical and other process properties of the product. To meet this need, an automatic tension regulator is designed and installed to form an automatic tension adjustment and control system, which controls and adjusts the fiberglass machinery and equipment to ensure that the tension of the fiberglass yarn of the winding material remains constant, thereby achieving automatic control and adjustment of the tension system of the winding machine.
[0012] There are three working states for tension control:
[0013] 1) Winding tension control: As the roll diameter gradually increases, the tension is generally constant, and both the braking torque and linear speed increase with the increase of the roll diameter. In order to keep the linear speed constant, the driving torque must increase with the increase of the roll diameter, and the rotational speed must decrease with the increase of the roll diameter.
[0014] 2) Roll tension control: refers to the control of the tension between the power rollers that generate tension. It does not involve changes in roll diameter.
[0015] 3) Unwinding tension control: The roll diameter gradually decreases. In order to maintain constant tension, the braking torque must be controlled to decrease as the roll diameter decreases.
[0016] Regarding the winding method, the following section focuses on the importance and impact of unwinding tension control in the fiberglass winding process.
[0017] Winding tension is a crucial control parameter in the fiberglass winding process, significantly impacting product quality. The optimal winding tension depends on design calculations, while the accurate and stable implementation of a reasonable tension value relies on the tension control system.
[0018] Influence on the mechanical properties of the product
[0019] The strength and fatigue performance of fiberglass products are closely related to the winding tension. Insufficient tension results in low product strength, while excessive tension increases fiber wear, further reducing product strength. Large tension fluctuations will cause uneven fiber tension in the wound product, resulting in inconsistent initial stress states in each layer after demolding, preventing them from bearing load simultaneously and leading to a decrease in overall product strength (potentially causing a strength loss of approximately 30% in the fiber-wound structure).
[0020] Influence on the density of the product
[0021] During the winding process, the presence of volatile gases in the adhesive creates numerous micropores, some visible and some invisible, in the finished product. Excessive micropores not only reduce the product's mechanical properties (primarily shear strength) but also compromise its airtightness. Winding tension is one of the decisive factors in controlling and limiting the porosity.
[0022] Effect on rubber content
[0023] Increased winding tension leads to a decrease in resin content. The normal component of winding tension causes the outer winding layer to exert pressure on the inner winding layer, thus forcing the resin from the inner layer to the outer layer. Excessive, insufficient, or fluctuating tension will result in uneven resin content in the inner and outer layers of the wound product, leading to uneven stress distribution and affecting product performance.
[0024] Tension control and adjustment are crucial for ensuring the smooth winding of the fiberglass launcher. The improved device, by assembling the bearings on both sides of the roller and protecting them with end caps, effectively solves the problem of bearing impregnation. This allows the bearings to work better and more flexibly, thereby stabilizing the uniformity and stability of the yarn tension during winding. This results in a more even and compact arrangement of the wound yarns, ensuring that the force is evenly distributed to each yarn when the cylinder is under stress. This guarantees the strength of the cylinder and also ensures the stability and enhancement of various product performance characteristics.
[0025] 2. Improved impregnation performance
[0026] The adhesive impregnation performance of the winding machine's rollers directly affects the adhesive content of the product, thus affecting its weight, strength, and other properties. In addition, uneven adhesive content can cause localized adhesive loss during the winding process, resulting in defective products and increasing internal consumption and waste of various resources.
[0027] The performance of impregnation mainly manifests in the uniformity of the amount of adhesive per unit distance after each yarn passes through the adhesive trough. Under normal working conditions, the adhesive roller should be in a stable rotating state, and the friction with the yarn should be static friction, maintaining a relatively stationary state. However, due to the frequent immersion of adhesive into the bearings of old adhesive rollers, their normal rotation is restricted, resulting in relative sliding between the yarn and the adhesive roller. The original static friction becomes sliding friction, and the frictional force increases. As a result, some of the adhesive is lost from the yarn that was originally impregnated under the action of sliding friction, and the amount of adhesive per unit distance varies, making the impregnation performance unstable, thus affecting the various performance and indicators of the bobbin after winding.
[0028] In actual production, this manifests itself as follows:
[0029] The glue inlet was improved, enabling automatic control of glue flow rate and glue surface height. After the improvement, the weight fluctuation range was 2.493–2.620 kg, and the weight of the bobbin was better controlled, stabilizing within the range of 2.500–2.610 kg. Regarding strength, hydrostatic testing showed that the water pressure strength values before the improvement were: high pressure 610–690 bar, sub-high pressure 470–550 bar, low pressure 360–420 bar; after the improvement, the values were: high pressure 650–740 bar, sub-high pressure 490–610 bar, low pressure 380–460 bar. Furthermore, the previous glue-impregnation system often resulted in uneven yarn impregnation, leading to localized glue deficiency, dry yarn, and other inferior or even scrap products, thus affecting production progress and wasting raw materials. An automatic tension regulator was designed and added, forming an automatic tension adjustment control system.
[0030] The improved device effectively solved the above-mentioned shortcomings and problems, ensuring all indicators after the cylinder is wound and formed.
[0031] 3. Cost savings in facilities
[0032] The original facility had a simple structure, and the bearings wore out quickly after being dipped in adhesive, reducing their lifespan and increasing costs. Before the improvement, each bearing had a lifespan of approximately 30-40 days. The improved roller bearings are well protected, significantly extending their lifespan and saving costs compared to the previous structure. Furthermore, the improved structure is easier to operate and clean after use. At the same time, this improved device is built upon the existing foundation, maximizing the reuse of all equipment and avoiding waste while ensuring smooth production.
[0033] The above-mentioned improved design scheme solved some problems that occurred in the actual production process of the original rubber roller system, ensuring product quality. It has the advantages of simple and convenient process, strong adhesion, good airtightness and interlayer shear strength, and improved product quality and production efficiency.
[0034] The key point of this design is that it must not only improve the working performance of the original equipment, but also ensure that it is easy to operate, low in cost, simple to process, exquisite in appearance, and easy to clean, disassemble and maintain. This greatly increases the difficulty of this improvement. In the actual design process, in order to achieve the above requirements, we have continuously studied and tried in terms of structure, material selection and processing, and conducted repeated experiments. Finally, the following feasible solutions were determined.
[0035] The improved design resulted in cost savings and increased efficiency. Its simple operation and ease of use fundamentally solved the scrap problems caused by the aforementioned issues during product processing. Since the introduction of this type of rubber roller in May 2011, the cylinder winding process has completely eliminated quality defects such as insufficient rubber, excessive weight, and excessive lightness. This has increased product strength, improved the first-pass yield of the cylinder, reduced the scrap rate, and ensured product quality. Attached Figure Description
[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram before the improvement.
[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a double-bearing rubber roller.
[0038] As shown in the figure: glue inlet (1), tension automatic regulator (2), bearing (3). Detailed Implementation
[0039] This invention provides an improved design scheme for the impregnation system of a CNC winding machine, which consists of three parts: automatic control and adjustment of the tension system of the winding machine, improvement of the impregnation performance of the winding machine, and protection and cost saving of the rubber roller facilities; an automatic tension regulator (2) is added to form an automatic tension adjustment control system, which controls and adjusts the fiberglass machinery and equipment to ensure that the tension of the fiberglass yarn of the winding material remains constant, thereby achieving automatic control and adjustment of the tension system of the winding machine.
[0040] The glue inlet was improved, enabling automatic control of glue flow rate and glue surface height. Before the improvement, the weight fluctuation range of the formed cylinder was 2.493–2.620 kg; after the improvement, the weight of the cylinder is better controlled, stabilizing within the range of 2.500–2.610 kg. Regarding strength, statistical analysis of water pressure tests showed that the water pressure strength values before the improvement were: high pressure 610–690 bar, sub-high pressure 470–550 bar, low pressure 360–420 bar; after the improvement, the water pressure strength values are: high pressure 650–740 bar, sub-high pressure 490–610 bar, low pressure 380–460 bar. Furthermore, the previous glue impregnation system often resulted in uneven yarn impregnation, leading to localized glue shortages, dry yarn, and other inferior or even scrap products, thus affecting production progress and wasting raw materials. An automatic tension regulator was designed and added, forming an automatic tension adjustment control system. The improved device effectively solved the above shortcomings and problems, ensuring the various indicators of the wound cylinder.
[0041] Cost savings are achieved because the original simple structure accelerated bearing wear after impregnation, reducing the bearing's (3) lifespan and increasing costs. Before the improvement, each bearing had a lifespan of approximately 30-40 days. The improved roller bearings are well protected, significantly extending their lifespan and saving costs compared to the previous structure. Furthermore, the improved structure is easier to operate and wipe clean after use. At the same time, the improved device is built on the existing foundation, allowing for greater reuse of all equipment. This avoids waste of the original equipment and ensures smooth processing and production.
Claims
1. An improved design of a CNC winding machine impregnation system, characterized in that: It consists of three parts: automatic control and adjustment of the tension system of the winding machine, improvement of the impregnation performance of the winding machine, and protection and cost saving of the rubber roller facilities; an automatic tension regulator is designed to keep the tension of the glass fiber yarn of the winding material constant.
2. The improved design of the CNC winding machine impregnation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glue inlet was improved, and the glue flow rate and glue surface height were automatically controlled. The weight fluctuation range of the molded cylinder was 2.493-2.620 kg. After the improvement, the weight of the cylinder was controlled within the range of 2.500-2.610 kg. The water pressure test results before the improvement were: high pressure 610-690 bar, sub-high pressure 470-550 bar, low pressure 360-420 bar. The water pressure test results after the improvement were: high pressure 650-740 bar, sub-high pressure 490-610 bar, low pressure 380-460 bar.
3. The improved design of the CNC winding machine impregnation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The improvement solved the problem of uneven yarn impregnation, which resulted in localized glue deficiency in the bobbin, poor-quality dry yarn, or even scrap. Before the improvement, the service life of each bearing was about 30 to 40 days, while the service life of the improved rubber roller bearing is about 4,000 days.