Biplane bionic aircraft

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of bionic machinery and discloses a double-flapping-wing bionic aircraft. The aircraft comprises wings, a wing skeleton and a flapping-wing power system, the wings are installed on the flapping-wing power system through the wing skeleton, the flapping-wing power system comprises a gear transmission mechanism, a pull-wire mechanism, a sliding adjustment mechanism and a double-motor driving system, the first motor is used for driving a power gear, the double-flapping-wing function is realized through the double-gear and the gear driving the connecting rod mechanism, the pull-wire wheel is matched with the fine wire, the fine wire is pulled tight under the driving of the motor so that the moving table is attached to the main body frame, the stable transmission of the flapping-wing movement is guaranteed, the second motor drives the screw rod through the belt transmission, the sliding block and the sliding sheet are moved, the posture of the moving table is changed, the left and right flapping-wing amplitude difference is realized, the flight steering is completed, when the first motor stops working, the fine wire is loosened, the moving table is reset under the action of the spring, the wings are driven to realize the parallel flapping-wing action. The application has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, realization of the flapping-wing, steering and parallel flapping-wing functions through only two motors, improvement of the bionic degree and energy utilization efficiency and good application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomimetic machinery technology, and in particular to a simple biomimetic butterfly flapping machine with flapping and wing-folding functions. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of micro-aircraft technology, flapping-wing aircraft, due to their excellent maneuverability, low noise characteristics, and strong environmental adaptability, have broad application prospects in fields such as military reconnaissance, ecological monitoring, and complex environment exploration. Compared with traditional fixed-wing aircraft and rotary-wing aircraft, flapping-wing aircraft achieve the integrated generation of lift and propulsion by simulating the flapping motion of birds or insects in nature, resulting in higher aerodynamic efficiency and making them particularly suitable for low Reynolds number flight environments.

[0003] In existing research on flapping-wing aircraft, biomimetic butterflies have gradually become a research hotspot due to their graceful flight posture, low energy consumption, and flexible wing deformation characteristics. However, existing biomimetic flapping-wing flight devices mostly focus on achieving basic up-and-down flapping functions, with insufficient research on the coordinated wing movements of butterflies during actual flight and rest.

[0004] Specifically, butterflies in nature can fold or close their wings when not flying or during certain flight phases. This involves bringing the two wings together and pressing them against the central axis, thereby reducing the overall spread area, decreasing air resistance, and enhancing concealment. This wing-folding behavior not only helps improve environmental adaptability but also plays an important role in energy conservation and posture adjustment.

[0005] However, existing flapping-wing flight mechanisms typically possess only a single flapping degree of freedom, lack an effective wing-folding structure, and struggle to switch between flapping and folding states. They suffer from limited functionality, insufficient biomimicry, and poor practicality. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a biomimetic butterfly flapping mechanism with a simple structure capable of switching between flapping and wing-folding movements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a simple biomimetic butterfly flapping wing machine.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution.

[0008] This is a bi-flapping wing biomimetic aircraft, consisting of wings, a wing frame, and a flapping propulsion system. The wings are connected and fixed to the flapping propulsion system by the wing frame. The flapping propulsion system comprises a wing fixing rod, a fixing block, a connecting rod, gears, double gears, a drive gear, a pulley, a moving platform, a main frame, springs, lead screws, slide rods, sliding blocks, sliding plates, a 6m coreless motor, a 4m coreless motor, a belt, and a thin wire. Specifically, the gears, double gears, drive gear, and pulley are fixed to the main frame via cylindrical joints. The front gear and connecting rod of the main frame are connected via cylindrical joints. The connecting rod is connected to the wing fixing rod and the moving platform via cylindrical joints. The fixing block is fixed to the main frame via cylindrical joints. A 6m hollow cup motor is fixed to the front of the wing fixing rod and the rear of the main frame. A 4m hollow cup motor, lead screw, slide bar, and springs are fixed to the main frame. The upper part of the main frame is connected to the moving platform via four springs. The 4m hollow cup motor is connected to the lead screw via belt drive. A sliding block is connected to the lead screw via a cylindrical joint. The sliding block and the sliding plate are locked together. The sliding block and the slide bar are connected via a sliding joint to prevent the sliding block from rotating. When the lead screw rotates, it drives the sliding block to move left and right, which in turn drives the sliding plate to move left and right. The sliding plate in the moving platform above the main frame is connected via a sliding joint. The thin line passes through the moving platform and the main frame and is connected to the wire pulley. When the power gear rotates, it drives the wire pulley to rotate and tighten the thin line.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are: It has a simple structure, is easy to use and maintain, and achieves wing-joining, flight, and turning functions using only a mechanical structure and two motors. The structure is lightweight and reliable, and it allows for simpler and faster wing-joining functionality. The wing-joining function during flight makes biomimetic motion more realistic and energy-efficient, enabling lightweight biomimetic aircraft. It overcomes many shortcomings of current biomimetic aircraft, such as bulky structures, inconvenience, and inability to achieve wing-joining. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flapping wing propulsion system of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flapping wing propulsion system of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of the flapping wing propulsion system structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the flapping wing propulsion system of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Wing; 2. Wing frame; 3. Wing flapping power system; 301. Wing fixing rod; 302. Fixing block; 303. Wire; 304. Connecting rod; 305. Gear; 306. Double gear; 307. Moving platform; 308. 4m hollow cup motor; 309. Spring; 310. Main frame; 311. 6m hollow cup motor; 401. Pulling reel; 402. Power gear; 501. Lead screw; 502. Belt; 503. Sliding block; 504. Sliding rod; 505. Sliding plate. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] The bi-flapping wing biomimetic aircraft consists of wings 1, a wing frame 2, and a flapping wing propulsion system 3. Wings 1 are connected and fixed to the flapping wing propulsion system 3 by the wing frame 2. The flapping wing power system 3 consists of a wing fixing rod 301, a fixing block 302, a connecting rod 304, a gear 305, a double gear 306, a power gear 402, a pulley 401, a moving platform 307, a main frame 310, a spring 309, a lead screw 501, a slide rod 504, a sliding block 503, a sliding plate 505, a 6m hollow cup motor 311, a 4m hollow cup motor 308, a belt 502, and a thin wire 303. The gear 305, double gear 306, power gear 402, and pulley 401 are fixed to the main frame 310 via cylindrical joints. The front gear 305 and connecting rod 304 of the main frame 310 are connected via cylindrical joints. The connecting rod 304 is connected to the wing fixing rod 301 and the moving platform 307 via cylindrical joints. The fixing block 305... 2. A 6m hollow cup motor 311 is fixed to the front of the wing fixing rod 301 via a cylindrical joint. A 4m hollow cup motor 308, a lead screw 501, a slide rod 504, and a spring 309 are fixed on the main frame 310. The upper part of the main frame 310 is connected to the moving platform 307 via four springs 309. The 4m hollow cup motor 308 is connected to the lead screw 501 via a belt drive. A sliding block 503 is connected to the lead screw 501 via a cylindrical joint. The sliding block 503 is locked with the sliding piece 505. The sliding block 503 is connected to the slide rod 504 via a sliding joint to limit the sliding block 503 from rotating. When the lead screw 501 rotates, it drives the sliding block 503 to move left and right. The sliding block 503 drives the sliding piece 505 to move left and right. The sliding plate 505 in the movable platform 307 above the main frame 310 is connected by a sliding pair. The thin line 303 passes through the movable platform 307 and the main frame 10 and is connected to the pull wheel 401. When the power gear 402 rotates, it drives the pull wheel 401 to rotate and tighten the thin line 303.

[0013] During use, the 6m hollow cup motor 311 is started to drive the power gear 402. The rotation of the power gear 402 drives the pull wheel 401 to move, which tightens the thin line 303, making the moving platform 307 close to the main frame 310. The double gear 306, which meshes with the power gear 402, transmits power to the gear 305. The gear 305 pulls the connecting rod 304, which drives the wing fixing rod 301, which is fixed to the moving platform 307 with a cylindrical pair, to swing up and down periodically. The fixing block 302 increases its stability. The wing fixing rod 301 drives the wing frame 2 and the wing 1 to flap together, realizing flapping flight. When a turn is needed, the 4m hollow cup motor 308 is activated, which transmits power to the lead screw 501 via belt 502, causing the sliding block 503 to move. The sliding block 503 drives the sliding plate 505 to move together. The sliding plate is connected to the arc-shaped groove in the moving platform 307 via a sliding pair. When the sliding plate 505 moves to the left, it presses the moving platform down and to the left a short distance along the groove, causing the flapping amplitude of the wings 1 to be inconsistent, thus achieving a leftward turn. The same principle applies to rightward turns. The steering of the bi-flapping wing bionic aircraft is controlled by controlling the steering of the 4m hollow cup motor 308. When the 6m hollow cup motor 311 stops, the pulley 401 loses power, the thin line 303 slackens, and the moving platform 307 is lifted upward via four springs 309, causing the wing fixing rod 301 and the connecting rod 304 to tend to be collinear, so that the wing frame 2 and the wings 1 can be joined together.

[0014] This invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or improvements, all of which should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A bi-flapping wing biomimetic aircraft, characterized in that: The system includes wings, a wing frame, and a flapping power system. The wings are mounted on the flapping power system via the wing frame. The flapping power system includes a wing fixing rod, a fixing block, a connecting rod, gears, a double gear, a drive gear, a pulley, a moving platform, a main frame, springs, a lead screw, a slide rod, a sliding block, a sliding plate, a first motor, a second motor, a belt, and a thin line. The gears, double gears, drive gear, and pulley are rotatably mounted on the main frame. The gears are rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the wing fixing rod and the moving platform. The first motor drives the drive gear, and the drive gear drives the pulley. The mechanism involves rotating to tighten or loosen a thin line; the thin line is connected to a moving platform to control the relative position between the moving platform and the main frame; a second motor rotates via a drive screw, which is threadedly connected to a sliding block; the sliding block moves linearly under the limiting action of a sliding rod, and drives a sliding plate to move; the sliding plate is slidably connected to the moving platform to change the attitude of the moving platform; the moving platform is connected to the main frame via a spring to form a reset mechanism; the first motor drives the flapping of the wings, the second motor drives the adjustment of the flight direction, and the spring resets the wings to achieve wing folding when the first motor stops.

2. The dual-flapping-wing bionic aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull wheel and the thin line work together to form a tensioning mechanism, which is used to press the moving platform against the main frame when the first motor is working, so as to ensure the effective transmission of the flapping wing mechanism.

3. The dual-flapping-wing bionic aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double gear meshes with the power gear to reduce the output of the first motor and drive the gear to move the connecting rod.

4. The dual-flapping-wing bionic aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding plate is disposed in the arc-shaped groove on the moving platform. The movement of the sliding plate is used to change the tilt angle of the moving platform, thereby making the flapping amplitude of the left and right wings inconsistent to achieve turning.

5. The dual-flapping-wing bionic aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding block and the sliding rod form a sliding pair structure, which is used to restrict the sliding block to move only along the screw axis and not rotate.

6. The dual-flapping-wing bionic aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The springs are configured as multiple springs, evenly distributed between the moving platform and the main frame, and are used to drive the moving platform to reset when the thin line slackens, thereby driving the wings to achieve wing-to-wing movement.

7. The dual-flapping-wing bionic aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing block is installed on the wing fixing rod to improve the structural stability of the wing fixing rod during flapping.

8. The dual-flapping-wing bionic aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first motor is a flapping drive motor, and the second motor is an attitude adjustment motor. The two are controlled independently to achieve coordinated operation of flapping, turning and wing folding functions.

Images