Calculation method of equivalent volume of dead man in hearth based on dissection and geometry of blast furnace

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry, belonging to the field of blast furnace ironmaking technology. The method includes: determining the actual macroscopic morphology of the deadweight column based on blast furnace hearth anatomy studies; constructing a geometric model of the deadweight column consistent with the actual macroscopic morphology; wherein the geometric model of the deadweight column consists of a right frustum at the top and an inverted frustum at the bottom; obtaining blast furnace parameters related to the calculation of the equivalent volume of the deadweight column; calculating the volumes of the right and inverted frustums based on the geometric model and blast furnace parameters; and adding the two volumes to obtain the equivalent volume of the deadweight column. This invention fills the gap in current methods for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth, has high practicality and universality, and can provide important reference for the calculation of the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the blast furnace hearth and for safe blast furnace production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blast furnace ironmaking technology, and in particular to a method for calculating the equivalent volume of the dead material column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, blast furnaces remain the mainstream, fast, and efficient technology, and their production stability and economic efficiency are unlikely to be completely replaced by other processes in the short term. Therefore, ensuring the safe, long-term, and stable operation of blast furnaces is a key task for steel companies to continuously reduce costs, increase efficiency, and achieve longevity goals. Among the factors affecting blast furnace lifespan, the hearth's operating state is the most crucial. Changes in the deadweight column within the hearth directly affect the flow and renewal process of molten iron, thereby altering the heat load distribution and local erosion intensity of the hearth sidewalls and bottom, leading to changes in erosion risk. An excessively large equivalent volume of the deadweight column may cause hearth inactivity, restricted local flow, and unstable tapping; an excessively small volume or unstable structure may increase molten iron flow and intensify local erosion. Therefore, accurately determining the equivalent volume of the deadweight column is of great significance for assessing hearth safety and extending hearth lifespan.

[0003] The blast furnace types in steel enterprises vary significantly, and the raw material conditions, tapping systems, and smelting intensities differ considerably across regions, resulting in distinct furnace-specific variations and fluctuations in the equivalent volume of the deadweight column. Furthermore, the hearth's interior is a complex environment characterized by high temperatures and indirect observation, making it difficult to obtain the equivalent volume of the deadweight column through direct measurement. On-site estimation typically relies on experience or indirect signal deduction, leading to highly subjective results and insufficient repeatability. Existing estimation methods often employ partitioned equivalence or fixed-morphology assumptions, failing to simultaneously consider the combined influence of structural and production parameters on the equivalent volume of the deadweight column, thus limiting their applicability and calculation accuracy. To achieve a unified and quantifiable evaluation of the equivalent volume of the deadweight column under different furnace types and operating conditions, and to provide a basis for convenient production control, there is an urgent need to propose a simple and adaptable method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the blast furnace hearth.

[0004] Patent application CN120180701A discloses a method, device, electronic equipment, and storage medium for assessing the state of dead material columns. This method divides the dead material column into stress concentration zones, loose zones, loose zones at the tuyere edge, and zones below the tuyere, based on preset partitions along the radius of the hearth. Patent application CN119673302A discloses an online method for calculating the porosity of dead material columns in the taphole region of a blast furnace hearth. This method calculates the porosity of the dead material columns by acquiring hearth geometric parameters, molten iron properties, tapping data, and dead material column state parameters. Patent application CN119197394A discloses a method and related equipment for determining the corner angle of dead material columns, using thermocouple temperature changes to determine the corner angle.

[0005] None of the above schemes have conducted in-depth research on the equivalent volume of the dead material column. Therefore, it is necessary to design a method for calculating the equivalent volume of the dead material column in the furnace hearth. This will provide direct guidance for controlling the equivalent volume of the dead material column in production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method for calculating the equivalent volume of the dead material column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry, in order to solve the technical problem that the existing methods for calculating the equivalent volume of the dead material column in the hearth are limited in their applicability and calculation accuracy.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: On one hand, the present invention provides a method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry, the method comprising: Based on the blast furnace hearth dissection study, the actual macroscopic morphology of the dead material column in the hearth was determined, and a geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth that is consistent with the actual macroscopic morphology of the dead material column in the hearth was constructed; wherein, the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth consists of two parts: a right frustum located at the top and an inverted frustum located at the bottom; Obtain blast furnace parameters related to the calculation of the equivalent volume of the dead material column in the hearth; Based on the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters, the volume of the frustum is calculated. Based on the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters, the volume of the inverted frustum is calculated; Adding the volumes of the right frustum and the inverted frustum gives the equivalent volume of the dead column.

[0008] Furthermore, the blast furnace parameters include: the distance from the center of the hearth to the outermost layer of the taphole, the distance from the center of the hearth to the hot surface of the tuyeres, the radius from the center of the hearth to the hot surface of the wall below the taphole, the height difference between the tuyeres and the taphole, the depth of the dead iron layer, the length of the tuyeres extending into the furnace, the number of tuyeres, the taphole angle, the taphole depth, the coal ratio, the daily iron production, the pulverized coal injection rate, the wind speed, the air volume, the oxygen quantity, the blast mass flow rate, and the blast kinetic energy.

[0009] Furthermore, the following boundary assumptions are adopted in the construction process of the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth: the shape of each region of the dead material column is treated as an ideal geometry; the dead material column is composed of an upper frustum and a lower inverted frustum; the front end of the taphole mud bag contacts the edge of the dead material column, with the taphole depth as the contact boundary; the dead material column is in a dynamic equilibrium state, and the coke entering the dead material column and the coke consumed by the dead material column are in dynamic equilibrium.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the geometric model of the deadweight column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters, the volume of the frustum is calculated, including: Calculate the radius of the dead material column in the air outlet section. r 1; Calculate the radius of the dead column section at the corner of the frustum of a circle. r and the height of the truncated cone h ; based on r 1. r as well as h Calculate the volume of a frustum of a circle. V 1: .

[0011] Furthermore, calculate the radius of the dead material column in the vent section. r 1. Includes: Calculate the depth of the air vent swirl zone D R : ; In the formula, E For blast energy; P C This refers to the amount of coal injected. n Number of air vents; in accordance with D R Calculate the radius of the dead material column in the cross-section of the air outlet. r 1: ; In the formula, The radius of the furnace hearth from the center of the tuyeres to the hot surface of the furnace wall; l 2 represents the distance from the front end of the vortex swirl zone to the edge of the dead material column; l 1 This refers to the length of the tuyeres inside the furnace.

[0012] Furthermore, l The value of 2 ranges from 0.2m to 1.0m.

[0013] Furthermore, calculate the radius of the dead column section at the corner of the frustum of a circle. r and the height of the truncated cone h ,include: Using geometric principles, and combining the taphole angle and taphole depth, the radius of the dead block in the taphole section is calculated. r 2 : ; In the formula, The radius from the center of the hearth to the outer side of the taphole in the taphole section; L The depth of the iron mouth; θ For the angle of the iron tip; Calculate the vertical height from the air outlet section to the iron tap section. h 1: ; In the formula, The vertical distance from the center line of the iron tap to the center line of the vent. according to r 2 and h 1. Calculate the inclination angle of the truncated cone of dead material column. α : ; Calculate the vertical distance from the taphole section to the corner of the dead block. h 2: ; In the formula, H It is the vertical distance from the center line of the taphole to the corner of the dead material column; Calculate the radius of the deadweight column at the corner of the deadweight column. r : ; Calculate the height of a frustum of a circle h : .

[0014] Furthermore, based on the geometric model of the deadweight column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters, the volume of the inverted frustum is calculated, including: Calculate the height of the inverted frustum h 3; Calculate the base radius of the truncated cone. r 3; based on r , h 3 and r 3. Calculate the volume of the inverted frustum. V 2: .

[0015] Furthermore, h The formula for calculating 3 is: ; In the formula, x This refers to the depth of erosion at the furnace bottom. h f This is the distance from the bottom surface of the inverted frustum to the bottom of the furnace; h i Design the dead iron layer depth for the hearth; r The formula for calculating 3 is: ; In the formula, β The angle of inclination of the inverted frustum. β The value range is 25° to 45°.

[0016] Furthermore, after obtaining the equivalent volume of the deadweight column, the method further includes: Calculate the ratio of the equivalent volume of the dead stock to the volume of the hearth.V p : ; in, V The equivalent volume of the deadweight column; V 0 represents the volume of the blast furnace hearth.

[0017] In another aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above-described method.

[0018] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above method.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention include at least the following: 1. This invention constructs a physical model of the dead material column in the hearth based on the actual morphology of the dead material column after dissection of multiple blast furnaces. The physical morphology is similar to the actual situation, the model is reliable, and it fits the actual situation.

[0020] 2. This invention uses geometric simulation to construct a dead material column morphology model. Using furnace hearth design parameters and production parameters as input, it quickly and quantitatively calculates the equivalent volume of the dead material column. It does not require partition equivalence and verification correction. The parameters are easy to obtain and can reduce subjectivity. Moreover, the calculation steps of this invention are standardized, which is suitable for comparative analysis of multiple furnace types and multiple working conditions, and facilitates engineering promotion and application.

[0021] 3. This invention can obtain the equivalent volume of the dead material column through model calculation, and can intuitively reflect the influence of changes in each input parameter on the equivalent volume of the dead material column during the calculation process. This enables the controllable parameters to be quickly located and adjusted in actual production, facilitating effective control of the dead material column and optimization of furnace conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the execution flow of the method for calculating the equivalent volume of the dead material column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the actual macroscopic morphology of the dead material column in the hearth; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a system block diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] First, it should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the words "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of the term "exemplarily" is intended to present the concept in a specific manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either one or the other.

[0026] First Embodiment

[0027] This embodiment provides a method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry. This method can be implemented using electronic equipment, such as a terminal or server. By constructing a geometric model consistent with the macroscopic morphology of the blast furnace anatomy and combining it with blast furnace design parameters, production parameters, and service characteristic parameters, this method achieves rapid and quantitative calculation of the equivalent volume of the deadweight column. Its execution flow is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes: S1. Based on the blast furnace hearth dissection study, the actual macroscopic morphology of the hearth dead material column is determined, and a geometric model of the hearth dead material column that is consistent with the actual macroscopic morphology of the hearth dead material column is constructed; wherein, the geometric model of the hearth dead material column consists of two parts: a right frustum located at the top and an inverted frustum located at the bottom. In this embodiment, the macroscopic morphology of the dead material column in the hearth obtained from previous blast furnace dissections is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, its shape is approximately a combination of a "right frustum and an inverted frustum". The geometric model of the dead material column constructed based on this is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. The following boundary assumptions were used in the construction of the geometric model of this dead stock column: The shape of each region of the dead material column is treated as an ideal geometric shape; the dead material column consists of an upper right truncated cone and a lower inverted truncated cone; the front end of the taphole mud bag contacts the edge of the dead material column, i.e., based on the taphole depth. L As the contact boundary, the dead stock is in a dynamic equilibrium state, and the coke entering the dead stock and the coke consumed by the dead stock are in dynamic equilibrium.

[0028] S2, obtain the blast furnace parameters related to the calculation of the equivalent volume of the dead material column in the hearth; In this embodiment, a certain 2580m3 Taking a blast furnace as an example, the parameters involved in calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column are summarized in Table 1. These parameters can be categorized into three types: blast furnace design parameters, boundary parameters, and production parameters. Design parameters are determined by the furnace structure and cannot be adjusted; boundary parameters need to be determined based on the actual service status of the blast furnace and monitoring information; production parameters are the main control variables affecting the characteristics of the swirl zone and the geometric boundary of the taphole, and are also the key to changing the equivalent volume of the deadweight column.

[0029] Table 1 Summary of parameters involved in the calculation of the equivalent volume of the dead material column

[0030] S3, Calculate the volume of the frustum based on the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters; Specifically, the calculation process for the volume of a frustum of a circle is as follows: S31. Calculate the depth of the tuyeres' swirl zone based on the constructed geometric model of the dead material column in the furnace hearth. D R : ; In the formula, D R The depth of the vortex vortex zone, in meters; E The energy of the blower is expressed in kg·m / s. P C This refers to the amount of pulverized coal injected, in tons per hour (t / h). n The number of air vents, in units of one.

[0031] Blowering kinetic energy E The calculation formula is: ; In the formula, E The energy of the blower is expressed in kg·m / s. m This refers to the blower mass flow rate, expressed in kg / s. v Wind speed, in m / s.

[0032] Blower mass flow rate m The calculation formula is: ; In the formula, m This refers to the blower mass flow rate, expressed in kg / s. V B Air volume, unit m 3 / min; Oxygen content, unit: m 3 / min.

[0033] S32, according to D RCalculate the radius of the dead material column in the cross-section of the air outlet. r 1: ; In the formula, The radius of the tuyere cross-section from the center of the furnace hearth to the hot surface of the furnace wall, in meters; l 2 represents the distance from the front end of the vortex swirl zone to the edge of the dead material column, in meters (m). l 1 represents the length of the tuyeres inside the furnace, in meters (m). It should be noted that dissections of multiple blast furnaces indicate that the distance from the front end of the tuyeres' swirling zone to the dead material column is... l 2 is generally between 0.2 and 1.0 m. In this embodiment, l The calculation baseline value for 2 is 0.5m.

[0034] S33, using geometric principles and combining the taphole angle and taphole depth, calculates the radius of the dead block in the taphole cross-section. r 2 : ; In the formula, The radius of the taphole cross-section from the center of the hearth to the outer side of the taphole, in meters; L The depth of the taphole, in meters (m). θ The angle of the iron taphole is expressed in degrees (°).

[0035] S34, Calculate the vertical height from the vent section to the tap section. h 1: ; In the formula, The vertical distance from the center line of the iron tap to the center line of the vent is expressed in meters (m).

[0036] S35, according to r 2 and h 1. Calculate the inclination angle of the truncated cone of dead material column. α : ; The position of the dead stock corner is determined based on the thermocouple temperature levels at different heights on the hearth sidewall, thus obtaining the vertical distance from the taphole to the corner. H Based on this, the radius of the dead column section at the corner of the frustum of a circle can be calculated. r Then the volume of the frustum of a circle can be calculated. V 1. Specifically as follows: S36, Calculate the vertical distance from the taphole section to the corner of the dead block. h 2: ; In the formula, HThis is the vertical distance from the center line of the taphole to the corner of the dead material column, in meters (m). It should be noted that the vertical distance from the corner of the dead material column to the center line of the taphole is... H The temperature is determined by the thermocouple temperature at different heights along the furnace hearth sidewall. This embodiment uses a 2580m... 3 The highest temperature of the circumferential thermocouple in the blast furnace hearth occurs at a point 2.2m below the taphole; therefore, [the location is selected as the reference point]. H =2.2m is used as the calculation baseline value in this embodiment.

[0037] S37, Calculate the radius of the deadweight column at the corner of the deadweight column section. r : ; S38, Calculate the height of the frustum of a circle. h : ; In the formula, h The height of the upper frustum of the dead material column is in meters (m).

[0038] S39, based on r 1. r as well as h Calculate the volume of a frustum of a circle. V 1: .

[0039] S4. Calculate the volume of the inverted frustum based on the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters; Specifically, the calculation process for the volume of a truncated cone is as follows: S41, Calculate the height of the inverted frustum. h 3: ; In the formula, x The depth of erosion at the furnace bottom is expressed in meters (m). h f The distance from the bottom surface of the inverted frustum of the dead material column to the furnace bottom (i.e., the floating height of the dead material column), in meters; h i The depth of the dead iron layer in the hearth is designed, in meters (m).

[0040] It should be noted that the furnace bottom erosion depth x The temperature was determined based on the thermocouple temperature data at the furnace bottom and the principle of one-dimensional heat transfer. The selected temperature range in this embodiment is 2580m. 3 Based on the thermocouple temperature data of the blast furnace bottom and the principle of one-dimensional heat transfer, the erosion depth of the blast furnace bottom was calculated to be 473 mm. For ease of calculation, the erosion depth of the blast furnace bottom in this embodiment is [not specified]. xThe value is taken as 500mm. Furthermore, the dead iron layer depth in most blast furnaces is approximately 19.7% to 23.3% of the hearth diameter, indicating a relatively shallow dead iron layer. The dead material column settles at the bottom of the furnace. In this embodiment, h f Take 0 m.

[0041] S42, Calculate the bottom radius of the truncated cone. r 3: ; In the formula, β The angle of inverted frustum is expressed in degrees. It should be noted that, based on the dissection results of multiple blast furnace hearths, the angle of inverted frustum at the lower part of the dead material column is... β The angle is 25° to 45°. In this embodiment, β Take 35°.

[0042] S43, based on r , h 3 and r 3. Calculate the volume of the inverted frustum. V 2: .

[0043] S5. Add the volumes of the right frustum and the inverted frustum to obtain the equivalent volume of the dead material column, as shown in the following formula:

[0044] In the formula, V This represents the equivalent volume of the deadweight column.

[0045] S6, Calculate the ratio of the equivalent volume of the dead material column to the hearth volume. V p : ; In the formula, V p The percentage of the equivalent volume of the dead stock to the volume of the hearth, expressed as % V 0 represents the volume of the blast furnace hearth, in meters. 3 .

[0046] The final calculation results are shown in Table 2.

[0047] Table 2 Calculation results of physical morphological parameters of dead material column

[0048] Based on the calculation results in Table 2, for the 2580m selected in this embodiment... 3 For blast furnaces, the radius of the dead material column in the tuyere section r 1 = 3.420 m, radius of dead stock at the taphole section r2 = 3.583 m, radius at the corner section of the dead material column r 3 = 3.639m. Inclination angle of the upper part of the frustum of the deadweight column. α =88.017°, indicating that the upper part of the deadweight column is relatively "steep". The equivalent volume of the deadweight column... V =242.6 m 3 It occupies approximately 47.2% of the furnace hearth volume.

[0049] Based on the above results, it can be concluded that the equivalent volume of the dead material column in this furnace is close to half of the effective space of the hearth. V p =47.2%), meaning that the dead charge column has a significant constraining effect on the hot metal renewal channel and active volume in the hearth; at the same time, due to α Approaching 90° and r 1. r 2. r The variation with height is not significant, so the upper part of the dead material column of this furnace can be understood as "an approximately straight-walled frustum", which facilitates comparative evaluation and trend tracking under different furnace types and operating conditions.

[0050] In summary, this embodiment provides a method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry. This method can establish a geometric model of "truncated cone + inverted cone" that closely resembles the actual shape based on the anatomical macroscopic morphology, and directly output the equivalent volume of the deadweight column and its proportion through standardized steps. This can be used for quantitative characterization of the hearth's operating state and furnace type benchmarking. This method focuses on geometric simulation, has relatively easy-to-obtain parameters, reduces subjectivity, and its calculation process can be extended to blast furnaces of different volumes and operating conditions. It fills the gap in "quantifiable calculation methods for the equivalent volume of the deadweight column," providing a direct and reusable technical tool and basis for deadweight column control and furnace condition stability optimization.

[0051] Second Embodiment

[0052] This embodiment provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device includes a processor and a memory; wherein the processor and the memory can be connected via a communication bus; the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method of the first embodiment described above. Furthermore, the electronic device may also include a transceiver, the processor and the transceiver can be connected via a communication bus, and the transceiver is used to communicate with other devices.

[0053] Below, in conjunction with Figure 4 A detailed introduction to each component of this electronic device is provided below: The processor is the control center of the electronic device. The electronic device may include multiple processors, each of which can be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). The term "processor" can refer to a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, a processor can be one or more central processing units (CPUs), other general-purpose processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor can perform various functions of the electronic device by running or executing software programs stored in memory and by calling data stored in memory.

[0054] In a specific implementation, as one example, the processor may include one or more CPUs, for example... Figure 4 CPU0 and CPU1 shown are, of course, merely illustrative examples.

[0055] The memory is used to store the software program that executes the solution of the present invention, and the processor controls its execution. For specific implementation methods, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0056] Optionally, the memory may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. The memory may be integrated with the processor or exist independently, and may be accessed through the interface circuit of the electronic device ( Figure 4 (Not shown in the image) is coupled to the processor; however, this embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0057] The transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter. Figure 4 (Not shown separately). The receiver is used to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement the transmitting function. The transceiver can be integrated with the processor or exist independently, and can be connected through the interface circuit of the electronic device (…). Figure 4 (Not shown in the image) is coupled to the processor, and this embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit this.

[0058] In addition, it should be noted that, Figure 4 The structure of the electronic device shown is not intended to limit the device. Actual devices may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements. Furthermore, the technical effects achieved by this electronic device when performing the method of the first embodiment described above can be referenced to the technical effects described in the first embodiment; therefore, they will not be repeated here.

[0059] Third Embodiment

[0060] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method of the first embodiment described above. The computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, or optical data storage device, etc. The instruction stored therein can be loaded and executed by a processor in a terminal.

[0061] Furthermore, it should be noted that the present invention can be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention can take the form of a completely or partially hardware embodiment, a completely or partially software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, when implemented in software, embodiments of the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media containing computer-usable program code. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any usable medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center containing one or more sets of usable media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive (SSD).

[0062] Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0063] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1The functions specified in one or more boxes. These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0064] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element. Furthermore, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this text generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following objects, but it can also indicate an "AND / OR" relationship. Please refer to the context for specific interpretations. "At least one" refers to one or more items, while "more than" refers to two or more items. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can be represented as: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0065] Furthermore, it is understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the order of the above-mentioned process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0067] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of functional modules / units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the shown or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms. Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Additionally, the functional units in the various embodiments of this invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0068] If the method is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the basic inventive concept of the present invention, can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles described herein. These improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry, characterized in that, The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry includes: Based on the blast furnace hearth dissection study, the actual macroscopic morphology of the dead material column in the hearth was determined, and a geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth that is consistent with the actual macroscopic morphology of the dead material column in the hearth was constructed; wherein, the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth consists of two parts: a right frustum located at the top and an inverted frustum located at the bottom; Obtain blast furnace parameters related to the calculation of the equivalent volume of the dead material column in the hearth; Based on the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters, the volume of the frustum is calculated; Based on the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters, the volume of the inverted frustum is calculated; Adding the volumes of the right frustum and the inverted frustum gives the equivalent volume of the dead column.

2. The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The blast furnace parameters include: distance from the center of the hearth to the outermost layer of the taphole, distance from the center of the hearth to the hot surface of the tuyeres, radius from the center of the hearth to the hot surface of the wall below the taphole, height difference between the tuyeres and the taphole, depth of the dead iron layer, length of the tuyeres extending into the furnace, number of tuyeres, taphole angle, taphole depth, coal ratio, daily iron production, pulverized coal injection, wind speed, air volume, oxygen quantity, blast mass flow rate, and blast kinetic energy.

3. The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The following boundary assumptions are adopted in the construction of the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth: the shape of each region of the dead material column is treated as an ideal geometry; the dead material column is composed of an upper truncated cone and a lower inverted cone; the front end of the taphole mud bag contacts the edge of the dead material column, with the taphole depth as the contact boundary; the dead material column is in a dynamic equilibrium state, and the coke entering the dead material column and the coke consumed by the dead material column are in dynamic equilibrium.

4. The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters, the volume of the frustum is calculated, including: Calculate the radius of the dead material column in the air outlet section. r 1; Calculate the radius of the dead column section at the corner of the frustum of a circle. r and the height of the truncated cone h ; based on r 1. r as well as h Calculate the volume of a frustum of a circle. V 1: .

5. The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Calculate the radius of the dead material column in the air outlet section. r 1. Includes: Calculate the depth of the air vent swirl zone D R : ； In the formula, E For blast energy; P C This refers to the amount of coal injected. n Number of air vents; in accordance with D R Calculate the radius of the dead material column in the cross-section of the air outlet. r 1: ； In the formula, The radius of the furnace hearth from the center of the tuyeres to the hot surface of the furnace wall; l 2 represents the distance from the front end of the vortex swirl zone to the edge of the dead material column; l 1 This refers to the length of the tuyeres inside the furnace.

6. The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry as described in claim 5, characterized in that, l The value of 2 ranges from 0.2m to 1.0m.

7. The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Calculate the radius of the dead column section at the corner of the frustum of a circle. r and the height of the truncated cone h ,include: Using geometric principles, and combining the taphole angle and taphole depth, the radius of the dead block in the taphole section is calculated. r 2 : ； In the formula, The radius from the center of the hearth to the outer side of the taphole in the taphole section; L The depth of the iron mouth; θ For the angle of the iron tip; Calculate the vertical height from the air outlet section to the iron tap section. h 1: ； In the formula, The vertical distance from the center line of the iron tap to the center line of the vent. according to r 2 and h 1. Calculate the inclination angle of the truncated cone of dead material column. α : ； Calculate the vertical distance from the taphole section to the corner of the dead block. h 2: ； In the formula, H It is the vertical distance from the center line of the taphole to the corner of the dead material column; Calculate the radius of the deadweight column at the corner of the deadweight column. r : ； Calculate the height of a frustum of a circle h : .

8. The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the geometric model of the dead material column in the hearth and the blast furnace parameters, the volume of the inverted frustum is calculated, including: Calculate the height of the inverted frustum h 3; Calculate the base radius of the truncated cone. r 3; based on r , h 3 and r 3. Calculate the volume of the inverted frustum. V 2: .

9. The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry as described in claim 8, characterized in that, h The formula for calculating 3 is: ； In the formula, x This refers to the depth of erosion at the furnace bottom. h f This is the distance from the bottom surface of the inverted frustum to the bottom of the furnace; h i Design the dead iron layer depth for the hearth; r The formula for calculating 3 is: ； In the formula, β The angle of inclination of the inverted frustum. β The value range is 25° to 45°.

10. The method for calculating the equivalent volume of the deadweight column in the hearth based on blast furnace anatomy and geometry as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the equivalent volume of the deadweight column, the method further includes: Calculate the ratio of the equivalent volume of the dead stock to the volume of the hearth. V p : ； in, V The equivalent volume of the deadweight column; V 0 represents the volume of the blast furnace hearth.

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