Method and device for calculating internal pressure of target in high temperature gas cooled reactor, and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target internal pressure calculation method and device and electronic equipment. According to the present application, the nuclear reaction parameters, target structure and filling parameters, and working temperature parameters are automatically associated, and the thermodynamic temperature conversion and the step-by-step calling of multiple independent tools are not required. The linkage calculation of each key parameter is realized through the gas state equation, so that the technical problem that the single calculation time is long and it is difficult to meet the dynamic comparison demand of multiple schemes in target design due to the manual operation of parameter transmission, the step-by-step operation of yield calculation program, the independent steps of volume measurement and calculation tool and temperature conversion table in the existing internal pressure calculation method can be solved. The technical effects of shortening the target internal pressure calculation time and realizing the multi-parameter linkage efficient calculation are achieved, and the technical effects of supporting the target design multi-scheme dynamic comparison and improving the target design efficiency are further achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and electronic equipment for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature gas-cooled reactors, as the core technology of fourth-generation nuclear energy systems, are widely used in the field of medical isotope production.

[0003] In existing internal pressure calculation methods, it is necessary to manually convert Celsius temperature into thermodynamic temperature and then input it into the internal pressure formula. Since parameter transfer depends on manual operation, the traditional process requires running separate steps such as output calculation program, volume measurement tool and temperature conversion table. The time consumed in a single calculation is difficult to meet the needs of dynamic comparison of multiple schemes in target design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, and electronic equipment for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a method for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target is provided, comprising:

[0006] The amount of radioactive gas generated inside the target is determined based on nuclear reaction parameters. Based on the structural parameters and filling parameters of the target, the effective volume that the radioactive gas can occupy is determined; Based on the operating temperature parameters of the target, the thermodynamic temperature parameters used for gas state calculation are determined. Based on the amount of radioactive gas, the effective volume, and the thermodynamic temperature parameters, the internal pressure value of the target is calculated using the gas state equation.

[0007] Optionally, determining the amount of radioactive gas generated within the target based on nuclear reaction parameters includes: The activity of radionuclides generated is calculated based on the neutron flux rate, irradiation time, and target mass using a pre-defined nuclear reaction kinetic model. Based on the decay law of the radionuclide, the generation activity is converted into the number of gas molecules corresponding to the radioactive gas.

[0008] Optionally, determining the effective volume that the radioactive gas can occupy based on the structural parameters of the target and the parameters of the filling material includes: Calculate the total volume of the target based on its internal geometric dimensions; Calculate the volume occupied by the filling material based on its filling ratio and density; The effective volume is obtained by subtracting the volume occupied by the filling material from the total volume.

[0009] Optionally, determining the thermodynamic temperature parameters for gas state calculation based on the operating temperature parameters of the target includes: Receive the operating temperature parameter expressed in Celsius; The Celsius temperature is converted to thermodynamic temperature in Kelvin.

[0010] Optionally, the step of calculating the internal pressure value of the target based on the amount of radioactive gas, the effective volume, and the thermodynamic temperature parameters using the gas state equation includes: Convert the number of gas molecules into the amount of substance; The unit of the effective volume is unified to the volume unit under the International System of Units (SI); The internal pressure value is calculated by substituting the amount of substance, the thermodynamic temperature parameter, and the effective volume into the ideal gas law.

[0011] Optionally, the method further includes: After performing the calculation, the calculated internal pressure value is compared with the theoretical reference value, and error analysis information is generated. If the error analysis information indicates that the error exceeds the preset tolerance, a verification prompt for the input parameters will be triggered.

[0012] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a device for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target is provided, comprising: The first determining unit is also used to determine the amount of radioactive gas generated inside the target based on nuclear reaction parameters; The second determining unit is also used to determine the effective volume that the radioactive gas can occupy based on the structural parameters and filling parameters of the target; The third determining unit is also used to determine the thermodynamic temperature parameters for gas state calculation based on the working temperature parameters of the target. The calculation unit is also used to calculate the internal pressure value of the target based on the amount of radioactive gas, the effective volume, and the thermodynamic temperature parameters, by means of the gas state equation.

[0013] Optionally, the first determining unit is further configured to: The activity of radionuclides generated is calculated based on the neutron flux rate, irradiation time, and target mass using a pre-defined nuclear reaction kinetic model. Based on the decay law of the radionuclide, the generation activity is converted into the number of gas molecules corresponding to the radioactive gas.

[0014] Optionally, the second determining unit is further configured to: Calculate the total volume of the target based on its internal geometric dimensions; Calculate the volume occupied by the filling material based on its filling ratio and density; The effective volume is obtained by subtracting the volume occupied by the filling material from the total volume.

[0015] Optionally, the third determining unit is further configured to: Receive the operating temperature parameter expressed in Celsius; The Celsius temperature is converted to thermodynamic temperature in Kelvin.

[0016] Optionally, the computing unit is further configured to: Convert the number of gas molecules into the amount of substance; The unit of the effective volume is unified to the volume unit under the International System of Units (SI); The internal pressure value is calculated by substituting the amount of substance, the thermodynamic temperature parameter, and the effective volume into the ideal gas law.

[0017] Optional, also includes: The comparison unit is also used to compare the calculated internal pressure value with the theoretical reference value after the calculation is performed, and to generate error analysis information; The verification unit is also used to trigger a verification prompt for the input parameters if the error analysis information indicates that the error exceeds a preset tolerance.

[0018] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: At least one processor; and A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0019] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are configured to cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0020] According to a fifth aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect above.

[0021] The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target internal pressure calculation method, apparatus, and electronic equipment disclosed herein automatically associate nuclear reaction parameters, target structure and filling parameters, and operating temperature parameters. This eliminates the need for manual thermodynamic temperature conversion and step-by-step calling of multiple independent tools. The calculation of key parameters is achieved through the gas equation of state. Therefore, this solves the technical problem in existing internal pressure calculation methods where parameter transfer relies on manual operation, and the need to run yield calculation programs, volume measurement tools, and temperature conversion tables in separate steps leads to long calculation times per run, making it difficult to meet the dynamic comparison requirements of multiple schemes in target design. This achieves the technical effects of shortening the calculation time for target internal pressure, realizing efficient multi-parameter linkage calculation, supporting dynamic comparison of multiple target design schemes, and improving target design efficiency.

[0022] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this application. Other features of this application will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to better understand this solution and do not constitute a limitation of this disclosure. Wherein: Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target internal pressure calculation device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target internal pressure calculation device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device provided for embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments to aid understanding, and should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0025] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, outlines a method, apparatus, and electronic device for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target, as provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step 101: Determine the amount of radioactive gas generated within the target based on nuclear reaction parameters; Determining the amount of radioactive gas generated within the target based on nuclear reaction parameters is a fundamental step in calculating the internal pressure of the I-131 high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target. The core of this process lies in accurately quantifying the amount of radioactive gas generated through nuclear reaction mechanisms. Nuclear reaction parameters include neutron flux rate, irradiation time, and the mass of Te or the equivalent mass of Te in TeO2. These parameters directly determine the source and scale of radioactive gas generation.

[0028] The radioactive gas is mainly I2, which is generated from a specific nuclear reaction chain: 130Te absorbs neutrons to generate 131Te, and 131Te further decays to produce I-131. Since the half-life of I-131 is much shorter than that of 131Te, the number of I-131 atoms can be considered to be approximately equal to the total decay of 131Te. Each I2 molecule is composed of two I-131 atoms, so the number of I2 molecules can be calculated from the number of I-131 atoms.

[0029] The calculation process requires combining the principles of nuclear reaction kinetics with the reaction cross section of 130Te and the decay constant of 131Te to establish a quantitative link between nuclear reaction parameters and the number of I2 molecules. By correlating parameters such as the initial number of 130Te atoms, neutron flux rate, and irradiation time through relevant calculation formulas, the number of I-131 atoms generated per unit mass of Te is obtained, which is then further converted into the number of I2 molecules or the amount of substance. This step achieves a direct correlation between the nuclear reaction process and the amount of radioactive gas, avoiding the disconnect between the two in traditional calculations. It provides accurate and reliable gas quantity parameters for subsequent internal pressure calculations, ensuring the scientific validity and accuracy of the basic data for internal pressure calculations, and laying an important foundation for parameter linkage throughout the entire calculation system.

[0030] Step 102: Based on the structural parameters and filling parameters of the target, determine the effective volume that the radioactive gas can occupy; Determining the effective volume that radioactive gas can occupy based on the structural parameters of the target and the parameters of the filling material is a key spatial parameter support link for calculating the internal pressure of the I-131 high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target. The core lies in accurately quantifying the size of the space in which the gas can freely distribute by means of the linkage between the target's own structure and the characteristics of the filling material.

[0031] The structural parameters of the target mainly include the inner diameter and inner height of the inner shell. The inner shell, as the carrier of radioactive gas and filler material, directly determines the total volume of the target. Typically, the inner shell is designed as a cylindrical structure to facilitate accurate volume calculation. The core parameters of the filler material are the amount and density of TeO2. As the core filler material within the target, the amount of TeO2 is usually expressed as a percentage of the total target volume, while the density is a fixed physical constant and is a crucial basis for calculating the volume occupied by the filler material.

[0032] In the calculation process, the total volume of the target is first calculated using the cylindrical volume formula based on the inner diameter and height of the inner shell. The total volume represents the overall space the target can accommodate. Then, combining the TeO2 content, total volume, and density, the volume occupied by the TeO2 powder is calculated. Specifically, the mass of TeO2 is obtained by multiplying the content percentage by the total volume and density, and then dividing the mass by the density to obtain the volume occupied by the filler. The effective volume is the total target volume minus the volume occupied by the TeO2 powder. A simplified calculation method can be derived: the effective volume equals the total volume multiplied by (1 minus the content percentage). This calculation method achieves precise matching of the effective volume with the dynamic changes in the TeO2 content, avoiding spatial parameter deviations caused by the traditional fixed volume assumption.

[0033] By deeply correlating structural parameters with filling parameters, a complete quantitative link of "structural dimensions → total volume → filling volume → effective volume" is constructed, ensuring that the spatial parameters of radioactive gas are highly consistent with actual working conditions. This provides an accurate and reliable spatial basis for subsequent internal pressure calculations, enabling precise matching between gas quantity and spatial quantity in internal pressure calculations, and improving the scientificity and accuracy of the entire calculation system.

[0034] Step 103: Based on the operating temperature parameters of the target, determine the thermodynamic temperature parameters used for gas state calculation; Determining the thermodynamic temperature parameters for gas state calculations based on the target's operating temperature parameters is a crucial energy parameter guarantee step for calculating the internal pressure of the I131 high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target. The core lies in converting the actual operating temperature parameters into the standard temperature form required by the gas state equation through standardized temperature conversion logic, thus providing an accurate energy basis for internal pressure calculations.

[0035] The operating temperature parameter of a target refers to the actual temperature level it experiences during operation in a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, typically expressed in Celsius. This temperature directly reflects the thermal state of the target's internal environment and is a core factor influencing the kinetic energy of radioactive gas molecules. Gas state calculations, especially the application of the ideal gas law, have specific requirements for temperature parameters. Thermodynamic temperature, i.e., Kelvin temperature, must be used as the basis for calculations because it accurately reflects the intensity of the thermal motion of gas molecules and serves as a crucial bridge in establishing the relationship between temperature and pressure, directly determining the scientific validity and accuracy of internal pressure calculations.

[0036] In practice, the conversion between the two temperature forms must be based on a fixed temperature conversion logic to ensure the accuracy and accuracy of the conversion process and avoid omissions or errors that may occur with traditional manual conversion. This conversion process does not require the introduction of additional complex parameters; it can be completed based solely on the working temperature parameter itself, achieving seamless connection and standardized processing of temperature parameters.

[0037] The accurate conversion of the target's actual operating temperature into thermodynamic temperature parameters not only meets the technical requirements of gas state calculations but also forms a complete parameter chain with the effective volume of radioactive gas determined in the previous steps. This enables the organic linkage between the gas volume space and energy parameters, providing indispensable energy parameter support for the subsequent accurate calculation of internal pressure. It also lays an important foundation for the automated closed-loop operation of the entire calculation system, effectively improving the reliability and efficiency of internal pressure calculations.

[0038] Step 104: Based on the amount of radioactive gas, the effective volume, and the thermodynamic temperature parameters, calculate the internal pressure value of the target through the gas state equation.

[0039] The internal pressure of the target is calculated by linking the effective volume of radioactive gas and thermodynamic temperature parameters using the gas equation of state. This step is the core execution link of the internal pressure calculation system for the I-131 high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target. The key lies in the organic integration of three key parameters through standardized gas equations of state, accurately quantifying the magnitude of the target's internal pressure. The gas equation of state is the core basis for establishing the relationship between spatial parameters of gas volume, energy parameters, and pressure, and can scientifically reflect the comprehensive influence of each parameter on pressure. Among these, the ideal gas equation of state is the preferred basis for this step due to its adaptability and calculation accuracy.

[0040] The amount of radioactive gas corresponds to the total amount of gaseous matter required for the calculation. This parameter is precisely calculated by converting the amount of radioactive gas generated per unit mass of packing material determined in the previous steps with the mass of packing material, directly reflecting the scale of gas produced during the nuclear reaction process. The effective volume is the size of the space that the radioactive gas can freely occupy, reflecting the actual space within the target that can accommodate gas distribution. Its value has been determined through a linkage calculation of the target structural parameters and packing material parameters. The thermodynamic temperature parameter is an energy characterization after standardization, accurately reflecting the intensity of the thermal motion of gas molecules, providing a reliable energy basis for pressure calculations.

[0041] During the calculation process, it is necessary to ensure the consistency of units for all parameters. For example, the effective volume needs to be converted to a volume unit compatible with the gas constant to avoid calculation errors caused by unit mismatch. Then, the total amount of gas, effective volume, thermodynamic temperature, and fixed gas constant are substituted into the ideal gas law, and the internal pressure value of the target can be obtained through direct calculation using the formula.

[0042] Through fully automated linkage of all parameters, a complete quantitative link from nuclear reaction parameters, spatial parameters, and energy parameters to pressure results is realized. No manual intervention is required for data integration or repeated formula input. This not only significantly reduces the risk of human error but also significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of pressure calculation. It provides direct and reliable pressure data support for target structure optimization, operational parameter evaluation, and safety analysis, ensuring that the entire calculation system forms a closed loop and has strong engineering applicability.

[0043] In some embodiments, determining the amount of radioactive gas generated within the target based on nuclear reaction parameters includes: The activity of radionuclides generated is calculated based on the neutron flux rate, irradiation time, and target mass using a pre-defined nuclear reaction kinetic model. Based on the decay law of the radionuclide, the generation activity is converted into the number of gas molecules corresponding to the radioactive gas.

[0044] The process of determining the amount of radioactive gas generated within a target based on nuclear reaction parameters includes the following steps. This process relies on the fundamental laws of nuclear reactions and the logic of matter transformation to ensure the accuracy and scientific validity of the radioactive gas quantity calculation. First, based on the neutron flux irradiation time and target mass, the activity of the generated radionuclides is calculated using a pre-defined nuclear reaction kinetic model.

[0045] Neutron fluence reflects the number of neutrons irradiated per unit area of ​​target material per unit time, and is a key external condition for triggering nuclear reactions. Irradiation time characterizes the duration of the target material's exposure to neutrons, directly affecting the extent of the nuclear reaction. Target mass specifically refers to the mass of Te participating in the nuclear reaction or the equivalent mass of Te in TeO2, and is the material basis for the occurrence of nuclear reactions. The pre-defined nuclear reaction kinetic model is constructed based on a specific nuclear reaction chain. This model integrates key nuclear physics parameters such as the decay constant of the nuclear reaction cross section, and can accurately describe the interaction process between neutrons and target nuclei. By substituting the neutron fluence, irradiation time, and target mass into the model, the generation activity of radionuclide 131Te can be calculated. This generation activity directly reflects the relationship between the generation rate and the cumulative amount of 131Te, providing core data support for subsequent gas quantity conversion.

[0046] Based on the decay patterns of radionuclides, the activity generated is converted into the number of gas molecules corresponding to the radioactive gas. Radionuclide 131Te has a fixed decay characteristic, decaying via beta to form radionuclide I-131. The half-life of I-131 is much shorter than that of 131Te; therefore, in practical calculations, the number of I-131 atoms can be approximated as the total number of decaying 131Te atoms. Since the main component of the radioactive gas is I2, and each I2 molecule is composed of two I-131 atoms, the number of I2 molecules can be obtained through simple conversion after determining the number of I-131 atoms.

[0047] The entire process achieves a complete quantitative conversion from nuclear reaction parameters to the activity of radioactive nuclide generation and then to the number of radioactive gas molecules, ensuring a direct correlation between the amount of radioactive gas and the nuclear reaction process. This provides accurate gas quantity data that conforms to actual working conditions for subsequent internal pressure calculations. At the same time, this conversion logic also ensures the rigor and repeatability of the calculation process, avoiding errors caused by the disconnect between gas quantity and nuclear reaction process in traditional calculations.

[0048] In some embodiments, determining the effective volume that the radioactive gas can occupy based on the structural parameters of the target and the parameters of the filling material includes: Calculate the total volume of the target based on its internal geometric dimensions; Calculate the volume occupied by the filling material based on its filling ratio and density; The effective volume is obtained by subtracting the volume occupied by the filling material from the total volume.

[0049] The process of determining the effective volume that radioactive gas can occupy based on the structural parameters and filling parameters of the target is a crucial step in ensuring the accuracy of spatial parameters in the internal pressure calculation of the I-131 high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target. The core lies in achieving a precise match between the usable space for the gas through quantitative calculation of the target's own geometric characteristics and the space occupied by the filling. The core structural parameters of the target are reflected in its internal geometric dimensions, which directly determine the overall spatial range that the target can accommodate for the filling and radioactive gas. Typically, the inner cladding of the target is designed as a cylindrical structure, and its internal geometric dimensions mainly include the inner diameter and inner height. This structural design facilitates engineering processing and ensures the accuracy of volume calculations.

[0050] When calculating the total volume, the total volume of the target can be obtained by combining the determined inner diameter and inner height, based on the logic of cylindrical volume calculation. This total volume is the basic benchmark for subsequent calculations of various spatial parameters. The filling parameters mainly include the filling ratio and density. The filling material is TeO2 powder. The filling ratio is usually expressed as a percentage of the total target volume, reflecting the degree of filling of the filling material in the target. The density is an inherent physical constant of TeO2 and is the core basis for calculating its occupied volume.

[0051] When calculating the volume occupied by the filler, the mass of the filler is first obtained by multiplying the filler ratio by the total volume of the target. Then, using the ratio of mass to density, the actual volume occupied by the filler within the target can be accurately calculated. The entire calculation process strictly follows the basic physical relationships of mass, volume, and density, ensuring the reliability of the results. The effective volume is obtained by calculating the difference between the total volume and the volume occupied by the filler. This calculation method can dynamically respond to changes in the filler ratio. When the filler ratio is adjusted, the volume occupied by the filler changes accordingly, and the effective volume will also be dynamically adjusted accordingly, avoiding spatial parameter deviations caused by the traditional fixed volume assumption not matching the actual working conditions.

[0052] By establishing a complete quantitative link between internal geometric dimensions, total volume, filler volume, and effective volume, a deep correlation between the target's spatial parameters and the filler characteristics is achieved. This enables the effective volume to accurately match the scale of radioactive gas generation, forming a "quantity-space" fit with the amount of radioactive gas determined in the preceding steps. This lays a solid foundation for the linkage between the spatial parameters of gas quantity and thermodynamic temperature parameters in subsequent internal pressure calculations, ensuring that the spatial parameters of the entire calculation system possess scientific validity and accuracy that are highly consistent with actual operating conditions.

[0053] In some embodiments, determining the thermodynamic temperature parameters for gas state calculation based on the operating temperature parameters of the target includes: Receive the operating temperature parameter expressed in Celsius; The Celsius temperature is converted to thermodynamic temperature in Kelvin.

[0054] The process of determining the thermodynamic temperature parameters used for gas state calculations based on the target's operating temperature parameters is a crucial step in ensuring the accuracy of energy parameters in internal pressure calculations. The core lies in transforming the actual operating temperature parameters into a standard form suitable for gas state calculations through standardized temperature conversion logic. The operating temperature parameter is the actual temperature level of the target during operation in a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, typically expressed in Celsius. This temperature directly reflects the internal thermal environment of the target and is a core factor influencing the intensity of the thermal motion of radioactive gas molecules. Gas state calculations, especially the application of the ideal gas law, have specific requirements for temperature parameters. Thermodynamic temperatures in Kelvin must be used because they accurately reflect the essential characteristics of gas molecule thermal motion and are the core link in establishing a scientific relationship between temperature and pressure, directly determining the logical rigor and reliability of the results in internal pressure calculations.

[0055] In the specific implementation process, the system first receives the operating temperature parameter expressed in Celsius. This parameter originates from actual monitoring data or design preset values ​​during the target's operation, accurately reflecting the target's thermal conditions. Then, the temperature unit is converted. Following a fixed conversion logic, the Celsius temperature is converted to thermodynamic temperature. The core logic is to add a fixed value of 27315 to the Celsius temperature. Through this simple and accurate conversion method, the thermodynamic temperature in Kelvin can be quickly obtained. This conversion method does not require the introduction of additional complex parameters, is convenient to operate, and has extremely small conversion errors, effectively avoiding omissions or calculation errors that may occur with traditional manual conversion.

[0056] This process achieves seamless integration and standardized processing of working temperature parameters into thermodynamic temperature parameters. It not only meets the calculation requirements of the gas equation of state, but also forms a complete three-dimensional parameter chain with the effective volume of radioactive gas determined in the previous steps. This allows the spatial parameters of gas quantity and energy parameters to be organically linked, providing indispensable energy parameter support for the accurate calculation of the internal pressure value of the target. It also provides an important guarantee for the automated closed-loop operation of the entire calculation system.

[0057] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the internal pressure value of the target based on the amount of radioactive gas, the effective volume, and the thermodynamic temperature parameter using a gas state equation includes: Convert the number of gas molecules into the amount of substance; The unit of the effective volume is unified to the volume unit under the International System of Units (SI); The internal pressure value is calculated by substituting the amount of substance, the thermodynamic temperature parameter, and the effective volume into the ideal gas law.

[0058] The process of calculating the internal pressure of a target based on the effective volume of radioactive gas and thermodynamic temperature parameters through the gas state equation requires the organic integration of all parameters through parameter standardization and precise substitution into the equation to ensure the rigor and accuracy of the pressure calculation.

[0059] First, the number of gas molecules is converted into the amount of substance. The core component of radioactive gas is I₂, and the number of gas molecules directly reflects the microscopic particle size of the gas. The calculation of the ideal gas law requires macroscopic amounts of substance as a parameter basis. There is a fixed metric relationship between the amount of substance and the number of gas molecules. This relationship allows for precise conversion between the two, providing a suitable parameter form for the equation calculation and ensuring the compatibility between the parameters and the equation. Next, the unit of effective volume is standardized to the International System of Units (SI). The initial calculation result of effective volume may be expressed in different units based on the structural dimensions of the target. SI units are the standard unit requirement for the ideal gas law. Unit standardization avoids calculation deviations caused by unit mismatches, ensuring that all parameters involved in the calculation are consistent in the unit system, laying the foundation for the accuracy of the calculation results.

[0060] Finally, the internal pressure value is calculated by substituting the amount of substance, thermodynamic temperature parameters, and effective volume into the ideal gas law. The ideal gas law is the core theoretical basis for establishing the relationship between the microscopic particle characteristics of gas and macroscopic pressure. It can scientifically quantify the comprehensive influence of the amount of substance (reflecting the total amount of gas), the thermodynamic temperature (characterizing the intensity of molecular thermal motion), and the spatial constraints provided by the effective volume on pressure. In the calculation process, a fixed gas constant also needs to be introduced. This constant is the key coefficient connecting the various parameters to ensure the standardization and universality of the equation calculation.

[0061] The entire process, through three key steps—parameter conversion unit unification and equation substitution—achieved seamless integration and collaborative calculation of the effective volumetric thermodynamic temperature parameters of radioactive gas quantity. This ensured the standardized processing of each parameter and the linkage and integration of all parameters through the ideal gas law, making the calculation process logically coherent and the data reliable. The final output internal pressure value can accurately reflect the actual internal pressure of the target, providing core data support for the design optimization, operation evaluation, and safety analysis of the target. It also highlights the integrated and precise advantages of the entire calculation system.

[0062] In some embodiments, the method further includes: After performing the calculation, the calculated internal pressure value is compared with the theoretical reference value, and error analysis information is generated. If the error analysis information indicates that the error exceeds the preset tolerance, a verification prompt for the input parameters will be triggered.

[0063] The process of calculating the internal pressure of a target based on the effective volume of radioactive gas and thermodynamic temperature parameters through the gas state equation requires the organic integration of all parameters through parameter standardization and precise substitution into the equation to ensure the rigor and accuracy of the pressure calculation.

[0064] First, the number of gas molecules is converted into the amount of substance. The core component of radioactive gas is I2. The number of gas molecules directly reflects the microscopic particle scale of the gas. The calculation of the ideal gas law requires the macroscopic amount of substance as the parameter basis. There is a fixed metric relationship between the amount of substance and the number of gas molecules. Through this relationship, the two can be accurately converted, providing a suitable parameter form for the equation calculation and ensuring the compatibility between the parameters and the equation.

[0065] Unifying the unit of effective volume to the volume unit under the International System of Units (SI) is crucial. The initial calculation result of effective volume may be expressed in different units based on the structural dimensions of the target. The volume unit under SI is the standard unit requirement of the ideal gas law. Unifying the units can avoid calculation deviations caused by unit mismatch and ensure that all parameters involved in the calculation are consistent in the unit system, thus laying the foundation for the accuracy of the calculation results.

[0066] The internal pressure value is calculated by substituting the amount of substance, thermodynamic temperature parameters, and effective volume into the ideal gas law. The ideal gas law is the core theoretical basis for establishing the relationship between the microscopic particle characteristics of gas and macroscopic pressure. It can scientifically quantify the combined influence of the amount of substance (reflecting the total gas volume), the thermodynamic temperature (characterizing the intensity of molecular thermal motion), and the spatial constraints provided by the effective volume on pressure. A fixed gas constant must also be introduced during the calculation; this constant is a key coefficient connecting various parameters, ensuring the standardization and universality of the equation calculation. The entire process achieves seamless connection and collaborative calculation of radioactive gas quantity, effective volume, and thermodynamic temperature parameters through three key steps: parameter conversion unit unification, equation substitution, etc. This ensures the standardized processing of each parameter and achieves the linkage and integration of all parameters through the ideal gas law, making the calculation process logically coherent and the data reliable. The final output internal pressure value can accurately reflect the actual internal pressure status of the target, providing core data support for target design optimization, operational evaluation, and safety analysis. It also highlights the integrated and precise advantages of the entire calculation system.

[0067] Corresponding to the above-described method for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target, this invention also proposes a device for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target. Since the device embodiments of this invention correspond to the method embodiments described above, details not disclosed in the device embodiments can be referred to in the method embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0068] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target internal pressure calculation device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, it includes: The first determining unit 21 is also used to determine the amount of radioactive gas generated inside the target based on nuclear reaction parameters; The second determining unit 22 is also used to determine the effective volume that the radioactive gas can occupy based on the structural parameters and filling parameters of the target; The third determining unit 23 is also used to determine the thermodynamic temperature parameters for gas state calculation based on the working temperature parameters of the target. The calculation unit 24 is also used to calculate the internal pressure value of the target based on the amount of radioactive gas, the effective volume, and the thermodynamic temperature parameters, by means of the gas state equation.

[0069] Furthermore, in one possible implementation of this disclosure, the first determining unit 21 is further configured to: The activity of radionuclides generated is calculated based on the neutron flux rate, irradiation time, and target mass using a pre-defined nuclear reaction kinetic model. Based on the decay law of the radionuclide, the generation activity is converted into the number of gas molecules corresponding to the radioactive gas.

[0070] Furthermore, in one possible implementation of this disclosure, the second determining unit 22 is further configured to: Calculate the total volume of the target based on its internal geometric dimensions; Calculate the volume occupied by the filling material based on its filling ratio and density; The effective volume is obtained by subtracting the volume occupied by the filling material from the total volume.

[0071] Furthermore, in one possible implementation of this disclosure, the third determining unit 23 is further configured to: Receive the operating temperature parameter expressed in Celsius; The Celsius temperature is converted to thermodynamic temperature in Kelvin.

[0072] Furthermore, in one possible implementation of this disclosure, the computing unit 24 is further configured to: Convert the number of gas molecules into the amount of substance; The unit of the effective volume is unified to the volume unit under the International System of Units (SI); The internal pressure value is calculated by substituting the amount of substance, the thermodynamic temperature parameter, and the effective volume into the ideal gas law.

[0073] Furthermore, in one possible implementation of the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 3 As shown, it also includes: The comparison unit 25 is also used to compare the calculated internal pressure value with the theoretical reference value after the calculation is performed, and to generate error analysis information. The verification unit 26 is also used to trigger a verification prompt for the input parameters if the error analysis information indicates that the error exceeds the preset tolerance.

[0074] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the method embodiments also applies to the apparatus of the embodiments of this disclosure, and the principle is the same. Therefore, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0075] According to embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0076] Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 400 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, device 400 includes a computing unit 401, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a computer program stored in ROM (Read-Only Memory) 402 or a computer program loaded from storage unit 408 into RAM (Random Access Memory) 403. RAM 403 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of device 400. The computing unit 401, ROM 402, and RAM 403 are interconnected via bus 404. I / O (Input / Output) interface 405 is also connected to bus 404.

[0078] Multiple components in device 400 are connected to I / O interface 405, including: input unit 406, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 407, such as various types of monitors, speakers, etc.; storage unit 408, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 409, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 409 allows device 400 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0079] The computing unit 401 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 401 include, but are not limited to, CPUs (Central Processing Units), GPUs (Graphics Processing Units), various special-purpose AI (Artificial Intelligence) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, DSPs (Digital Signal Processors), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 401 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target internal pressure calculation method. For example, in some embodiments, the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target internal pressure calculation method can be implemented as a computer software program, which is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 408. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on device 400 via ROM 402 and / or communication unit 409. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 403 and executed by the computing unit 401, one or more steps of the methods described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 401 may be configured to perform the aforementioned high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target internal pressure calculation method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0080] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits), ASSPs (Application-Specific Standard Products), SOCs (System-on-Chips), CPLDs (Complex Programmable Logic Devices), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0081] The program code used to implement the methods of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0082] In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, RAM, ROM, EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory) or flash memory, optical fiber, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0083] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (Cathode-Ray Tube) or LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0084] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., application servers), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include LANs (Local Area Networks), WANs (Wide Area Networks), the Internet, and blockchain networks.

[0085] Computer systems can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally geographically separated and typically interact via communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. A server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, a hosting product within the cloud computing service system that addresses the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS (Virtual Private Server) services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability. Servers can also be servers for distributed systems or servers incorporating blockchain technology.

[0086] It's important to note that artificial intelligence (AI) is the study of enabling computers to simulate certain human thought processes and intelligent behaviors (such as learning, reasoning, thinking, and planning). It encompasses both hardware and software technologies. AI hardware technologies generally include sensors, dedicated AI chips, cloud computing, distributed storage, and big data processing. AI software technologies primarily include computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, machine learning / deep learning, big data processing, and knowledge graph technologies.

[0087] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0088] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the internal pressure of a target component in a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, characterized in that, include: The amount of radioactive gas generated inside the target is determined based on nuclear reaction parameters. Based on the structural parameters and filling parameters of the target, the effective volume that the radioactive gas can occupy is determined; Based on the operating temperature parameters of the target, the thermodynamic temperature parameters used for gas state calculation are determined. Based on the amount of radioactive gas, the effective volume, and the thermodynamic temperature parameters, the internal pressure value of the target is calculated using the gas state equation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the amount of radioactive gas generated within the target based on nuclear reaction parameters includes: The activity of radionuclides generated is calculated based on the neutron flux rate, irradiation time, and target mass using a pre-defined nuclear reaction kinetic model. Based on the decay law of the radionuclide, the generation activity is converted into the number of gas molecules corresponding to the radioactive gas.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the effective volume that the radioactive gas can occupy based on the structural parameters of the target and the parameters of the filling material includes: Calculate the total volume of the target based on its internal geometric dimensions; Calculate the volume occupied by the filling material based on its filling ratio and density; The effective volume is obtained by subtracting the volume occupied by the filling material from the total volume.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the thermodynamic temperature parameters used for gas state calculation based on the operating temperature parameters of the target includes: Receive the operating temperature parameter expressed in Celsius; The Celsius temperature is converted to thermodynamic temperature in Kelvin.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the internal pressure value of the target based on the amount of radioactive gas, the effective volume, and the thermodynamic temperature parameters, using the gas state equation, includes: Convert the number of gas molecules into the amount of substance; The unit of the effective volume is unified to the volume unit under the International System of Units (SI); The internal pressure value is calculated by substituting the amount of substance, the thermodynamic temperature parameter, and the effective volume into the ideal gas law.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: After performing the calculation, the calculated internal pressure value is compared with the theoretical reference value, and error analysis information is generated. If the error analysis information indicates that the error exceeds the preset tolerance, a verification prompt for the input parameters will be triggered.

7. A device for calculating the internal pressure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor target, characterized in that, include: The first determining unit is also used to determine the amount of radioactive gas generated inside the target based on nuclear reaction parameters; The second determining unit is also used to determine the effective volume that the radioactive gas can occupy based on the structural parameters and filling parameters of the target; The third determining unit is also used to determine the thermodynamic temperature parameters for gas state calculation based on the working temperature parameters of the target. The calculation unit is also used to calculate the internal pressure value of the target based on the amount of radioactive gas, the effective volume, and the thermodynamic temperature parameters, by means of the gas state equation.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; as well as A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that, The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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