Excess sludge cavitation treatment system and method
By disrupting the microbial structure through a cavitation treatment system, the problem of poor treatment effect of excess sludge was solved, sludge volume reduction and internal carbon source replenishment were achieved, and the treatment effect was improved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 刘昊轩
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies have poor effects on the treatment of residual sludge, especially when the amount of residual sludge generated is large and has high water and carbon content, making it difficult to treat effectively.
The waste sludge cavitation treatment system uses a cavitation generator to generate cavitation bubbles in the flow channel and cavitation chamber, which then collapse. This extreme physical condition disrupts the microbial structure, reduces sludge production, and replenishes the internal carbon source.
It achieves the resource utilization, volume reduction and stabilization of excess sludge, reduces sludge production, and reduces the need for external carbon source supplementation.
Smart Images
Figure CN122144992A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste sludge treatment technology, specifically to a waste sludge cavitation treatment system. Furthermore, it relates to a method for waste sludge cavitation treatment. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the development of industrial production, a large amount of wastewater is generated every day. After wastewater treatment, a large amount of sludge is produced. This sludge contains harmful substances such as heavy metals, toxic substances, and pathogens. If directly discharged into the environment, it will cause serious pollution. Therefore, sludge treatment has become an important environmental issue and must be effectively managed to reduce its impact on the environment.
[0003] Currently, biological methods are commonly used for wastewater treatment. The core of the treatment process is to utilize the various biochemical reactions of microorganisms to degrade, transform, separate, and stabilize various pollutants in wastewater. The biochemical processes carried out by these bacterial cells purify the wastewater. However, the bacterial cells themselves lead to the synthesis of a large number of bacterial cells. As a result, biological wastewater treatment, especially the widely used activated sludge process, produces a large amount of residual sludge. Moreover, this residual sludge is generally characterized by high water content and high carbon content. How to treat the residual sludge is currently the most challenging and costly technological aspect in the field of wastewater treatment. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the technical problem of poor treatment effect of residual sludge in the prior art, and to provide a residual sludge cavitation treatment system and method. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system can reduce the amount of residual sludge generated and supplement the internal carbon source, thereby improving the treatment effect of residual sludge.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a residual sludge cavitation treatment system, comprising: a pretreatment module and a cavitation treatment module connected in sequence. The cavitation treatment module includes a cavitation generating device for receiving the residual sludge from the pretreatment module. The cavitation generating device includes an input pipeline and a first cavitation unit connected in sequence. The first cavitation unit includes a first cavitation shell having a first cavitation chamber and a guide channel penetrating the first cavitation shell and having its two ends connected to the input pipeline and the first cavitation chamber, respectively. The flow area of the guide channel is smaller than the flow area of the input pipeline and the first cavitation chamber. The guide channel is configured to generate cavitation bubbles in the fluid, and the first cavitation chamber is configured to cause at least a portion of the cavitation bubbles to collapse.
[0006] In the residual sludge cavitation treatment system provided by this invention, after pretreatment by the pretreatment module, the residual sludge flows into the guide channel through the input pipe. Because the flow area of the guide channel is smaller than that of the input pipe, the fluid velocity increases and the static pressure decreases after flowing into the guide channel, while the fluid flow rate remains constant. When the static pressure drops below the fluid's saturated vapor pressure, some of the fluid vaporizes and forms cavitation bubbles. Subsequently, as the residual sludge carrying the cavitation bubbles enters the first cavitation chamber, the flow area of the first cavitation chamber is larger than that of the guide channel, causing the fluid velocity to decrease and the static pressure to increase. When the static pressure rises above the fluid's saturated vapor pressure, the cavitation bubbles in the fluid no longer have the conditions to exist, and thus collapse, resulting in cavitation.
[0007] During cavitation, extremely high temperatures and strong pressure waves are generated around the cavitation cavities. These extreme physical conditions are sufficient to break up large clusters of microorganisms in the residual sludge, destroy bacterial flocs, and rupture microbial cell walls. After cavitation treatment, the bacterial communities and flocs in the residual sludge are dispersed, and the floc structure and microbial cell walls of the residual sludge are destroyed. This makes the previously difficult-to-degrade organic matter in the residual sludge readily degradable. Re-introducing the cavitated residual sludge into the biological system can significantly reduce the amount of sludge produced, achieving source reduction of residual sludge. Furthermore, the degradable organic matter in the residual sludge dispersed into the water acts as an internal carbon source, reducing the need for external carbon sources. Therefore, the residual sludge cavitation treatment system provided by this invention achieves resource recovery, volume reduction, stabilization, and harmlessness treatment of residual sludge, and has good practicality.
[0008] In some embodiments, the number of the flow channels is multiple, and the multiple flow channels are configured to cause multiple streams of fluid flowing out of the multiple flow channels to converge in the first cavitation chamber and form a swirling flow.
[0009] In some embodiments, the cavitation generating device further includes a second cavitation housing connected to the first cavitation housing, the second cavitation housing having a second cavitation chamber communicating with the first cavitation chamber.
[0010] In some embodiments, the flow area of the second cavitation chamber gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet of the second cavitation shell.
[0011] In some embodiments, the residual sludge cavitation treatment system provided by the present invention further includes a cavitation collision device having multiple cavitation generating devices. The cavitation collision device includes a cavitation collision chamber having a cavitation collision chamber and an output pipeline communicating with the cavitation collision chamber. The outlets of the multiple cavitation generating devices are disposed in the cavitation collision chamber, and the cavitation collision chamber is configured to cause the residual sludge flowing out of the outlets of the multiple cavitation generating devices to collide with each other.
[0012] In some embodiments, the centerline of the plurality of cavitation generating devices passes through the center of the cavitation collision chamber.
[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of the cavitation generating devices are arranged circumferentially relative to the center of the cavitation collision chamber.
[0014] In some embodiments, the pretreatment module includes a sludge crusher and a filtration unit connected in sequence. The sludge crusher is used to crush the remaining sludge, and the filtration unit is used to filter the crushed remaining sludge.
[0015] In some embodiments, the filtration unit includes a plurality of filters connected downstream of the sludge crusher, the plurality of filters being connected in parallel, and valves being provided upstream and downstream of the filters, respectively.
[0016] In some embodiments, the pretreatment module further includes a first pressure transmitter located upstream of the sludge crusher and a second pressure transmitter located downstream of the filtration unit, respectively. The first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter are configured to clean the sludge crusher and / or the filtration unit when the difference between the value detected by the first pressure transmitter and the value detected by the second pressure transmitter reaches a first predetermined value.
[0017] In some embodiments, the residual sludge cavitation treatment system further includes a backwashing line configured such that the backwashing fluid flows from the outlet of the cavitation treatment module to the inlet of the cavitation treatment module.
[0018] In some embodiments, a flow meter is further provided on the backwash pipeline, a third pressure transmitter is provided upstream of the outlet of the cavitation treatment module on the backwash pipeline, and a fourth pressure transmitter is provided downstream of the inlet of the cavitation treatment module on the backwash pipeline. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system has at least the following operating modes:
[0019] In operating mode one, when the value detected by the flow meter is less than the second predetermined value, the backwash fluid is supplied to the backwash pipeline;
[0020] In operating mode two, when the difference between the value detected by the third pressure transmitter and the value detected by the fourth pressure transmitter is less than a third predetermined value, the supply of backwash fluid to the backwash pipeline is stopped.
[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for treating residual sludge by cavitation, the method using the aforementioned residual sludge cavitation treatment system to treat the residual sludge, comprising:
[0022] The pretreatment module is used to pretreat the remaining sludge;
[0023] The remaining sludge is transported to the guide channel, causing cavitation bubbles to form in the remaining sludge.
[0024] The remaining sludge that has passed through the guide channel is transported to the first cavitation chamber, whereby the remaining sludge undergoes cavitation.
[0025] In some embodiments, the pretreatment method includes: crushing and filtering the remaining sludge; wherein the crushing is performed in a sludge crusher of the pretreatment module, and the filtering is performed in a filtration unit of the pretreatment module.
[0026] In some embodiments, the residual sludge cavitation treatment method described herein further includes: backwashing the cavitation treatment module.
[0027] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description
[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the residual sludge cavitation treatment system provided by the present invention;
[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the cavitation collision device provided by the present invention;
[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cavitation collision device provided by the present invention;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cavitation collision device provided by the present invention;
[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the cavitation generating device provided by the present invention, excluding the input pipeline;
[0033] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the first cavitation unit provided by the present invention, along the direction parallel to the flow cross section of the input pipeline;
[0034] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the first cavitation unit provided by the present invention, along the direction parallel to the flow cross section of the input pipeline;
[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cavitation generating device provided by the present invention, excluding the input pipeline.
[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures
[0037] 1-Sludge crusher; 2-First filter; 3-Second filter; 4-Third filter; 5-Pump; 6-Cavitation module; 7-First valve; 8-Second valve; 9-Third valve; 10-Fourth valve; 11-Fifth valve; 12-Sixth valve; 13-Seventh valve; 14-Eighth valve; 15-Ninth valve; 16-Tenth valve; 17-Check valve; 18-First pressure transmitter; 19-Second pressure transmitter; 20-Third pressure transmitter 21-Fourth pressure transmitter; 22-Flow meter; 23-Residual sludge return pipeline; 24-Backwash pipeline; 100-Cavitation generator; 101-First cavitation unit; 1011-First cavitation shell; 1012-First cavitation chamber; 1013-Guide channel; 102-Second cavitation shell; 103-Input pipeline; 200-Cavitation collision device; 201-Cavitation collision cavity; 202-Cavitation collision chamber; 203-Output pipeline. Detailed Implementation
[0038] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.
[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0041] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0043] This invention addresses the problem of generating a large amount of residual sludge during wastewater treatment processes in existing technologies by providing a residual sludge cavitation treatment system and method. This system reduces the volume of residual sludge and replenishes internal carbon sources, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of residual sludge.
[0044] The first aspect of the present invention provides a residual sludge cavitation treatment system, referring to Figure 1 as well as Figures 5-7 As shown, the residual sludge cavitation treatment system includes a pretreatment module and a cavitation treatment module 6 connected in sequence. The cavitation treatment module 6 includes a cavitation generating device 100 for receiving residual sludge from the pretreatment module. The cavitation generating device 100 includes an input pipe 103 and a first cavitation unit 101 connected in sequence. The first cavitation unit 101 includes a first cavitation shell 1011 having a first cavitation chamber 1012 and a guide channel 1013 penetrating the first cavitation shell 1011 and connected at both ends to the input pipe 103 and the first cavitation chamber 1012, respectively. The flow area of the guide channel 1013 is smaller than the flow area of the input pipe 103 and the first cavitation chamber 1012. The guide channel 1013 is configured to generate cavitation bubbles in the fluid, and the first cavitation chamber 1012 is configured to cause at least some of the cavitation bubbles to collapse.
[0045] In the residual sludge cavitation treatment system provided by this invention, the residual sludge, after pretreatment by the pretreatment module, flows into the guide channel 1013 from the input pipe 103. Since the flow area of the guide channel 1013 is smaller than that of the input pipe 103, under the condition that the fluid flow rate remains constant, the fluid velocity increases after flowing into the guide channel 1013, and the static pressure decreases. When the static pressure drops below the fluid's saturated vapor pressure, some of the fluid vaporizes and forms cavitation bubbles. The fluid carrying the cavitation bubbles enters the first cavitation chamber 1012. Since the flow area of the first cavitation chamber 1012 is larger than that of the guide channel 1013, the fluid velocity decreases, and the static pressure increases. When the static pressure rises above the fluid's saturated vapor pressure, the cavitation bubbles in the fluid no longer have the conditions to exist, and thus collapse, generating cavitation. In addition, after the fluid enters the first cavitation chamber 1012, some of the fluid will impact the inner wall of the first cavitation shell 1011, causing some cavitation bubbles to collapse and further enhancing the cavitation effect.
[0046] During cavitation, extremely high temperatures and strong pressure waves are generated around the cavitation cavities. These extreme physical conditions are sufficient to break up large clusters of microorganisms in the residual sludge, destroy bacterial flocs, and rupture microbial cell walls. After cavitation treatment, the bacterial communities and flocs in the residual sludge are dispersed, and the floc structure and microbial cell walls of the residual sludge are destroyed. This makes the previously difficult-to-degrade organic matter in the residual sludge readily degradable. Re-introducing the cavitated residual sludge into the biological system can significantly reduce sludge production, achieving source reduction of residual sludge. Furthermore, the degradable organic matter in the residual sludge dispersed into the water acts as an internal carbon source, reducing the need for external carbon sources. Therefore, the residual sludge cavitation treatment system provided by this invention achieves resource recovery, volume reduction, stabilization, and harmlessness treatment of residual sludge, and has good practicality.
[0047] The specific structure of the cavitation processing module 6 of the present invention is described in detail below.
[0048] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, there can be multiple guide channels 1013. The fluid transported by the input pipe 103 is divided into multiple streams and enters multiple guide channels 1013 respectively. The multiple streams of fluid flowing out of the multiple guide channels 1013 converge in the first cavitation chamber 1012 and can form a swirling flow. The swirling flow formed after the multiple streams of fluid converge in the first cavitation chamber 1012 avoids straight-line collisions when the multiple streams of fluid converge, which would result in significant fluid energy loss. In addition, compared to setting a single guide channel 1013, setting multiple guide channels 1013, where the fluid transported by the input pipe 103 flows into the first cavitation chamber 1012 and converges through multiple guide channels 1013, is more conducive to reducing fluid energy loss.
[0049] In some embodiments, the centerlines of any two guide channels 1013 do not coincide, preventing straight-line collisions when multiple fluid streams converge. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, there are four flow guide channels 1013. The centers of two flow guide channels 1013 are in the same vertical direction, and the center lines of the two flow guide channels 1013 are staggered, that is, the center lines of the two flow guide channels 1013 are deviated from the vertical direction. The centers of the other two flow guide channels 1013 are in the same horizontal direction, and the center lines of the two flow guide channels 1013 are staggered, that is, the center lines of the two flow guide channels 1013 are deviated from the horizontal direction.
[0050] Furthermore, the centerline of the guide channel 1013 is substantially tangential to the swirling flow formed in the first cavitation chamber 1012. When the fluid flowing out of the guide channel 1013 enters the swirling flow in a direction tangential to it, the flow direction of the fluid at the tangential point is the same as the flow direction of the fluid in the swirling flow, thereby continuously accelerating the velocity of the swirling flow. That is, the fluid enters the first cavitation chamber 1012 through multiple guide channels 1013 to form a swirling flow, and the multiple streams of fluid flowing out of the multiple guide channels 1013 also form a tangential acceleration, continuously increasing the velocity of the swirling flow, which in turn contributes to the cavitation effect.
[0051] In some embodiments, a plurality of guide channels 1013 are uniformly arranged circumferentially along the outer wall of the first cavitation shell 1011 to further improve the swirling stability and facilitate the generation of cavitation bubbles by fluid vaporization.
[0052] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 2-5 As shown, the cavitation generating device provided by the present invention further includes a second cavitation shell 102 connected to the first cavitation shell 1011. The second cavitation shell 102 has a second cavitation chamber communicating with the first cavitation chamber 1012. When fluid enters the second cavitation chamber from the first cavitation chamber 1012, due to the inertia of the swirling flow, the fluid maintains a swirling state in the second cavitation chamber while moving in a spiral motion from the inlet to the outlet of the second cavitation chamber. During the spiral motion, the fluid can continuously collide with the inner wall of the second cavitation shell 102, causing the continuously forming and growing cavitation bubbles in the fluid to frequently collapse near the inner wall surface of the second cavitation shell 102, further enhancing the intensity of fluid cavitation.
[0053] According to an embodiment of the cavitation generating device provided by the present invention, the shapes of the second cavitation housing 102 and the second cavitation chamber can be arbitrary. For example, the second cavitation housing 102 is cylindrical, and a cylindrical second cavitation chamber is formed inside it. Alternatively, refer to... Figures 2-5As shown, the second cavitation shell and the second cavitation chamber are cone-shaped in cross section. That is, the flow area of the second cavitation chamber gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet of the second cavitation shell, so that the flow velocity of the fluid continuously increases from the inlet to the outlet of the second cavitation shell, further enhancing the intensity of fluid cavitation.
[0054] It should be noted that the cross-sectional shape of the first cavitation shell 1011 and the first cavitation chamber 1012 along the swirling direction can be circular, for example, referring to... Figure 6 As shown, or the cross-sectional shape can be square, for example, refer to Figure 7 As shown, the cross-sectional shape can also be elliptical or any polygon. Similarly, the cross-sectional shape of the guide channel 1013 along the flow direction can be circular, elliptical or any polygon, as long as the flow area of the fluid guide channel 1013 is smaller than the flow area of the input pipe 103 and smaller than the flow area of the first cavitation chamber 1012. In this way, when the fluid transported by the input pipe 103 flows into the guide channel 1013, the flow velocity increases, the static pressure of the fluid decreases, and cavitation bubbles are generated. When the fluid flows from the guide channel 1013 into the first cavitation chamber 1012, the flow velocity of the fluid decreases, the static pressure of the fluid increases, the cavitation bubbles collapse, and cavitation occurs.
[0055] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the first cavitation housing 1011 and the second cavitation housing 102 are integral structures, or the first cavitation housing 1011 and the second cavitation housing 102 can be detachably connected. For example, the first cavitation housing 1011 has a first threaded hole that penetrates the first cavitation housing 1011. The first threaded hole is offset from the guide groove 1013. The end face of the second cavitation housing near the first cavitation housing 1011 has a second threaded hole that corresponds to the first threaded hole, so that the first cavitation housing 1011 and the second cavitation housing 102 can be detachably connected by fastening bolts.
[0056] Furthermore, the residual sludge cavitation treatment system provided by the present invention also includes a cavitation collision device 200, which includes a plurality of cavitation generating devices 100, a cavitation collision chamber 201 having a cavitation collision chamber 202, and an output pipe 203 communicating with the cavitation collision chamber 202. The outlets of the plurality of cavitation generating devices 100 are disposed in the cavitation collision chamber 202, and the cavitation collision chamber 202 is configured to cause the fluids flowing out of the outlets of the plurality of cavitation generating devices 100 to collide with each other.
[0057] As mentioned above, after the fluid enters the first cavitation chamber 1012 of the cavitation generator 100, the swirling fluid enters the second cavitation chamber from the first cavitation chamber 1012, where the fluid velocity increases. Simultaneously, the fluid swirls and advances along the inlet towards the outlet of the second cavitation chamber. The fluid then moves to the outlet of the second cavitation chamber and is swirled into the cavitation collision chamber 202 of the cavitation collision chamber 201. Since the outlets of multiple cavitation generators 100, i.e., the outlets of the second cavitation chambers, are located in the cavitation collision chamber 202, and the fluid swirls and collides after entering the cavitation collision chamber 202 from the outlets of multiple cavitation generators 100, the short-range swirling jet of the fluid can generate strong shearing, friction, stretching, and collision effects, further promoting the continuous regeneration of cavitation bubbles and generating cavitation impact energy at the level of hundreds of megapascals, thereby further enhancing the cavitation intensity.
[0058] In some embodiments, the centerlines of the plurality of cavitation generating devices 100 may be offset from the center of the cavitation collision chamber 202, as long as it is ensured that the fluid swirling out of each cavitation generating device 100 can collide in the cavitation collision chamber 202. Figures 2-4 As shown, the centerline of the multiple cavitation generating devices 100 passes through the center of the cavitation collision chamber 202, further enhancing the collision effect of the fluids ejected by the multiple cavitation generating devices 100 in a swirling manner, thereby increasing the fluid cavitation intensity.
[0059] In some embodiments, the centerline of the output conduit 203 passes through the center of the cavitation collision chamber 202, such that the fluids ejected by the swirling jets of the plurality of cavitation generating devices 100 collide essentially at the center of the cavitation collision chamber 202, cavitating, and then enter the output conduit 203 from that center.
[0060] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 2-4 As shown, multiple cavitation generating devices 100 are uniformly arranged circumferentially relative to the center of the cavitation collision chamber 202, further improving the stability of fluid collision and facilitating further cavitation of the fluid. It should be noted that the number of cavitation generating devices 100 in the cavitation collision device 200 of this invention can be either odd or even, for example, referring to... Figure 4 As shown, there are three cavitation generating devices 100. To ensure the stability of the fluid collision, the outlets of the three cavitation generating devices 100 are aligned with the center of the cavitation collision chamber 202, and the angle between the centerlines of any two cavitation generating devices 100 is 120°. Of course, the number of cavitation generating devices 100 can also be 5, 7, 9, etc. The number of cavitation generating devices 100 can be even, for example, 2, 4, 6, 8, etc. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, there are four cavitation generating devices 100. To ensure the stability of fluid collision, the outlets of every two cavitation generating devices 100 are aligned with each other and also with the center of the cavitation collision chamber 202.
[0061] It should also be noted that the shape of the cavitation collision cavity 201 provided by the present invention can be one of a sphere, an ellipsoid, a cylinder, a cone or a polyhedron, and the flow cross-sectional shape of the input pipe 103 and the output pipe 203 can be one of a circle, an ellipse or a polygon.
[0062] The following describes one embodiment of the cavitation collision device 200 provided by the present invention.
[0063] According to one embodiment of the cavitation collision device 200 of the present invention, the cavitation collision device 200 includes a tubular cavitation collision cavity 201, a cylindrical cavitation collision chamber 202 is formed inside the cavitation collision cavity 201, an output pipe 203 communicates with the cavitation collision chamber 202, and the centerline of the output pipe 203 passes through the center of the cavitation collision chamber 202. The cavitation collision device 200 provided by the present invention includes three cavitation generating devices 100, each cavitation generating device 100 including a first cavitation unit 101 and a second cavitation housing 102 coaxially connected. The second cavitation housings 102 are arranged in the cavitation collision cavity 201 at 120° intervals from each other along their centerlines. The first cavitation unit 101 and the second cavitation housing 102 of the cavitation generating device 100 are disposed inside the cavitation collision chamber 202, and at least a portion of the input pipe 103 extends into the cavitation collision cavity 201. The first cavitation shell 1011 and the second cavitation shell 102 are detachably connected. The first cavitation shell 1011 is cylindrical in shape, and the second cavitation shell 102 is conical in shape.
[0064] The first cavitation unit includes three guide channels 1013, which radially penetrate the first cavitation shell 1011 and are uniformly arranged along the radial outer wall of the first cavitation shell 1011. The inlet pipe 103 transports fluid axially. When the fluid reaches the first cavitation shell 1011, it flows radially into the guide channels 1013, generating cavitation bubbles. The fluid then enters the first cavitation chamber 1012, forming a swirling flow, and at least some of the cavitation bubbles collapse, resulting in cavitation. When the three fluid streams enter the first cavitation chamber 1012 from the three guide channels 1013, each stream will accelerate the others along a tangential direction, further accelerating the swirling flow. Simultaneously, the three streams also progressively superimpose thrust, causing the fluid to enter the second cavitation chamber from the first cavitation chamber 1012 and spirally propel itself along the conical second cavitation chamber from the large-diameter inlet towards the small-diameter outlet. During this spiral propulsion, the fluid velocity increases. Furthermore, the fluid is ejected at high speed from the outlets of the three second cavitation chambers and collides with each other in the cavitation collision chamber 202, generating strong shearing, friction, stretching and collision effects, which further promotes the continuous regeneration of cavitation bubbles and releases more energy, thereby enhancing the intensity of cavitation. Subsequently, the fluid is transported out of the cavitation collision device 200 from the output pipe 203.
[0065] The following describes in detail the implementation of the preprocessing module of the present invention.
[0066] In some embodiments, the pretreatment module includes a sludge crusher 1 and a filtration unit connected in sequence. The sludge crusher 1 is used to crush the remaining sludge, and the filtration unit is used to filter the crushed remaining sludge. After crushing and filtration, the remaining sludge can avoid the presence of large particles that could clog the cavitation treatment module 6.
[0067] In some embodiments, the filtration unit includes multiple filters connected downstream of the sludge crusher 1, the multiple filters being connected in parallel, and valves being provided upstream and downstream of the filters respectively. Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the residual sludge cavitation treatment system of the present invention, the filtration unit includes a first filter 2 and a second filter 3 respectively connected downstream of the sludge crusher 1. The first filter 2 and the second filter 3 are connected in parallel, with one of the first filter 2 and the other being used as a backup. A second valve 8 and a third valve 9, a fourth valve 10 and a fifth valve 11 are respectively provided upstream and downstream of the first filter 2 and the second filter 3, so as to facilitate cleaning and maintenance of the first filter 2 or the second filter 3 without affecting the normal operation of the residual sludge cavitation treatment system.
[0068] In some embodiments, the pretreatment module further includes a first pressure transmitter 18 located upstream of the sludge crusher 1 and a second pressure transmitter 19 located downstream of the filter unit. The first pressure transmitter 18 and the second pressure transmitter 19 are configured such that when the difference between the value detected by the first pressure transmitter 18 and the value detected by the second pressure transmitter 19 reaches a first predetermined value, the sludge crusher 1 and / or the filter unit is blocked or malfunctions, and at this time, the sludge crusher 1 and / or the filter unit needs to be cleaned or the malfunction needs to be troubleshooted.
[0069] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the residual sludge cavitation treatment system provided by the present invention also includes a backwashing pipeline 24. The backwashing pipeline 24 is configured such that the flow direction of the backwashing fluid is from the outlet of the cavitation treatment module 6 to the inlet of the cavitation treatment module 6, thereby completing the backwashing of the cavitation treatment module 6 and avoiding blockage of the cavitation treatment module 6.
[0070] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 As shown, a flow meter 22 is also installed on the backwash pipeline 24. A third pressure transmitter 20 is installed upstream of the outlet of the cavitation treatment module 6 on the backwash pipeline 24, and a fourth pressure transmitter 21 is installed downstream of the inlet of the cavitation treatment module 6 on the backwash pipeline 24. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system provided by the present invention has at least the following operating modes:
[0071] In the first working mode, when the value detected by the flow meter 22 is less than the second predetermined value, the cavitation treatment module 6 becomes blocked and backwash fluid is delivered to the backwash pipeline 24. The backwash fluid flows into the cavitation treatment module 6 from the outlet of the cavitation treatment module 6 through the backwash pipeline 24 and then flows out from the outlet of the cavitation treatment module 6, thereby achieving backwashing of the cavitation treatment module 6.
[0072] In the second working mode, when the difference between the value detected by the third pressure transmitter 20 and the value detected by the fourth pressure transmitter 21 is less than the third predetermined value, it indicates that the blockage problem of the cavitation treatment module 6 has been resolved, and the backwash fluid is stopped from being delivered to the backwash pipeline 24.
[0073] The working process of the residual sludge cavitation treatment system of the present invention is described below.
[0074] Reference Figure 1As shown, the residual sludge cavitation treatment system includes a residual sludge return pipeline 23 for conveying residual sludge. The residual sludge return pipeline 23 is sequentially equipped with a first pressure transmitter 18, a first valve 7, a sludge crusher 1, a filter unit, a second pressure transmitter 19, a third filter 4, a pump 5, a flow meter 22, a third pressure transmitter 20, a sixth valve 12, a cavitation treatment module 6, and a seventh valve 13 along the flow direction of the residual sludge. The backwash line 24 includes a first backwash branch, a second backwash branch, and a third backwash branch. The outlet of the first backwash branch is connected to the residual sludge return line 23, located upstream of the third filter 4 and downstream of the second pressure transmitter 19. The inlet of the second backwash branch is connected to the residual sludge return line 23, located between the pump 5 and the sixth valve 12. The outlet of the second backwash branch is connected to the residual sludge return line 23, located between the outlet of the cavitation treatment module 6 and the seventh valve 13. The inlet of the third backwash branch is connected to the residual sludge return line 23, located between the sixth valve 12 and the inlet of the cavitation treatment module 6. An eighth valve 14 is installed on the first backwash branch. A ninth valve 15 and a check valve 17 are installed on the second backwash branch. The check valve 17 restricts the backwash fluid to flow only from the inlet to the outlet of the second backwash branch. A tenth valve 16 and a fourth pressure transmitter 21 are installed on the third backwash branch.
[0075] When the residual sludge cavitation treatment system performs cavitation treatment on the residual sludge, the first valve 7, the sixth valve 12, and the seventh valve 13 are opened, and one set of the second valve 8, the third valve 9, the fourth valve 10, and the fifth valve 11 is opened while the other set is closed. The eighth valve 14, the ninth valve 15, and the tenth valve 16 are closed. After the residual sludge is transported into the residual sludge return pipeline 23, it is first crushed and then filtered through the first filter 2 or the second filter 3. Then it enters the pump 5, and after the pump 5 increases the head, it is transported to the cavitation treatment module 6 for cavitation treatment. Finally, the residual sludge is output to the residual sludge return pipeline 23 for further processing.
[0076] The first valve 7 to the tenth valve 16 can be opened and closed manually or automatically through the control system. For example, the first valve 7 to the tenth valve 16 can be electric valves. The electric valves are connected to the control system by electrical signals and can be opened and closed automatically through the control system.
[0077] Flow meter 22 monitors the flow rate of residual sludge on residual sludge return pipeline 23. When the flow rate monitored by flow meter 22 is lower than a second predetermined value, it prompts on-site personnel to perform backwashing maintenance on cavitation treatment module 6. Specifically, valves 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 are closed, while valves 14, 15, and 16 are opened. Backwash fluid, such as pressurized clean tap water, is filtered through third filter 4, pumped by pump 5 to increase its head, and then transported into cavitation treatment module 6 from its outlet to backwash the module. The backwash fluid is discharged from inlet of cavitation treatment module 6 and discharged from the residual sludge cavitation treatment system of the present invention via the third backwash branch. When the pressure difference between third pressure transmitter 20 and fourth pressure transmitter 21 is less than a third predetermined value, the backwashing operation is stopped.
[0078] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for treating residual sludge by cavitation, comprising:
[0079] The remaining sludge is pretreated using a pretreatment module;
[0080] The remaining sludge is transported to the diversion channel 1013, causing the remaining sludge to generate cavitation bubbles;
[0081] The remaining sludge that has passed through the guide channel 1013 is transported to the first cavitation chamber 1012 to cavitate the remaining sludge.
[0082] In some embodiments, the pretreatment method includes crushing and filtering the remaining sludge; wherein crushing is performed in the sludge crusher 1 of the pretreatment module, and filtering is performed in the filtration unit of the pretreatment module.
[0083] In some embodiments, the residual sludge cavitation treatment method provided by the present invention further includes: backwashing the cavitation treatment module 6.
[0084] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various specific technical features in any suitable manner. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A residual sludge cavitation treatment system, characterized in that, include: A pretreatment module and a cavitation treatment module (6) are connected in sequence. The cavitation treatment module (6) includes a cavitation generating device (100) for receiving the residual sludge from the pretreatment module. The cavitation generating device (100) includes an input pipe (103) and a first cavitation unit (101) connected in sequence. The first cavitation unit (101) includes a first cavitation shell (1011) having a first cavitation chamber (1012) and a guide channel (1013) penetrating the first cavitation shell (1011) and having both ends connected to the input pipe (103) and the first cavitation chamber (1012) respectively. The flow area of the guide channel (1013) is smaller than the flow area of the input pipe (103) and the first cavitation chamber (1012). The guide channel (1013) is configured to generate cavitation bubbles in at least a portion of the fluid, and the first cavitation chamber (1012) is configured to cause at least a portion of the cavitation bubbles to collapse.
2. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the flow channels (1013) is multiple, and the multiple flow channels (1013) are configured to cause multiple streams of fluid flowing out of the multiple flow channels (1013) to converge in the first cavitation chamber (1012) and form a swirling flow.
3. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cavitation generating device further includes a second cavitation housing (102) connected to the first cavitation housing (1011), the second cavitation housing (102) having a second cavitation chamber communicating with the first cavitation chamber (1012).
4. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow area of the second cavitation chamber gradually decreases from the inlet of the second cavitation shell (102) to the outlet of the second cavitation shell (102).
5. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The residual sludge cavitation treatment system further includes a cavitation collision device (200) having multiple cavitation generating devices (100), the cavitation collision device (200) including a cavitation collision chamber (201) having a cavitation collision chamber (202) and an output pipe (203) communicating with the cavitation collision chamber (202), the outlets of the multiple cavitation generating devices (100) being disposed in the cavitation collision chamber (202), the cavitation collision chamber (202) being configured to cause the residual sludge flowing out of the outlets of the multiple cavitation generating devices (100) to collide with each other.
6. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The centerlines of the plurality of cavitation generating devices (100) pass through the center of the cavitation collision chamber (202).
7. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plurality of cavitation generating devices (100) are uniformly arranged circumferentially relative to the center of the cavitation collision chamber (202).
8. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment module includes a sludge crusher (1) and a filtration unit connected in sequence. The sludge crusher (1) is used to crush the remaining sludge, and the filtration unit is used to filter the crushed remaining sludge.
9. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The filtration unit includes multiple filters connected downstream of the sludge crusher (1), the multiple filters are connected in parallel, and valves are respectively provided upstream and downstream of the filters.
10. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pretreatment module further includes a first pressure transmitter (18) located upstream of the sludge crusher (1) and a second pressure transmitter (19) located downstream of the filter unit. The first pressure transmitter (18) and the second pressure transmitter (19) are configured to clean the sludge crusher (1) and / or the filter unit when the difference between the value detected by the first pressure transmitter (18) and the value detected by the second pressure transmitter (19) reaches a first predetermined value.
11. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The residual sludge cavitation treatment system also includes a backwashing pipeline (24), which is configured such that the flow direction of the backwashing fluid is from the outlet of the cavitation treatment module (6) to the inlet of the cavitation treatment module (6).
12. The residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to claim 11, characterized in that, A flow meter (22) is also installed on the backwash pipeline (24). A third pressure transmitter (20) is installed upstream of the outlet of the cavitation treatment module (6) on the backwash pipeline (24). A fourth pressure transmitter (21) is installed downstream of the inlet of the cavitation treatment module (6) on the backwash pipeline (24). The residual sludge cavitation treatment system has at least the following operating modes: In working mode one, when the value detected by the flow meter (22) is less than the second predetermined value, the backwash fluid is delivered to the backwash pipeline (24); In the second working mode, when the difference between the value detected by the third pressure transmitter (20) and the value detected by the fourth pressure transmitter (21) is less than the third predetermined value, the backwash fluid is stopped from being delivered to the backwash pipeline (24).
13. A method for treating excess sludge by cavitation, characterized in that, The residual sludge is treated using the residual sludge cavitation treatment system according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the residual sludge cavitation treatment method comprises: The pretreatment module is used to pretreat the remaining sludge; The remaining sludge is transported to the guide channel (1013) to generate cavitation bubbles in the remaining sludge; The remaining sludge that has passed through the guide channel (1013) is transported to the first cavitation chamber (1012) to cavitate the remaining sludge.
14. The method for treating residual sludge by cavitation according to claim 13, characterized in that, The pretreatment method includes: crushing and filtering the remaining sludge; wherein the crushing is carried out in the sludge crusher (1) of the pretreatment module, and the filtering is carried out in the filtration unit of the pretreatment module.
15. The method for treating residual sludge by cavitation according to claim 13, characterized in that, The residual sludge cavitation treatment method further includes: backwashing the cavitation treatment module (6).