A laser cutting device for steel structure panels

Abstract

This invention discloses a laser cutting device for steel structure plates, including a machine base, a laser head, a rapid cooling component for the plate, and a linkage pump assembly. A pair of longitudinal rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the machine base, and a transverse rail is movably connected between the pair of longitudinal rails. The laser head is moved and positioned on the transverse rail. The rapid cooling component for the plate consists of an arc-shaped nozzle, multiple nozzles, a hollow moving rod, and a rigid connecting pipe. The rapid cooling component can follow the laser cutting trajectory to provide real-time and precise spray cooling to the cutting area of ​​the plate, quickly removing the large amount of heat generated by laser processing. This effectively avoids problems such as thermal deformation, cut oxidation, and changes in metallographic structure caused by localized overheating of the steel structure plate, significantly improving the processing accuracy and finished product quality of the laser cutting of steel structure plates, and ensuring the subsequent assembly and performance of the components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting equipment technology, and in particular to a laser cutting device for steel structure plates. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting, with its advantages of high processing precision, clean cuts, and non-contact processing, has been widely used in the cutting and shaping of steel structure panels. However, during laser cutting of steel structure panels, the laser beam releases a large amount of heat energy in a short period, causing a rapid increase in temperature in the cutting area. This can easily lead to problems such as thermal deformation, cut oxidation, and changes in metallographic structure, affecting not only the cutting accuracy and performance of the panel but also reducing the operational stability of the laser head and shortening the equipment's lifespan.

[0003] Most existing laser cutting equipment lacks a synchronous rapid cooling structure adapted to the cutting operation. It mostly uses natural cooling or simple spray cooling, which has a limited cooling range, low cooling efficiency, and cannot achieve dynamic cooling following the laser head's working position, resulting in low coolant utilization. At the same time, traditional cooling devices are mostly independently driven structures, and the pumping and spraying actions are difficult to coordinate with the laser cutting operation, resulting in defects such as complex structure, high energy consumption, and poor control synchronization.

[0004] Furthermore, the coolant used in the spray system is often directly discharged, failing to achieve recycling and resulting in resource waste. Metal debris easily mixes into the coolant; if not filtered and cooled promptly, it affects the recycling efficiency. Long-term use can also clog pipes, damage pump components, and increase equipment maintenance costs. Existing devices struggle to simultaneously meet multiple requirements, including simultaneous rapid cooling, coordinated coolant supply, coolant circulation filtration, and heat dissipation, thus failing to satisfy the demands of efficient, high-precision, and stable laser cutting of steel structure panels. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a laser cutting device for steel structure plates.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A laser cutting device for steel structure plates includes a machine base, a laser head, a rapid cooling assembly for the plates, and a linkage pump assembly. A pair of longitudinal rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the machine base, and a transverse rail is movably connected between the pair of longitudinal rails. The laser head is movably mounted on the transverse rail. The rapid cooling assembly for the sheet metal consists of an arc-shaped nozzle, multiple nozzles, a hollow moving rod, and a rigid connecting pipe. It is used to spray coolant onto the cut sheet metal to rapidly cool it down. A pair of arc-shaped nozzles are symmetrically arranged above the machine tool base. The multiple nozzles are all located on the side wall of the arc-shaped nozzle and communicate with it. One end of the rigid connecting pipe is connected to the arc-shaped nozzle, and the other end is connected to the hollow moving rod. A liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to both sides of the machine tool base. The liquid storage tank stores coolant. A pushing mechanism for pushing the hollow moving rod to move horizontally back and forth is installed on the upper end of the machine tool base. The linkage pump assembly consists of a pump tank, a sealing piston, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a push rod. It is used to pump coolant from the storage tank into a hollow moving rod. The pump tank is fixedly installed on the upper end of the machine tool base. The sealing piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pump tank. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the sealing piston, and the other end is fixedly connected to the hollow moving rod. The push rod is slidably connected to the wall of the pump tank. The inlet pipe is connected between the storage tank and the pump tank, and the outlet pipe is connected between the pump tank and the hollow moving rod.

[0007] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a drive motor, an incomplete gear, a first rack, and a second rack. The drive motor is embedded in the machine tool base and its output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the incomplete gear. The first rack and the second rack are respectively located on both sides of the incomplete gear and intermittently mesh. The ends of the first rack and the second rack are fixedly connected to the hollow moving rod through connecting rods.

[0008] Preferably, the inlet pipe is equipped with a one-way valve that allows coolant to flow only from the storage tank to the pump tank, and the outlet pipe is equipped with a one-way valve that allows coolant to flow only from the pump tank to the hollow moving rod.

[0009] Preferably, both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are made of rubber tubing and have sufficient length to avoid interfering with the movement of the hollow moving rod.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid storage tank has an opening at its upper end, and a filter screen is assembled at its upper end. A guide channel is fixedly installed on the side wall of the machine tool base, and the water outlet of the guide channel extends to the top of the liquid storage tank. A cooling fan is fixedly installed on the side wall of the liquid storage tank, and the air outlet of the cooling fan faces the side wall of the liquid storage tank. A set of copper heat dissipation fins is slidably arranged through the side wall of the liquid storage tank. An electric push rod is installed inside the liquid storage tank, and one end of the copper heat dissipation fins is fixedly connected to and fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod.

[0011] Preferably, a sealing gasket is fitted around the outer periphery of the sealing piston, and the sealing gasket fits tightly against the inner wall of the pump tank to improve the sealing effect.

[0012] Preferably, the nozzles are evenly distributed along the sidewall of the arc-shaped nozzle, and the spraying direction of the nozzles is towards the cutting area of ​​the laser head.

[0013] Preferably, a guide sleeve is provided between the hollow moving rod and the machine tool base, and the guide sleeve is used to restrict the hollow moving rod to move stably in the horizontal direction.

[0014] Preferably, the inner side of the guide channel is provided with a guide slope, which is used to guide the sprayed coolant to the opening of the storage tank, and the filter screen is detachably connected to the upper end of the storage tank to filter metal debris in the coolant and facilitate cleaning and replacement.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, by setting up a rapid cooling component for the sheet metal, can spray and cool the cutting area of ​​the sheet metal in real time and with precision, following the laser cutting operation trajectory. This quickly removes the large amount of heat generated by laser processing, effectively avoiding problems such as thermal deformation, cut oxidation, and changes in metallographic structure caused by local overheating of steel structure sheet metal. It significantly improves the processing accuracy and finished product quality of laser cutting of steel structure sheet metal, and ensures the subsequent assembly and use performance of the components.

[0016] 2. This invention adopts a mechanical linkage structure formed by the linkage pump assembly and the hollow moving rod. The hollow moving rod is driven to move back and forth by the pushing mechanism, while the sealed piston is driven to complete the pumping action. No additional independent power source is required, so as to realize the full synchronization of spray movement and coolant supply. This greatly simplifies the overall structure of the device, reduces energy consumption and control difficulty, and improves the stability and reliability of device operation.

[0017] 3. This invention constructs a coolant circulation and heat dissipation system by combining flow guidance and recycling, filter screen filtration, cooling fan and copper heat dissipation fins. It can promptly recover the sprayed coolant, filter metal debris and quickly cool it down, realizing the recycling of coolant, reducing resource waste and waste liquid discharge. At the same time, it can effectively avoid debris clogging pipes and component wear, extend the service life of the device and reduce equipment maintenance and operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser cutting device for steel structure plates proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pushing mechanism proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the linkage pump fluid assembly proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the machine tool base and the liquid storage tank proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid storage tank proposed in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool base; 2. Longitudinal track; 3. Transverse track; 4. Laser head; 5. Arc-shaped nozzle; 6. Incomplete gear; 7. First rack; 8. Second rack; 9. Hollow moving rod; 10. Connecting rod; 11. Liquid storage tank; 12. Cooling fan; 13. Nozzle; 14. Rigid connecting pipe; 15. Drive motor; 16. Pump tank; 17. Push rod; 18. Filter screen; 19. Sealing piston; 20. Inlet pipe; 21. Outlet pipe; 22. Guide groove; 23. Copper heat dissipation fins; 24. Electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] Example 1 Reference Figure 1-2 A laser cutting device for steel structure plates includes a machine base 1, a laser head 4, and a rapid cooling assembly for the plates. The rapid cooling assembly consists of an arc-shaped nozzle 5, multiple nozzles 13, a hollow moving rod 9, and a rigid connecting pipe 14. It is used to spray coolant onto the cut plates to rapidly cool them down. A pair of arc-shaped nozzles 5 are symmetrically arranged above the machine base 1. Multiple nozzles 13 are all located on the sidewalls of the arc-shaped nozzles 5 and communicate with them. One end of the rigid connecting pipe 14 is connected to the arc-shaped nozzle 5, and the other end is connected to the hollow moving rod 9. Liquid storage tanks 11 are fixedly connected to both sides of the machine base 1. The liquid storage tanks 11 store coolant. A pushing mechanism is installed on the upper end of the machine base 1 to push the hollow moving rod 9 to move horizontally back and forth. The hollow moving rod 9 is connected to the liquid storage tank 11 through a liquid pump.

[0022] The driving mechanism includes a drive motor 15, an incomplete gear 6, a first rack 7 and a second rack 8. The drive motor 15 is embedded in the machine tool base 1 and its output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the incomplete gear 6. The first rack 7 and the second rack 8 are respectively located on both sides of the incomplete gear 6 and intermittently mesh. The ends of the first rack 7 and the second rack 8 are fixedly connected to the hollow moving rod 9 through the connecting rod 10.

[0023] The nozzles 13 are evenly distributed along the side wall of the arc-shaped nozzle 5, and the spraying direction of the nozzles 13 is towards the cutting area of ​​the laser head.

[0024] In this embodiment, the drive motor 15 drives the incomplete gear 6 to rotate continuously. The incomplete gear 6 intermittently meshes with the first rack 7 and the second rack 8 in sequence, and drives the hollow moving rod 9 to move stably back and forth in the horizontal direction through the connecting rod 10. The hollow moving rod 9 drives the arc-shaped nozzle 5 to move synchronously through the rigid connecting pipe 14, so that the nozzle 13 always follows the cutting operation area of ​​the laser head 4 to spray. The coolant is delivered from the storage tank 11 to the hollow moving rod 9 by the liquid pump, and then enters the arc-shaped nozzle 5 through the rigid connecting pipe 14. It is then sprayed directionally from the evenly distributed nozzles 13 to the cutting position of the plate, quickly removing the heat generated by laser processing, achieving real-time rapid cooling, and avoiding thermal deformation and oxidation of the cut edge of the plate. The pushing mechanism drives the spraying assembly to move synchronously, and the cooling range covers the entire cutting path, with uniform and efficient cooling, ensuring the accuracy and quality of laser cutting of steel structure plates.

[0025] Example 2 Reference Figure 3 A laser cutting device for steel structure plates, differing from Embodiment 1 in that it further includes a linkage pumping assembly. The linkage pumping assembly consists of a pumping tank 16, a sealing piston 19, an inlet pipe 20, an outlet pipe 21, and a push rod 17, used to pump coolant from the storage tank 11 into the hollow moving rod 9. The pumping tank 16 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the machine tool base 1. The sealing piston 19 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pumping tank 16. One end of the push rod 17 is fixedly connected to the sealing piston 19, and the other end is fixedly connected to the hollow moving rod 9. The push rod 17 is slidably connected to the wall of the pumping tank 16. The inlet pipe 20 is connected between the storage tank 11 and the pumping tank 16, and the outlet pipe 21 is connected between the pumping tank 16 and the hollow moving rod 9.

[0026] The inlet pipe 20 is equipped with a one-way valve that allows coolant to flow only from the reservoir 11 to the pump tank 16, and the outlet pipe 21 is equipped with a one-way valve that allows coolant to flow only from the pump tank 16 to the hollow moving rod 9. Both the inlet pipe 20 and the outlet pipe 21 are made of rubber hoses and are of sufficient length to not interfere with the movement of the hollow moving rod 9.

[0027] A sealing gasket is fitted around the outer periphery of the sealing piston 19, and the sealing gasket fits tightly against the inner wall of the pump tank 16 to improve the sealing effect.

[0028] In this embodiment, a linkage pump assembly is added based on embodiment 1. During operation, the drive motor 15 drives the incomplete gear 6 to rotate, which in turn drives the first rack 7, the second rack 8, and the connecting rod 10 to move the hollow moving rod 9 horizontally back and forth. The hollow moving rod 9 simultaneously drives the push rod 17 and the sealing piston 19 to reciprocate and slide within the pump tank 16. When the sealing piston 19 moves outward, a negative pressure is formed inside the pump tank 16, the one-way valve in the inlet pipe 20 opens, and the one-way valve in the outlet pipe 21 closes, allowing the coolant in the storage tank 11 to be drawn into the pump tank 16. When the sealing piston 19 moves inward, the pressure inside the pump tank 16 increases, the one-way valve in the inlet pipe 20 closes, and the one-way valve in the outlet pipe 21 opens, forcing the coolant in the pump tank 16 into the hollow moving rod 9, which is then sent to the arc-shaped nozzle 5 via the rigid connecting pipe 14 and sprayed out from the nozzle 13. The sealing gasket around the outer periphery of the sealing piston 19 improves the sliding seal. The rubber hose is of sufficient length and does not affect the normal movement of the hollow moving rod 9. No additional power source is required throughout the process, realizing the mechanical linkage and synchronous operation of spray movement and pump liquid supply. The coolant supply is stable and the spray cooling is real-time and efficient.

[0029] Example 3 Reference Figure 4-5 A laser cutting device for steel structure plates, differing from embodiments 1 and 2 in that the upper end of the liquid storage tank 11 is open, and a filter screen 18 is assembled at the upper end of the tank. A guide channel 22 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the machine tool base 1, with the water outlet of the guide channel 22 extending above the liquid storage tank 11. A cooling fan 12 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the liquid storage tank 11, with the air outlet of the cooling fan 12 facing the side wall of the liquid storage tank 11. A set of copper heat dissipation fins 23 are slidably arranged through the side wall of the liquid storage tank 11. An electric push rod 24 is installed inside the liquid storage tank 11, with one end of the copper heat dissipation fins 23 fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod 24.

[0030] The inner side of the guide channel 22 is provided with a guide slope, which is used to guide the sprayed coolant to the opening of the storage tank 11. The filter screen 18 is detachably connected to the upper end of the storage tank 11 to filter metal debris in the coolant and facilitate cleaning and replacement.

[0031] In this embodiment, a coolant circulation filtration and active heat dissipation structure is added based on embodiments 1 and 2. The sprayed coolant, carrying metal debris, flows back along the guide slope of the guide channel 22 to the opening of the storage tank 11. After being filtered by the detachable filter screen 18 to remove metal debris, it enters the storage tank 11, achieving clean coolant recovery. Simultaneously, the cooling fan 12 continuously blows air onto the side wall of the storage tank 11, working with the copper heat dissipation fins 23 to quickly dissipate heat from the coolant. The electric push rod 24 can drive the copper heat dissipation fins 23 to extend and retract, increasing the contact area with air and enhancing heat exchange efficiency, allowing the recovered coolant to quickly cool to a suitable temperature to meet the requirements of circulating spraying. This structure achieves integrated operation of coolant recovery, filtration, cooling, and circulation, preventing debris from clogging the pipes and preventing excessively high coolant temperatures from affecting the cooling effect, further improving the stability and service life of the device during continuous operation.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for steel structure plates, comprising a machine tool base (1), a laser head (4), a plate rapid cooling assembly, and a linkage pump assembly, characterized in that: The machine tool base (1) has a pair of longitudinal rails (2) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end, and a transverse rail (3) is movably arranged across the pair of longitudinal rails (2). The laser head (4) is movably arranged on the transverse rail (3). The rapid cooling assembly for the sheet metal consists of an arc-shaped nozzle (5), multiple nozzles (13), a hollow moving rod (9), and a rigid connecting pipe (14). It is used to spray coolant onto the cut sheet metal to rapidly cool it down. A pair of arc-shaped nozzles (5) are symmetrically arranged above the machine tool base (1). Multiple nozzles (13) are located on the side wall of the arc-shaped nozzles (5) and communicate with them. One end of the rigid connecting pipe (14) is connected to the arc-shaped nozzles (5), and the other end is connected to the hollow moving rod (9). A liquid storage tank (11) is fixedly connected to both sides of the machine tool base (1). The liquid storage tank (11) stores coolant. A pushing mechanism for pushing the hollow moving rod (9) to move horizontally back and forth is installed on the upper end of the machine tool base (1). The linkage pump assembly consists of a pump tank (16), a sealing piston (19), an inlet pipe (20), an outlet pipe (21), and a push rod (17). It is used to pump the coolant in the storage tank (11) into the hollow moving rod (9). The pump tank (16) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the machine tool base (1). The sealing piston (19) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pump tank (16). One end of the push rod (17) is fixedly connected to the sealing piston (19), and the other end is fixedly connected to the hollow moving rod (9). The push rod (17) is slidably connected to the wall of the pump tank (16). The inlet pipe (20) is connected between the storage tank (11) and the pump tank (16). The outlet pipe (21) is connected between the pump tank (16) and the hollow moving rod (9).

2. The laser cutting device for steel structure plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism includes a drive motor (15), an incomplete gear (6), a first rack (7) and a second rack (8). The drive motor (15) is embedded in the machine tool base (1) and its output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the incomplete gear (6). The first rack (7) and the second rack (8) are respectively located on both sides of the incomplete gear (6) and intermittently mesh. The ends of the first rack (7) and the second rack (8) are fixedly connected to the hollow moving rod (9) through the connecting rod (10).

3. The laser cutting device for steel structure plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipe (20) is equipped with a one-way valve that allows coolant to flow from the storage tank (11) to the pump tank (16), and the outlet pipe (21) is equipped with a one-way valve that allows coolant to flow from the pump tank (16) to the hollow moving rod (9).

4. The laser cutting device for steel structure plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the inlet pipe (20) and the outlet pipe (21) are made of rubber hoses and have sufficient length to not interfere with the movement of the hollow moving rod (9).

5. The laser cutting device for steel structure plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank (11) has an opening at the top and a filter screen (18) is assembled at the top. A guide groove (22) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the machine tool base (1). The water outlet of the guide groove (22) extends to the top of the liquid storage tank (11). A cooling fan (12) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the liquid storage tank (11). The air outlet of the cooling fan (12) faces the side wall of the liquid storage tank (11). A set of copper heat dissipation fins (23) is slidably arranged through the side wall of the liquid storage tank (11). An electric push rod (24) is installed inside the liquid storage tank (11). One end of the copper heat dissipation fins (23) is fixedly connected and fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod (24).

6. The laser cutting device for steel structure plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing piston (19) is fitted with a sealing gasket on its outer periphery, and the sealing gasket is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the pump tank (16) to improve the sealing effect.

7. The laser cutting device for steel structure plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzles (13) are evenly distributed along the side wall of the arc-shaped nozzle (5), and the spraying direction of the nozzles (13) is towards the cutting operation area of ​​the laser head.

8. The laser cutting device for steel structure plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, A guide sleeve is provided between the hollow moving rod (9) and the machine tool base (1), and the guide sleeve is used to restrict the hollow moving rod (9) to move stably in the horizontal direction.

9. A laser cutting device for steel structure plates according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner side of the guide channel (22) is provided with a guide slope. The guide slope is used to guide the sprayed coolant to the opening of the storage tank (11). The filter screen (18) is detachably connected to the upper end of the storage tank (11) to filter metal debris in the coolant and facilitate cleaning and replacement.

Images