A cable trench sheath fault direction intelligent judgment method and device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fault testing technology and proposes a method and device for intelligently determining the direction of faults in cable trench sheaths. The method includes: performing digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed; performing synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed to obtain a directional feature signal; performing polarity phase detection on the directional feature signal and DC level conversion on the directional feature signal to obtain a real-time voltage waveform; queuing and storing the current voltage value and polarity state to obtain a historical dataset; performing majority voting logic judgment on the current voltage value and the historical dataset to obtain a stable directional state; performing state latching on the stable directional state to obtain a direction determination result; performing edge detection on the direction determination result and performing position recording latching on the position where the flip occurs to obtain an approximation prompt signal. This invention can improve the efficiency of intelligent determination of the direction of faults in cable trench sheaths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fault testing technology, and in particular to a method and device for intelligently determining the direction of faults in cable trench sheaths. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing diversity of cable laying methods, the application of non-direct burial laying methods such as trenches, conduits, and pipe racks continues to rise. Traditional cable sheath fault location methods are poorly adapted to these laying scenarios. Some methods rely on step voltage or sound location to pinpoint the fault, which cannot effectively obtain effective location signals in non-direct burial scenarios. At the same time, traditional equipment is not capable enough to handle high-resistance and flashover cable faults, making it difficult to quickly convert high-resistance faults into low-resistance faults. Furthermore, pre-location of insulation faults in complex high-voltage cable systems is prone to blind spots, and the positioning accuracy is difficult to meet the actual needs of on-site testing.

[0003] Existing cable fault location equipment has significant shortcomings in terms of functional integration and operational application. Some devices only have single fault diagnosis, burn-through, or location functions, and cannot complete the entire process from cable insulation condition diagnosis to fault burn-through and precise location. Multiple devices need to be used in conjunction, resulting in poor operational coordination. At the same time, traditional equipment lacks intelligent signal processing and automatic guidance functions, has weak anti-interference capabilities, and is easily affected by power frequency interference, which affects the accuracy of signal acquisition and analysis. Moreover, the operation procedures of some devices are cumbersome, requiring repeated manual parameter adjustments. The safety protection design of some devices is not perfect, and the adaptability of functions such as grounding detection and overvoltage and overcurrent protection is insufficient. In high-voltage operation scenarios, improper operation can easily lead to safety hazards, thus reducing the overall efficiency of cable fault location. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method and apparatus for intelligently determining the direction of faults in cable trench sheathing, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults, comprising: Pt.1. Perform digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench. Pt.2. Perform synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench; Pt.3. Perform polarity phase detection on the directional characteristic signal and DC level conversion on the directional characteristic signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench; Pt.4. Based on a preset sliding window, the current voltage value and polarity state of the real-time voltage waveform are queued and stored to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench. Pt.5. Based on the historical dataset, a majority voting logic is used to determine the polarity state of the voltage value at the current moment and the polarity state of the voltage values ​​at past moments in the historical dataset to obtain the stable direction state of the target cable trench. Pt.6. The stable direction state is latched to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench; Pt.7. Perform edge detection on the direction determination result. When a flip edge is detected in the direction determination result from the first polarity state to the second polarity state, the position of the flip is recorded and latched to obtain the approach prompt signal of the target cable trench.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the step of performing digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench includes: The fault current characteristic frequency is extracted from the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the center frequency reference parameter of the target cable trench; Using the center frequency reference parameter as a reference, the original electromagnetic signal is truncated to obtain the intermediate filtered signal of the target cable trench; The purity of the intermediate filtered signal is quantitatively measured to obtain the signal quality assessment result of the target cable trench. Based on the signal quality assessment results, the truncation width of the original electromagnetic signal is dynamically adjusted to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the step of performing synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench includes: The reference clock signal of the output pulse signal is extracted from the transmitter, and the reference clock signal is locked by a phase-locked loop to obtain the synchronous detection reference signal of the target cable trench. Based on the synchronous detection reference signal, the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed is subjected to carrier synchronous demodulation to obtain the same frequency demodulated signal of the target cable trench; During one period of the synchronous detection reference signal, the energy of the same frequency demodulated signal is accumulated to obtain the in-phase component accumulation value sequence of the target cable trench; Based on a preset amplitude threshold, the cumulative value sequence of the in-phase components is threshold-discriminated to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the step of polarity phase detection of the directional feature signal and DC level conversion of the directional feature signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench includes: An adaptive decision threshold for the target cable trench is constructed based on the instantaneous changes in the positive and negative peak values ​​of the directional feature signal. Based on the adaptive decision threshold, the zero-crossing timing of the direction feature signal is determined to obtain the direction indication pulse sequence of the target cable trench; The direction indicator pulse sequence is sorted by positive and negative pulse time slots to obtain the polarity separation pulse group of the target cable trench; Based on the polarity-separated pulse group, the charge pump energy storage circuit of the receiver is alternately charged and discharged to obtain the cumulative voltage amplitude of the target cable trench. The accumulated voltage amplitude is buffered and converted into a low-impedance bipolar DC voltage signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the current voltage value and polarity state of the real-time voltage waveform are queued and stored based on a preset sliding window to obtain a historical dataset of the target cable trench, including: Based on the preset sliding window, the window boundary of the real-time voltage waveform is locked to obtain the window acquisition range of the target cable trench; Within the window acquisition interval, the real-time voltage waveform is synchronously sampled and acquired to obtain the sampling time sequence, voltage amplitude, and polarity direction of the target cable trench; The sampling time sequence, the voltage amplitude, and the polarity direction are bound and paired to obtain the sampling data linked list of the target cable trench; Based on the queue depth threshold of the sliding window, the data sample depth of the sampling data linked list is controlled to obtain the sampling data queue of the target cable trench. The continuity of the sampling data queue is checked, and the missing data positions in the sampling data queue are repaired based on the time interval of the sampling time sequence to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the step of performing a majority-voting logic judgment on the polarity state of the current voltage value and the polarity states of past voltage values ​​in the historical dataset to obtain the stable direction state of the target cable trench, based on the historical dataset, includes: Based on the historical dataset, the polarity distribution of the polarity states in the historical dataset is statistically analyzed to obtain the first polarity count and the second polarity count of the target cable trench. Based on the first polarity count and the second polarity count, a majority polarity decision is made on the polarity state at the sampling time in the historical dataset to obtain the historical data representative polarity of the target cable trench. The polarity of the current voltage value is compared with the polarity of the historical data to obtain the polarity verification result of the target cable trench. The polarity state verification result is accumulated and tracked over time. When the polarity state verification result is a polarity consistency identifier, the stable direction state of the target cable trench is obtained.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the step of latching the stable direction state to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench includes: Based on the polarity identifier of the stable direction state, state edge capture is performed on the stable direction state to obtain the state transition edge signal of the target cable trench; Based on the state transition edge signal, the state refresh scheduling of the direction state storage variable of the target cable trench is performed to obtain the latched direction state storage variable of the target cable trench. The latched direction state storage variable is monitored in a steady state to obtain the state pending identifier of the target cable trench; Based on the pending state identifier, the output drive is performed on the latched direction state storage variable to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the step of edge detection of the direction determination result, and when a flip edge is detected in the direction determination result from a first polarity state to a second polarity state, the position of the flip is recorded and latched to obtain an approach warning signal for the target cable trench, includes: Trajectory tracking is performed on the polarity state sequence of the direction determination result to obtain the polarity change trajectory of the target cable trench; The polarity change trajectory is subjected to monotonic trend discrimination. When the polarity state in the polarity change trajectory changes from the first polarity state to the second polarity state and remains thereafter, it is determined that there is a monotonic trend feature, and the trend triggering identifier of the target cable trench is obtained. Based on the trend triggering identifier, the sampling time and sampling sequence number of the first occurrence of the second polarity state in the polarity change trajectory are written as the flip location into the position storage variable of the target cable trench to obtain the flip location anchoring record of the target cable trench. Based on the flipped position anchoring record, the target cable trench is mapped to an approximation interval to obtain an approximation prompt signal for the target cable trench.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the monotonic trend determination of the polarity change trajectory, wherein when the polarity state in the polarity change trajectory changes from a first polarity state to a second polarity state and remains thereafter, a monotonic trend characteristic is determined to exist, and a trend triggering identifier for the target cable trench is obtained, includes: Based on the sampling time sequence of polarity state changes in the polarity change trajectory, the trend intensity of the polarity change trajectory is quantified to obtain the trend intensity index of the target cable trench. The trend intensity index is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, The trend strength index, The sampling time sequence is the th The polarity state quantization value at each sampling time. The sampling time sequence is the first... The duration of each sampling interval, The sampling time sequence is the th The polarity state quantization value at each sampling time. For the preset first Weighting coefficients for each sampling interval The total number of sampling intervals in the sampling time sequence. The number of times the polarity state in the sampling time sequence is continuously maintained in the second polarity state. This represents the total number of samples taken by the trend discrimination window in the polarity change trajectory. When the trend intensity index is greater than the preset trend threshold, it is determined that there is a monotonic trend feature, and the trend triggering identifier of the target cable trench is obtained.

[0014] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention also provides an intelligent device for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults, the device comprising: A bandpass filter module is used to perform digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench. A phase-sensitive detection module is used to perform synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed, so as to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench. The phase detection and voltage conversion module is used to perform polarity phase detection on the directional characteristic signal and to perform DC level conversion on the directional characteristic signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench. The sliding window data storage module is used to queue and store the current voltage value and polarity state of the real-time voltage waveform based on a preset sliding window, so as to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench. The voting direction determination module is used to perform majority voting logic judgment on the polarity state of the voltage value at the current moment and the polarity state of the voltage values ​​at past moments in the historical dataset based on the historical dataset, so as to obtain the stable direction state of the target cable trench. A state latching module is used to latch the stable direction state to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench. An edge latching module is used to perform edge detection on the direction determination result. When a flip edge is detected in the direction determination result from the first polarity state to the second polarity state, the position of the flip is recorded and latched to obtain the approach prompt signal of the target cable trench.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention features dedicated positioning modes for different cable laying scenarios, enabling accurate detection of cable sheath faults in various laying methods such as trenches, conduits, and direct burial. The equipment integrates intelligent diagnosis, fault burn-through, withstand voltage testing, precise positioning, and acceptance retesting, automatically identifying cable fault types and guiding subsequent operation procedures. It also possesses high-power fault burn-through capability, rapidly reducing the insulation resistance of high-resistance fault points and significantly improving fault handling efficiency. The signal acquisition end has ultra-high sensitivity, enabling a wider fault signal detection range. Combined with all-digital signal processing technology, it further enhances the accuracy of fault location.

[0016] 2. This invention achieves a high degree of intelligence and convenience in equipment operation, supporting one-button fully automatic testing. It features both touch and knob operation modes to adapt to different on-site operating habits. The equipment has automatic zeroing and automatic filtering of power frequency interference signals, effectively ensuring the stability of signal acquisition and analysis. All types of equipment are equipped with a comprehensive safety protection system, including protective grounding detection, overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature detection, and automatic discharge functions, comprehensively ensuring operational safety in high-voltage operating scenarios. The equipment has a data storage function to retain historical test data for easy review and analysis later. The portable chassis design enhances the flexibility of on-site mobile operations. The bridge positioning technology has no detection blind spots and can adapt to the insulation fault pre-location requirements of complex high-voltage cable systems, broadening the application range of the equipment. Furthermore, the parameter settings in the positioning process can be dynamically adapted according to the actual cable conditions, further ensuring the accuracy of the positioning results. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating an intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram of an intelligent fault direction determination device for cable trench sheathing provided in an embodiment of the present invention; The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0018] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] This application provides an intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults. The executing entity of this intelligent method includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following electronic devices that can be configured to execute the method provided in this application: a server, a terminal, etc. In other words, the intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device. The server includes, but is not limited to, a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server, or a cloud server cluster. The server can be an independent server or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDN), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating an intelligent method for determining the direction of a cable trench sheath fault according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the intelligent method for determining the direction of a cable trench sheath fault includes: Pt.1. Perform digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench. In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench includes: The fault current characteristic frequency is extracted from the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the center frequency reference parameter of the target cable trench; Using the center frequency reference parameter as a reference, the original electromagnetic signal is truncated to obtain the intermediate filtered signal of the target cable trench; The purity of the intermediate filtered signal is quantitatively measured to obtain the signal quality assessment result of the target cable trench. Based on the signal quality assessment results, the truncation width of the original electromagnetic signal is dynamically adjusted to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench.

[0021] The original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench is captured by the signal acquisition module. Based on the inherent frequency characteristics of the fault current when the cable sheath is faulty, the frequency band of the current signal directly related to the cable sheath fault is captured. The fault current frequency value with an energy ratio of 90% or more in the frequency band is selected and the frequency value is determined as the center frequency reference parameter of the target cable trench.

[0022] Using the center frequency reference parameter of the target cable trench as the center value, a preset fixed frequency range is extended to both the high and low ends. The spectrum shielding module completely shields the spectrum components of the original electromagnetic signal outside the range, retaining only the spectrum components of the original electromagnetic signal within the range. The retained spectrum components are then processed for signal restoration, and the restored signal is the intermediate filter signal of the target cable trench.

[0023] The signal purity detection module performs clutter ratio and signal distortion detection on the intermediate filter signal of the target cable trench. First, the ratio of the energy value of the clutter signal to the total energy value of the intermediate filter signal is calculated. Then, the signal distortion value of the intermediate filter signal is detected. The two indicators, clutter energy ratio and signal distortion, are comprehensively judged according to a preset weight of 50% each. Based on the judgment criteria of clutter energy ratio ≤ 5% and distortion ≤ 3% as qualified, clutter energy ratio 5%-10% or distortion 3%-6% as needing adjustment, and clutter energy ratio > 10% or distortion > 6% as unqualified, the corresponding signal quality assessment result of the target cable trench is generated.

[0024] Based on the signal quality assessment results of the target cable trench, the corresponding spectrum truncation width adjustment operation is performed. If the assessment result is qualified, the original spectrum truncation width based on the center frequency reference parameter is kept unchanged, and the intermediate filtered signal in this state is directly determined as the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench. If the assessment result is unacceptable, based on the center frequency reference parameter, the spectrum truncation width is reduced by 20% at both ends of the original extension range, and the original electromagnetic signal is re-processed for spectrum truncation and signal restoration. The new intermediate filtered signal obtained after processing is determined as the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench. If the assessment result is unacceptable, based on the center frequency reference parameter, the spectrum truncation width is reduced by 40% at both ends of the original extension range, and the original electromagnetic signal is re-processed for spectrum truncation and signal restoration. The new intermediate filtered signal obtained after processing is determined as the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench.

[0025] Pt.2. Perform synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench; In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench includes: The reference clock signal of the output pulse signal is extracted from the transmitter, and the reference clock signal is locked by a phase-locked loop to obtain the synchronous detection reference signal of the target cable trench. Based on the synchronous detection reference signal, the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed is subjected to carrier synchronous demodulation to obtain the same frequency demodulated signal of the target cable trench; During one period of the synchronous detection reference signal, the energy of the same frequency demodulated signal is accumulated to obtain the in-phase component accumulation value sequence of the target cable trench; Based on a preset amplitude threshold, the cumulative value sequence of the in-phase components is threshold-discriminated to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench.

[0026] The reference clock signal of the output PWM square wave pulse signal is extracted from the signal output terminal of the transmitter of the HC-10 cable sheath fault rapid location system. The reference clock signal is input to the phase-locked loop module. The module continuously captures the frequency and phase parameters of the reference clock signal and performs real-time calibration until the frequency deviation of the reference clock signal is ≤0.01Hz and the phase deviation is ≤0.1°. The signal locking under this parameter state is completed. The stable clock signal formed after locking is the synchronous detection reference signal of the target cable trench.

[0027] The synchronous detection reference signal of the target cable trench and the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed are input together to the carrier synchronous demodulation module. The module drives the internal demodulation carrier to achieve complete frequency and phase matching with the synchronous detection reference signal. Based on the matched demodulation carrier, the carrier component is accurately stripped from the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed, and only the baseband signal component related to the cable sheath fault is retained. The retained baseband signal is subjected to physical processing of signal shaping and clutter filtering. The stable baseband signal formed after processing is the same-frequency demodulated signal of the target cable trench.

[0028] The duration of a single cycle of the synchronous detection reference signal for the target cable trench is determined. This single cycle duration is divided into 100 equally spaced time sampling intervals. Within each time sampling interval, the instantaneous energy value of the demodulated signal at the same frequency is collected by the energy detection module. The instantaneous energy values ​​of all time sampling intervals within a single cycle are accumulated sequentially according to the sampling time sequence. The accumulation result is recorded once after the energy accumulation of each time sampling interval is completed. The numerical sequence formed by arranging all the accumulation results in the sampling time sequence is the in-phase component cumulative value sequence of the target cable trench.

[0029] The amplitude threshold of the in-phase component cumulative value is preset to be 50% of the total energy of the in-phase demodulated signal of the target cable trench within a single cycle of the synchronous detection reference signal. Each accumulation result in the in-phase component cumulative value sequence is compared with this amplitude threshold value one by one. The accumulation result greater than or equal to the amplitude threshold value is marked as a valid signal value, and the accumulation result less than the amplitude threshold value is marked as an invalid signal value. All invalid signal values ​​in the sequence are directly eliminated. The remaining valid signal values ​​are reassembled in an orderly manner according to the original sampling time sequence. The reassembled signal is input to the signal amplification module to amplify its amplitude to the standard signal amplitude range of 0-5V. The stable signal formed after amplitude calibration is the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench.

[0030] Pt.3. Perform polarity phase detection on the directional characteristic signal and DC level conversion on the directional characteristic signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench; In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing polarity phase detection on the directional feature signal and DC level conversion on the directional feature signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench includes: An adaptive decision threshold for the target cable trench is constructed based on the instantaneous changes in the positive and negative peak values ​​of the directional feature signal. Based on the adaptive decision threshold, the zero-crossing timing of the direction feature signal is determined to obtain the direction indication pulse sequence of the target cable trench; The direction indicator pulse sequence is sorted by positive and negative pulse time slots to obtain the polarity separation pulse group of the target cable trench; Based on the polarity-separated pulse group, the charge pump energy storage circuit of the receiver is alternately charged and discharged to obtain the cumulative voltage amplitude of the target cable trench. The accumulated voltage amplitude is buffered and converted into a low-impedance bipolar DC voltage signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench.

[0031] The directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench is acquired in real time by a peak detection module. The instantaneous values ​​of the positive and negative peak values ​​of the signal are captured at a fixed sampling interval of 10ms. The absolute values ​​of the positive and negative peak values ​​obtained in each sampling are calculated, and the arithmetic mean of the two absolute values ​​is taken as the base value of the adaptive decision threshold. The base value is continuously acquired and calculated for 5 consecutive times. If the change rate between two adjacent base values ​​is ≤2%, the current base value is kept as the effective threshold value. If the change rate is >2%, the arithmetic mean of the latest 5 consecutive base values ​​is taken to update the effective threshold value. The continuous threshold value sequence formed by dynamically updating according to this rule is the adaptive decision threshold of the target cable trench.

[0032] The directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench and the adaptive decision threshold are synchronously input to the zero-crossing detection module. When the instantaneous value of the directional characteristic signal gradually decreases from a value greater than the adaptive decision threshold to 0 and continues to decrease to a value less than the negative adaptive decision threshold, it is determined as a negative zero-crossing. When the instantaneous value of the directional characteristic signal gradually increases from a value less than the negative adaptive decision threshold to 0 and continues to increase to a value greater than the adaptive decision threshold, it is determined as a positive zero-crossing. Each time a zero-crossing is detected, the pulse generation module is triggered to generate a standard square wave pulse with an amplitude of 3.3V and a pulse width of 5ms. All generated standard square wave pulses are arranged in order according to the time sequence of the zero-crossing occurrence, and the resulting pulse sequence is the directional indication pulse sequence of the target cable trench.

[0033] Two independent time-slot sorting channels, one for positive and one for negative, are configured for the direction indication pulse sequence of the target cable trench. Square wave pulses triggered by positive zero-crossing are marked as positive pulses and all are imported into the positive sorting channel. Square wave pulses triggered by negative zero-crossing are marked as negative pulses and all are imported into the negative sorting channel. Both channels arrange the imported pulses in an orderly manner according to the order of pulse generation time. The ordered pulse group in the positive sorting channel and the ordered pulse group in the negative sorting channel together constitute the polarity separation pulse group of the target cable trench.

[0034] A trigger connection is established between the polarity separation pulse group of the target cable trench and the charge pump energy storage circuit of the receiver of the HC-10 cable sheath fault rapid location system. The positive pulse group in the polarity separation pulse group is used as the trigger signal for the positive charging of the charge pump energy storage circuit. Each positive pulse trigger circuit completes one positive charging operation with a pulse width of the same length. The negative pulse group in the polarity separation pulse group is used as the trigger signal for the reverse discharge of the charge pump energy storage circuit. Each negative pulse trigger circuit completes one reverse discharge operation with a pulse width of the same length. The instantaneous value of the terminal voltage of the energy storage capacitor in the charge pump energy storage circuit is detected in real time through the voltage acquisition module. This instantaneous value of the terminal voltage is the cumulative voltage amplitude of the target cable trench.

[0035] The accumulated voltage amplitude of the target cable trench is input to a low-pass buffer amplifier module. The input impedance of this module is set to 1MΩ and the output impedance is set to 50Ω to achieve low-impedance conversion of the accumulated voltage amplitude. At the same time, the module performs signal tracking and amplitude stabilization processing on the input accumulated voltage amplitude to avoid irregular sudden changes in voltage value. The voltage signal after buffering amplification and low-impedance conversion is input to the signal acquisition module. The bipolar DC voltage signal is continuously and uninterruptedly acquired at a fixed sampling frequency of 100Hz. All acquired voltage values ​​are mapped to the voltage-time coordinate system in chronological order. The resulting continuous voltage change curve is the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench.

[0036] Pt.4. Based on a preset sliding window, the current voltage value and polarity state of the real-time voltage waveform are queued and stored to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench. In this embodiment of the invention, the step of queuing and storing the current voltage value and polarity state of the real-time voltage waveform based on a preset sliding window to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench includes: Based on the preset sliding window, the window boundary of the real-time voltage waveform is locked to obtain the window acquisition range of the target cable trench; Within the window acquisition interval, the real-time voltage waveform is synchronously sampled and acquired to obtain the sampling time sequence, voltage amplitude, and polarity direction of the target cable trench; The sampling time sequence, the voltage amplitude, and the polarity direction are bound and paired to obtain the sampling data linked list of the target cable trench; Based on the queue depth threshold of the sliding window, the data sample depth of the sampling data linked list is controlled to obtain the sampling data queue of the target cable trench. The continuity of the sampling data queue is checked, and the missing data positions in the sampling data queue are repaired based on the time interval of the sampling time sequence to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench.

[0037] The preset sliding window is set to a continuous 10-second time window. The current acquisition time of the real-time voltage waveform is used as the end boundary of the window, and 10 seconds is traced back as the start boundary of the window. The time axis of the real-time voltage waveform is precisely aligned with the time axis of the sliding window through the time synchronization module, and the time deviation of the alignment is controlled within 1ms. The start and end acquisition points of the real-time voltage waveform corresponding to the 10-second time range are marked with the boundary locking module. The real-time voltage waveform interval between the two acquisition points is the window acquisition interval of the target cable trench.

[0038] Within the locked target cable trench's acquisition window, a fixed sampling frequency of 100Hz is set to synchronously sample the real-time voltage waveform, meaning a sampling action is performed every 10ms. Starting from the initial acquisition point of the acquisition window, samples are taken sequentially at fixed time intervals. A high-precision time recording module accurately records the specific time of each sample, and all sampling times are arranged in chronological order to form a sampling time sequence for the target cable trench. The voltage acquisition module captures the real-time voltage value corresponding to each sampling time, which is the voltage amplitude of the target cable trench. A polarity determination module determines the polarity of each sampled voltage amplitude: a voltage amplitude greater than 0V is considered positive polarity, a voltage amplitude less than 0V is considered negative polarity, and a voltage amplitude equal to 0V is considered zero polarity. This determination result is the polarity direction of the target cable trench.

[0039] Taking a single sampling moment in the sampling time sequence of the target cable trench as the core, the data binding module binds the sampling moment to the corresponding voltage amplitude and polarity direction one-to-one, forming an independent three-dimensional data node containing three attributes: sampling moment, voltage amplitude, and polarity direction. According to the chronological order of the sampling time sequence, all independent three-dimensional data nodes are chained together. Each three-dimensional data node is configured with the index information of the previous node and the index information of the next node, so that all nodes form a continuous chain data structure. This chain data structure is the sampling data linked list of the target cable trench.

[0040] The preset queue depth threshold for the sliding window is 1000 three-dimensional data nodes. This threshold matches the total amount of sampled data corresponding to a 10-second window time range and a 100Hz sampling frequency. The data depth control module counts the number of three-dimensional data nodes in the sampled data linked list of the target cable trench in real time. If the number of nodes is equal to 1000, the sampled data linked list is directly converted into a first-in-first-out queue data structure. If the number of nodes exceeds 1000, redundant three-dimensional data nodes are removed sequentially from the beginning of the sampled data linked list until the number of nodes reaches 1000, at which point the queue conversion is completed. If the number of nodes is less than 1000, the linked structure of the sampled data linked list is maintained, and the system waits for subsequent sampled three-dimensional data nodes to be added until the number of nodes reaches 1000, at which point the queue conversion is completed. The first-in-first-out queue formed after the conversion is the sampled data queue of the target cable trench.

[0041] The data continuity verification module performs time-series verification on adjacent three-dimensional data nodes in the sampling data queue of the target cable trench. It calculates the time difference between the sampling times of every two adjacent nodes and verifies whether the difference is within the preset 10ms sampling interval. If the time difference between all adjacent nodes is 10ms, the sampling data queue is considered to be continuous and without missing data. If the time difference between adjacent nodes is greater than 10ms, the number of missing sampling points is calculated based on the difference. The voltage amplitude of the missing sampling point is determined by linear interpolation based on the voltage amplitude of the two adjacent three-dimensional data nodes before and after the missing position. The polarity direction of the missing sampling point is determined according to the polarity determination rule of the preceding and following nodes. The sampling time of the missing sampling point is accurately recorded and a complete three-dimensional data node is formed. The completed node is inserted into the corresponding missing position in the sampling data queue. After completing the time-series repair of all missing positions, the data verification module performs attribute verification on all three-dimensional data nodes in the entire queue to confirm that there are no information errors and no duplicate nodes. The sampling data queue that passes the verification is the historical dataset of the target cable trench.

[0042] Pt.5. Based on the historical dataset, a majority voting logic is used to determine the polarity state of the voltage value at the current moment and the polarity state of the voltage values ​​at past moments in the historical dataset to obtain the stable direction state of the target cable trench. In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing a majority-voting logic judgment on the polarity state of the current voltage value and the polarity state of the voltage values ​​at past times in the historical dataset to obtain the stable direction state of the target cable trench based on the historical dataset includes: Based on the historical dataset, the polarity distribution of the polarity states in the historical dataset is statistically analyzed to obtain the first polarity count and the second polarity count of the target cable trench. Based on the first polarity count and the second polarity count, a majority polarity decision is made on the polarity state at the sampling time in the historical dataset to obtain the historical data representative polarity of the target cable trench. The polarity of the current voltage value is compared with the polarity of the historical data to obtain the polarity verification result of the target cable trench. The polarity state verification result is accumulated and tracked over time. When the polarity state verification result is a polarity consistency identifier, the stable direction state of the target cable trench is obtained.

[0043] The polarity statistics module iterates through all three data nodes in the historical dataset of the target cable trench, identifies the polarity direction of each node, defines positive polarity as the first polarity and negative polarity as the second polarity, and excludes zero polarity from the count because it has no practical directional significance. A count accumulation operation is performed on each identified first polarity node and each identified second polarity node. The total number of positive polarity nodes obtained after accumulation is the first polarity count of the target cable trench, and the total number of negative polarity nodes obtained after accumulation is the second polarity count of the target cable trench.

[0044] The determination rules for majority polarity are set. If the first polarity count value of the target cable trench is greater than the second polarity count value, the first polarity is directly determined as the majority polarity in the historical dataset. If the second polarity count value of the target cable trench is greater than the first polarity count value, the second polarity is directly determined as the majority polarity in the historical dataset. If the first polarity count and the second polarity count value are equal, the last 50 three-dimensional data nodes in the historical dataset are extracted, the polarity is recounted, and the majority polarity is determined according to the aforementioned rules. If the polarity counts of the last 50 nodes are still equal, the first polarity is determined as the majority polarity by default. The majority polarity obtained by the final determination is directly determined as the representative polarity of the historical data of the target cable trench.

[0045] The voltage polarity detection module captures the current voltage value of the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench. The polarity is determined according to the rule that a voltage amplitude greater than 0V indicates positive polarity, a voltage amplitude less than 0V indicates negative polarity, and a voltage amplitude equal to 0V indicates zero polarity. The polarity of the current voltage value is then compared one-to-one with the historical data of the target cable trench to represent polarity. If the polarity types of the two are completely matched, a polarity consistency mark is generated; if the polarity types of the two are not matched, a polarity inconsistency mark is generated. The generated mark is the polarity status verification result of the target cable trench.

[0046] The preset threshold for continuous consistency of polarity state verification results is 50 times. The time-series accumulation tracking module continuously records and counts the polarity state verification results of each generated target cable trench in chronological order. When the verification result is a polarity consistent indicator, the continuous consistency count is incremented by 1. When the verification result is a polarity inconsistent indicator, the continuous consistency count is immediately reset to zero and the accumulation statistics start again. When the value of the continuous consistency count reaches the preset threshold of 50 times, the subsequent accumulation statistics operation stops, and the historical data of the target cable trench at this time is used to determine the polarity as the stable direction state of the target cable trench.

[0047] Pt.6. The stable direction state is latched to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench; In this embodiment of the invention, the step of latching the stable direction state to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench includes: Based on the polarity identifier of the stable direction state, state edge capture is performed on the stable direction state to obtain the state transition edge signal of the target cable trench; Based on the state transition edge signal, the state refresh scheduling of the direction state storage variable of the target cable trench is performed to obtain the latched direction state storage variable of the target cable trench. The latched direction state storage variable is monitored in a steady state to obtain the state pending identifier of the target cable trench; Based on the pending state identifier, the output drive is performed on the latched direction state storage variable to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench.

[0048] The edge capture module identifies the level signal corresponding to the polarity indicator of the stable direction state of the target cable trench. The positive polarity indicator is matched with a 3.3V high level and the negative polarity indicator is matched with a 0V low level. The module continuously monitors the level signal at 1ms intervals. When the level is detected to jump from 0V to 3.3V or from 3.3V to 0V, the level state after the jump is continuously verified for 2ms. After confirming that there is no level jitter, the edge capture is completed. The captured level jump signal is the state jump edge signal of the target cable trench.

[0049] The state transition signal of the target cable trench is used as the write enable trigger signal for the hardware storage register. This register is the physical carrier of the direction state storage variable of the target cable trench. When the write enable signal is triggered, the register opens the write operation permission and completely overwrites the polarity mark of the current stable direction state into the storage address of the register. After the write is completed, the register immediately closes the write operation permission and only retains the read operation permission. After the write is completed, the polarity mark data fixedly stored in the register is the latched direction state storage variable of the target cable trench.

[0050] The steady-state monitoring module performs 20 consecutive sampling reads of the latched direction state storage variable of the target cable trench at a fixed sampling interval of 5ms. It checks whether the polarity identifier of each read is completely consistent with the polarity identifier initially written to the register. If the results of 20 sampling reads are consistent with the initial value, it is determined that the latched direction state storage variable has achieved steady-state maintenance, and then a valid high-level 3.3V identifier is generated. This valid level identifier is the status pending identifier of the target cable trench.

[0051] The pending status flag of the target cable trench is used as the enable signal for the output drive module. When the pending status flag is detected as an effective level flag, the output drive module immediately starts working, converting the polarity flag in the latched direction status storage variable into a fault direction electrical signal that can be recognized by the receiver of the HC-10 cable sheath fault rapid location system. The positive polarity flag is converted into a 2.5V electrical signal representing the positive fault direction, and the negative polarity flag is converted into a 0.5V electrical signal representing the reverse fault direction. The converted electrical signal is amplified by the power amplifier module to the range of the receiver's signal reception threshold, and then transmitted to the receiver's display and recording unit through a dedicated signal transmission channel. The fault direction signal that is stably displayed and permanently recorded in the receiver is the direction determination result of the target cable trench.

[0052] Pt.7. Perform edge detection on the direction determination result. When a flip edge is detected in the direction determination result from the first polarity state to the second polarity state, the position of the flip is recorded and latched to obtain the approach prompt signal of the target cable trench.

[0053] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of edge detection of the direction determination result, and when a flip edge is detected in the direction determination result from a first polarity state to a second polarity state, the position of the flip is recorded and latched to obtain an approach warning signal for the target cable trench, includes: Trajectory tracking is performed on the polarity state sequence of the direction determination result to obtain the polarity change trajectory of the target cable trench; The polarity change trajectory is subjected to monotonic trend discrimination. When the polarity state in the polarity change trajectory changes from the first polarity state to the second polarity state and remains thereafter, it is determined that there is a monotonic trend feature, and the trend triggering identifier of the target cable trench is obtained. Based on the trend triggering identifier, the sampling time and sampling sequence number of the first occurrence of the second polarity state in the polarity change trajectory are written as the flip location into the position storage variable of the target cable trench to obtain the flip location anchoring record of the target cable trench. Based on the flipped position anchoring record, the target cable trench is mapped to an approximation interval to obtain an approximation prompt signal for the target cable trench.

[0054] The process of determining a monotonic trend in the polarity change trajectory, where the polarity state changes from a first polarity state to a second polarity state and remains thereafter, determines the existence of a monotonic trend characteristic and obtains a trend triggering identifier for the target cable trench, includes: Based on the sampling time sequence of polarity state changes in the polarity change trajectory, the trend intensity of the polarity change trajectory is quantified to obtain the trend intensity index of the target cable trench. The trend intensity index is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, The trend strength index, The sampling time sequence is the th The polarity state quantization value at each sampling time. The sampling time sequence is the th The duration of each sampling interval, The sampling time sequence is the th The polarity state quantization value at each sampling time. For the preset first Weighting coefficients for each sampling interval The total number of sampling intervals in the sampling time sequence. The number of times the polarity state in the sampling time sequence is continuously maintained in the second polarity state. This represents the total number of samples taken by the trend discrimination window in the polarity change trajectory. When the trend intensity index is greater than the preset trend threshold, it is determined that there is a monotonic trend feature, and the trend triggering identifier of the target cable trench is obtained.

[0055] The trajectory tracking module continuously collects the direction determination results of the target cable trench. A fixed sampling interval of 10ms is set, and the polarity state corresponding to each sampling is extracted in chronological order to form an ordered polarity state sequence. The module also associates the physical detection position information of the receiver of the HC-10 cable sheath fault rapid location system. Each sampling time, sampling number and corresponding polarity state and receiver detection position are bound one by one to form a continuous data trajectory containing time sequence information, polarity information and physical position information. This complete data trajectory is the polarity change trajectory of the target cable trench.

[0056] The trend discrimination module traverses all bound data nodes in the polarity change trajectory of the target cable trench. The threshold for continuously maintaining the second polarity state is preset to 30 times. Starting from the starting node of the trajectory, the module sequentially identifies the polarity state of each node. When the polarity of a node changes from the first polarity state to the second polarity state, the polarity state of subsequent nodes is continuously counted. If 30 consecutive nodes are in the second polarity state, it is immediately determined that the polarity change trajectory has a monotonic trend characteristic. The module then generates a high-level electrical signal with an amplitude of 3.3V and a duration of 100ms. This high-level electrical signal is the trend triggering identifier of the target cable trench.

[0057] The trend trigger identifier of the target cable trench is used as the write enable trigger signal for the hardware position storage register. When this high-level electrical signal triggers the write enable, the trajectory retrieval module performs a forward traversal retrieval of the polarity change trajectory, accurately locates the binding data node in the trajectory where the second polarity state appears for the first time, extracts the sampling time and sampling sequence number corresponding to the node, and writes these two pieces of information completely into the hardware register address corresponding to the position storage variable of the target cable trench according to the preset binary data format. After the writing is completed, the register performs a 3ms information verification. After confirming that there is no information loss or error, the writing operation is completed. The sampling time and sampling sequence number information stored in the hardware register is the flip position anchoring record of the target cable trench.

[0058] The interval mapping module associates and matches the sampling time and sampling sequence number in the target cable trench flip position anchoring record with the physical detection position information of the receiver of the HC-10 cable sheath fault rapid location system. It extracts the physical detection position of the cable trench corresponding to the receiver when the second polarity state first appears. Taking this physical position as the center, it extends 5 meters in both directions in front of and behind the cable trench to define the physical detection interval. The module converts the center position coordinates and interval range information of the interval into an electrical signal that the receiver can recognize. This electrical signal is set as a square wave pulse signal with an amplitude of 2.5V and a pulse width of 500ms. At the same time, the text and graphic labels of the physical interval are generated synchronously on the display unit of the receiver. The converted square wave pulse electrical signal and the text and graphic labels on the display unit together constitute the approach warning signal of the target cable trench.

[0059] The quantization assignment module performs fixed-value quantization on all polarity states in the polarity change trajectory of the target cable trench, uniformly assigning a value of 0 to the first polarity state and a value of 1 to the second polarity state, forming a quantized value for each sampling moment corresponding to the polarity state. Simultaneously, the complete sampling moment sequence in the polarity change trajectory is extracted, and the time difference between two adjacent sampling moments is calculated to obtain the duration of each sampling interval. The preset trend discrimination window is 99 sampling intervals corresponding to 100 sampling points. A fixed weight coefficient, linearly increasing from 0.1 to 1, is configured for each sampling interval within this window, based on the sampling order. The hardware data processing module then sequentially calculates the polarity state of each sampling interval. The ratio of the quantized value difference to the corresponding sampling interval duration is multiplied by the weight coefficient of the corresponding sampling interval to obtain the single interval calculation value. The single interval calculation values ​​of all sampling intervals within the window are accumulated to obtain the numerator accumulated value. The weight coefficients of all sampling intervals within the window are accumulated to obtain the denominator accumulated value. The numerator accumulated value and the denominator accumulated value are divided to obtain the first calculation result. The number of samplings in the sampling time sequence where the polarity state is continuously maintained in the second polarity state and the total number of samplings in the trend discrimination window are simultaneously counted. The ratio of the two is used as the second calculation result. The fixed value obtained by multiplying the first calculation result and the second calculation result is the trend intensity index of the target cable trench.

[0060] The preset threshold for determining the trend intensity index is 0.8. The hardware trend discrimination module accurately compares the trend intensity index of the target cable trench with this preset threshold. If the trend intensity index is greater than 0.8, it is immediately determined that the polarity change trajectory of the target cable trench has a monotonic trend. At the same time, a high-level electrical signal with an amplitude of 3.3V and a duration of 100ms is generated by a dedicated signal generation module. This high-level electrical signal is the trend triggering identifier of the target cable trench.

[0061] All parameters involved in calculating the trend strength index of the target cable trench are derived from actual collection and preset configuration data of the polarity change trajectory. Specifically, the quantized value of the polarity state at the i-th sampling moment in the sampling time sequence is generated by the quantization assignment module by quantizing the polarity state at each sampling moment within the polarity change trajectory with a fixed value. The first polarity state is quantized as 0, the second polarity state as 1, and the quantized value at each sampling moment corresponds one-to-one with the sampling moment. The duration of the i-th sampling interval in the sampling time sequence is obtained by the time difference calculation module, which sequentially extracts the time values ​​of two adjacent sampling moments in the sampling time sequence and calculates the time difference. The duration of each sampling interval corresponds one-to-one with the sampling interval number. The quantized value of the polarity state at the (i-1)-th sampling moment in the sampling time sequence is obtained in the same way as the quantized value of the polarity state at the i-th sampling moment. The polarity state quantification result corresponds to the sampling time; the weight coefficient of the i-th sampling interval is pre-configured by the system and increases linearly from 0.1 to 1 according to the sampling interval sequence, with each sampling interval's weight coefficient corresponding to the sampling interval number; the total number of sampling intervals in the sampling time sequence is obtained by the sampling interval statistics module counting the number of adjacent sampling times in the sampling time sequence, which is the total number of sampling intervals in the sampling time sequence; the number of sampling times in the sampling time sequence where the polarity state is continuously maintained in the second polarity state is obtained by the continuous statistics module traversing the sampling time sequence and counting the number of sampling times continuously assigned a value of 1; the total number of sampling times in the trend discrimination window in the polarity change trajectory is pre-set by the window configuration module to the number corresponding to 100 sampling points, which is the total number of sampling times participating in the calculation within the trend discrimination window.

[0062] The core of trend strength index calculation is to comprehensively reflect the trend and continuous maintenance characteristics of polarity state over time in the polarity change trajectory. By correlating the difference in the quantified value of polarity state of each sampling interval, the sampling interval duration, and the weighting coefficient, the trend contribution value of a single sampling interval is obtained. Then, the trend contribution values ​​of all sampling intervals are comprehensively weighted, and combined with the ratio of the number of continuous maintenance samplings of the second polarity state to the total number of samplings in the trend discrimination window, a quantified trend strength index value is finally formed. This value can accurately reflect the overall trend strength and stability of continuous maintenance after the polarity state changes from the first polarity state to the second polarity state. It provides a clear quantitative basis for subsequent judgment of whether there is a monotonic trend feature. When this value is greater than a preset threshold, it can be determined that the polarity change trajectory has a monotonic trend feature that meets the requirements, and then a corresponding trend triggering mark is generated, providing core data support for the approximate prompt of cable sheath fault location.

[0063] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a functional block diagram of an intelligent fault direction determination device for cable trench sheathing provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] The intelligent fault direction determination device for cable trench sheaths described in this invention can be installed in electronic devices. Depending on the functions implemented, the intelligent fault direction determination device for cable trench sheaths may include a bandpass filter module, a phase-sensitive detector module, a phase detection and conversion module, a sliding window data storage module, a voting direction determination module, a state latch module, and an edge latch module. The module described in this invention can also be called a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by the processor of an electronic device and can perform a fixed function, and are stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0065] In this embodiment, the functions of each module / unit are as follows: The bandpass filter module is used to perform digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench. The phase-sensitive detection module is used to perform synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench; The phase detection and voltage conversion module is used to perform polarity phase detection on the directional characteristic signal and to perform DC level conversion on the directional characteristic signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench. The sliding window data storage module is used to queue and store the current voltage value and polarity state of the real-time voltage waveform based on a preset sliding window, so as to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench. The voting direction determination module is used to perform majority voting logic judgment on the polarity state of the voltage value at the current moment and the polarity state of the voltage value at past moments in the historical dataset based on the historical dataset, so as to obtain the stable direction state of the target cable trench. The state latching module is used to latch the stable direction state to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench; The edge latching module is used to perform edge detection on the direction determination result. When the direction determination result is detected to have a flip edge from the first polarity state to the second polarity state, the position of the flip is recorded and latched to obtain the approach prompt signal of the target cable trench.

[0066] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and systems can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0067] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0068] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0069] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0070] This application embodiment can acquire and process relevant data based on artificial intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence is the theory, method, technology, and application system that uses digital computers or machines controlled by digital computers to simulate, extend, and expand human intelligence, perceive the environment, acquire knowledge, and use that knowledge to obtain optimal results.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligently determining the direction of faults in the cable trench sheath, characterized in that, The method includes: Pt.

1. Perform digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench. Pt.

2. Perform synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench; Pt.

3. Perform polarity phase detection on the directional characteristic signal and DC level conversion on the directional characteristic signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench; Pt.

4. Based on a preset sliding window, the current voltage value and polarity state of the real-time voltage waveform are queued and stored to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench. Pt.

5. Based on the historical dataset, a majority voting logic is used to determine the polarity state of the voltage value at the current moment and the polarity state of the voltage values ​​at past moments in the historical dataset to obtain the stable direction state of the target cable trench. Pt.

6. The stable direction state is latched to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench; Pt.

7. Perform edge detection on the direction determination result. When a flip edge is detected in the direction determination result from the first polarity state to the second polarity state, the position of the flip is recorded and latched to obtain the approach prompt signal of the target cable trench.

2. The intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench includes: The fault current characteristic frequency is extracted from the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the center frequency reference parameter of the target cable trench; Using the center frequency reference parameter as a reference, the original electromagnetic signal is truncated to obtain the intermediate filtered signal of the target cable trench; The purity of the intermediate filtered signal is quantitatively measured to obtain the signal quality assessment result of the target cable trench. Based on the signal quality assessment results, the truncation width of the original electromagnetic signal is dynamically adjusted to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench.

3. The intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench includes: The reference clock signal of the output pulse signal is extracted from the transmitter, and the reference clock signal is locked by a phase-locked loop to obtain the synchronous detection reference signal of the target cable trench. Based on the synchronous detection reference signal, the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed is subjected to carrier synchronous demodulation to obtain the same frequency demodulated signal of the target cable trench; During one period of the synchronous detection reference signal, the energy of the same frequency demodulated signal is accumulated to obtain the in-phase component accumulation value sequence of the target cable trench; Based on a preset amplitude threshold, the cumulative value sequence of the in-phase components is threshold-discriminated to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench.

4. The intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing polarity phase detection on the directional characteristic signal and DC level conversion on the directional characteristic signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench includes: An adaptive decision threshold for the target cable trench is constructed based on the instantaneous changes in the positive and negative peak values ​​of the directional feature signal. Based on the adaptive decision threshold, the zero-crossing timing of the direction feature signal is determined to obtain the direction indication pulse sequence of the target cable trench; The direction indicator pulse sequence is sorted by positive and negative pulse time slots to obtain the polarity separation pulse group of the target cable trench; Based on the polarity-separated pulse group, the charge pump energy storage circuit of the receiver is alternately charged and discharged to obtain the cumulative voltage amplitude of the target cable trench. The accumulated voltage amplitude is buffered and converted into a low-impedance bipolar DC voltage signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench.

5. The intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method, based on a preset sliding window, queues and stores the current voltage value and polarity state of the real-time voltage waveform to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench, including: Based on the preset sliding window, the window boundary of the real-time voltage waveform is locked to obtain the window acquisition range of the target cable trench; Within the window acquisition interval, the real-time voltage waveform is synchronously sampled and acquired to obtain the sampling time sequence, voltage amplitude, and polarity direction of the target cable trench; The sampling time sequence, the voltage amplitude, and the polarity direction are bound and paired to obtain the sampling data linked list of the target cable trench; Based on the queue depth threshold of the sliding window, the data sample depth of the sampling data linked list is controlled to obtain the sampling data queue of the target cable trench. The continuity of the sampling data queue is checked, and the missing data positions in the sampling data queue are repaired based on the time interval of the sampling time sequence to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench.

6. The intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the stable directional state of the target cable trench by performing a majority-voting logic judgment on the polarity state of the current voltage value and the polarity states of the voltage values ​​at past times in the historical dataset based on the historical dataset includes: Based on the historical dataset, the polarity distribution of the polarity states in the historical dataset is statistically analyzed to obtain the first polarity count and the second polarity count of the target cable trench. Based on the first polarity count and the second polarity count, a majority polarity decision is made on the polarity state at the sampling time in the historical dataset to obtain the historical data representative polarity of the target cable trench. The polarity of the current voltage value is compared with the polarity of the historical data to obtain the polarity verification result of the target cable trench. The polarity state verification result is accumulated and tracked over time. When the polarity state verification result is a polarity consistency identifier, the stable direction state of the target cable trench is obtained.

7. The intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of latching the stable direction state to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench includes: Based on the polarity identifier of the stable direction state, state edge capture is performed on the stable direction state to obtain the state transition edge signal of the target cable trench; Based on the state transition edge signal, the state refresh scheduling of the direction state storage variable of the target cable trench is performed to obtain the latched direction state storage variable of the target cable trench. The latched direction state storage variable is monitored in a steady state to obtain the state pending identifier of the target cable trench; Based on the pending state identifier, the output drive is performed on the latched direction state storage variable to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench.

8. The intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of edge detection on the direction determination result, wherein when a flip edge is detected in the direction determination result from the first polarity state to the second polarity state, the position of the flip is recorded and latched to obtain an approach warning signal for the target cable trench, includes: Trajectory tracking is performed on the polarity state sequence of the direction determination result to obtain the polarity change trajectory of the target cable trench; The polarity change trajectory is subjected to monotonic trend discrimination. When the polarity state in the polarity change trajectory changes from the first polarity state to the second polarity state and remains thereafter, it is determined that there is a monotonic trend feature, and the trend triggering identifier of the target cable trench is obtained. Based on the trend triggering identifier, the sampling time and sampling sequence number of the first occurrence of the second polarity state in the polarity change trajectory are written as the flip location into the position storage variable of the target cable trench to obtain the flip location anchoring record of the target cable trench. Based on the flipped position anchoring record, the target cable trench is mapped to an approximation interval to obtain an approximation prompt signal for the target cable trench.

9. The intelligent method for determining the direction of cable trench sheath faults as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The process of determining a monotonic trend in the polarity change trajectory, where the polarity state changes from a first polarity state to a second polarity state and remains thereafter, determines the existence of a monotonic trend characteristic and obtains a trend triggering identifier for the target cable trench, includes: Based on the sampling time sequence of polarity state changes in the polarity change trajectory, the trend intensity of the polarity change trajectory is quantified to obtain the trend intensity index of the target cable trench. The trend intensity index is calculated using the following formula: ； In the formula, The trend strength index, The sampling time sequence is the th The polarity state quantization value at each sampling time. The sampling time sequence is the th The duration of each sampling interval, The sampling time sequence is the th The polarity state quantization value at each sampling time. For the preset first Weighting coefficients for each sampling interval The total number of sampling intervals in the sampling time sequence. The number of times the polarity state in the sampling time sequence is continuously maintained in the second polarity state. This represents the total number of samples taken by the trend discrimination window in the polarity change trajectory. When the trend intensity index is greater than the preset trend threshold, it is determined that there is a monotonic trend feature, and the trend triggering identifier of the target cable trench is obtained.

10. An intelligent device for determining the direction of faults in cable trench sheaths, characterized in that, The device for implementing the intelligent fault direction determination method for cable trench sheath as described in claim 1 includes: A bandpass filter module is used to perform digital bandpass filtering on the original electromagnetic signal of the target cable trench to obtain the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed in the target cable trench. A phase-sensitive detection module is used to perform synchronous phase-sensitive detection on the electromagnetic signal to be analyzed, so as to obtain the directional characteristic signal of the target cable trench. The phase detection and voltage conversion module is used to perform polarity phase detection on the directional characteristic signal and to perform DC level conversion on the directional characteristic signal to obtain the real-time voltage waveform of the target cable trench. The sliding window data storage module is used to queue and store the current voltage value and polarity state of the real-time voltage waveform based on a preset sliding window, so as to obtain the historical dataset of the target cable trench. The voting direction determination module is used to perform majority voting logic judgment on the polarity state of the voltage value at the current moment and the polarity state of the voltage values ​​at past moments in the historical dataset based on the historical dataset, so as to obtain the stable direction state of the target cable trench. A state latching module is used to latch the stable direction state to obtain the direction determination result of the target cable trench. An edge latching module is used to perform edge detection on the direction determination result. When a flip edge is detected in the direction determination result from the first polarity state to the second polarity state, the position of the flip is recorded and latched to obtain the approach prompt signal of the target cable trench.

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