A three-dimensional space support reinforcement system and method

Abstract

A three-dimensional space support reinforcing system and method, comprising: a truss piece and a connecting piece; the truss piece is used for supporting an arc-shaped formwork of a spherical building, two adjacent truss pieces are connected through the connecting piece; the truss pieces are connected through the connecting pieces in sequence, the included angle between adjacent truss pieces is adjusted according to the arc radian of the arc-shaped formwork and is locked to form a ring-shaped truss backrest; a plurality of ring-shaped truss backrests are arranged along the height of the sphere and two adjacent ring-shaped truss backrests are connected through a second support rod to form a net-shaped support structure; the use length of each jacking screw rod on the truss piece is adjusted so that each jacking screw rod is tightly jacked against the arc-shaped formwork, and the truss piece is tightly attached to the arc-shaped formwork. The present application ensures the forming precision and surface smoothness of the spherical concrete structure, realizes the high universality of the support system, greatly reduces the material cost, and improves the turnover rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy arc-shaped template reinforcement, and more particularly to a three-dimensional spatial support reinforcement system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern architectural engineering technology, irregularly shaped buildings such as spheres and domes, which possess both aesthetic appeal and structural mechanical advantages, are becoming increasingly common. However, when constructing concrete for such irregularly shaped structures, there is still a lack of efficient, universal, and precision-controlled specialized technical solutions for the erection and reinforcement of curved formwork systems. Existing construction practices typically follow the construction approach of conventional planar buildings, or adopt temporary and simplified treatment measures for specific projects, which mainly suffer from the following technical defects and drawbacks:

[0003] Firstly, in terms of support system selection, the industry generally uses the traditional full-span scaffolding erection scheme for flat buildings. This scheme transmits force through direct contact between the top supports and timber beams and the back of the curved formwork. However, spherical structures exhibit isotropic characteristics under stress, generating enormous radial and lateral loads during concrete pouring. Traditional scaffolding is primarily designed to bear vertical loads, and its capacity to bear lateral walers and lateral constraints is severely insufficient. This directly leads to the curved formwork being prone to displacement under the lateral pressure of concrete, resulting in quality accidents such as formwork slippage and bulging, seriously affecting the accuracy of structural dimensions.

[0004] Furthermore, for spherical projects with a specific radius of curvature, construction teams often need to weld prefabricated supports on-site. This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but the welding work is also greatly affected by the environment, making it difficult to guarantee construction quality. On the other hand, once such on-site welded or custom-made supports are formed, they are non-standard parts for a specific curvature. Due to the limitation of curvature adaptability after project completion, they often cannot be reused for spherical building projects with other curvature specifications, resulting in the idleness and waste of a large amount of fixed assets such as steel and auxiliary materials, and extremely poor overall construction economy.

[0005] Finally, regarding the stability control of the concrete pouring process, existing curved formwork systems lack a circumferential constraint mechanism specifically designed for the characteristics of spherical structures. During the high-strength concrete pouring and vibration process, the curved formwork system lacks effective circumferential clamping force, which can easily lead to radial displacement or uneven settlement of the entire curved formwork, resulting in structural axis deviation. In summary, the industry currently lacks a technical solution for supporting and reinforcing curved formwork for spherical buildings that can simultaneously achieve strong versatility, good support, strong constraint, and ease of construction. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provides a three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system and method for spherical buildings that is versatile, provides good support, has strong constraint force and is easy to construct.

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system, comprising: truss members and connectors; the truss members are used to support the arc-shaped template of a spherical building, adjacent truss members are connected by the connectors, and the angle between the two connected truss members is adjustable; the connectors also have a locking function, used to lock and fix the two truss members after they are adjusted to an angle that matches the arc of the arc template, so as to maintain a constant angle between them; multiple truss members are sequentially connected by the connectors to form an annular truss back rib with an arc that is basically consistent with the arc of the arc template, to support the arc template.

[0008] Furthermore, the truss component is provided with multiple top support screws, each of which can be independently adjusted in length; each top support screw is used to tighten the arc-shaped template to ensure that the arc-shaped template is tightly fitted to the annular truss back rib.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a second support rod, which connects two adjacent annular truss back ribs to form a mesh support structure.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a connecting ball joint and a plurality of first support rods; the first end of the first support rod is connected to the connecting ball joint, and the second end of the first support rod is connected to the truss member inside the spherical building. The first support rod is used to support the annular truss back rib to improve the support stability of the three-dimensional space support and reinforcement structure.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a third support rod; the third support rod is used to connect two adjacent first support rods, connecting all the first support rods in series to form an integral structure, further enhancing the rigidity of the entire three-dimensional space support and reinforcement system; it also includes a tensioning end anchor; the tensioning end anchor is set on the first support rod and / or the third support rod, used to lock the prestress of the first support rod and / or the third support rod, prevent the loss of prestress of the support rod, and ensure the stability of the support structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the end of the top support screw facing the arc-shaped template is provided with a slot, which cooperates with the arc-shaped template to ensure that the truss member can stably support the arc-shaped template; the truss member is provided with a pull seat, and the second end of the first support rod is connected to the truss member, with the pull seat and the slot located on opposite sides of the truss member respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the truss components are connected sequentially by connectors, and the included angle between adjacent truss components is adjusted and locked according to the arc of the arc template to form an annular truss back rib; multiple annular truss back ribs are arranged along the height of the sphere and connected to adjacent annular truss back ribs by a second support rod to form a mesh support structure.

[0014] Adjust the length of each top support screw on the truss member so that each top support screw is pressed tightly against the arc-shaped template, thereby making the truss member fit tightly against the arc-shaped template.

[0015] Furthermore, a connecting ball hinge is installed inside the spherical building, and a first support rod is arranged radially outward from the connecting ball hinge and connected to the annular truss back rib; prestress is applied to the first support rod so that the annular truss back rib forms a pre-tight constraint force on the arc-shaped template.

[0016] Furthermore, a third support rod is used to connect two adjacent first support rods, and multiple third support rods at the same height connect multiple first support rods into a whole, thereby improving the stability of the first support rods.

[0017] Furthermore, the connecting ball joint is located at the center of the spherical structure.

[0018] The beneficial contribution of this invention lies in its effective solution to the aforementioned problems. This invention forms a ring-shaped truss back rib through the connection of truss members and connectors, and the angle between adjacent truss members is adjustable. This allows the ring-shaped truss back rib to be applied to spherical buildings with different curvatures, significantly reducing material costs, greatly improving versatility, and increasing turnover rate. A first support rod supports the truss member, and multiple first support rods are connected to a connecting ball joint. Simply fixing the connecting ball joint is sufficient to support the ring-shaped truss back rib and the curved formwork. Compared to traditional full-span scaffolding, this method occupies less space, requires less work, and is more convenient for on-site construction. The truss member is equipped with multiple top-supporting screws. By adjusting the length of the top-supporting screws, the truss member can fully conform to the curved formwork, providing uniform and continuous support and ensuring the forming accuracy and surface smoothness of the spherical concrete structure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system in use.

[0020] Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram showing the connection between the second support rod on the outer side of the spherical building and the back ribs of the two adjacent annular trusses.

[0021] Illustration: 10 back rib of the ring truss, truss member 11, tie rod 111, connector 12, second support rod 20, connecting ball joint 30, first support rod 40, third support rod 50, tie rod 60. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following embodiments are further explanations and supplements to the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system includes: truss members 11 and connectors 12; the truss members 11 are used to support the arc-shaped template of a spherical building, and two adjacent truss members 11 are connected by the connectors 12, and the angle between the two connected truss members 11 can be adjusted. Through this structural design, the truss members 11 and the connectors 12 can flexibly adapt to spherical buildings, arc-shaped buildings and various curved surface buildings with different curvatures, effectively improving the versatility and applicability of the overall structure, and possessing strong scene adaptability. The connectors 12 also have a locking and fixing function, used to lock and fix the two adjacent truss members 11 after they are adjusted to an angle that matches the arc of the arc template, so as to keep the angle between them constant; multiple truss members 11 are connected sequentially by the connectors 12 to form a ring truss back rib 10 with an arc that is basically consistent with the arc of the arc template, to support the arc template. The truss member 11 serves as the main support structure, directly supporting the curved aluminum alloy formwork of the spherical building to withstand the concrete pouring pressure transmitted by the curved formwork, the self-weight of the curved formwork, and other construction loads. The connector 12 is the core component connecting adjacent truss members 11, and has both angle adjustment and locking functions, which is key to enabling the system to adapt to curved formwork with different curvatures.

[0024] The truss member 11 and the connector 12 are detachably connected. Both the truss member 11 and the connector 12 have connecting holes, and the truss member 11 and the connector 12 are detachably connected through these connecting holes and bolts. The connector 12 adopts a double-axis hinge design, allowing the two truss members 11 to rotate at certain angles in both the horizontal and vertical directions to accurately fit the arc curvature at any height of the sphere, providing uniform and continuous support for the arc-shaped template and ensuring the forming accuracy and surface smoothness of the spherical concrete structure. Specifically, the connector 12 has an arc-shaped waist-shaped hole and a locking bolt. After the two truss members 11 rotate to the required angle, they are fixed by the locking bolt. Multiple truss members 11 are sequentially connected through the connector 12 to form a stable annular truss back rib 10 with an arc curvature basically consistent with that of the arc-shaped template. The truss member 11 can be a triangular or quadrilateral truss segment made of lightweight, high-strength aluminum alloy profiles. In this embodiment, a triangular truss segment is selected.

[0025] Furthermore, to ensure a closer fit between the truss member 11 and the curved template, the truss member 11 is equipped with multiple support screws 111, each of which has an independently adjustable length. Each support screw 111 is used to tighten the curved template, ensuring a tight fit between the curved template and the annular truss back rib 10. By independently adjusting the length of each support screw 111, the ends of each support screw 111 are evenly and reliably tightened against the back of the curved template of the spherical building, effectively ensuring a tight fit between the curved template and the annular truss back rib 10, uniform force distribution on the curved template, and avoiding problems such as local gaps, warping, or incomplete fit, thereby meeting the requirements for precise positioning and reliable support of the curved template. This solution, through multi-point distributed support and the independent adjustment of the tightening force of each support screw 111, achieves uniform force distribution on the curved template along the curved surface direction, significantly reducing the probability of local deformation of the curved template and improving the overall stability of the curved template system.

[0026] The length adjustment mechanism of each of the top support screws 111 can be configured with the same structure or with different structures. In this embodiment, all the top support screws 111 uniformly adopt the adjustment structure of screw plus fixed nut, that is, the extension length is independently adjusted by the threaded engagement of screw and nut.

[0027] Furthermore, the three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system also includes a second support rod 20, used to enhance the support effect of the annular truss back rib 10 on the arc-shaped template. For example... Figure 2 The diagram shows a partial schematic of the second support rod 20 on the outer side of the spherical building connecting two adjacent annular truss back ribs 10. The second support rod 20 connects two adjacent annular truss back ribs 10, linking the individual annular truss back ribs 10 into a whole, forming a mesh support structure that provides stable support for the curved formwork of the spherical building. The distance between any two adjacent second support rods 20 connecting the two adjacent annular truss back ribs 10 is the same. The second support rod 20 connects the dispersed annular truss back ribs 10 into a mesh support structure, ensuring that the load from the curved formwork is evenly distributed and shared among the multiple annular truss back ribs 10. This avoids uneven stress and local instability on a single annular truss back rib 10, improves the safety of the support system, significantly enhances the overall deformation resistance, ensures the precise relative position of each annular truss, and prevents the curved formwork from shifting, bulging, or deforming during the pouring process. Furthermore, the truss member 11 is provided with clamps or fasteners, which can be used to fix it to the second support rod 20.

[0028] Furthermore, the three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system also includes a connecting ball joint 30 and multiple first support rods 40. The first ends of the first support rods 40 are connected to the connecting ball joint 30, and the second ends are connected to the truss members 11. The first support rods 40 are used to support the annular truss back rib 10 on the inner side of the spherical building, and are connected to the annular truss back rib 10 on both the inner and outer sides of the spherical building via tie rods 60, thereby improving the support stability of the three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement structure. The connecting ball joint 30 is located inside the spherical building and is equipped with a corresponding support structure to support the connecting ball joint 30 to withstand the concentrated load transmitted by the multiple first support rods 40, ensuring the overall support system is stable and reliable. For example, the support structure can be composed of vertical support rods and diagonal support rods. Multiple first support rods 40 are radially distributed around the connecting ball joint 30, respectively connecting to multiple segments of the truss members 11 of the annular truss back rib 10, forming a spatial radial support system. The first support rod 40 is used to provide multi-directional and synchronous spatial support and force transmission for the annular truss back rib 10. The local load on the annular truss back rib 10 is collected to the connecting ball joint 30 through each first support rod 40 and evenly distributed. This effectively offsets the local stress concentration at the splicing node of the truss member 11, restricts the radial deflection and circumferential deformation of the annular truss back rib 10, and significantly improves the overall support stability, lateral stiffness and force uniformity of the three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement structure. This ensures the positioning accuracy and structural safety of the spherical building annular arc formwork under construction load. This invention uses multiple first support rods 40 radially distributed around a connecting ball joint 30 to support the annular truss back rib 10. Among the first support rods 40 supporting the same annular truss back rib 10, the distance between any two adjacent first support rods 40 is the same. The design of the support structure supporting the connecting ball joint 30 results in a clear and uniform force path, significantly improving the overall stiffness and stability of the support system. This effectively avoids the problems of local instability, overall misalignment, and deformation that are prone to occur in traditional scaffolding due to dense members and weak nodes. Simultaneously, this structure greatly reduces the amount of support structure used, provides a spacious internal construction space, facilitates worker operations, and makes it easier to ensure construction safety and finishing quality. Preferably, the connecting ball joint 30 is located at the center of the spherical building, and all the first support rods 40 are radially and uniformly arranged around the center. The axial force of each first support rod 40 points towards or away from the center of the sphere. The first support rod 40 only bears axial tensile and compressive forces, without generating additional eccentric bending moments and shear forces. The force path is simple and efficient, and the node stress state is optimal.

[0029] Furthermore, a turnbuckle or tensioning end anchor is provided at the middle of the first support rod 40 to apply prestress to the first support rod 40. During construction, by rotating the turnbuckle or tensioning end anchor, a pre-tension force meeting the design requirements can be applied to each of the first support rods 40. This pre-tension force is evenly transmitted to the arc-shaped formwork through the annular truss back rib 10, ensuring that the annular truss back rib 10 always presses against the arc-shaped formwork, thereby effectively resisting the outward expansion force generated during concrete pouring, significantly reducing the outward deformation of the arc-shaped formwork, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and smoothness of the spherical building surface, and avoiding problems such as formwork bulging, formwork displacement, and out-of-tolerance structural dimensions.

[0030] Furthermore, the surface of the connecting ball joint 30 is provided with a plurality of threaded connecting holes, and the first end of the first support rod 40 is threadedly connected to the connecting holes. The second end of the first support rod 40 can be connected to the truss member 11 or the connecting member 12. Preferably, the second end of the first support rod 40 is connected to the truss member 11.

[0031] Furthermore, the three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system also includes a third support rod 50, used to enhance the stability of the first support rod 40. The third support rod 50 connects two adjacent first support rods 40, connecting all the first support rods 40 in series to form a unified structure, further enhancing the rigidity of the entire three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system. The number of third support rods 50 between two adjacent first support rods 40 is at least one, and the number of third support rods 50 can be appropriately increased according to the length of the first support rods 40. The third support rod 50 connects multiple dispersed and independent first support rods 40 laterally into a unified whole, constraining the relative displacement between the first support rods 40, allowing multiple first support rods 40 to share the load transmitted from the arc-shaped formwork, coordinating the force rather than bearing the force individually, preventing tilting, outward expansion, or inward contraction deformation of a single first support rod 40, forming a stable circumferential or radial support frame. Connecting the first support rods 40 together through the third support rod 50 allows the load to be redistributed within the support system, reducing local stress concentration and better resisting lateral pressure and uneven loads during the construction of the spherical arc-shaped formwork. Furthermore, the first support rod 40 is provided with a clamp or fastener, which can be used to fix it to the third support rod 50.

[0032] Furthermore, the three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system is also provided with a tensioning end anchor; the tensioning end anchor is set on the third support rod 50 and is used to apply prestress to the third support rod 50, so that the third support rod 50 can more effectively constrain the relative displacement between the first support rods 40 and ensure the stability of the support structure.

[0033] Furthermore, both the first support rod 40 and the third support rod 50 may be equipped with tensioning end anchors, or only one of them may be equipped with a tensioning end anchor. Preferably, both the first support rod 40 and the third support rod 50 are equipped with tensioning end anchors.

[0034] Furthermore, the end of the top support screw 111 facing the arc-shaped template is provided with a slot, which cooperates with the arc-shaped template to ensure that the truss member 11 can stably support the arc-shaped template. Specifically, the surface of the aluminum alloy arc-shaped template has protruding parts, and the slot matches the protrusions. By abutting the slot against the protrusions, the top support screw 111 can achieve a stable contact between itself and the arc-shaped template.

[0035] Furthermore, the truss member 11 is provided with a pull-in portion, which is located on the side of the truss member 11 opposite to the arc-shaped template, and is used to connect to the second end of the first support rod 40. The slot portion is located on the side of the truss member 11 facing the arc-shaped template and is used to abut against the arc-shaped template. The pull-in portion and the slot portion are respectively located on opposite sides of the truss member 11. Specifically, the zipper portion can be a clamp structure or a jig structure, used to fix the second end of the first support rod 40 to the truss member 11.

[0036] A three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement method involves sequentially connecting truss members 11 via connectors 12, adjusting the included angle between adjacent truss members 11 according to the curvature of the arc template, and locking them to form annular truss back ribs 10. The annular truss back ribs 10 can fit well with the curvature of the arc template. Multiple annular truss back ribs 10 are arranged along the height of the sphere and connected to adjacent annular truss back ribs 10 via second support rods 20 to form a mesh support structure. The length of each top support screw 111 on the truss member 11 is adjusted so that the top support screw 111 is pressed tightly against the arc template, thereby achieving tight fit between the truss member 11 and the arc template.

[0037] Furthermore, a connecting ball joint 30 is installed inside the spherical building. First support rods 40 radiate outward from the connecting ball joint 30 and connect to the annular truss back rib 10. The connecting ball joint 30 is equipped with a corresponding support structure to support it and withstand the concentrated load transmitted by the multiple first support rods 40, ensuring the stability and reliability of the overall support system. For example, the support structure can consist of vertical support rods and diagonal support rods. Prestress is applied to the first support rods 40 to create a pre-tight constraint force between the annular truss back rib 10 and the arc-shaped template.

[0038] Furthermore, a third support rod is used to connect two adjacent first support rods 40. Multiple third support rods at the same height connect multiple first support rods 40 into a whole, improving the stability of the first support rods 40. Clamps or fasteners can be provided on the first support rods 40 to connect the ends of the third support rods 50 to the first support rods 40.

[0039] Furthermore, the connecting ball joint 30 is located at the center of the spherical structure. With the connecting ball joint 30 at the center of the spherical structure, all the first support rods 40 are arranged radially and uniformly around the center. The axial force of each first support rod 40 points towards or away from the center. The first support rods 40 only bear axial tensile and compressive forces, without generating additional eccentric bending moments and shear forces. The force path is simple and efficient, and the stress state at the nodes is optimal.

[0040] Although the present invention has been disclosed through the above embodiments, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, the above components can be replaced by similar or equivalent elements known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system, characterized in that, include: Truss member (11) and connector (12); the truss member (11) is used to support the arc template of the spherical building, two adjacent truss members (11) are connected by the connector (12), and the angle between the two connected truss members (11) is adjustable; The connector (12) also has a locking and fixing function, which is used to lock and fix the two truss members (11) after the two adjacent truss members (11) are adjusted to the angle that matches the arc of the arc template, so as to keep the angle between them constant. Multiple truss members (11) are connected in sequence through the connector (12) to form an annular truss back rib (10) with an arc of basically the same as that of the arc template, so as to support the arc template.

2. The three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The truss member (11) is provided with multiple top support screws (111), and the length of each top support screw (111) can be adjusted independently; each top support screw (111) is used to tighten the arc template to ensure that the arc template is tightly fitted with the annular truss back rib (10).

3. The three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second support rod (20), which connects two adjacent annular truss back ribs (10) to form a mesh support structure.

4. The three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting ball joint (30) and a plurality of first support rods (40); the first end of the first support rod (40) is connected to the connecting ball joint (30), and the second end of the first support rod (40) is connected to the truss member (11) inside the spherical building. The first support rod (40) is used to support the annular truss back rib (10) to improve the support stability of the three-dimensional space support reinforcement structure.

5. A three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a third support rod (50); the third support rod (50) is used to connect two adjacent first support rods (40), and connect all the first support rods (40) in series to form an integral structure, further enhancing the rigidity of the entire three-dimensional space support and reinforcement system; It is also provided with tensioning end anchorage; the tensioning end anchorage is set on the first support rod (40) and / or the third support rod (50) to lock the prestress of the first support rod (40) and / or the third support rod (50), prevent the loss of prestress of the support rod, and ensure the stability of the support structure.

6. A three-dimensional spatial support system for aluminum alloy arc-shaped formwork in spherical buildings as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The top support screw (111) has a slot at the end facing the arc template. The slot cooperates with the arc template to ensure that the truss member (11) can stably support the arc template. The truss member (11) is provided with a pull seat portion, and the second end of the first support rod (40) is connected to the truss member (11) through the pull seat portion. The pull seat portion and the slot portion are respectively located on opposite sides of the truss member (11).

7. A three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement method, characterized in that, The truss members (11) are connected in sequence by connectors (12), and the included angle between adjacent truss members (11) is adjusted and locked according to the arc of the arc template to form an annular truss back rib (10); multiple annular truss back ribs (10) are arranged along the height of the sphere and connected to adjacent two annular truss back ribs (10) through the second support rod (20) to form a mesh support structure. Adjust the length of each top support screw (111) on the truss member (11) so that the top support screw (111) presses against the arc template, so that the truss member (11) is in close contact with the arc template.

8. The three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A connecting ball joint (30) is set inside the spherical building. A first support rod (40) is arranged radially outward from the connecting ball joint (30) and connected to the annular truss back rib (10). Prestress is applied to the first support rod (40) so that the annular truss back rib (10) forms a pre-tight constraint force on the arc-shaped template.

9. A three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Using a third support rod (50) to connect two adjacent first support rods (40), multiple third support rods (50) at the same height connect multiple first support rods (40) into a whole, thereby improving the stability of the first support rods (40).

10. A three-dimensional spatial support and reinforcement method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The connecting ball joint (30) is located at the center of the spherical building.

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