Extreme environment collaborative simulation system and control method

Abstract

The application discloses an extreme environment cooperative simulation system and a control method, and relates to the technical field of intelligent control.The system comprises an environment simulation module, a cooperative control module, an extreme environment mutation module and a structure damage evaluation module.The environment simulation module comprises a wind field simulation unit, a wave flow simulation unit, a salt mist simulation unit and a temperature and humidity simulation unit.The environment mutation coefficient is obtained through the extreme environment mutation module, the tower load, the wind wave angle, the salt mist temperature and humidity and other factors are introduced through the cooperative control module, the environment coupling coefficient is dynamically calculated and graded, the difference parameter linkage rule is corresponded, and the deviation between the simulation and the actual environment is reduced.The extreme environment mutation module is based on the coupling coefficient, adopts the nonlinear logarithmic constraint to quantize the mutation amplitude in combination with the extreme index deviation, matches the marine extreme event characteristics, covers various extreme scenes, and effectively improves the extreme environment simulation quality and the data accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology, specifically to an extreme environment collaborative simulation system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, wind power generation is characterized by its cleanliness, environmental friendliness, renewable nature, flexible installed capacity, and low operating and maintenance costs. It is, besides hydropower, the most technologically mature power generation method with the greatest potential for large-scale development and commercialization, and is therefore increasingly widely used. However, it is also increasingly approaching environmentally sensitive areas such as biodiversity conservation priority zones and ecologically fragile areas, which imposes some limitations. Subsequently, the abundant offshore wind energy resources and the feasibility of current technology have been discovered, making offshore wind power superior to onshore wind power in many aspects. The ocean is poised to become a rapidly developing wind power market. Simultaneously, the extreme environmental resilience of wind power equipment has received widespread attention. Due to the harsh marine environment, environmental simulation tests are required before offshore wind power equipment can be put into use.

[0003] Currently, the mode of independently controlling each environmental parameter is usually adopted, which ignores the synergistic relationship between parameters in extreme marine environments, such as the impact of wind speed and wave height on salt spray diffusion. This results in a large deviation between the simulated environment and the real environment, and does not consider the abrupt changes in extreme environments. There are a large number of irregular abrupt changes in marine environments, but traditional systems cannot generate abrupt changes. As a result, the test results only cover conventional extreme scenarios, resulting in poor quality of extreme environment synergistic simulation. The accuracy of the simulation test data for offshore wind power generation equipment is low and cannot meet the usage requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an extreme environment collaborative simulation system and control method, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an extreme environment collaborative simulation system, comprising an environment simulation module, a collaborative control module, an extreme environment mutation module, and a structural damage assessment module;

[0006] The environmental simulation module includes a wind field simulation unit, a wave current simulation unit, a salt spray simulation unit, and a temperature and humidity simulation unit. The wind field simulation unit is used to simulate wind speed and wind direction. The wave current simulation unit includes a wave generator and a current generator to simulate storm surges and ocean currents. The salt spray simulation unit is used to simulate the marine salt spray environment. The temperature and humidity simulation unit is used to control the ambient temperature and humidity. Several environmental parameters are obtained through the environmental simulation module.

[0007] The collaborative control module includes a unit load acquisition unit, which is used to acquire wind turbine load data. Based on the wind turbine load data and environmental parameters, the collaborative control module obtains an environmental coupling coefficient and adjusts the linkage ratio of different environmental parameters according to the environmental coupling coefficient.

[0008] When the environmental coupling coefficient reaches a set threshold, the difference between the environmental parameters and historical environmental parameters is analyzed by the extreme environmental mutation module, and the environmental mutation coefficient is obtained by combining the environmental coupling coefficient. The change range and presentation mode of the environmental parameters are adjusted according to the environmental mutation coefficient to simulate extreme environments.

[0009] The structural damage assessment module combines environmental mutation coefficient and load data to comprehensively assess the structural damage caused by extreme environments to wind turbines and obtain corrected fatigue damage values.

[0010] Optionally, the process by which the collaborative control module obtains the environmental coupling coefficient is as follows:

[0011]

[0012] In the above formula, C col (t) represents the environmental coupling coefficient at time t;

[0013] C0 is the basic coupling coefficient;

[0014] k1 is the load influence coefficient, with a value of 0.6;

[0015] F tow (t) represents the wind turbine tower load at time t;

[0016] F max Design the maximum load for the wind turbine tower;

[0017] F th The unit load warning threshold is set to 0.8.

[0018] Let t be the cosine of the angle between the wind direction and the wave direction at time t;

[0019] E env (t) represents the environmental impact coefficient at time t;

[0020] Obtain the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t. col After (t), a range is set for it to adjust the degree of increase of environmental parameters, as follows:

[0021] When the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t colWhen (t)≥1, it is a strongly coupled state. The amplification of the three parameters is increased synchronously in the ratio of 1:0.7:0.6. The wind speed amplification is increased by 10 times, originally planned to be increased by 5 m / s, but actually increased by 10 m / s; the wave height amplification is increased by 0.8 times, and the salt spray concentration amplification is increased by 0.6 times.

[0022] 0.8 ≤ time-environment coupling coefficient C col When (t) < 1, it is a medium-coupling state. At this time, according to the environmental influence coefficient E at time t, env (t) is adjusted, and the environmental impact coefficient E at time t is... env When (t) < 1.1, the preset environmental parameters remain unchanged; the environmental influence coefficient E at time t. env When (t)≥1.1, the wind speed increase and wave height increase remain unchanged, while the salt spray concentration increase increases by 0.6 times;

[0023] t-time-environment coupling coefficient C col When (t) < 0.8, it is a low coupling state. <0.5, reduce the wind speed increase and wave height increase simultaneously at a ratio of 1:0.7, keep the salt spray concentration increase unchanged, and the environmental impact coefficient E at time t. env When (t)≥1.2, the increases in wind speed and wave height remain unchanged, while the increase in salt spray concentration increases by 0.6 times. When the value is less than 0.6, the increase in environmental parameters remains unchanged, but the test duration doubles.

[0024] Optionally, the environmental influence coefficient E at time t env (t) The process is as follows: First, obtain the current salt spray concentration information and combine it with the salt spray concentration influence coefficient to obtain the salt spray influence term. Then, calculate the deviations of the ambient temperature and ambient humidity from their standard values ​​to obtain the ambient temperature deviation and ambient humidity deviation. Combine the ambient temperature deviation and ambient humidity deviation, and add the temperature and humidity deviation influence coefficient to obtain the temperature and humidity deviation correction term. Finally, combine the salt spray influence term and the temperature and humidity deviation correction term to obtain the environmental influence coefficient E. env (t);

[0025] When time t, the environmental impact coefficient E env (t)≥1.3, and the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t col When (t)≥0.9, the unit load warning threshold F th Adjusted from the initial value of 0.8 to 0.75.

[0026] Optionally, when the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t... col When (t)≥0.8, the extreme environment mutation module is activated. When calculating the environmental mutation coefficient, the extreme environment mutation module first uses the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t. colBased on (t), and considering the deviation between the current comprehensive index of extreme environments and the historical average index of extreme environments, the abrupt change amplitude is adjusted through nonlinear logarithmic constraints to obtain the environmental abrupt change coefficient K at time t. mut (t), where the extreme environment comprehensive index is calculated by weighting wind speed, wave height, salt spray concentration and temperature and humidity data.

[0027] Optionally, obtain the environmental mutation coefficient K at time t. mut After (t), different mutation simulation levels are defined, and the variation range and presentation of environmental parameters are adjusted as follows:

[0028] 1≤t time environmental abrupt change coefficient K mut When (t) < 1.2, it is a low-amplitude mutation. Adjust any environmental parameter, with the adjustment range being 5% to 10%.

[0029] 1.2≤t time environmental abrupt change coefficient K mut When (t) < 1.5, it is a medium-amplitude sudden change, with wind speed increasing by 20% and a simulated 180-degree wind direction shear, resulting in a 30% increase in wave height; the salt spray concentration increases sharply by 30%, lasting for 15 minutes before returning to its original value;

[0030] Environmental mutation coefficient K over time t mut When (t)≥1.5, it is a high-amplitude sudden change, with the wind speed increasing by 40% and a pulse-like sudden change in wind speed superimposed. At the same time, a 180-degree wind direction shear is simulated, and the wave height and salt spray concentration increase by 50% simultaneously. After 30 minutes, the original values ​​are restored.

[0031] Optionally, when calculating the corrected fatigue damage value, the structural damage assessment module uses the basic fatigue damage value as a basis, combines the synergistic effect of the environmental mutation coefficient and the tower peak load, and amplifies the nonlinear damage effect through the square term of the peak load to obtain the corrected fatigue damage value.

[0032] Optionally, the environmental simulation module includes a self-testing unit, which is used to calculate the absolute difference between the set parameters and actual parameters of the wind field simulation unit, the wave current simulation unit, the salt spray simulation unit, and the temperature and humidity simulation unit. When the absolute difference between the set parameters and actual parameters is greater than 2%, the management personnel are notified to handle the issue.

[0033] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following method of use: an extreme environment cooperative simulation control method, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: After the equipment is installed, start the environmental simulation module according to the preset environmental parameters, and simulate extreme environments through the wind field simulation unit, wave current simulation unit, salt spray simulation unit and temperature and humidity simulation unit;

[0035] Step 2: After the environmental simulation module is started, the wind turbine load data is collected by the real-time load acquisition unit in the collaborative control module. The data is then combined with the real-time environmental parameters to obtain the environmental coupling coefficient. The linkage ratio of different environmental parameters is adjusted according to the environmental coupling coefficient.

[0036] Step 3: When the environmental coupling coefficient is ≥0.8, the extreme environmental mutation module is activated to analyze the difference between the current comprehensive environmental index and the historical comprehensive environmental index. Combined with the environmental coupling coefficient, the environmental mutation coefficient is obtained and divided into different mutation simulation levels. The magnitude of environmental parameter changes and mutation mode are adjusted according to the mutation simulation level.

[0037] Step 4: After the mutation simulation test is completed, the structural damage assessment module is activated to comprehensively assess the structural damage caused by the extreme environment to the wind turbine by combining the environmental mutation coefficient and load data, and obtain the corrected fatigue damage value.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] I. This invention introduces three influencing factors—real-time tower load feedback, wind and wave angle, and salt spray temperature and humidity—through a collaborative control module. It dynamically calculates the coupling strength of various environmental parameters to obtain the environmental coupling coefficient. Based on the environmental coupling coefficient, different coupling levels are divided, and different coupling levels correspond to different parameter linkage adjustment rules. Under strong coupling, wind speed, wave height, and salt spray increase proportionally and synchronously. Under low coupling, the wind and wave linkage intensity is automatically reduced to reduce the deviation between the simulated environment and the actual environment.

[0040] Second, this invention uses an extreme environment mutation module based on the environmental coupling coefficient, combined with the deviation between the current extreme environment comprehensive index and the historical average index, and adopts nonlinear logarithmic constraints to quantify the mutation amplitude, avoiding the unreasonableness of the mutation intensity increasing linearly with the degree of extremeness, and obtains the environmental mutation coefficient; different mutation scenarios are set according to the environmental mutation coefficient to match the changing characteristics of marine extreme events, so that the test results can cover different extreme scenarios, enhance the quality of extreme environment collaborative simulation, and improve the accuracy of the result data. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the system modules of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the control method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] For examples, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides an extreme environment collaborative simulation system, including an environment simulation module, a collaborative control module, an extreme environment mutation module, and a structural damage assessment module;

[0045] The environmental simulation module includes a wind field simulation unit, a wave current simulation unit, a salt spray simulation unit, and a temperature and humidity simulation unit. The wind field simulation unit is used to simulate wind speed and wind direction changes. It can simulate wind speed gradients at different heights, conform to the wind shear effect at sea, and realistically reproduce the differentiated wind loads on the tower, nacelle, and blades at different heights. It can customize and set various wind condition modes such as gusts, continuous strong winds, and sudden wind changes to meet the needs of different test scenarios.

[0046] The wave and current simulation unit includes a wave generator and a current generator, which are used to simulate the coordinated changes of storm surge and ocean current. The salt spray simulation unit uses a high-precision salt spray generator to simulate two states: dry salt spray and wet salt spray, and restores the complete corrosion process of salt spray deposition, adsorption and crystallization. The temperature and humidity simulation unit is used to simulate extreme temperature and humidity changes at sea and test the operational reliability of the unit in a wide temperature range and high humidity environment.

[0047] The collaborative control module includes a turbine load acquisition unit. After the environmental simulation module is started, the turbine load acquisition unit is used to collect wind turbine load data. Based on the wind turbine load data and environmental parameters, the collaborative control module obtains the environmental coupling coefficient and adjusts the linkage ratio of different environmental parameters according to the environmental coupling coefficient. The process is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] In the above formula, C col (t) is the environmental coupling coefficient at time t. The larger the value, the stronger the linkage between various environmental parameters.

[0050] C0 is the basic coupling coefficient, representing the standard linkage strength when there is no wind load feedback, that is, the unit is in a static state and is not subjected to load, and other related environmental factors have no impact. Therefore, the value is 1. This coefficient is a fixed constant calibrated based on the typical wind-wave coupling relationship in nearshore areas as specified in the "Marine Hydrological Observation Specifications", and does not require dynamic calculation.

[0051] k1 is the load influence coefficient, with a value of 0.6. It is obtained by training and optimization using historical test data and is used to quantify the degree of influence of load on coupling strength.

[0052] F tow (t) represents the wind turbine tower load at time t, reflecting the current structural stress state of the unit;

[0053] F max Design the maximum load for the wind turbine tower;

[0054] F th The unit load warning threshold is set to 0.8.

[0055] This is a load feedback correction term. When the tower load reaches 80% of the design value, i.e., the unit load warning threshold F... th Gradually reduce the environmental coupling coefficient; the axial load F at the bottom of the wind turbine tower at time t. tow (t) The closer to the maximum design load F of the wind turbine tower max The greater the reduction in the environmental coupling coefficient, the better the protection of the unit from excessive environmental coupling impact under high loads, thus achieving structural safety protection. This achieves both the purpose of limit testing and avoids overload risks. If the value is greater than 1.2, stop the test and notify the management personnel to inspect the wind turbine.

[0056] Let t be the cosine of the angle between the wind direction and the wave direction at time t, ranging from -1 to 1. It is used to quantify the synchronization degree between the wind direction and the wave direction. When the angle between the wind direction and the wave direction is 0°, it indicates complete synchronization, and the cosine value is 1, with the environmental coupling coefficient remaining at its maximum value. When the angle is 90° perpendicular, the cosine value is 0, and the environmental coupling coefficient is significantly reduced, simulating the scenario of asynchronous wind and waves in the real environment and improving the accuracy of environmental collaborative simulation.

[0057] E env (t) is the environmental influence coefficient at time t, which is used to quantify the impact of the corrosive environment on the structural strength. When there is high salt spray and drastic temperature and humidity changes, the coefficient is greater than 1, thus amplifying the environmental coupling coefficient and simulating the extreme synergistic effect under harsh conditions. When the environment is mild, the correction factor is close to 1, and the environmental coupling coefficient is less affected by salt spray, temperature and humidity.

[0058] Environmental impact coefficient E over time env The calculation process for (t) is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] In the above formula, S(t) represents the salt spray concentration at time t;

[0061] k2 is the salt spray concentration influence coefficient, with a value of 0.2. It is obtained through sample experiment testing, indicating that for every degree increase in salt spray concentration, the environmental influence coefficient increases by 0.2. This quantifies the amplification effect of high salt spray environment on coupling effect. Salt spray will form a conductive corrosion layer on the surface of unit blades and towers, accelerating the aging of structural materials and reducing the fatigue strength of materials. The actual damage under the same wind and wave load will be significantly increased.

[0062] T(t) is the ambient temperature at time t, and T0 is the standard ambient temperature;

[0063] H(t) represents the ambient humidity at time t, and H0 represents the standard ambient humidity.

[0064] k3 is the influence coefficient of temperature and humidity deviation, with a value of 0.5. It is obtained through sample experimental testing, indicating that for every 10% increase in temperature and humidity deviation, the environmental influence coefficient increases by 0.05.

[0065] The temperature and humidity deviation correction term is obtained by adding the temperature deviation and humidity deviation and then multiplying by the influence coefficient. It is used to quantify the degree of temperature and humidity deviation from the baseline value and the degree of influence of the coupling effect. Extreme low temperature, high temperature and high humidity will lead to a decrease in material toughness and a decrease in coating adhesion. Rapid temperature and humidity changes will also generate additional thermal stress, further aggravating structural damage. Therefore, by analyzing the impact of temperature and humidity on wind turbine units, the extreme environment co-simulation scenario is made closer to the real extreme marine environment, and the consistency between test results and actual service scenarios is improved.

[0066] In the marine environment, physical quantities such as wind, waves, and salt spray are strongly coupled. The higher the typhoon wind speed, the higher the concentration of salt spray it carries, and the wave height will also increase accordingly. When the angle between the wind direction and the wave direction decreases, the combined impact load of wind and waves on the tower will increase exponentially. If the test is conducted according to preset fixed parameters, the preset parameters are too conservative and cannot reach the unit's ultimate load capacity, rendering the test meaningless. If the preset parameters are too aggressive, they are prone to high loads, leading to the scrapping of the tested unit. The goal of extreme environment co-simulation is to allow the unit to reach its design load limit, but without exceeding the limit and causing irreversible damage. Fixed parameter mode cannot achieve this precise control.

[0067] Obtain the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t. col After (t), a range is set for it to adjust the degree of increase of environmental parameters, as follows:

[0068] When the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t col When (t)≥1, it is a strongly coupled state. The amplification of the three parameters is increased synchronously in the ratio of 1:0.7:0.6. The wind speed amplification is increased by 10 times, originally planned to be increased by 5 m / s, but actually increased by 10 m / s; the wave height amplification is increased by 0.8 times, and the salt spray concentration amplification is increased by 0.6 times.

[0069] 0.8 ≤ time-environment coupling coefficient C col When (t) < 1, it is a medium-coupling state. At this time, according to the environmental influence coefficient E at time t, env (t) is adjusted, and the environmental impact coefficient E at time t is... env When (t) < 1.1, the preset environmental parameters remain unchanged; the environmental influence coefficient E at time t. env When (t)≥1.1, the wind speed increase and wave height increase remain unchanged, while the salt spray concentration increase increases by 0.6 times;

[0070] t-time-environment coupling coefficient C col When (t) < 0.8, it is a low coupling state. A value <0.5 indicates a weak correlation between wind speed and wave height. The wind speed and wave height increases are simultaneously reduced at a ratio of 1:0.7, while the salt spray concentration increase remains constant. This simulates a marine environment with a large angle between wind and wave directions, testing the stability of wind turbines under irregular wind speed and wave height correlations. The environmental impact coefficient E at time t is then calculated. env When (t)≥1.2, it indicates high salt spray concentration and large temperature and humidity variations, while the increases in wind speed and wave height remain unchanged, and the increase in salt spray concentration increases by 0.6 times. When the value is less than 0.6, the increase of all environmental parameters remains unchanged, the test duration is doubled, and the operational reliability of the wind turbine is tested under long-term low load environment. If none of the above conditions occur in the low coupling state, the management personnel are notified to check the equipment.

[0071] When time t, the environmental impact coefficient E env (t)≥1.3, and the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t col When (t)≥0.9, it indicates high salt spray concentration, large relative temperature and humidity deviation, and environmental parameters are in a highly coordinated state. At this time, the risk of permanent damage to the wind turbine structure is too high, and the system will raise the unit load warning threshold F. th The value was adjusted from the initial value of 0.8 to 0.75, which enabled the coupling strength reduction effect to be triggered in advance, thus ensuring the safety protection of the unit structure while ensuring the test limits.

[0072] In reality, extreme marine environments are often sudden. For example, typhoon wind speeds may suddenly increase from 30 m / s to 40 m / s within 10 seconds, and wave direction may suddenly deflect by 90° as the typhoon moves. Such transient changes cause far more damage to wind turbines than steady-state parameters.

[0073] Testing with fixed parameters only verifies the unit's steady-state load capacity and cannot cover irregular and sudden scenarios. However, by using environmental coupling coefficient C at time t, the results can be better verified. col(t) allows for dynamic adjustment, automatically adjusting the increase in environmental parameters in response to real-time changes in coupling strength. This enables precise simulation of extreme environments, such as the complete process of a typhoon passing through. It also provides input for subsequent extreme environment mutation modules, where the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t... col When (t) reaches the threshold, irregular operating conditions such as sudden increase in wind speed and deflection of wave direction are automatically triggered to verify the transient response capability of the unit and improve the quality of collaborative simulation of extreme environment R.

[0074] Extreme environment mutation module, when the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t col When (t)≥0.8, the extreme environment mutation module is activated. The extreme environment mutation module first analyzes the difference between the environmental parameters and the historical environmental parameters, and combines the environmental coupling coefficient to obtain the environmental mutation coefficient. Based on the environmental mutation coefficient, the change range and mutation mode of the environmental parameters are adjusted. The process is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] In the above formula, K mut (t) is the environmental mutation coefficient at time t. The larger the value, the higher the mutation intensity and complexity of the extreme environment.

[0077] β is the extreme environment impact coefficient, with a value of 0.3, which is obtained through experimental testing and is used to adjust the weight of the impact of extreme environment on the mutation amplitude.

[0078] C col (t) is the environmental coupling coefficient at time t, which reflects the degree of synergy between the current wind field, wave current, salt spray concentration, temperature and humidity. By introducing the environmental coupling coefficient, the physical characteristics of the marine environment are reflected. The stronger the environmental coupling, such as the synergistic effect of typhoon and storm surge, the greater the probability and magnitude of sudden changes in environmental parameters.

[0079] R ext (t) is the comprehensive index of extreme environment at time t, which is calculated by weighting the real-time collected data of wind speed, wave height, salt spray concentration and temperature and humidity. By comparing each sub-index with the benchmark value of a normal extreme scenario, the score of each environmental parameter is obtained. The scores of all environmental parameters are weighted and combined to obtain the comprehensive index of extreme environment.

[0080] The definition of extreme scenarios is based on the definition of extreme marine environments in the "Specifications for Hydrological and Meteorological Observation of Offshore Wind Farm Projects", namely marine environmental conditions with a return period of 50 years or more. The threshold values ​​for various environmental parameters are as follows: wind speed threshold of 40 m / s, wave height threshold of 10 m, salt spray concentration threshold of 0.5 mg / m³, temperature deviation threshold of 30℃, and humidity deviation threshold of 40%.

[0081] The ratio of each environmental parameter to its corresponding threshold is calculated to obtain the score for each environmental parameter. The weighting is determined based on the degree of influence of each parameter on the wind turbine: wind speed weight 0.4, wave height weight 0.3, salt spray concentration weight 0.15, and temperature and humidity deviation weight 0.15. The scores of each environmental parameter are weighted and summed to obtain the comprehensive extreme environment index R at time t. ext (t).

[0082] R avg The historical extreme environment average index (R) is derived from data on similar wind turbine equipment during actual application. When any environmental parameter exceeds its corresponding threshold, it indicates an extreme scenario. The sum of parameters occurring during extreme scenarios is calculated over the equipment's operating time, and then the average value is calculated based on the number of extreme scenarios, thus yielding the historical extreme environment average index R. avg ;

[0083] γ is a local minimum value, taking the value 0.01, used to avoid errors in logarithmic calculations. The logarithmic effect term is used for nonlinear quantification of the difference between the current real-time environment and the historical average environment. When the value is 2, it means that the current extreme environment comprehensive index is twice the historical average. This achieves the nonlinear constraint that the higher the degree of extremeness at the current time, the slower the growth of the mutation amplitude. It avoids the unreasonable situation that the degree of extremeness doubles and the mutation amplitude also doubles under the linear function. In the real ocean, the mutation amplitude of extreme environment will not increase infinitely linearly with the degree of extremeness. The logarithmic function can better fit the actual physical law, improve the simulation accuracy, and at the same time prevent the test conditions from exceeding the safety threshold of the unit structure.

[0084] Obtain the environmental mutation coefficient K at time t mut After (t), adjust the magnitude and presentation of environmental parameters as follows:

[0085] When 1 ≤ time t, the environmental mutation coefficient K mut When (t) < 1.2, it represents a low-amplitude abrupt change. Any environmental parameter is adjusted within the range of 5% to 10% to test the conventional load response of the wind turbine under mild extreme environment and verify the stability of the foundation structure.

[0086] 1.2≤t time environmental abrupt change coefficient K mut When (t) < 1.5, it is a medium-amplitude mutation. Multi-parameter coordinated mutation is performed. At this time, three parameters are adjusted: the wind speed increases by 20% and the wind direction is simulated to change rapidly by 180°, meaning that the wind direction is reversed within 10 seconds; the wave height is increased by 30%; and the salt spray concentration increases by 30% and continues for 15 minutes before returning to the original value. This is used to simulate the typical extreme scenario of wind turbine units during typhoons and to test the load-bearing capacity of the units under multi-environment coupling.

[0087] Environmental mutation coefficient K over time t mut When (t)≥1.5, it represents a high-amplitude sudden change, with wind speed increasing by 40% and superimposed with pulse-like sudden changes in wind speed, such as wind speed decreasing from 42m / s to 35m / s and then rising back to 42m / s within 1 second, while simulating a 180° wind direction shear; wave height and salt spray concentration increase by 50% simultaneously, and after 30 minutes, they return to their original values, simulating the lateral impact of storm surge and the corrosive impact of typhoon carrying high concentrations of salt spray. Thus, by simulating a composite extreme environment, the ultimate bearing capacity and corrosion fatigue performance of wind turbine units are tested.

[0088] Based on the environmental coupling coefficient, and combined with the comprehensive index R of extreme environments at time t, ext (t) and the historical average index of extreme environments R avg The deviation is automatically calculated to determine the magnitude and changes of environmental parameter mutations, avoiding the blindness of traditional fixed increases. The simulated irregular extreme environment is more in line with the mutation law of marine environment.

[0089] Furthermore, when the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t... col When (t) < 0.8, the system will use the environmental mutation coefficient K at time t. mut (t) is locked at 1, and at the same time, the environmental mutation coefficient K at time t is... mut When the value of (t) is less than 1, the system also corrects it to 1, preventing the triggering of mutation amplification;

[0090] Because when time t, the environmental coupling coefficient C col When (t) < 0.8, it indicates that the synergistic interaction between environmental parameters is weak. The environmental state at this time is a low-coupling, conventional environment. Forcibly triggering a sudden change in this state would cause the environmental parameters to deviate from the coupling patterns of the real marine environment. Artificially creating unrealistic extreme shocks could subject the test unit to unnecessary overload risks, or even cause structural damage. Therefore, the environmental mutation coefficient K at time t is... mut (t) is locked to 1 to avoid triggering invalid mutations and ensure the structural safety of the extreme environment simulation test process.

[0091] The structural damage assessment module obtains the environmental abrupt change coefficient K at time t. mut After (t), the structural damage assessment module is used in conjunction with the environmental abrupt change coefficient K at time t. mut (t) and wind turbine load data are used to comprehensively assess the structural damage to the wind turbine caused by extreme environments, and the corrected fatigue damage value is obtained. The process is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] In the above formula, D corrThe corrected fatigue damage value is determined by the fact that a larger value indicates the wind turbine is closer to the structural failure threshold. After simulating and testing multiple sets of similar equipment, the corrected fatigue damage value D can be used to determine the optimal value. corr Evaluate the performance of wind turbine units.

[0094] D base The basic fatigue damage value reflects the cumulative damage of the wind turbine under conventional steady-state load. The conventional steady-state load is defined as follows: wind speed 15 m / s, wind direction and wave direction angle 0°, wave height 3 m, salt spray concentration 0.03 mg / m³, temperature 20℃, and humidity 75%. This meets the conventional test conditions for offshore wind turbines specified in the IEC61400-3 series standards. An allowable fluctuation range of ±5% is set for each of the above environmental parameters. If all environmental parameters are within the above range for 10 consecutive minutes, the turbine can be determined to be under conventional steady-state load conditions.

[0095] Basic fatigue damage value D base The calculations are based on the "Fatigue Load Test of Wind Turbine Generator Sets". The rainflow counting method is used to statistically analyze the number of load cycles and corresponding amplitudes of the wind turbine generator set under conventional steady-state load conditions. Combined with the material's SN curve (stress-life curve), the cumulative damage value under conventional steady-state load is calculated according to Miner's linear cumulative damage rule, which is the basic fatigue damage value D. base ;

[0096] F peak Peak load on the wind turbine tower represents the maximum load during extreme environment simulation.

[0097] F max Design the maximum load for the wind turbine tower;

[0098] λ is the abrupt damage influence coefficient, with a value of 0.3. It is obtained through experimental testing and can be adjusted within the range of 0.1 to 0.5 according to the material characteristics of the wind turbine to balance the synergistic amplification effect of abrupt changes and loads, and avoid the correction range being too large or too small.

[0099] K mut (t) is the environmental mutation coefficient at time t, which is used to quantify the additional impact of transient extreme environments such as sudden wind speed increase and wave deflection on the wind turbine structure.

[0100] The peak load effect term amplifies the nonlinear damage caused by the peak load by squaring it, which conforms to the physical laws of structural fatigue damage. The fatigue crack propagation rate is proportional to the square of the load. The closer the extreme peak load is to the design limit, the more exponentially the life loss increases. This is combined with the environmental abrupt change coefficient K at time t. mut(t), fully considers the impact of extreme environmental changes on the structure, making the evaluation results of wind turbine units closer to the actual service state of the units, and improving the accuracy of extreme environment collaborative simulation.

[0101] Furthermore, the environmental simulation module includes a self-testing unit, which is used to calculate the absolute difference between the set parameters and the actual parameters of the wind field simulation unit, wave current simulation unit, salt spray simulation unit, and temperature and humidity simulation unit. When the absolute difference between the set parameters and the actual parameters is greater than 2%, the management personnel are notified to conduct an inspection.

[0102] Please see Figure 2 This invention provides a control method: an extreme environment cooperative simulation control method, comprising the following steps:

[0103] Step S1: After the equipment is installed, start the environmental simulation module according to the preset environmental parameters, and simulate extreme environments through the wind field simulation unit, wave current simulation unit, salt spray simulation unit and temperature and humidity simulation unit;

[0104] Step S2: After the environmental simulation module is started, the wind turbine load data is collected by the real-time load acquisition unit in the collaborative control module. The data is then combined with the real-time environmental parameters to obtain the environmental coupling coefficient. The linkage ratio of different environmental parameters is adjusted according to the environmental coupling coefficient.

[0105] Step S3: When the environmental coupling coefficient is ≥0.8, start the extreme environmental mutation module, analyze the difference between the current comprehensive environmental index and the historical comprehensive environmental index, and combine the environmental coupling coefficient to obtain the environmental mutation coefficient, and divide it into different mutation simulation levels. Adjust the change range of environmental parameters and mutation mode according to the mutation simulation level.

[0106] Step S4: After the mutation simulation test is completed, the structural damage assessment module is started to comprehensively assess the structural damage caused by the extreme environment to the wind turbine by combining the environmental mutation coefficient and load data, and obtain the corrected fatigue damage value.

[0107] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An extreme environment collaborative simulation system, characterized in that, It includes an environmental simulation module, a collaborative control module, an extreme environmental mutation module, and a structural damage assessment module; The environmental simulation module includes a wind field simulation unit, a wave current simulation unit, a salt spray simulation unit, and a temperature and humidity simulation unit. The wind field simulation unit is used to simulate wind speed and wind direction. The wave current simulation unit includes a wave generator and a current generator to simulate storm surges and ocean currents. The salt spray simulation unit is used to simulate the marine salt spray environment. The temperature and humidity simulation unit is used to control the ambient temperature and humidity. Several environmental parameters are obtained through the environmental simulation module. The collaborative control module includes a unit load acquisition unit, which is used to acquire wind turbine load data. Based on the wind turbine load data and environmental parameters, the collaborative control module obtains an environmental coupling coefficient and adjusts the linkage ratio of different environmental parameters according to the environmental coupling coefficient. When the environmental coupling coefficient reaches a set threshold, the difference between the environmental parameters and historical environmental parameters is analyzed by the extreme environmental mutation module, and the environmental mutation coefficient is obtained by combining the environmental coupling coefficient. The change range and presentation mode of the environmental parameters are adjusted according to the environmental mutation coefficient to simulate extreme environments. The structural damage assessment module combines environmental mutation coefficient and load data to comprehensively assess the structural damage caused by extreme environments to wind turbines and obtain the corrected fatigue damage value. When the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t col When (t)≥0.8, the extreme environment mutation module is activated. When calculating the environmental mutation coefficient, the extreme environment mutation module first uses the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t. col Based on (t), and considering the deviation between the current comprehensive index of extreme environments and the historical average index of extreme environments, the abrupt change amplitude is adjusted through nonlinear logarithmic constraints to obtain the environmental abrupt change coefficient K at time t. mut (t), where the extreme environment comprehensive index is calculated by weighting data of wind speed, wave height, salt spray concentration and temperature and humidity; Obtain the environmental mutation coefficient K at time t mut After (t), different mutation simulation levels are defined, and the variation range and presentation of environmental parameters are adjusted as follows: 1≤t time environmental abrupt change coefficient K mut When (t) < 1.2, it is a low-amplitude mutation. Adjust any environmental parameter, with the adjustment range being 5% to 10%. 1.2≤t time environmental abrupt change coefficient K mut When (t) < 1.5, it is a medium-amplitude sudden change, with wind speed increasing by 20% and a simulated 180-degree wind direction shear, resulting in a 30% increase in wave height; the salt spray concentration increases sharply by 30%, lasting for 15 minutes before returning to its original value; Environmental mutation coefficient K over time t mut When (t)≥1.5, it is a high-amplitude sudden change, with the wind speed increasing by 40% and a pulse-like sudden change in wind speed superimposed. At the same time, a 180-degree wind direction shear is simulated, and the wave height and salt spray concentration increase by 50% simultaneously. After 30 minutes, the original values ​​are restored.

2. The extreme environment collaborative simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process by which the collaborative control module obtains the environmental coupling coefficient is as follows: In the above formula, C col (t) represents the environmental coupling coefficient at time t; C0 is the basic coupling coefficient; k1 is the load influence coefficient, with a value of 0.6; F tow (t) represents the wind turbine tower load at time t; F max Design the maximum load for the wind turbine tower; F th The unit load warning threshold is set to 0.

8. Let t be the cosine of the angle between the wind direction and the wave direction at time t; E env (t) represents the environmental impact coefficient at time t; Obtain the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t. col After (t), a range is set for it to adjust the degree of increase of environmental parameters, as follows: When the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t col When (t)≥1, it is a strongly coupled state. The amplification of the three parameters is increased synchronously in the ratio of 1:0.7:0.

6. The wind speed amplification is increased by 10 times, originally planned to be increased by 5 m / s, but actually increased by 10 m / s; the wave height amplification is increased by 0.8 times, and the salt spray concentration amplification is increased by 0.6 times. 0.8 ≤ time-environment coupling coefficient C col When (t) < 1, it is a medium-coupling state. At this time, according to the environmental influence coefficient E at time t, env (t) is adjusted, and the environmental impact coefficient E at time t is... env When (t) < 1.1, the preset environmental parameters remain unchanged; the environmental influence coefficient E at time t. env When (t)≥1.1, the wind speed increase and wave height increase remain unchanged, while the salt spray concentration increase increases by 0.6 times; t-time-environment coupling coefficient C col When (t) < 0.8, it is a low coupling state. <0.5, reduce the wind speed increase and wave height increase simultaneously at a ratio of 1:0.7, keep the salt spray concentration increase unchanged, and the environmental impact coefficient E at time t. env When (t)≥1.2, the increases in wind speed and wave height remain unchanged, while the increase in salt spray concentration increases by 0.6 times. When the value is less than 0.6, the increase in environmental parameters remains unchanged, but the test duration doubles.

3. The extreme environment collaborative simulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The environmental impact coefficient E at time t env (t) The process is as follows: First, obtain the current salt spray concentration information and combine it with the salt spray concentration influence coefficient to obtain the salt spray influence term. Then, calculate the deviations of the ambient temperature and ambient humidity from their standard values ​​to obtain the ambient temperature deviation and ambient humidity deviation. Combine the ambient temperature deviation and ambient humidity deviation, and add the temperature and humidity deviation influence coefficient to obtain the temperature and humidity deviation correction term. Finally, combine the salt spray influence term and the temperature and humidity deviation correction term to obtain the environmental influence coefficient E. env (t); When time t, the environmental impact coefficient E env (t)≥1.3, and the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t col When (t)≥0.9, the unit load warning threshold F th Adjusted from the initial value of 0.8 to 0.

75.

4. The extreme environment collaborative simulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When calculating the corrected fatigue damage value, the structural damage assessment module uses the basic fatigue damage value as a basis, combines the synergistic effect of the environmental mutation coefficient and the tower peak load, and amplifies the nonlinear damage effect through the square term of the peak load to obtain the corrected fatigue damage value.

5. The extreme environment collaborative simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental simulation module includes a self-testing unit, which is used to calculate the absolute difference between the set parameters and the actual parameters of the wind field simulation unit, the wave current simulation unit, the salt spray simulation unit, and the temperature and humidity simulation unit. When the absolute difference between the set parameters and the actual parameters is greater than 2%, the management personnel are notified to handle the issue.

6. An extreme environment collaborative simulation control method, employing the extreme environment collaborative simulation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: After the equipment is installed, start the environmental simulation module according to the preset environmental parameters, and simulate extreme environments through the wind field simulation unit, wave current simulation unit, salt spray simulation unit and temperature and humidity simulation unit; Step S2: After the environmental simulation module is started, the wind turbine load data is collected by the real-time load acquisition unit in the collaborative control module. The data is then combined with the real-time environmental parameters to obtain the environmental coupling coefficient. The linkage ratio of different environmental parameters is adjusted according to the environmental coupling coefficient. The environmental coupling coefficient includes the environmental impact coefficient. When the environmental impact coefficient is ≥1.3, and the environmental coupling coefficient C at time t is... col When (t)≥0.9, the load warning threshold of the wind turbine load data is adjusted; Step S3: When the environmental coupling coefficient is ≥0.8, start the extreme environmental mutation module, analyze the difference between the current comprehensive environmental index and the historical comprehensive environmental index, and combine the environmental coupling coefficient to obtain the environmental mutation coefficient, and divide it into different mutation simulation levels. Adjust the change range of environmental parameters and mutation mode according to the mutation simulation level. Step S4: After the mutation simulation test is completed, the structural damage assessment module is started to comprehensively assess the structural damage caused by the extreme environment to the wind turbine by combining the environmental mutation coefficient and load data, and obtain the corrected fatigue damage value.

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