An energy storage battery compression testing device and compression testing method

Abstract

This invention discloses an energy storage battery compression testing device and method, relating to the field of energy storage battery testing technology. The energy storage battery compression testing device includes: a base for supporting side-by-side arranged battery cells, aluminum end plates located at the ends of the cells, and upper and lower steel rings for clamping the aluminum end plates and cells after successful compression; individual compression components, each capable of extending between adjacent cells to independently apply compression force to the side surfaces of the cells; and a unified compression component distributed on the outside of the two aluminum end plates to uniformly apply axial preload to the cells and aluminum end plates after successful individual compression, and to independently apply compression force to the side surfaces of each cell, achieving single-cell level local loading and deformation response testing; after completing the single-cell test, the entire battery module is then subjected to overall compression, and after passing the test, the upper and lower steel rings are directly assembled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage battery testing technology, specifically to an energy storage battery compression testing device and compression testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage batteries are widely used in new energy vehicles and other fields. They are typically composed of multiple cells connected in series and parallel, and fixed and encapsulated by structural components such as steel rings. Because they may be subjected to mechanical impact or compression during use, transportation, or collision accidents, compression tests are required to simulate extreme external force conditions in order to evaluate the structural integrity and safety performance of the battery under pressure, thereby ensuring its reliability and safety in practical applications.

[0003] However, the following problems still exist in the current process of extrusion testing of energy storage batteries: Existing technologies only perform overall compression tests on fully assembled battery modules. If the test fails, the entire module must be scrapped, or the battery module must be disassembled and the cells retested. This not only wastes assembly resources but also complicates subsequent procedures. On the other hand, although there are solutions to test individual cells separately, these often deviate from the actual assembly state of the module and cannot reflect the true stress environment of the entire package. Furthermore, they generally lack the ability to synchronously, independently, and locally load the sidewall areas of the cells, making it difficult to effectively stimulate and capture local stress concentrations or structural defects. This results in a one-sided and inefficient safety assessment, making it difficult to balance the authenticity of the test with engineering practicality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an energy storage battery compression testing device and method, solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a battery extrusion testing device, comprising: a base for supporting side-by-side battery cells, an aluminum end plate located on the outer side of the battery cells at the ends, and an upper and lower steel ring for clamping the aluminum end plate and battery cells after extrusion; individual pressure components, each of which can extend into the space between adjacent battery cells to independently apply extrusion force to the side surface of the battery cells; a top plate, wherein the individual pressure components are disposed below the top plate; and a unified pressure component, distributed on the outer side of the two aluminum end plates, for uniformly applying axial preload to the battery cells and aluminum end plates after individual pressure testing.

[0006] Furthermore, the single-pressure assembly includes: a force-applying plate, with L-shaped plates on both the front and rear sides of the force-applying plate, and a wedge block installed on the outer side of the right-angle end of the L-shaped plate; and a side plate, the side plate being located in the area close to the wedge block, with the wedge block slidably connected to the inclined section of the side plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the single-pressure assembly also includes an elliptical column rotatably mounted on the lower end of the top plate, and the force-applying plate is an extrusion plate, which is slidably mounted on the lower end of the top plate and located on both sides of the elliptical column; The side plates are fixed to the front and rear sides of the extrusion plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the single-pressure assembly also includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the lower end of the top plate, with pressure rollers respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the rotating shaft, and an elastic telescopic rod connected between the pressure rollers and the rotating shaft. The force-applying plate is an elastic compression pad, which is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the top plate and located on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft. The top plate has an arc-shaped through groove that slides with the upper end of the pressure roller. The upper and lower ends of the pressure roller have rotating through grooves. A connecting plate is installed in the rotating through groove. The connecting plate on the upper side slides with the top plate. The side plate is fixed between the upper and lower connecting plates.

[0009] Furthermore, auxiliary rollers evenly distributed vertically are fitted around the outside of the pressure roller.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a lateral positioning plate, which is disposed above the base and located on the rear side of the battery cell to be tested.

[0011] Furthermore, circular through slots are respectively opened on the top plate corresponding to the positions of each cell electrode post, and plug rods are installed on both the front and rear sides of the top plate. The plug rod on the front side is used to insert and cooperate with the base, and the plug rod on the rear side is used to insert and cooperate with the horizontal positioning plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the bend of the L-shaped plate corresponds to the right-angle end of the battery cell. A sliding post is installed at the upper end of the L-shaped plate, and an inclined through groove that slides with the sliding post is opened at the upper end of the top plate. The extension direction of the inclined through groove is perpendicular to the right-angle end of the battery cell.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure control component includes: Contact plates, which are distributed on the outer sides of the aluminum end plates on both sides; A cylinder is mounted on one side of the base, and one end of the piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to one of the contact plates. A precision pressure regulating valve, mounted on another contact plate, is used to regulate the air pressure in the cylinder.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for testing the compression of energy storage batteries, applicable to energy storage battery compression testing devices, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Place the lower steel ring on the top of the base, and then place the battery cell and aluminum end plate on the base; Step 2: Place the top plate above the battery module, so that the single pressure component extends into the gap between adjacent cells. Apply pressure to each cell independently through the single pressure component to determine whether each cell is qualified. Step 3: Remove the single-pressure assembly and apply axial extrusion force to the qualified cells using the overall pressure assembly to conduct an overall extrusion test of the battery pack and determine whether the overall pressure of the battery pack is qualified. Step 4: Fit the upper and lower steel rings onto the qualified battery pack to form a battery module, and then remove the battery module.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The energy storage battery compression test device performs independent compression tests on the battery module when it is still a cell. After the independent compression is completed, the overall compression test is performed. Unqualified cells are directly rejected. After the overall compression test is passed, the steel ring is assembled. Battery packs that cannot meet the overall test standards are also rejected. Only qualified battery packs can be assembled with steel rings, which will not waste the early assembly resources and avoid the subsequent disassembly and rework.

[0016] (2) The energy storage battery extrusion test device, through the cooperation of the elliptical column and the extrusion plate, the extrusion plate is driven by the elliptical contour to apply controllable extrusion force to the side surface of the adjacent cell. By adjusting the rotation angle and period of the elliptical column, single or multiple repeated loading can be flexibly realized. The number of extrusions is automatically recorded and adjusted by the control system to meet the precise requirements of loading frequency for different test conditions.

[0017] (3) The energy storage battery extrusion test device is designed to address the stress concentration problem at the right-angle end of the cell. L-shaped plates are set on both sides of the extrusion plate. During the extrusion process, the L-shaped plates move synchronously with the extrusion plate and press against the right-angle end along the inclined guide path, thereby achieving synchronous limiting and directional extrusion of the right-angle end and effectively improving the test coverage and reliability of the local weak area.

[0018] (4) The energy storage battery extrusion test device, through the coordinated structure of the rotating shaft, elastic telescopic rod and pressure roller, makes the pressure roller tilt and swing under the drive of the rotating shaft, and relies on the elastic telescopic rod to adaptively adjust the length, always keeping it in contact with the elastic extrusion pad. The pressure roller transmits the extrusion force to the side wall of the cell in an inclined direction through rolling, realizing multi-directional loading, more realistically simulating the stress state under complex working conditions, and improving the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the test.

[0019] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module structure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base, top plate, and single-pressure assembly in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base, top plate, and horizontal positioning plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base, contact plate, and battery module in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top plate and single-pressure assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Partial upward-view diagram; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the single-pressure component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extrusion plate, side plate, wedge block and L-shaped plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of the top plate and single-pressure assembly in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Partial upward-view diagram; Figure 12 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the single-pressure component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure roller, connecting plate and side plate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram, 1. Base; 11. Contact plate; 12. Precision pressure regulating valve; 13. Cylinder; 14. Horizontal positioning plate; 15. Top plate; 151. Circular through slot; 152. Insert rod; 16. Single pressure component; 161. Elliptical column; 162. Extrusion plate; 163. L-shaped plate; 164. Sliding column; 165. Inclined through slot; 166. Wedge block; 167. Sprocket; 168. Chain; 169. Drive motor; 170. Rotating shaft; 171. Pressure roller; 172. Elastic telescopic rod; 173. Elastic extrusion pad; 174. Auxiliary roller; 175. Arc-shaped through slot; 176. Side plate; 177. Rotating through slot; 178. Connecting plate; 2. Bullseye worktable; 3. Battery module; 31. Steel ring; 32. Aluminum end plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0024] The following reference Figures 1-13 This invention describes an energy storage battery compression testing device and compression testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] On the one hand, the present invention provides an energy storage battery compression testing device.

[0026] Example 1, please refer to this example. Figures 1-9 .

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The energy storage battery extrusion testing device includes a base 1 and a bullseye worktable 2 for supporting the base 1. The upper end of the bullseye worktable 2 is equipped with universal ball bearings, which can provide low-friction support in any horizontal direction, making it easy to fine-tune and quickly align the battery module 3 under test during clamping, thus improving operating efficiency. The base 1 is used to support the battery module 3, namely the side-by-side battery cells, the aluminum end plate 32 located on the outside of the battery cells at the end, and the upper and lower steel rings 31 used to hold the battery cells after they have passed the extrusion test.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 The upper and lower steel rings 31 are both annular metal constraint parts. After the battery module 3 completes the extrusion safety test and is deemed qualified, the upper steel ring 31 and the lower steel ring 31 are respectively fitted onto the top and bottom of the battery module 3 and the aluminum end plate 32 to form a complete mechanical encapsulation structure, so as to enhance the module's resistance to deformation and meet the structural strength requirements for subsequent transportation, stacking or system integration.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 2-5A pressure-regulating assembly is also installed on the upper part of the base 1. The pressure-regulating assembly is distributed on the outer side of the two aluminum end plates 32. It is used to apply axial preload to the battery cells and aluminum end plates 32 after single-pressure testing. The pressure-regulating assembly includes contact plates 11, which are distributed on the outer side of the aluminum end plates 32 on both sides; a cylinder 13, which is installed on one side of the base 1. One end of the piston rod of the cylinder 13 is fixed to one of the contact plates 11; and a precision pressure regulating valve 12, which is installed on the other contact plate 11 and is used to regulate the air pressure of the cylinder 13. The position and stroke of the cylinder 13 are adjustable, which can adapt to battery modules 3 of different lengths. For testing requirements of products with large size differences or non-standard products, this structure can be flexibly adjusted to ensure that the axial preload is stably applied to the entire battery module 3. The start, stop and action of the cylinder 13 are controlled by the control system, which can realize automatic adjustment and precise control of the cylinder 13 according to preset parameters.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 4 A horizontal positioning plate 14 is provided above the base 1 on the rear side of the battery module 3 to be tested. Its installation position can be adjusted in the front and rear direction. The horizontal positioning plate 14 is made of polyoxymethylene (POM) material, which has excellent insulation performance and wear resistance. It is used to abut against the rear end face of the battery module 3 to achieve reliable horizontal positioning and facilitate repeated clamping and alignment operations.

[0031] During the overall extrusion test of the battery module 3, one of the contact plates 11 is driven by the cylinder 13 to apply pressure from one end of the battery module 3 along the axis, thereby achieving uniform axial extrusion of the entire module.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 2-4 and Figure 6 To ensure that each cell in the battery module 3 can undergo independent extrusion testing, a top plate 15 is provided above the base 1. Multiple single-pressure components 16 are evenly arranged on the left and right sides below the top plate 15. A gripper is provided at the top of the top plate 15 to facilitate manual handling and placement of the top plate 15 on the battery module 3. Circular through slots 151 are respectively opened on the top plate 15 corresponding to the positions of the terminals of each cell. The circular through slots 151 are used to avoid the terminals and allow the terminals to make slight displacements during the extrusion process. At the same time, they form circumferential limits on the top area of ​​the cell. Insert rods 152 are installed on both the front and rear sides of the top plate 15. The insert rods 152 on the front side are used to insert and cooperate with the base 1, and the insert rods 152 on the rear side are used to insert and cooperate with the transverse positioning plate 14, thereby realizing a stable connection and mutual limit between the top plate 15, the base 1, and the transverse positioning plate 14.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 3During the process of placing the top plate 15 on the upper end of the battery module 3, each single pressure component 16 extends into the gap between adjacent cells to limit and constrain the cells, and independently applies extrusion force to the side surface of each corresponding cell, thereby realizing local loading and deformation response testing of each cell.

[0034] The cell compression test simulates potential localized mechanical abuse within the battery module 3. Examples include internal compression caused by cell expansion due to long-term cycling or temperature changes; or localized point or line pressure on individual or adjacent cells during transportation and installation due to uneven localized stress or foreign object intrusion. This test aims to screen for the mechanical integrity of the cell body and eliminate those with structural defects.

[0035] Specifically, please refer to Figures 6-8 The single-pressure component 16 includes a force-applying plate, which in this embodiment is an extrusion plate 162.

[0036] Preferably, in order to enable the force-applying plate to directly apply pressure to the battery cell, the single-pressure assembly 16 here also includes an elliptical column 161 rotatably mounted on the lower end of the top plate 15. On the left and right sides of the elliptical column 161, there are pressing plates 162 slidably mounted on the lower end of the top plate 15. In the initial state, the two pressing plates 162 are in contact with the side surface of the adjacent battery cell, forming a limit on it. Throughout the entire test process, whether in the loading or reset phase, the pressing plates 162 always remain in contact with the battery cell.

[0037] When the elliptical cylinder 161 rotates around its axis, the protrusions along its long axis push the pressing plates 162 on the left and right sides outward in sequence, so that the pressing plates 162 press against the side surfaces of the adjacent cells respectively, thereby compressing and loading the cells. When the elliptical cylinder 161 rotates or stops, the cells rebound due to elastic recovery, and the pressing plates 162 synchronously reset inward under the reaction force of the battery, still maintaining the state of contact with the side surfaces of the battery.

[0038] By controlling the rotation angle and period of the elliptical column 161, single or multiple repeated extrusions can be achieved. The corresponding number of extrusions can be recorded and adjusted by the control system to meet the requirements of loading frequency under different test conditions. In addition, the magnitude of the extrusion force can be adjusted by replacing the elliptical column 161 with different major axis lengths to adapt to the test requirements of different strength levels.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 6-8Since the end of the battery cell casing is usually a right-angle structure, stress concentration is easily generated under mechanical load. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a targeted extrusion test on its right-angle end. For this purpose, L-shaped plates 163 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the extrusion plate 162. The folded part of the plate is initially attached to the right-angle end of the battery cell. During this single-cell extrusion test, the transverse positioning plate 14 located on the rear side of the battery module 3 has a gap with the battery module 3 and does not contact it. After the single-cell test is completed and the overall extrusion test is entered, the transverse positioning plate 14 moves forward and attaches to the rear end face of the battery module 3 to participate in the overall positioning.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 8 The upper end of the L-shaped plate 163 is equipped with a sliding column 164, and the upper end of the top plate 15 is provided with an inclined through groove 165 that slides with the sliding column 164. The extension direction of the inclined through groove 165 is perpendicular to the right-angle end of the battery cell. When the extrusion plate 162 is subjected to force and moves, the L-shaped plate 163 can slide synchronously along the inclined through groove 165 through the sliding column 164, so that the corner part is pressed synchronously against the right-angle end of the battery cell, thereby realizing directional extrusion of this area.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 To achieve synchronous movement of the extrusion plate 162 and the L-shaped plate 163, a wedge block 166 is installed on the outer side of the right-angle end of the L-shaped plate 163. The L-shaped plate 163 is slidably connected to the inclined section of the side plate 176. The side plate 176 is installed on the front and rear sides of the extrusion plate 162. When the extrusion plate 162 is subjected to force and moves horizontally, it drives the side plate 176 to move synchronously. The side plate 176 pushes the sliding column 164 along the inclined through slot 165 opened on the top plate 15 through the interaction between its inclined section and the wedge block 166, so that the folded part of the L-shaped plate 163 presses against the right-angle end of the cell. The extrusion force applied to the right-angle end of the cell is consistent with the extrusion force applied by the extrusion plate 162 to the side surface of the battery.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 To achieve synchronous rotation of the elliptical column 161 in each single pressure component 16, sprockets 167 are rotatably installed on the upper end of the top plate 15 corresponding to the positions of each single pressure component 16. The sprockets 167 are fixedly connected to the corresponding elliptical column 161, and the sprockets 167 are connected to each other by a chain 168. The sprocket 167 in the middle is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 169. The drive motor 169 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the top plate 15, and a protective shell is installed on the top plate 15 to protect the sprockets 167 and the chain 168.

[0043] In use, the drive motor 169 drives the intermediate sprocket 167 to rotate, and transmits the power to the other sprockets 167 through the chain 168, so that all sprockets 167 rotate synchronously, thereby driving each elliptical column 161 to rotate synchronously, realizing the coordinated action of multiple single pressure components 16.

[0044] In actual operation (use), firstly, the lower steel ring 31 is placed on the base 1, and then the battery module 3 to be tested is placed on the base 1. The positioning and clamping of the module is completed by the cooperation of the transverse positioning plate 14 and the contact plate 11. Then, the top plate 15 is manually placed above the battery module 3, so that the single pressure component 16 is inserted into the gap between adjacent cells. The extrusion plate 162 and the L-shaped plate 163 apply extrusion force to the side surface and right-angle end of the cell simultaneously to complete the independent local extrusion test of each cell. After the test is completed, the top plate 15 and the single pressure component 16 are removed. Then, it is determined whether each cell is qualified. If it is qualified, the cylinder 13 is started to drive the contact plate 11 to press the aluminum end plate 32, and the axial load is applied to the entire battery module 3 to perform the overall extrusion test. After all the tests are completed and the results are qualified, the upper and lower steel rings 31 are respectively put on the top and bottom of the battery module 3 to form a complete encapsulation structure. Finally, the battery module 3 is removed to complete the test process.

[0045] It should be noted that during the cell testing and overall extrusion testing, the deformation, voltage, and temperature parameters of battery module 3 are collected and recorded in real time by an external monitoring system to comprehensively evaluate its structural integrity and safety performance.

[0046] Example 2, please refer to this example. Figures 10-13 .

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the single-pressure assembly 16 here includes a rotating shaft 170 rotatably mounted on the lower end of the top plate 15. The upper end of the rotating shaft 170 passes through the top plate 15 and is fixedly connected to the sprocket 167. It is driven to rotate by the sprocket 167. Pressure rollers 171 are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the rotating shaft 170. An elastic telescopic rod 172 is connected between the pressure rollers 171 and the rotating shaft 170. Elastic compression pads 173 (replacing the compression plate 162 in Embodiment 1) are respectively fixedly mounted on the lower end of the top plate 15 on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft 170. When the rotating shaft 170 rotates, it drives the elastic telescopic rod 172 and the pressure rollers 171 to swing synchronously. During the swing, the elastic telescopic rod 172 automatically extends and retracts with the position change of the pressure rollers 171, so that the pressure rollers 171 always abut against the corresponding elastic compression pads 173, and the compression force is transmitted to the adjacent cells through the rolling action. Since the movement trajectory of the pressure rollers 171 is an inclined swing, the force applied to the cells is also in an inclined direction, thereby realizing multi-directional loading on the sidewalls of the battery.

[0048] It should be noted that the rotating shaft 170 does not rotate continuously in one direction, but reciprocates with an oscillation angle of less than 90°. During the reciprocating rotation, the pressure roller 171 oscillates synchronously with the rotating shaft 170 and applies rolling pressure to the corresponding elastic compression pad 173. Since the pressure roller 171 is connected to the rotating shaft 170 through the elastic telescopic rod 172, it always maintains contact with the elastic compression pad 173 during the reciprocating motion and transmits the periodic extrusion force to the corresponding cell side surface, thereby realizing the dynamic reciprocating extrusion test of the battery.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 Auxiliary rollers 174, evenly distributed vertically, are fitted on the outside of the pressure roller 171. When the pressure roller 171 rolls the elastic extrusion pad 173, each auxiliary roller 174 contacts the elastic extrusion pad 173 with its convex circumferential surface, transforming the originally continuous surface contact pressure into multiple discrete line contact pressures. This creates a local stress concentration area on the cell side surface, improving test sensitivity. The outer diameter of the auxiliary roller 174 is slightly larger than that of the pressure roller 171 body, but its arrangement does not interfere with the basic extrusion action between the pressure roller 171 and the elastic extrusion pad 173. The elastic extrusion pad 173 is made of flexible material, which can conform to the contour deformation of the auxiliary roller 174, ensuring stable force transmission and controllable distribution.

[0050] Please refer to Figures 10-13 Under the limiting action of the L-shaped plate 163, the battery cell will not be tilted due to unidirectional load during the force process. In order to realize the synchronous movement of the L-shaped plate 163 when the pressure roller 171 swings, an arc-shaped through groove 175 is provided on the upper end of the top plate 15 to slide with the upper end of the pressure roller 171. Rotary through grooves 177 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the pressure roller 171 respectively. A connecting plate 178 is provided in the rotating through groove 177. The connecting plate 178 located on the upper side is slidably connected to the top plate 15. The side plate 176 is fixed between the upper and lower connecting plates 178 to form a stable frame structure.

[0051] When the pressure roller 171 reciprocates along the arc-shaped through groove 175 on the top plate 15, the corresponding connecting plate 178 is moved horizontally by rotating the through groove 177, and the side plate 176 moves accordingly. Under the sliding cooperation between the inclined section of the side plate 176 and the wedge block 166, the horizontal thrust is transmitted to the wedge block 166, thereby driving the two sliding columns 164 to move synchronously along the corresponding inclined through groove 165 on the top plate 15, so that the L-shaped plates 163 on the front and rear sides synchronously apply the extrusion force to the right-angle end of the cell, thereby achieving coordinated extrusion of the area.

[0052] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for testing the compression of energy storage batteries, applicable to energy storage battery compression testing devices, combined with... Figures 1-4 This includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the lower steel ring 31 on the upper part of the base 1, and then place the battery cell and aluminum end plate 32 on the base 1; Step 2: Place the top plate 15 above the battery module 3, so that the single pressure component 16 extends into the gap between adjacent cells. Apply pressure to each cell independently through the single pressure component 16 to determine whether each cell is qualified. Step 3: Remove the single-pressure component 16, and apply axial extrusion force to the qualified cells using the overall pressure component to conduct the overall extrusion test of the battery pack, and determine whether the overall pressure of the battery pack is qualified. Step 4: Fit the upper and lower steel rings 31 onto the qualified battery pack to form the battery module 3, and then remove the battery module 3.

[0053] It should be noted that the overall compression test simulates the overall mechanical impact experienced by the battery module 3 externally. Examples include the compression of the battery pack caused by vehicle body deformation during a collision, and the uniform / non-uniform load transfer resulting from lateral impact deformation of the energy storage cabinet during installation or transportation. This test aims to evaluate the overall structural design of the battery module 3 and the coordinated response and safety of the cells under overall constraints. Passing the individual cell test only indicates that the cell itself is safe under specific local pressure. However, when multiple cells are fixed into a module using aluminum end plates 32, a new system is formed. The overall compression test is a crucial step in verifying whether these structural components can effectively protect the cells under external pressure, uniformly distribute stress, and prevent overall buckling or failure of the module.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0055] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A battery compression testing device, characterized in that, include: The base (1) is used to support the parallel arranged battery cells, the aluminum end plate (32) located on the outside of the battery cells at the end, and the upper and lower steel rings (31) used to hold and squeeze the qualified battery cells. Each single pressure component (16) can extend into the space between adjacent cells to apply pressure independently to the side surface of the cell. Top plate (15), the single pressure component (16) is disposed below the top plate (15); The pressure control assembly is distributed on the outside of the two aluminum end plates (32) and is used to apply axial preload to the battery cell and the aluminum end plates (32) after the single pressure is qualified. The single-pressure component (16) includes: The force-applying plate has L-shaped plates (163) on both the front and rear sides, and wedge blocks (166) are installed on the outer side of the right-angle end of the L-shaped plate (163). Side plate (176), the side plate (176) is located in the region near the wedge block (166), the wedge block (166) is slidably connected to the inclined section of the side plate (176).

2. The energy storage battery compression testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single pressure assembly (16) also includes an elliptical column (161) rotatably mounted on the lower end of the top plate (15), and the force-applying plate is an extrusion plate (162). The extrusion plate (162) is slidably mounted on the lower end of the top plate (15) and located on both sides of the elliptical column (161). The side plate (176) is fixed to the front and rear sides of the extrusion plate (162).

3. The energy storage battery compression testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single pressure assembly (16) also includes a rotating shaft (170) rotatably installed at the lower end of the top plate (15). Pressure rollers (171) are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the rotating shaft (170). An elastic telescopic rod (172) is connected between the pressure rollers (171) and the rotating shaft (170). The force plate is an elastic compression pad (173). The elastic compression pad (173) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the top plate (15) and located on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft (170). The top plate (15) has an arc-shaped through groove (175) that slides with the top of the pressure roller (171). The upper and lower ends of the pressure roller (171) are respectively provided with rotating through grooves (177). A connecting plate (178) is provided in the rotating through groove (177). The connecting plate (178) located on the upper side is slidably connected to the top plate (15) from left to right. The side plate (176) is fixed between the upper and lower connecting plates (178).

4. The energy storage battery compression testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure roller (171) is fitted with auxiliary rollers (174) that are evenly distributed on the upper and lower sides.

5. A battery compression testing device according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, It also includes a horizontal positioning plate (14), which is disposed above the base (1) and located on the rear side of the cell to be tested.

6. The energy storage battery compression testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top plate (15) is provided with circular through slots (151) corresponding to the positions of each cell electrode post. Insert rods (152) are installed on both the front and rear sides of the top plate (15). The insert rod (152) on the front side is used to insert and cooperate with the base (1), and the insert rod (152) on the rear side is used to insert and cooperate with the transverse positioning plate (14).

7. The energy storage battery compression testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The corner of the L-shaped plate (163) corresponds to the right-angle end of the battery cell. A sliding column (164) is installed on the upper end of the L-shaped plate (163). An inclined through groove (165) that slides with the sliding column (164) is opened on the upper end of the top plate (15). The extension direction of the inclined through groove (165) is perpendicular to the right-angle end of the battery cell.

8. The energy storage battery compression testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure control component includes: Contact plates (11) are distributed on the outer sides of aluminum end plates (32) on both sides; Cylinder (13), the cylinder (13) is installed on one side of the base (1), and one end of the piston rod of the cylinder (13) is connected to one of the contact plates; A precision pressure regulating valve (12) is mounted on another contact plate (11) for regulating the air pressure of the cylinder (13).

9. A method for testing the compression of an energy storage battery, applicable to the energy storage battery compression testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the lower steel ring (31) on the upper end of the base (1), and then place the battery cell and aluminum end plate (32) on the base (1); Step 2: Place the top plate (15) above the battery cell, so that the single pressure component (16) extends into the gap between adjacent battery cells, and apply pressure to each battery cell independently through the single pressure component (16) to determine whether each battery cell is qualified; Step 3: Remove the single-pressure component (16), and apply axial extrusion force to the qualified cells using the overall pressure component to perform the overall extrusion test of the battery pack, and determine whether the overall pressure of the battery pack is qualified; Step 4: Fit the upper and lower steel rings (31) onto the qualified battery pack to form a battery module (3), and remove the battery module (3).

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