Endoscopic foreign body retrieval dilation device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and provides an endoscopic foreign body extraction and expansion device. The application comprises a pair of expansion assemblies and a limiting assembly. The expansion assemblies are located on both sides of the clamping surface of a foreign body forceps, and are used to expand the inner wall of a digestive organ along the long axis direction of the foreign body. The limiting assembly is located outside the expansion assemblies, and limits the expansion direction of the expansion assemblies along the short axis direction of the foreign body. The cross section of the limiting assembly is a hollow H-shaped structure, and the H-shaped structure is filled with the expansion assemblies. The ends of the transverse part of the H-shaped structure are provided with sliding members, and the inside of the H-shaped structure is provided with sliding grooves. The sliding members can slide along the extension direction of the transverse part of the H-shaped structure along with the expansion of the expansion assemblies. The vertical part of the H-shaped structure is provided with an expansion through hole, and the expansion through hole is a through hole parallel to the extension direction of the transverse part of the H-shaped structure. The above arrangement realizes directional expansion along the long axis of the foreign body, and reduces the risk of tissue damage in the operation of extracting the impacted foreign body in the digestive tract.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically providing an endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device. Background Technology

[0002] In clinical practice, gastroenterologists frequently encounter patients who have accidentally swallowed foreign objects such as fish bones or dentures, which become lodged in their esophagus. While traditional tools like snares and forceps can remove some of these objects, for those that are embedded in the esophageal wall at both ends, these tools typically only allow for longitudinal pulling. For objects already embedded and lodged, removal is often difficult in clinical practice, and forcibly pulling them out is strongly discouraged as it risks perforation or bleeding. In clinical practice, sharp foreign objects such as fish bones often become horizontally embedded in the esophageal wall. Endoscopic removal of these objects is challenging due to the narrow esophageal lumen, making it difficult to pull out both ends with traditional tools. This often necessitates major surgery for removal. However, surgical removal of foreign objects has disadvantages compared to endoscopic methods, including greater trauma, higher medical costs, longer hospital stays, and slower patient recovery. The prior art CN223299144U provides an expandable foreign body forceps, including an outer tube and a forceps body. One end of the outer tube is provided with a limiting component, and the other end of the outer tube is provided with an expansion component. The expansion component includes a first slot opened at one end of the outer tube, an expansion air tube disposed in the first slot, an expansion air bag fixedly connected to one end of the expansion air tube, a three-way tube fixedly connected to one end of the expansion air tube, a syringe fixedly connected to one end of the three-way tube, an expansion valve disposed at one end of the three-way tube, a cylinder fixedly installed at one end of the outer tube, a rotating plate rotatably installed on the outer surface of the cylinder, an arc-shaped plate fixedly installed on one side of the rotating plate, and an anti-slip pad fixedly installed on the inner surface of the arc-shaped plate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to achieve precise directional expansion along the long axis of the foreign body, significantly reducing the risk of tissue damage during the removal of impacted foreign bodies from the digestive tract. Secondly, it simplifies the procedure, improving the safety and efficiency of removing long, thin foreign bodies.

[0004] An endoscopic foreign body retrieval dilation device includes an endoscopic catheter, a foreign body forceps, and a dilator. The dilator includes a pair of dilation components and a limiting component. The dilation components are located on both sides of the clamping surface of the foreign body forceps and are used to dilate the inner wall of the digestive organ along the long axis of the foreign body. The limiting component is located outside the dilation components and constrains the dilation direction of the dilation components along the short axis of the foreign body, causing it to dilate mainly along the long axis. The cross-section of the limiting component is a hollow I-shaped structure, and the interior of the I-shaped structure is filled with the dilation components. Each end of the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure is provided with a sliding member. The interior of the I-shaped structure is provided with a sliding groove. The ends of the sliding groove and the sliding member mating surfaces are provided with limiting protrusions to limit the stroke of the sliding members. The sliding members can slide along the extension direction of the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure as the dilation components dilate. The vertical portion of the I-shaped structure is provided with an expansion through hole, which is a through hole parallel to the extension direction of the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure.

[0005] The core of this device lies in the separate dilators on either side of the foreign body forceps. The endoscopic catheter provides access to the digestive tract for both the forceps and dilators. When a foreign object, such as a date pit or fish bone, becomes lodged in the esophagus or intestinal wall, the operator guides the endoscope to the target location. At this point, a pair of dilators located on either side of the forceps' gripping surface begin to function. These dilators apply dilation force along the long axis of the foreign object, parallel to its length, stretching the walls of surrounding digestive organs, such as the esophageal mucosa, to expose the adhesion or embedment point between the foreign object and the tissue wall. Simultaneously, a limiting component, a crucial structural restraint, has a hollowed-out I-shaped cross-section. The dilators are filled within this I-shaped structure. When the dilators expand or extend, the vertical portion of the I-shaped structure restricts excessive expansion along the short axis, perpendicular to the length of the foreign object, preventing damage to unimpacted lateral wall tissues (the lateral walls of the anterior chest and posterior back) and deformation of the foreign object. The sliding parts at both ends of the transverse section of the I-shaped structure and the internal sliding groove enable the sliding parts to slide along the extension direction of the transverse section during expansion, providing necessary synchronous radial restraint for expansion, while maintaining the radial structural stability of the entire expander.

[0006] The I-shaped limiting component concentrates the expansion force along the long axis of the foreign object, effectively preventing expansion of the dilator along the short axis. This significantly reduces the risk of traction and compression damage to non-target areas of the digestive organ wall, as well as the impact on foreign object retrieval operations. The cooperation between the sliding element and the sliding groove extends the length of the limiting structure along the long axis, ensuring continuous short-axis limiting of the second expansion portion during expansion, making it suitable for narrow or curved luminal environments.

[0007] Preferably, the expansion component includes a first expansion portion and a second expansion portion. The first expansion portion fills the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure, and the end of the first expansion portion is a slider. When the first expansion portion expands, the slider slides along the extension direction of the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure. The second expansion portion is located in the expansion through hole, and the two sides of the second expansion portion are restricted by the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure and the slider.

[0008] The first expansion portion fills the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure, with a slider at its end. The second expansion portion is located within the expansion through-hole of the vertical portion of the I-shaped structure. When the expansion assembly is driven, such as by pressurization or mechanical actuation, the first and second expansion portions begin to expand simultaneously. The volume of the first expansion portion increases, pushing the slider outward along the sliding groove, thereby increasing the effective length of the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure. At the same time, the second expansion portion extends outward within the expansion through-hole, its sides constrained by the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure, including the extended portion and the slider, while undergoing dynamic accompanying guidance: as the first expansion portion continues to extend, the transverse portion always restricts the second expansion portion, forcing the second expansion portion to move outward only along the long axis direction defined by the expansion through-hole.

[0009] Preferably, the expansion assembly also includes a connecting portion located in the vertical section of the I-shaped structure and connecting the first expansion portion and the second expansion portion. The connecting portion is a rigid structure, while the first and second expansion portions are flexible structures. A pressure valve is fixed to the inner side of the connecting portion, separating the cavities of the first and second expansion portions. The conduction pressure of the pressure valve matches the frictional resistance of the sliding element. The connecting portion spatially connects the cavities of the first and second expansion portions into one unit, but the pressure valve separates the two cavities in terms of fluid flow, preventing the medium from flowing freely when the pressure valve is not conducting.

[0010] The internal pressure of the first dilation section pushes the sliding element to overcome friction and slide outward, extending the I-shaped transverse portion; the internal pressure of the second dilation section causes it to expand outward, dilating the tissue. The pressure valve is a flexible membrane connecting the two ends, with an opening and closing slit in the middle. The pressurization tube extends along the endoscopic catheter, with one end connected to the interior of the first dilation section. During the procedure, the doctor injects the medium through the pressurization tube. When the conduction pressure of the opening and closing slit of the pressure valve is equal to the internal pressure of the first dilation section that allows the sliding element to overcome friction and slide outward, the opening and closing slit of the pressure valve is open, allowing the medium to enter the first and second dilation sections simultaneously. The elasticity of the second dilation section must match the elasticity of the first dilation section and the coefficient of friction of the sliding element to achieve synchronous expansion. When the injection of medium through the pressurization tube is stopped, if an imbalance occurs in the pressure on both sides due to differences in tissue resistance, the opening and closing slit will dynamically adjust its opening: for example, if the resistance of the second dilation section increases, causing its internal pressure to be higher than that of the first dilation section, the opening and closing slit will not open due to the pressure difference, preventing the second dilation section from over-pressuring and damaging the tissue.

[0011] The above setup achieves pressure adaptive balancing through a flexible valve, enabling simultaneous expansion. Physicians only need to control the total injection volume or total pressure, eliminating the need to control the two expansion sections separately. The valve's opening and closing slits passively adjust based on the real-time pressure difference between the two sides, automatically compensating for pressure fluctuations caused by uneven tissue distribution or changes in friction between sliding components. This mechanism simplifies operation and improves safety. When the second expansion section encounters a non-expandable rigid impingement, the pressure valve will close due to excessive pressure in the second expansion section, limiting further pressure increase and preventing tissue tearing. Simultaneously, the first expansion section can still extend appropriately to adjust its limiting posture.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure valve is a flexible membrane connecting both ends, and the flexible membrane has an opening and closing slit in the middle that opens and closes when the pressure difference between the two sides reaches a preset threshold. The dilation device also includes a pressure tube that extends along the endoscopic catheter, and one end of the pressure tube is connected to the interior of the first dilation section.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting component has a hinge shaft on the outer side of one end near the endoscope catheter, the hinge shaft connects the limiting component and the endoscope catheter, and the inner side of the limiting component near the endoscope catheter is a free end, so that the limiting component can open in the same direction as the foreign body forceps.

[0014] The limiting assembly is connected to the endoscopic catheter via a hinge axis on its outer side near the endoscope catheter, while its inner side is the free end. This hinged design allows the entire limiting assembly, along with its internal expansion assembly, to open outwards in the same direction as the foreign body forceps, using the hinge axis as a fulcrum. When the device enters the digestive tract, the limiting assembly and the foreign body forceps remain closed to reduce volume.

[0015] The unidirectional movement of the limiting component and the foreign body forceps ensures that the dilator is always optimally positioned on both sides of the foreign body gripping surface, without interfering with the opening and closing of the jaws. Simultaneously, the hinged connection allows the limiting component to adaptively adjust its angle according to the natural curvature of the digestive organ's inner wall and the posture of the foreign body forceps. The free end on the inner side allows for this opening action and enables the dilator to better accommodate foreign bodies with large short-axis dimensions, creating favorable alignment conditions for subsequent dilation and extraction.

[0016] Preferably, the end of the limiting component away from the endoscopic catheter surrounds the dilator, restricting the dilator from expanding distally into the endoscopic catheter. The distal end of the limiting component surrounds the dilator. This distal structure forms an "L" or "U" shaped enclosure, which functions to restrict the dilator from expanding distally (anteriorly) into the endoscopic catheter.

[0017] During the simultaneous expansion of the first and second expansion portions, the first expansion portion pushes the slider to extend the I-shaped lateral portion to both sides, while the second expansion portion expands the tissue along its long axis. Without distal restraint, the second expansion portion might bulge forward (distally) while expanding outward. In this design, the distal portion of the limiting component physically blocks the distal displacement of the second expansion portion, forcing its expansion force to act entirely on the lateral expansion.

[0018] This feature, combined with the simultaneous expansion mechanism, enables pure lateral expansion. While the first expansion section dynamically extends and becomes laterally confined, the distal portion of the confining component ensures that the second expansion section does not bulge distally. This facilitates the removal of foreign objects and prevents them from being pushed further away during expansion.

[0019] Preferably, the first expansion portion is equipped with a pressure sensor, and the second expansion portion is equipped with at least two parallel rollers and a drive device. The drive device is located in the vertical part of the I-shaped structure and is electrically connected to the pressure sensor. The rollers are located on both sides of the drive device and can move along the expansion direction of the second expansion portion under the action of the drive device.

[0020] A pressure sensor inside the first expansion section detects whether the pressure in the first expansion section reaches the pressure threshold for pushing the slider. Simultaneously, the pressure sensor transmits an electrical signal to the drive device of the second expansion section. The second expansion section contains at least two parallel rollers and a drive device, such as a micro motor or piezoelectric actuator. The drive device is fixed to the vertical portion of the I-shaped structure, with the rollers symmetrically distributed on both sides of the drive device. An extension rod is located on the side of the rollers away from the drive device; one end of the extension rod abuts against the roller, and the other end abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion section, contacting the flexible portion of the tissue.

[0021] When the pressure of the first expansion section reaches the pressure threshold for pushing the slider, the drive device receives a signal from the pressure sensor and pushes the rollers to both sides. During the pushing process, the rollers roll outward along the inner wall of the second expansion section. The rolling motion of the rollers is converted into a smooth thrust on the expansion end of the second expansion section through the extension rod, forcing the second expansion section to extend outward.

[0022] Preferably, the second expansion section also includes an extension rod located on the side of the roller furthest from the drive mechanism. One end of the extension rod abuts against the roller, and the other end abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion section. The extension rod addresses the issue of limited roller stroke, converting the displacement at the roller into the required displacement at the expansion end, while providing stable linear thrust and preventing the flexible expansion end from bending under stress. The end of the extension rod can be designed with a certain curvature to better conform to the internal contour of the second expansion section, thereby dispersing the concentrated force of the roller into thrust on the surface area, further reducing local pressure on the expansion end and improving patient comfort and safety.

[0023] Preferably, the first expansion portion is equipped with a pressure sensor, and the second expansion portion is equipped with at least one pair of elastic bodies and a driving device. The driving device is located in the vertical part of the I-shaped structure and is electrically connected to the pressure sensor. The elastic bodies are located on both sides of the driving device, with one end of the elastic body abutting against the driving device and the other end of the elastic body abutting against the expansion end of the second expansion portion. The elastic body can be compressed or stretched under the action of the driving device.

[0024] A pressure sensor inside the first expansion section detects whether the pressure in the first expansion section reaches the pressure threshold for pushing the slider. Simultaneously, the pressure sensor transmits an electrical signal to the drive device of the second expansion section. When the pressure in the first expansion section reaches the pressure threshold for pushing the slider, the drive device receives the signal from the pressure sensor and pushes the slider to both sides. Under normal conditions, the elastomer is in a compressed state, storing elastic potential energy. Upon receiving the electrical signal, the drive device releases the compression of the elastomer, causing it to deform. Its restoring force is transmitted to the expansion end of the second expansion section through the extension rod, pushing it to expand outward. For example, a shape memory alloy can be compressed and heated to restore its shape under normal conditions, or a spring can be compressed by a magnet and then restored by applying a magnetic field with opposite magnetism.

[0025] Unlike rigid rollers, elastomers provide a progressive force. They can offer compliant thrust under varying expansion resistances, automatically matching the compliance of the digestive tract wall. This automatic compensation for the compliance of the digestive organ's inner wall increases thrust when encountering hard tissue and decreases thrust when encountering soft tissue. This adaptive characteristic reduces the risk of tissue tearing due to improper manipulation by doctors.

[0026] Preferably, the second expansion portion is further provided with an extension rod, which is located on the side of the elastic body away from the driving device. One end of the extension rod abuts against the elastic body, and the other end of the extension rod abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion portion.

[0027] This invention offers the following significant advantages: Improved expansion safety: The limiting component restricts the expansion force to act only along the long axis of the foreign body, preventing excessive expansion along the short axis that could damage non-target tissues or deform the foreign body. The sliding component and sliding groove can adapt to narrow and curved digestive tract lumens, and the distal limiting structure prevents the expansion component from bulging into the distal digestive tract, avoiding pushing the foreign body to a deeper location. Reduced operational difficulty: The pressure valve structure allows for adaptive synchronous expansion of the two expansion components, requiring only the physician to control the total injection pressure without separate adjustments. Automatic pressure limiting is available in cases of hard impaction. Prevention of tissue tearing: Three selectable drive options—pressure, roller, or elastomer—can meet different operational needs, such as precise synchronous expansion or adaptive tissue compliance. The articulated limiting component can open and close in the same direction as the foreign body forceps, without interfering with the forceps' gripping action. It also adapts to the natural curvature of the digestive tract, accommodating foreign bodies of different sizes. Overall, this significantly reduces the trauma risk and operational threshold for removing long, embedded foreign bodies such as date pits and fish bones. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a side view of an endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a radial cross-sectional view of an endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device.

[0032] Figure 4 This is an axial cross-sectional view of an endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a radial sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is an axial sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a radial sectional view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the foreign body clamp and expander of the present invention in an open position.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a side view of the foreign body clamp and expander of the present invention in an open position.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0039] Legend: 1 Endoscopic catheter; 2 Limiting assembly; 21 I-shaped structure; 22 Sliding component; 23 Sliding groove; 3 Dilation assembly; 31 First dilation section; 32 Second dilation section; 33 Connecting part; 34 Pressure valve; 35 Pressure sensor; 36 Extension rod; 37 Roller; 38 Drive device; 39 Elastomer; 4 Foreign body forceps; 5 Hinge shaft; 6 Pressurization tube; 7 Foreign body; 8 Inner wall of digestive organ. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0041] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an endoscopic foreign body retrieval dilation device includes an endoscopic catheter 1, a foreign body forceps 4, and a dilator. The dilator includes a pair of dilation components 3 and a limiting component 2. The dilation components 3 are located on both sides of the clamping surface of the foreign body forceps 4 and are used to dilate the inner wall 8 of the digestive organ along the long axis of the foreign body 7. The limiting component 2 is located outside the dilation components 3 and restricts the dilation direction of the dilation components 3 along the short axis of the foreign body 7. Figure 3 As shown, the cross-section of the limiting component 2 is a hollow I-shaped structure 21, and the interior of the I-shaped structure 21 is filled with an expansion component 3. Sliding members 22 are provided at both ends of the horizontal portion of the I-shaped structure 21, and sliding grooves 23 are provided inside the I-shaped structure 21. Limiting protrusions are provided at the ends of the mating surfaces of the sliding grooves 23 and the sliding members 22 to limit the stroke of the sliding members 22. The side of the sliding members 22 away from the second expansion portion 32 has an inclination angle, which guides the reaction force of the sliding members 22 constraining the second expansion portion 32. The sliding members 22 can slide along the extension direction of the horizontal portion of the I-shaped structure 21 as the expansion component 3 expands. An expansion through hole is provided in the vertical portion of the I-shaped structure 21. The expansion through hole is a through hole parallel to the extension direction of the horizontal portion of the I-shaped structure 21.

[0042] The core of this device lies in the dilators positioned on either side of the foreign body forceps 4. The endoscopic catheter 1 provides a passage for the foreign body forceps 4 and dilators into the digestive tract. When a foreign object 7, such as a date pit or fish bone, becomes lodged in the esophagus or intestinal wall, the operator advances the endoscope to the target location. At this point, a pair of dilators 3 located on either side of the clamping surface of the foreign body forceps 4 begin to operate. Figure 10 As shown, the expansion component 3 applies an expansion force along the long axis of the foreign object 7, i.e., in a direction parallel to the length of the foreign object 7, thus stretching the inner walls 8 of the digestive organs surrounding the foreign object 7, such as the esophageal mucosa, to both sides, thereby exposing the adhesion or embedment points between the foreign object 7 and the tissue wall. Simultaneously, the limiting component 2, as a key structural constraint, has a hollowed-out I-shaped cross-section. The expansion component 3 is filled inside the I-shaped structure 21. When the expansion component 3 expands or extends, the vertical portion of the I-shaped structure 21 restricts excessive expansion of the expansion component 3 in the short axis direction, i.e., perpendicular to the length of the foreign object 7, preventing damage to the unimpacted lateral wall tissues (the lateral wall tissues of the anterior chest and posterior back) and deformation of the foreign object 7. The sliding members 22 at both ends of the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure 21 and the internal sliding groove 23 allow the sliding members 22 to slide along the extension direction of the transverse portion during expansion, providing necessary synchronous radial restraint for expansion while maintaining the radial structural stability of the entire expander.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the end of the limiting component 2 furthest from the endoscopic catheter 1 surrounds the dilator component 3, restricting the dilator component 3 from expanding distally to the endoscopic catheter 1. The distal end of the limiting component 2, furthest from the endoscopic catheter 1, surrounds the dilator component 3. This distal structure forms a "U"-shaped enclosure, which restricts the dilator component 3 from expanding distally (anteriorly) towards the endoscopic catheter 1. The I-shaped limiting component 2 concentrates the expansion force along the long axis of the foreign body 7, effectively preventing expansion of the dilator along the short axis, thus significantly reducing the risk of traction and compression damage to non-target areas of the digestive organ wall 8 and the impact on the foreign body 7 retrieval operation. The cooperation between the sliding member 22 and the sliding groove 23 extends the length of the limiting structure of the limiting component 2 along the long axis, ensuring continuous short-axis limiting of the second dilator portion 32 during dilution, suitable for narrow or curved luminal environments.

[0044] like Figure 3As shown, the expansion component 3 includes a first expansion portion 31 and a second expansion portion 32. The first expansion portion 31 fills the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure 21. The end of the first expansion portion 31 is a slider 22. When the first expansion portion 31 expands, the slider 22 slides along the extension direction of the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure 21. The second expansion portion 32 is located in the expansion through hole. Both sides of the second expansion portion 32 are restricted by the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure 21 and the slider 22.

[0045] The first expansion portion 31 fills the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure 21, with its end being a slider 22. The second expansion portion 32 is located within the expansion through-hole of the vertical portion of the structure 21. When the expansion assembly 3 is driven, such as by pressurization or mechanical pushing, the first expansion portion 31 and the second expansion portion 32 simultaneously begin to expand. The volume of the first expansion portion 31 increases, pushing the slider 22 outward along the sliding groove 23, thereby increasing the effective length of the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure. At the same time, the second expansion portion 32 extends outward within the expansion through-hole, its sides constrained by the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure, including the extended portion and the slider 22, while undergoing dynamic accompanying guidance: as the first expansion portion 31 continues to extend, the transverse portion always constrains the second expansion portion 32, forcing the second expansion portion 32 to move outward only along the long axis direction defined by the expansion through-hole.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the expansion component 3 also includes a connecting portion 33, which is located in the vertical part of the I-shaped structure 21 and connects the first expansion portion 31 and the second expansion portion 32. The connecting portion 33 is a rigid structure, while the first expansion portion 31 and the second expansion portion 32 are flexible structures. A pressure valve 34 is fixed on the inner side of the connecting portion 33. The pressure valve 34 separates the first expansion portion 31 and the second expansion portion 32. The conduction pressure of the pressure valve 34 is matched with the frictional resistance of the sliding member 22.

[0047] The internal pressure of the first expansion section 31 pushes the sliding member 22 to overcome friction and slide outward, extending the I-shaped transverse portion; the internal pressure of the second expansion section 32 causes it to expand outward, expanding the tissue. The pressure valve 34 is a flexible membrane connecting both ends, with an opening and closing slit in the middle. The pressurization tube 6 extends along the endoscopic catheter 1, with one end connected to the interior of the first expansion section 31. During operation, the doctor injects the medium through the pressurization tube 6. When the conduction pressure of the opening and closing slit of the pressure valve 34 is equal to the internal pressure of the first expansion section 31 that allows the sliding member 22 to overcome friction and slide outward, the opening and closing slit of the pressure valve 34 is open, allowing the medium to enter the first and second expansion sections 32 simultaneously, achieving synchronous expansion. When the injection of the medium through the pressurization tube 6 is stopped, and the pressure on both sides becomes unbalanced due to differences in tissue resistance, the opening and closing slit will dynamically adjust its opening degree: for example, if the resistance of the second expansion section 32 increases, causing its internal pressure to be higher than that of the first expansion section 31, the opening and closing slit will not open due to the pressure difference, preventing the second expansion section 32 from over-pressuring and damaging the tissue.

[0048] The above setup achieves adaptive pressure balancing through a flexible valve. The elasticity of the second expansion section must match the elasticity of the first expansion section and the friction coefficient of the sliding element to achieve simultaneous expansion. The physician only needs to control the total injection volume or total pressure, without needing to control the two expansion sections separately. The valve's opening and closing slits are passively adjusted according to the real-time pressure difference between the two sides, automatically compensating for pressure fluctuations caused by uneven tissue or changes in friction of the sliding element 22. This mechanism simplifies operation and improves safety. When the second expansion section 32 encounters a non-expandable rigid impingement, the pressure valve 34 will close due to excessive pressure in the second expansion section 32, thus limiting further pressure increase and preventing tissue tearing. At the same time, the first expansion section 31 can still extend appropriately to adjust the limiting posture.

[0049] The pressure valve 34 is a flexible membrane connecting both ends. The flexible membrane has an opening and closing slit in the middle that can respond to pressure from both sides. The dilation device also includes a pressure tube 6, which extends along the endoscope catheter 1. One end of the pressure tube 6 is connected to the interior of the first dilation part 31.

[0050] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the limiting component 2 has a hinge shaft 5 on the outer side near the end of the endoscope catheter 1. The hinge shaft 5 connects the limiting component 2 and the endoscope catheter 1. The inner side of the limiting component 2 near the end of the endoscope catheter 1 is a free end. The limiting component 2 can open in the same direction as the foreign body forceps 4.

[0051] The limiting component 2 is connected to the endoscope catheter 1 via a hinge shaft 5 on its outer side near the endoscope catheter 1 (i.e., the proximal end), while its inner side is the free end. This hinged design allows the entire limiting component 2, along with its internal expanding component 3, to open outward in the same direction as the foreign body forceps 4, using the hinge shaft 5 as a fulcrum. When the device enters the digestive tract, the limiting component 2 and the foreign body forceps 4 remain closed to reduce volume.

[0052] The unidirectional movement of the limiting component 2 and the foreign body forceps 4 ensures that the dilator is always positioned on both sides of the clamping surface of the foreign body 7, without interfering with the opening and closing of the jaws. Simultaneously, the hinged connection allows the limiting component 2 to adaptively adjust its angle according to the natural curvature of the digestive organ's inner wall 8 and the posture of the foreign body forceps 4. The free end on the inner side allows for this opening action and enables the dilator to better accommodate the foreign body 7 with a relatively large short axis, creating favorable alignment conditions for subsequent dilation and extraction.

[0053] During the simultaneous expansion of the first expansion portion 31 and the second expansion portion 32, the first expansion portion 31 pushes the slider 22 to extend the I-shaped lateral portion to both sides, while the second expansion portion 32 expands the tissue along its long axis. Without distal restraint, the second expansion portion 32 might bulge forward (distally) while expanding outward. In this design, the distal portion of the limiting component physically blocks the distal displacement of the second expansion portion 32, forcing its expansion force to act entirely on the lateral expansion.

[0054] This feature, in conjunction with the simultaneous expansion mechanism, enables pure lateral expansion. While the first expansion portion 31 dynamically extends and becomes laterally confined, the distal portion of the confining component ensures that the second expansion portion 32 does not bulge distally. This facilitates the removal of foreign objects and prevents them from being pushed further away during expansion.

[0055] Example 2 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first expansion portion 31 is equipped with a pressure sensor 35 inside, and the second expansion portion 32 is equipped with two sets of three rollers 37 arranged in parallel in each set and a drive device 38 inside. The drive device 38 is located in the vertical part of the I-shaped structure 21 and is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 35. The rollers 37 are located on both sides of the drive device 38, and the rollers 37 can move along the expansion direction of the second expansion portion 32 under the action of the drive device 38.

[0056] The pressure sensor 35 inside the first expansion section 31 detects whether the pressure in the first expansion section 31 reaches the pressure threshold for pushing the sliding member 22. Simultaneously, the pressure sensor 35 transmits an electrical signal to the drive device 38 of the second expansion section 32. The second expansion section 32 contains two sets of three parallel rollers 37 and a drive device 38, such as a micro motor or piezoelectric actuator. The drive device 38 is fixed to the vertical portion of the I-shaped structure 21, and the rollers 37 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the drive device 38. An extension rod 36 is provided on the side of the rollers 37 away from the drive device 38. One end of the extension rod 36 abuts against the roller 37, and the other end abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion section 32, contacting the flexible portion of the tissue.

[0057] When the pressure of the first expansion portion 31 reaches the pressure threshold for pushing the slider 22, the drive device 38 receives the signal from the pressure sensor 35 and pushes the rollers 37 to both sides. The internal pressure of the first expansion portion 31 pushes the slider 22 to overcome friction and slide outward, causing the I-shaped lateral portion to extend. During the pushing process, the rollers 37 roll outward along the inner wall of the second expansion portion 32. The rolling motion of the rollers 37 is converted into a smooth thrust on the expansion end of the second expansion portion 32 through the extension rod 36, forcing the second expansion portion 32 to extend outward. The above arrangement enables the first expansion portion 31 and the second expansion portion 32 to expand synchronously, allowing the expansion assembly 3 to expand in a directional manner.

[0058] The second expansion section 32 also includes an extension rod 36. The extension rod 36 is located on the side of the roller 37 furthest from the drive device 38. One end of the extension rod 36 abuts against the roller 37, and the other end abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion section 32. The extension rod 36 solves the problem of limited travel of the roller 37, converting the displacement at the roller 37 into the displacement required by the expansion end, while providing stable linear thrust and preventing the flexible expansion end from bending under stress. The end of the extension rod 36 can be designed with a certain curvature to better conform to the internal contour of the second expansion section 32, thereby dispersing the concentrated force of the roller 37 into thrust on the surface area, further reducing the local pressure on the expansion end and improving patient comfort and safety.

[0059] Example 3 The difference from Embodiments 1 and 2 is that, in this embodiment, as... Figure 7 As shown, the first expansion portion 31 is equipped with a pressure sensor 35, and the second expansion portion 32 is equipped with a pair of elastic bodies 39 and a driving device 38. The driving device 38 is located in the vertical part of the I-shaped structure 21 and is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 35. The elastic bodies 39 are located on both sides of the driving device 38. One end of the elastic body 39 abuts against the driving device 38, and the other end of the elastic body 39 abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion portion 32. The elastic body 39 can be compressed or stretched under the action of the driving device 38.

[0060] The pressure sensor 35 inside the first expansion section 31 detects whether the pressure of the first expansion section 31 reaches the pressure threshold for pushing the slider 22. Simultaneously, the pressure sensor 35 transmits an electrical signal to the drive device 38 of the second expansion section 32. When the pressure of the first expansion section 31 reaches the pressure threshold for pushing the slider 22, the drive device 38 receives the signal from the pressure sensor 35 and applies force to both sides. Under normal conditions, the elastic body 39 is in a compressed state, storing elastic potential energy. Upon receiving the electrical signal, the drive device 38 releases the compression of the elastic body 39, causing it to deform. Its restoring force is transmitted to the expansion end of the second expansion section 32 through the extension rod 36, pushing it to expand outward. For example, a shape memory alloy may shrink under normal conditions and recover upon heating; or a spring may be compressed by a magnet, and recover when a magnetic field of opposite magnetism is applied.

[0061] Unlike the rigid roller 37, the force provided by the elastomer 39 is flexible: the greater the expansion resistance, the greater the thrust provided by the elastomer 39. This allows for automatic compensation to the compliance of the digestive organ lining 8, automatically increasing the thrust when encountering hard tissue and softening it when encountering soft tissue. This adaptive characteristic greatly reduces the risk of tissue tearing caused by improper force applied by the doctor.

[0062] The second expansion portion 32 is also provided with an extension rod 36. The extension rod 36 is located on the side of the elastic body 39 away from the driving device 38. One end of the extension rod 36 abuts against the elastic body 39, and the other end of the extension rod 36 abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion portion 32.

[0063] This invention offers the following significant advantages: Improved expansion safety: The limiting component 2 constrains the expansion force to act only along the long axis of the foreign object 7, preventing excessive expansion along the short axis that could damage non-target tissues or deform the foreign object 7; the cooperation between the sliding component 22 and the sliding groove 23 adapts to narrow and curved digestive tract lumens, and the distal limiting structure prevents the expansion component 3 from bulging into the distal digestive tract, avoiding pushing the foreign object 7 to a deeper location. Reduced operational difficulty: The pressure valve 34 structure enables pressure-adaptive synchronous expansion of the two expansion components, requiring only control of the total injection pressure without separate adjustments; automatic pressure limiting is available in cases of hard impingement. Prevention of tissue tearing: Three optional drive schemes—pressure, roller 37, or elastomer 39—can respectively meet different operational needs for precise synchronous expansion or adaptive tissue compliance. The articulated limiting component 2 can open and close in the same direction as the foreign body forceps 4, without interfering with the gripping action of the forceps jaws. It can also adapt to the natural curvature angle of the digestive tract and accommodate foreign bodies 7 of different sizes. Overall, it greatly reduces the trauma risk and operational threshold for removing long, embedded foreign bodies 7 such as date pits and fish bones.

[0064] The above embodiments and / or implementation methods are only used to illustrate preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications to form other equivalent embodiments without departing from the technical means disclosed in the present invention, but these should still be regarded as the same technology or embodiments as the present invention.

Claims

1. An endoscopic foreign body retrieval dilation device, comprising an endoscopic catheter (1), foreign body forceps (4), and a dilator, characterized in that, The expander includes a pair of expanding components (3) and a limiting component (2). The expanding components (3) are located on both sides of the jaws of the foreign body forceps (4) and are used to expand the inner wall (8) of the digestive organ along the long axis of the foreign body (7). The limiting component is located outside the expansion component (3) and constrains the expansion direction of the expansion component (3) along the short axis of the foreign object (7). The cross-section of the limiting component (2) is a hollow I-shaped structure (21), and the interior of the I-shaped structure (21) is filled with the expansion component (3). The two ends of the horizontal portion of the I-shaped structure (21) are provided with sliding members (22) that can slide along the horizontal portion. The interior of the I-shaped structure (21) is provided with sliding grooves (23). The sliding members (22) can slide along the extension direction of the horizontal portion of the I-shaped structure (21) as the expansion component (3) expands. The vertical part of the I-shaped structure (21) is provided with an expansion through hole, which is a through hole that is parallel to the extension direction of the horizontal part of the I-shaped structure (21). The expansion component (3) includes a first expansion portion (31) and a second expansion portion (32). The first expansion portion (31) fills the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure (21). The slider (22) is located at the end of the first expansion portion (31). When the first expansion portion (31) expands, it pushes the slider (22) to slide along the extension direction of the transverse portion of the I-shaped structure (21). The second expansion portion (32) is located in the expansion through hole, and the two sides of the second expansion portion (32) are restricted by the lateral portion of the I-shaped structure (21) and the sliding member (22); The limiting component (2) has a hinge shaft (5) on the outer side near the end of the endoscope catheter (1). The hinge shaft (5) connects the limiting component (2) and the endoscope catheter (1). The inner side of the limiting component (2) near the end of the endoscope catheter (1) is a free end. The limiting component (2) can open in the same direction as the foreign body forceps (4). The limiting component (2) surrounds the expansion component (3) at the end away from the endoscope catheter (1), and the limiting component (2) restricts the expansion component (3) from expanding to the distal end of the endoscope catheter (1).

2. The endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion component (3) further includes a connecting part (33), which is located in the vertical part of the I-shaped structure (21) and connects the first expansion part (31) and the second expansion part (32). The connecting part (33) is a rigid structure, while the first expansion part (31) and the second expansion part (32) are flexible structures. A pressure valve (34) is fixed on the inner side of the connecting part (33). The pressure valve (34) separates the cavities of the first expansion part (31) and the second expansion part (32). The conduction pressure of the pressure valve (34) is matched with the frictional resistance of the sliding member (22).

3. The endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure valve (34) is a flexible membrane connecting both ends. The flexible membrane has an opening and closing slit in the middle that opens and closes when the pressure difference between the two sides reaches a preset threshold. The expansion device also includes a pressure tube (6), which extends along the endoscope catheter (1). One end of the pressure tube (6) is connected to the interior of the first expansion part (31).

4. The endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion assembly (3) also includes a pressure sensor (35) and a drive device (38). The pressure sensor (35) is located inside the first expansion portion (31). The second expansion portion (32) has at least two parallel rollers (37) inside. The drive device (38) is located in the vertical part of the I-shaped structure (21) and is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (35). The rollers (37) are located on both sides of the drive device (38). The rollers (37) can move along the expansion direction of the second expansion portion (32) under the action of the drive device (38).

5. The endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second expansion portion (32) is further provided with an extension rod (36), which is located on the side of the roller (37) away from the drive device (38). One end of the extension rod (36) abuts against the roller (37), and the other end of the extension rod (36) abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion portion (32).

6. The endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion assembly (3) also includes a pressure sensor (35) and a drive device (38). The interior of the second expansion portion (32) is provided with at least one pair of elastic bodies (39). The drive device (38) is located in the vertical part of the I-shaped structure (21) and is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (35). The elastic bodies (39) are located on both sides of the drive device (38). One end of the elastic body (39) abuts against the drive device (38), and the other end of the elastic body (39) abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion portion (32). The elastic body (39) can be compressed or stretched under the action of the drive device (38).

7. The endoscopic foreign body removal dilation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second expansion portion (32) is further provided with an extension rod (36), which is located on the side of the elastic body (39) away from the driving device (38). One end of the extension rod (36) abuts against the elastic body (39), and the other end of the extension rod (36) abuts against the expansion end of the second expansion portion (32).

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