一种特征提取与特征交互增强的扣件螺栓检测方法

By introducing FRepBlock and FADDet into the track fastener bolt detection model, the problems of insufficient feature extraction and localization performance of existing models are solved, achieving high-precision detection and localization in complex environments and enhancing the model's adaptability and anti-interference ability.

CN122156919BActive Publication Date: 2026-07-17HUAHAI ENG CO LTD OF CREC SHANGHAI +2

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
HUAHAI ENG CO LTD OF CREC SHANGHAI
Filing Date
2026-05-11
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing track fastener bolt detection models need improvement in feature extraction and positioning performance, especially in complex track environments where high-precision detection and positioning are difficult to achieve.

Method used

The model's ability to extract bolt features is enhanced by employing the feature extraction module FRepBlock based on structural reparameterization technology and the asymmetric decoupled detection head FADDet. The detection scenarios are enriched by offline data augmentation methods. A multi-branch parallel structure is designed to perform topological decoupling in the training and inference states. The channel shuffling mechanism is combined to improve the bounding box regression accuracy.

Benefits of technology

The model significantly improves its ability to detect and locate bolts with high precision, enabling accurate identification and positioning of fastener bolts under complex working conditions, and enhancing the model's generalization and robustness.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种特征提取与特征交互增强的扣件螺栓检测方法,包括:一种特征提取与特征交互增强的扣件螺栓检测方法,包括:S1采集扣件螺栓图像;S2标注并划分数据集;S3构建检测模型,包含骨干网络和检测头:骨干网络采用结构重参数化模块,训练态为多分支并行,推理态融合为单卷积,增强特征提取能力;检测头为非对称解耦结构,回归分支经卷积后切分为两路,一路变换、一路直传,拼接后执行通道混洗以提升定位精度,分类分支由深度卷积和普通卷积串联,降低计算量;S4训练模型获得权重;S5测试并评价结果。本发明优点在于:解决现有轨道扣件螺栓检测模型在特征提取能力和定位性能有待提升等问题。
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