A throttle valve for regulating opening degree of pressure difference of PSA nitrogen generator

Abstract

The application discloses a throttle valve for pressure difference self-adjusting opening degree of a PSA nitrogen generator, and relates to the technical field of throttle valves.The throttle valve comprises a valve body assembly, a valve core assembly, an elastic pre-tightening assembly and an exhaust structure; the valve body assembly is internally provided with a gas flow channel; the gas flow channel is sequentially divided into an inlet threaded interface, a first spherical pressure stabilizing cavity, a linear slide valve cavity, a second spherical regulating cavity and an outlet threaded interface along a flow direction; an annular pressure balance cabin is processed in the valve body outside the periphery of the linear slide valve cavity; and the annular pressure balance cabin is communicated with the linear slide valve cavity through an annular communication groove.The valve core assembly and the elastic pre-tightening assembly are cooperatively driven by pressure difference; when the system pressure difference changes, the slide valve cylinder can automatically slide to adjust the opening degree of the annular throttling gap; the gap is reduced when the pressure rises, and the gap is increased when the pressure falls; the gas flow is kept relatively constant; the nitrogen purity is stabilized due to the flow fluctuation; and the product gas quality consistency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of throttle valve technology, specifically a throttle valve for a PSA nitrogen generator that automatically adjusts the opening degree based on pressure difference. Background Technology

[0002] Throttling valves, as core components in fluid control systems for regulating the flow and pressure of media, are widely used in chemical, energy, and machinery industries. Their performance directly affects the stability and efficiency of system operation.

[0003] Currently, in scenarios requiring dynamic flow control, such as the pressure equalization process in PSA nitrogen generators, standard orifice plates are commonly used as throttling devices. Standard orifice plates can achieve peak flow throttling to a certain extent by utilizing their fluid characteristics. However, the fixed orifice diameter of standard orifice plates makes it impossible to implement more effective throttling regulation based on the pressure changes during the operation of the pressure swing adsorption equipment. Addressing the problems of non-adjustable orifice opening and lack of adaptive adjustment inherent in traditional standard orifice plates, there is an urgent need for a throttling valve with self-adjusting opening based on pressure differential in PSA nitrogen generators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a throttle valve for self-adjusting opening of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention provides a throttle valve for a PSA nitrogen generator with self-adjusting opening due to pressure difference, comprising a valve body assembly, a valve core assembly, an elastic pre-tightening component, and an exhaust structure;

[0007] The valve body assembly has a through gas flow channel inside, which is divided into an inlet threaded interface, a first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber, a linear slide valve chamber, a second spherical adjustment chamber, and an outlet threaded interface along the flow direction. An annular pressure balance chamber is machined in the valve body on the outer periphery of the linear slide valve chamber. The annular pressure balance chamber is connected to the linear slide valve chamber through an annular connecting groove. A first connecting hole and a second connecting hole are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction between the first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber and the linear slide valve chamber, and between the second spherical adjustment chamber and the linear slide valve chamber, respectively.

[0008] The valve core assembly includes a valve cylinder coaxially and slidably mounted in a linear valve cavity and a conical valve seat fixed in a second spherical adjustment cavity. A dynamic sealing ring is fixed in the middle of the valve cylinder. The dynamic sealing ring passes through the connecting groove and forms a sealing sliding pair with the inner wall of the annular pressure balance chamber. An annular throttling gap is formed between the valve cylinder and the conical valve seat.

[0009] The elastic preload assembly is installed between the end face of the annular pressure balance chamber adjacent to the second spherical adjustment chamber and the dynamic sealing ring, and is configured to drive the slide valve cylinder to slide in the linear slide valve chamber to adjust the opening of the annular throttling gap according to the pressure difference between the inlet threaded interface and the outlet threaded interface.

[0010] The exhaust structure is installed on the slide valve cylinder and is configured to open when the slide valve cylinder slides to a preset position, forming a bypass pressure reduction channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the valve body assembly includes an inlet end, an outlet end, and a cylindrical outer shell threaded between the inlet end and the outlet end. The inlet end and the outlet end have the same structure, each including a first cylindrical portion, an annular threaded connection portion, and a second cylindrical portion. The first cylindrical portion of the inlet end forms the inlet threaded interface, and the annular threaded connection portion of the inlet end forms the first spherical pressure stabilizing cavity. The first cylindrical portion of the outlet end forms the outlet threaded interface, and the annular threaded connection portion of the outlet end forms the second spherical pressure stabilizing cavity. The two ends of the cylindrical outer shell are respectively threaded between the annular threaded connection portions of the inlet end and the outlet end. The second cylindrical portions of the inlet end and the outlet end, together with the cylindrical outer shell, form a linear slide valve cavity, an annular pressure balance chamber, and a connecting groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic preload assembly includes at least two spring elements, the spring elements being configured such that the slide valve cylinder begins to slide when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet reaches a preset threshold.

[0013] Furthermore, the spring element includes an adjusting screw and a return spring. The adjusting screw horizontally passes through the outlet end and extends into the annular pressure balance chamber. The adjusting screw is threadedly engaged with the outlet end. A limit ring is provided on the adjusting screw in the annular pressure balance chamber. The return spring is installed between the limit ring and the dynamic sealing ring. An adjusting knob is provided at the end of the adjusting screw away from the annular pressure balance chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the exhaust structure includes at least one vent hole disposed on the dynamic sealing ring. The vent hole is normally closed by a seal. When the slide valve cylinder slides to close the annular throttling gap, the seal releases the blockage of the vent hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the sealing element includes a shaft coaxially and slidably disposed within the vent hole via a limiting member, a sealing plate fixed to one end of the shaft near the first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber, and a preload spring for providing spring preload force to make the sealing plate tightly adhere to the side of the dynamic sealing ring. When the slide valve cylinder slides to close the annular throttling gap, the shaft abuts against the annular pressure balance chamber and causes the sealing plate to disengage from the dynamic sealing ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the inlet threaded interface and the outlet threaded interface are of one of the NPT, BSP or DIN standard threads, and the thread sealing surface is provided with polytetrafluoroethylene sealing tape or sealant.

[0017] Furthermore, a first pressure detection interface and a second pressure detection interface are respectively provided on the valve bodies at both ends of the annular pressure balance chamber. The first pressure detection interface and the second pressure detection interface are respectively connected to a differential pressure sensor through conduits. The differential pressure sensor is configured to monitor the pressure difference between the linear slide valve chamber and the annular pressure balance chamber in real time. The signal output terminal of the differential pressure sensor is connected to the control system. The control system is configured to adjust the operating parameters of the PSA nitrogen generator according to the pressure difference data.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention relies on the synergistic effect of the pressure differential driven valve core assembly and the elastic pre-tightening component. When the system pressure differential changes, the slide valve cylinder can automatically slide to adjust the opening of the annular throttling gap. When the pressure increases, the gap decreases, and when the pressure decreases, the gap increases, so that the gas flow rate remains relatively constant. This avoids the instability of nitrogen purity caused by flow fluctuations and improves the consistency of product gas quality.

[0020] 2. When the system pressure rises abnormally, the exhaust structure automatically opens to form a bypass pressure reducing channel. The pressure drop is dispersed through multi-stage flow channels to avoid damage to the valve body caused by local pressure concentration. At the same time, the coordinated action of the annular throttling gap and the bypass channel achieves a smooth transition from ultra-high pressure to normal pressure, significantly improving the safety of system operation.

[0021] 3. This invention relies entirely on the pressure difference of the fluid itself to drive the valve core, eliminating the need for external energy sources and control components such as motors and sensors. This achieves passive adaptive adjustment, saving energy, reducing the risk of electronic component failure, and improving the reliability of the device under complex operating conditions.

[0022] 4. The valve body assembly of the present invention adopts a threaded connection structure between the inlet end, the outlet end and the cylindrical shell, which enables quick disassembly and assembly, and facilitates the replacement of easily damaged parts such as seals and valve cores during later maintenance, thereby reducing maintenance difficulty and time costs.

[0023] 5. By adjusting the cooperation between the screw and the return spring, the initial value of the elastic preload can be flexibly adjusted, enabling the throttle valve to adapt to the pressure fluctuation range of different PSA nitrogen generators, accurately set the differential pressure response threshold, and improve the adaptability and versatility of the device to different working conditions.

[0024] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the AA-direction structure;

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core assembly, elastic preload assembly, and exhaust structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slide valve cylinder of the present invention in the first position;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the slide valve cylinder of the present invention in the second position.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1-Valve body assembly; 11-Gas flow channel; 111-Inlet threaded interface; 112-First spherical pressure regulating chamber; 113-Linear slide valve chamber; 114-Second spherical regulating chamber; 115-Outlet threaded interface; 12-Annular pressure balance chamber; 13-Connecting groove; 14-First connecting hole; 15-Second connecting hole; 16-Inlet end; 161-First cylindrical part; 162-Annular threaded connection part; 163-Second cylindrical part; 17-Outlet end; 18-Cylindrical outer part 1-Shell; 2-Valve core assembly; 21-Slide valve cylinder; 22-Conical valve seat; 23-Dynamic sealing ring; 24-Annular throttling gap; 3-Elastic preload assembly; 31-Spring element; 32-Adjusting screw; 33-Reset spring; 34-Limit ring; 35-Adjusting knob; 4-Exhaust structure; 41-Vent hole; 42-Seal; 43-Limit element; 44-Shaft; 45-Sealing plate; 46-Preload spring; 5-First pressure detection interface; 6-Second pressure detection interface. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a throttle valve for self-adjusting opening of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator, comprising a valve body assembly 1, a valve core assembly 2, an elastic pre-tightening component 3, and an exhaust structure 4;

[0037] The valve body assembly 1 has a through gas flow channel 11 inside. The gas flow channel 11 is sequentially divided along the flow direction into an inlet threaded interface 111, a first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber 112, a linear slide valve chamber 113, a second spherical regulating chamber 114, and an outlet threaded interface 115. The inlet threaded interface 111 and the outlet threaded interface 115 are both standard tapered pipe threads, facilitating sealing connections with system pipelines. The first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber 112 and the second spherical regulating chamber 114 are both spherical structures, with the spherical radius designed according to the gas flow rate to effectively disperse the airflow impact force. The linear slide valve chamber 113 is a cylindrical cavity, and its inner wall is plated... Chromium treatment is used to reduce the coefficient of friction. An annular pressure balance chamber 12 is machined in the valve body on the outer periphery of the linear slide valve chamber 113. The annular pressure balance chamber 12 is connected to the linear slide valve chamber 113 through an annular connecting groove 13. A first connecting hole 14 and a second connecting hole 15 are uniformly arranged along the circumference between the first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber 112 and the linear slide valve chamber 113, and between the second spherical adjusting chamber 114 and the linear slide valve chamber 113, respectively. The first connecting hole 14 and the second connecting hole 15 are both cylindrical through holes, with a number of no less than 6 and distributed at equal angles along the circumference to ensure that the airflow enters and exits the annular pressure balance chamber 12 uniformly.

[0038] The valve core assembly 2 includes a valve cylinder 21 coaxially and slidably assembled in a linear valve chamber 113 and a conical valve seat 22 fixed in a second spherical adjustment chamber 114. The valve cylinder 21 is a thin-walled cylindrical structure with rounded edges at both ends to reduce airflow resistance. The outer wall of the valve cylinder 21 and the inner wall of the linear valve chamber 113 are fitted with a clearance, and a sealing gasket structure is used to achieve a sliding seal between the outer wall of the valve cylinder 21 and the linear valve chamber 113. The conical valve seat 22 is a solid conical structure with a cone angle of 30°-60°. It is installed in the second spherical adjustment chamber 114 through a mounting seat and forms a tightly fitted annular throttling gap 24 with the end of the valve cylinder 21. A dynamic sealing ring 23 is fixed in the middle of the valve cylinder 21. The dynamic sealing ring 23 passes through the connecting groove 13 and forms a sealing sliding pair with the inner wall of the annular pressure balance chamber 12.

[0039] The elastic preload assembly 3 is installed between the end face of the annular pressure balance chamber 12 adjacent to the second spherical adjustment chamber 114 and the dynamic sealing ring 23. It is configured to drive the slide valve cylinder 21 to slide in the linear slide valve chamber 113 to adjust the opening of the annular throttling gap 24 according to the pressure difference between the inlet threaded interface 111 and the outlet threaded interface 115.

[0040] The exhaust structure 4 is mounted on the slide valve cylinder 21 and is configured to open when the slide valve cylinder 21 slides to a preset position, forming a bypass pressure reduction channel.

[0041] Working Principle: The throttle valve of this invention relies on the principles of fluid mechanics and uses differential pressure to drive the valve core assembly, achieving adaptive adjustment of the opening degree and multi-stage pressure reduction protection. The working process can be divided into four core stages. In the initial state, when the system pressure is within the normal range, the slide valve cylinder 21 is located in the first position under the initial pre-tightening force of the elastic pre-tightening component 3. At this time, the annular throttling gap 24 between the slide valve cylinder 21 and the conical valve seat 22 is at its maximum. After the gas enters the valve body from the inlet threaded interface 111, it flows sequentially through the inlet threaded interface 111 → the first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber 112 → the slide valve cylinder 21 → the annular throttling gap 24 → the second spherical pressure stabilizing chamber, and then is discharged through the outlet threaded interface 115.

[0042] When the system pressure increases, causing the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet (first spherical pressure regulating chamber 112 and second spherical pressure regulating chamber) of the throttle valve to exceed the preset threshold, the throttle valve enters the adaptive adjustment stage.

[0043] Specifically, high-pressure gas enters the annular pressure balance chamber 12 through the first connecting hole 14 and acts on the dynamic sealing ring 23, thereby pushing the slide valve cylinder 21, which is fixed to the dynamic sealing ring 23, to slide to the second position, while compressing the elastic pre-tightening component 3. As the slide valve cylinder 21 moves, the annular throttling gap 24 gradually decreases. Based on the relationship between flow rate, flow area, and flow velocity, the flow velocity is kept stable or reduced when the pressure difference increases by reducing the flow area, thereby maintaining a relatively constant flow rate. When the compressive force of the elastic pre-tightening component 3 and the pressure difference driving force reach equilibrium, the slide valve cylinder 21 stabilizes at a certain position, forming a feedback regulation design of increased pressure difference → decreased gap → stable flow velocity.

[0044] If the system pressure continues to rise abnormally, causing the slide valve cylinder 21 to reach the second position, at this time, the annular throttling gap 24 is completely closed, and the exhaust structure 4 on the dynamic sealing ring 23 is automatically opened, activating the multi-stage pressure reduction protection.

[0045] Specifically, the gas flows sequentially from the inlet threaded interface 111 → the first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber 112 → the first through hole → one end of the annular pressure balance chamber 12 → the exhaust structure 4 → the other end of the annular pressure balance chamber 12 → the second through hole, and then exits through the outlet threaded interface 115. By rationally designing the resistance coefficients of each flow channel, the total pressure drop is evenly distributed across each flow channel, avoiding excessive pressure impact on any single part, achieving a smooth transition from ultra-high pressure to normal outlet pressure, and activating multi-stage pressure reduction protection.

[0046] When the system pressure drops to the normal range, the elastic force of the elastic pre-tightening component 3 pushes the slide valve cylinder 21 to the first position, the exhaust structure 4 closes, cutting off the bypass channel, and the throttle valve returns to its initial state, continuing to regulate the flow through the annular throttling gap 24. The entire process requires no external energy, relying entirely on the fluid's own energy to achieve adaptive control. Furthermore, the dynamic sealing ring 23 and the lip seal ring on the inner wall of the pressure balance chamber ensure sealing and unidirectional flow during the sliding process.

[0047] The core innovation of this throttle valve lies in its differential pressure-driven self-regulating mechanism, dual-spherical cavity pressure stabilization design, nonlinear damping characteristics of the elastic component, and multi-stage pressure reduction protection structure. It realizes intelligent control of gas flow in PSA nitrogen generators, and is especially suitable for operating conditions with periodic pressure fluctuations, which can significantly improve system stability and adsorbent lifespan.

[0048] In this embodiment, the valve body assembly 1 includes an inlet end 16, an outlet end 17, and a cylindrical outer shell 18 threaded between the inlet end 16 and the outlet end 17. The inlet end 16 and the outlet end 17 have the same structure, each including a first cylindrical portion 161, an annular threaded connection portion 162, and a second cylindrical portion 163. The first cylindrical portion 161 of the inlet end 16 forms the inlet threaded interface 111, and the first spherical pressure stabilizing cavity 11 is formed within the annular threaded connection portion 162 of the inlet end 16. 2. The first cylindrical portion 161 of the outlet end 17 forms the outlet threaded interface 115. The second spherical pressure stabilizing cavity is formed in the annular threaded connection portion 162 of the outlet end 17. The two ends of the cylindrical shell 18 are respectively threaded between the annular threaded connection portion 162 of the inlet end 16 and the outlet end 17. The second cylindrical portion 163 of the inlet end 16 and the outlet end 17 and the cylindrical shell 18 together form a linear slide valve cavity 113, an annular pressure balance chamber 12 and a connecting groove 13.

[0049] If a traditional valve body assembly adopts an integrated structure, it will not only lead to difficulties in disassembly and maintenance, but may also cause discontinuities in the flow channel due to manufacturing difficulties, affecting airflow stability. This makes it difficult to meet the requirements of compact structure and flow channel coordination of the throttle valve under the periodic pressure fluctuations of PSA nitrogen generators.

[0050] Therefore, the valve body assembly 1 in this embodiment adopts a modular design, which includes an inlet end 16, an outlet end 17, and a cylindrical outer shell 18 threaded between the inlet end 16 and the outlet end 17. The inlet end 16 and the outlet end 17 have the same structure, each including a first cylindrical portion 161, an annular threaded connection portion 162, and a second cylindrical portion 163. The first cylindrical portion 161 of the inlet end 16 forms the inlet threaded interface 111, and the first spherical shape is formed within the annular threaded connection portion 162 of the inlet end 16. The pressure stabilizing chamber 112, the first cylindrical portion 161 of the outlet end 17 forms the outlet threaded interface 115, the second spherical pressure stabilizing chamber is formed in the annular threaded connection portion 162 of the outlet end 17, the two ends of the cylindrical shell 18 are respectively threaded between the annular threaded connection portion 162 of the inlet end 16 and the outlet end 17, and the second cylindrical portion 163 of the inlet end 16 and the outlet end 17 and the cylindrical shell 18 enclose a linear slide valve chamber 113, an annular pressure balance chamber 12 and a connecting groove 13.

[0051] The above design enables rapid assembly and disassembly of various components through threaded connections, facilitating later maintenance and replacement. Simultaneously, the first spherical pressure-stabilizing chamber 112 and the second spherical pressure-stabilizing chamber are formed by annular threaded connections 162 at the inlet end 16 and outlet end 17, respectively, facilitating machining to ensure the integrity and smooth transition of the spherical flow channel and effectively dispersing airflow impact to stabilize pressure. The linear slide valve chamber 113, annular pressure balance chamber 12, and connecting groove 13, enclosed by the cylindrical outer shell 18 and the second cylindrical portions 163 at both ends, ensure the linear space required for the sliding of the slide valve cylinder 21. Furthermore, the connecting groove 13 facilitates pressure transmission between the annular pressure balance chamber 12 and the linear slide valve chamber 113, ensuring that the dynamic sealing ring 23 is evenly stressed, improving the sensitivity and stability of the slide valve cylinder 21's adjustment. The overall structure is compact and the flow channels are coordinated, perfectly adapting to the operational requirements of the differential pressure self-regulating mechanism.

[0052] In this embodiment, the elastic pre-tightening component 3 of the present invention employs at least two spring elements 31, and through a specific configuration of the elastic coefficient of the spring elements 31, the slide valve cylinder 21 can accurately initiate sliding when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet reaches a preset threshold. During operation, multiple spring elements 31 work together to provide initial pre-tightening force. Under normal pressure, this pre-tightening force stabilizes the slide valve cylinder 21 in the initial position to maintain the initial opening of the annular throttling gap 24. When the system pressure difference rises to the preset threshold, the driving force of the high-pressure gas acting on the dynamic sealing ring 23 can just overcome the resultant force of multiple spring elements 31, pushing the slide valve cylinder 21 to slide to reduce the throttling gap, ensuring the stability of nitrogen purity and reducing the impact on the adsorbent.

[0053] In this embodiment, the spring element 31 includes an adjusting screw 32 and a return spring 33. The adjusting screw 32 horizontally passes through the outlet end 17 and extends into the annular pressure balance chamber 12. The adjusting screw 32 is threadedly engaged with the outlet end 17. A limit ring 34 is provided on the adjusting screw 32 located in the annular pressure balance chamber 12. The return spring 33 is installed between the limit ring 34 and the dynamic sealing ring 23. An adjusting knob 35 is provided at the end of the adjusting screw 32 away from the annular pressure balance chamber 12. In use, rotating the adjustment knob 35 drives the adjustment screw 32 to rotate around its own axis. Due to the threaded fit between the adjustment screw 32 and the outlet end 17, the rotational motion is converted into axial movement, which in turn drives the limit ring 34 to move axially along the adjustment screw 32, thereby changing the initial compression of the return spring 33. When the limit ring 34 is close to the dynamic sealing ring 23, the compression of the return spring 33 increases, the initial preload increases, and the differential pressure threshold that triggers the sliding of the slide valve cylinder 21 increases. Conversely, when the limit ring 34 is far away, the initial preload decreases and the differential pressure threshold decreases. This structure enables precise adjustment of the elastic preload, allowing the throttle valve to flexibly set the response threshold according to the pressure fluctuation range of different systems, significantly improving the equipment's versatility. The adjustment process does not require disassembling the valve body; it can be completed by adjusting the knob 35, making operation convenient and allowing for real-time calibration, thus reducing maintenance costs. At the same time, the limit ring 34 provides axial restraint to the return spring 33, preventing radial displacement of the spring during compression or extension, ensuring that the direction of the elastic force is consistent with the sliding direction of the spool 21, improving adjustment stability, ensuring precise correspondence between pressure difference and opening adjustment, and further optimizing the flow control effect.

[0054] In this embodiment, the dynamic sealing ring 23 is provided with at least one vent hole 41. Under normal conditions, the vent hole 41 is tightly sealed by the sealing member 42. The sealing member 42 includes a shaft 44 coaxially and slidably disposed in the vent hole 41 via a limiting member 43, a sealing plate 45 fixed to one end of the shaft 44 near the first spherical pressure stabilizing cavity 112, and a pre-tightening spring 46 that provides pre-tightening force to make the sealing plate 45 tightly adhere to the side of the dynamic sealing ring 23. During operation, under normal conditions, the elastic force of the pre-tightening spring 46 pushes the sealing ring 23 to close. The sealing plate 45 tightly fits the dynamic sealing ring 23, blocking the vent 41 and ensuring that gas can only flow through the annular throttling gap 24. When the system pressure rises abnormally, the slide valve cylinder 21 slides until the annular throttling gap 24 is completely closed. The shaft 44 moves synchronously with the slide valve cylinder 21 and abuts against the inner wall of the annular pressure balance chamber 12. At this time, the shaft 44 is forced to drive the sealing plate 45 to overcome the elastic force of the pre-tightening spring 46 and disengage from the dynamic sealing ring 23. The vent 41 then opens, forming a bypass pressure reduction channel. This design directly drives the sealing element 42 to move through the displacement of the slide valve cylinder 21, achieving strict synchronous control between the exhaust structure 4 and the annular throttling gap 24. It only opens when the gap is closed (overpressure critical state), avoiding leakage under normal conditions that could affect the flow regulation accuracy. At the same time, the continuous sealing force provided by the pre-tightening spring 46 and the surface contact of the sealing plate 45 ensure the sealing reliability under normal conditions, unaffected by airflow fluctuations or vibrations. The contact triggering method of the shaft 44 provides precise response and achieves zero-delay action through the mechanical structure. Combined with the flow channel design of the vent 41 and the annular pressure balance chamber 12, it can quickly start multi-stage decompression, further improving the overpressure protection safety of the system.

[0055] In this embodiment, the inlet threaded interface 111 and the outlet threaded interface 115 are of one of the NPT, BSP or DIN standard threads, and the thread sealing surface is provided with polytetrafluoroethylene sealing tape or sealant.

[0056] In this embodiment, a first pressure detection interface 5 and a second pressure detection interface 6 are respectively provided on the valve bodies at both ends of the annular pressure balance chamber 12. The two are connected to a differential pressure sensor through conduits. The differential pressure sensor monitors the pressure difference between the linear slide valve chamber 113 and the annular pressure balance chamber 12 in real time. Its signal output terminal is connected to the control system, which adjusts the operating parameters of the PSA nitrogen generator according to the pressure difference data. During operation, the first pressure detection interface 5 and the second pressure detection interface 6 accurately collect the pressure signals at both ends of the annular pressure balance chamber 12. The differential pressure sensor converts the pressure difference into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control system, enabling the system to monitor the balance between the driving force and the elastic pre-tightening force on the slide valve cylinder 21 in real time. Then, based on the changing trend of the pressure difference, the system adjusts the adsorption time, desorption rate, and other operating parameters of the nitrogen generator in advance, realizing the synergy of active optimization and passive adjustment. This avoids frequent and large-scale movement of the slide valve cylinder 21 due to excessive pressure fluctuations, improving the stability of flow regulation. At the same time, when the pressure difference exceeds the normal fluctuation range, the control system can issue an early warning in time, facilitating operator intervention and preventing continuous damage to the equipment due to overpressure. This significantly improves the intelligent control level and operational safety of the PSA nitrogen generator.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A throttle valve for self-adjusting opening degree of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator, characterized in that, Includes valve body assembly, valve core assembly, elastic preload assembly and exhaust structure; The valve body assembly has a through gas flow channel inside, which is divided into an inlet threaded interface, a first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber, a linear slide valve chamber, a second spherical adjustment chamber, and an outlet threaded interface along the flow direction. An annular pressure balance chamber is machined in the valve body on the outer periphery of the linear slide valve chamber. The annular pressure balance chamber is connected to the linear slide valve chamber through an annular connecting groove. A first connecting hole and a second connecting hole are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction between the first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber and the linear slide valve chamber, and between the second spherical adjustment chamber and the linear slide valve chamber, respectively. The valve core assembly includes a valve cylinder coaxially and slidably mounted in a linear valve cavity and a conical valve seat fixed in a second spherical adjustment cavity. A dynamic sealing ring is fixed in the middle of the valve cylinder. The dynamic sealing ring passes through the connecting groove and forms a sealing sliding pair with the inner wall of the annular pressure balance chamber. An annular throttling gap is formed between the valve cylinder and the conical valve seat. The elastic preload assembly is installed between the end face of the annular pressure balance chamber adjacent to the second spherical adjustment chamber and the dynamic sealing ring, and is configured to drive the slide valve cylinder to slide in the linear slide valve chamber to adjust the opening of the annular throttling gap according to the pressure difference between the inlet threaded interface and the outlet threaded interface. The exhaust structure is installed on the slide valve cylinder and is configured to open when the slide valve cylinder slides to a preset position, forming a bypass pressure reduction channel.

2. The throttle valve for self-adjusting opening of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body assembly includes an inlet end, an outlet end, and a cylindrical outer shell threaded between the inlet end and the outlet end. The inlet end and the outlet end have the same structure, each including a first cylindrical part, an annular threaded connection part, and a second cylindrical part. The first cylindrical part of the inlet end forms the inlet threaded interface, and the annular threaded connection part of the inlet end forms the first spherical pressure stabilizing cavity. The first cylindrical part of the outlet end forms the outlet threaded interface, and the annular threaded connection part of the outlet end forms the second spherical pressure stabilizing cavity. The two ends of the cylindrical outer shell are respectively threaded between the annular threaded connection parts of the inlet end and the outlet end. The second cylindrical parts of the inlet end and the outlet end and the cylindrical outer shell together form a linear slide valve cavity, an annular pressure balance chamber, and a connecting groove.

3. The throttle valve for self-adjusting opening of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic preload assembly includes at least two spring elements, the spring coefficients of which are configured to cause the slide valve cylinder to begin sliding when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet reaches a preset threshold.

4. The throttle valve for self-adjusting opening of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spring element includes an adjusting screw and a return spring. The adjusting screw horizontally passes through the outlet end and extends into the annular pressure balance chamber. The adjusting screw is threaded to the outlet end. A limit ring is provided on the adjusting screw in the annular pressure balance chamber. The return spring is installed between the limit ring and the dynamic sealing ring. An adjusting knob is provided at the end of the adjusting screw away from the annular pressure balance chamber.

5. The throttle valve for self-adjusting opening of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust structure includes at least one vent hole provided on the dynamic sealing ring. The vent hole is normally closed by a seal. When the slide valve cylinder slides to close the annular throttling gap, the seal releases the blockage of the vent hole.

6. The throttle valve for self-adjusting opening of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing element includes a shaft coaxially and slidably disposed within the vent hole via a limiting member, a sealing plate fixed to one end of the shaft near the first spherical pressure stabilizing chamber, and a preload spring for providing spring preload force to make the sealing plate tightly adhere to the side of the dynamic sealing ring. When the slide valve cylinder slides to close the annular throttling gap, the shaft abuts against the annular pressure balance chamber and causes the sealing plate to disengage from the dynamic sealing ring.

7. The throttle valve for self-adjusting opening of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet thread interfaces are of one of the NPT, BSP or DIN standard threads, and the thread sealing surfaces are provided with polytetrafluoroethylene sealing tape or sealant.

8. The throttle valve for self-adjusting opening of differential pressure in a PSA nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve bodies at both ends of the annular pressure balance chamber are respectively provided with a first pressure detection interface and a second pressure detection interface. The first pressure detection interface and the second pressure detection interface are respectively connected to a differential pressure sensor through conduits. The differential pressure sensor is configured to monitor the pressure difference between the linear slide valve chamber and the annular pressure balance chamber in real time. The signal output terminal of the differential pressure sensor is connected to the control system. The control system is configured to adjust the operating parameters of the PSA nitrogen generator according to the pressure difference data.

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