Communication method, apparatus, storage medium, program product and chip system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a communication method, device, storage medium, program product and chip system, relates to the technical field of communication, and can determine at least two frequency offset estimation values for a target signal in response to that the terminal device receives the target signal; determine a first frequency offset value according to channel parameters corresponding to a target channel and the at least two frequency offset estimation values; the target channel is a channel used for receiving the target signal; and adjust the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device according to the first frequency offset value, so as to reduce the frequency offset between the terminal device and a transmitting terminal device and improve the accuracy of signal demodulation of the terminal device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus, storage medium, program product, and chip system. Background Technology

[0002] Terminal devices can demodulate signals sent by transmitting devices to enable communication with the transmitting devices.

[0003] However, if there is a frequency offset between the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device and the signal transmitting frequency of the transmitting device, it will affect the accuracy of the terminal device in demodulating the signal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a communication method, apparatus, storage medium, program product, and chip system that can reduce frequency offset between terminal equipment and transmitting equipment and improve the accuracy of signal demodulation by the terminal equipment.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a communication method is provided, comprising: in response to a terminal device receiving a target signal, determining at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal; determining a first frequency offset value based on channel parameters corresponding to a target channel and the at least two frequency offset estimates; the target channel being a channel for receiving the target signal; and adjusting the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device based on the first frequency offset value.

[0006] Since the first frequency offset value is determined based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and at least two frequency offset estimates, it has higher frequency offset accuracy. Therefore, the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device can be adjusted more accurately based on the first frequency offset value, thereby reducing the frequency offset between the terminal device and the signal transmitting device and improving the accuracy of signal demodulation by the terminal device.

[0007] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the target signal occupies at least three time-domain symbols; the determination of at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal includes: determining at least two time-domain symbol sets based on the at least three time-domain symbols; each time-domain symbol set includes two time-domain symbols; determining a frequency offset estimate corresponding to a first time-domain symbol set; the first time-domain symbol set is any one of the at least two time-domain symbol sets; the at least two frequency offset estimates include the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0008] Since the target signal occupies at least three time-domain symbols, at least two time-domain symbol sets can be determined based on these three time-domain symbols. Each time-domain symbol set corresponds to a frequency offset estimate, which enriches the reference dimension of the frequency offset estimate and thus yields a first frequency offset value with higher frequency offset accuracy.

[0009] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, determining the first frequency offset value based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and at least two frequency offset estimates includes: determining the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; the symbol interval is the interval between two time-domain symbols in the first time-domain symbol set; and determining the first frequency offset value based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets.

[0010] The weighting coefficients determined based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set are better suited to the actual situation / state of the target channel and the characteristics of the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set. Therefore, the first frequency offset value determined based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets more closely matches the actual frequency offset between the terminal device and the signal transmitting device, that is, the frequency offset accuracy is higher.

[0011] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the channel parameters include Doppler parameters; the determination of the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set includes: when the Doppler parameters corresponding to the target channel are less than or equal to the lower Doppler limit, determining the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and a first mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship includes that the larger the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0012] In the case of a low Doppler scenario, the larger the symbol interval of the time-domain symbol set, the higher the accuracy of its corresponding frequency offset estimation value. Therefore, a larger weight coefficient can be assigned to the time-domain symbol set with a larger symbol interval to improve the accuracy of the first frequency offset value determined subsequently based on the frequency offset estimation value and weight coefficient of each time-domain symbol set.

[0013] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the channel parameters include Doppler parameters and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameters; the determination of the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set includes: when the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler range, and the SNR parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the SNR range, determining the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and a second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes that the smaller the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0014] In the case of a target channel in a high Doppler and high signal-to-noise ratio scenario, the smaller the symbol interval of the time-domain symbol set, the higher the accuracy of its corresponding frequency offset estimation value. Therefore, a larger weight coefficient can be assigned to the time-domain symbol set with a smaller symbol interval to improve the accuracy of the first frequency offset value determined subsequently based on the frequency offset estimation value and weight coefficient of each time-domain symbol set.

[0015] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, determining the first frequency offset value based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets includes: obtaining a weighted frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; obtaining a second frequency offset value based on the weighted frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets; and determining the first frequency offset value based on the at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value.

[0016] As can be seen, by weighting the frequency offset estimates corresponding to each time-domain symbol set, a second frequency offset estimate is obtained. Then, by combining at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value, a first frequency offset value is determined, making the first frequency offset value closer to the actual frequency offset between the terminal device and the signal transmitting device, thus achieving higher frequency offset accuracy.

[0017] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, determining the first frequency offset value based on at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value includes: determining a confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on at least two frequency offset estimates; and determining the first frequency offset value based on the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value and the second frequency offset value.

[0018] The confidence coefficient, determined based on at least two frequency offset estimates, can quantify the reliability of the second frequency offset value. Therefore, the first frequency offset value obtained based on the confidence coefficient and the second frequency offset value is closer to the actual frequency offset between the terminal device and the signal transmitting device, thus improving the accuracy of the obtained first frequency offset value.

[0019] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on at least two frequency offset estimates includes: obtaining at least one set of frequency offset estimates based on at least two frequency offset estimates; each set of frequency offset estimates includes two frequency offset estimates; performing a difference operation on the two frequency offset estimates included in the target set of frequency offset estimates to obtain a difference corresponding to the target set of frequency offset estimates; and determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the difference corresponding to the at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

[0020] By forming at least one set of frequency offset estimates from at least two frequency offset estimates, and obtaining the difference by subtracting the two frequency offset estimates from the target set of frequency offset estimates, the difference between any two frequency offset estimates can be fully captured. This makes the confidence coefficient determined based on the difference more objective and accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of the first frequency offset value obtained from the confidence coefficient and the second frequency offset value.

[0021] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the differences corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates includes: determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the maximum value of the differences among the differences corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

[0022] Determining the confidence coefficient based on the maximum difference among the differences corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates can capture the most extreme dispersion between any two frequency offset estimates, avoiding distortion of the confidence coefficient due to masking abnormal differences. This makes the confidence coefficient more accurately reflect the reliability of the second frequency offset value, thereby improving the accuracy of the first frequency offset value.

[0023] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the maximum difference among the differences corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates includes: determining a target difference interval in at least one difference interval based on the maximum difference; the interval ranges of different difference intervals in the at least one difference interval do not overlap; the target difference interval is the difference interval where the maximum difference is located; determining the confidence coefficient corresponding to the target difference interval as the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value; the smaller the boundary value of the target difference interval, the larger the confidence coefficient.

[0024] The target difference interval is determined based on the maximum difference value. Then, the confidence coefficient corresponding to the target difference interval is used as the confidence coefficient for the second frequency deviation value. The smaller the boundary value of the target difference interval, the larger the confidence coefficient. This achieves standardized allocation of the confidence coefficient, avoids subjective assignment bias, and makes the determination of the confidence coefficient more accurate and consistent, thereby improving the accuracy of the first frequency deviation value.

[0025] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a communication device is provided, comprising:

[0026] The first determining module is used to determine at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal in response to the terminal device receiving the target signal; The second determining module is used to determine the first frequency offset value based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and at least two frequency offset estimates; the target channel is a channel used to receive the target signal; The adjustment module is used to adjust the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device according to the first frequency offset value.

[0027] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the target signal occupies at least three time-domain symbols; the first determining module is specifically used to: determine at least two time-domain symbol sets based on at least three time-domain symbols; each time-domain symbol set includes two time-domain symbols; determine a frequency offset estimate corresponding to a first time-domain symbol set; the first time-domain symbol set is any one of the at least two time-domain symbol sets; the at least two frequency offset estimates include the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0028] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically used to: determine the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; the symbol interval is the interval between two time-domain symbols in the first time-domain symbol set; and determine the first frequency offset value based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets.

[0029] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the channel parameters include Doppler parameters; the second determining module is specifically used to: when the Doppler parameters corresponding to the target channel are less than or equal to the lower limit of the Doppler, determine the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set according to the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the first mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship includes that the larger the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0030] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the channel parameters include Doppler parameters and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameters; the second determining module is specifically used to: when the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler value, and the SNR parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the SNR value, determine the weighting coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set according to the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes that the smaller the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weighting coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0031] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically used to: obtain a weighted frequency offset estimate corresponding to a first time-domain symbol set based on the weight coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; obtain a second frequency offset value based on the weighted frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets; and determine a first frequency offset value based on the at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value.

[0032] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically used to: determine a confidence coefficient for a second frequency offset value based on at least two frequency offset estimates; and determine a first frequency offset value based on the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value and the second frequency offset value.

[0033] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically used to: obtain at least one set of frequency offset estimates based on at least two frequency offset estimates; each set of frequency offset estimates includes two frequency offset estimates; perform a difference operation on the two frequency offset estimates included in the target frequency offset estimate set to obtain a difference value corresponding to the target frequency offset estimate set; and determine a confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the difference value corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

[0034] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically used to: determine a confidence coefficient for a second frequency offset value based on the maximum value of the differences among the differences corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

[0035] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, in some embodiments, the second determining module is specifically used to: determine a target difference interval in at least one difference interval based on the maximum difference value; the interval ranges of different difference intervals in the at least one difference interval do not overlap; the target difference interval is the difference interval where the maximum difference value is located; determine the confidence coefficient corresponding to the target difference interval as the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value; the smaller the boundary value of the target difference interval, the larger the confidence coefficient.

[0036] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a communication apparatus is provided, comprising: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to execute the executable instructions to implement the communication method described in the first aspect and any one thereof.

[0037] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein when instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor, the processor is enabled to perform the communication method described in the first aspect and any one thereof.

[0038] According to a fifth aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method described in the first aspect and any one thereof.

[0039] According to a sixth aspect of this disclosure, a chip system is provided, the chip system including a processing unit and an interface circuit, the processing unit acquiring program instructions through the interface circuit, the program instructions being executed by the processing unit, the processing unit being used to execute the communication method described in the first aspect and any one thereof.

[0040] It should be understood that the beneficial effects that the communication devices described in the second and third aspects above, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium described in the fourth aspect, the computer program product described in the fifth aspect, and the chip system described in the sixth aspect can achieve can be referred to the description of the beneficial effects that the communication method can achieve in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0041] Furthermore, the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of time-domain symbols in the time domain according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a process for determining a first frequency offset value according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating a communication apparatus 500 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a chip system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Some embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. Various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods and apparatus described herein will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but can be changed as will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure, except for operations that must be performed in a particular order. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0045] The embodiments described in the following examples of this disclosure are not representative of all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of methods and apparatus consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0046] The receiving device has a preset reference value for the signal receiving frequency. This reference value can be determined based on the communication frequency standard agreed upon in advance between the receiving device and the transmitting device. Its function is to provide an initial frequency reference for the receiving device to receive signals.

[0047] However, due to various factors such as the inherent frequency difference between the transmitting and receiving devices, the crystal oscillator output frequency of the receiving device deviating from the preset range, and the Doppler effect in the channel between the transmitting and receiving devices, the initial reference receiving frequency of the receiving device will deviate from the actual frequency of the signal transmitted by the transmitting device. This deviation can be called frequency offset, which will affect the accuracy of the receiving device in demodulating the signal.

[0048] In related technologies, the frequency offset estimate of the signal received by the receiving device (which may also be referred to as the target signal in this embodiment of the disclosure) can be calculated, and the signal receiving frequency of the receiving device can be adjusted based on the frequency offset estimate to compensate for the impact of frequency offset on the signal demodulation of the receiving device.

[0049] One approach is to estimate the phase rotation of the target signal in the time domain to obtain a frequency offset estimate. However, the accuracy of this frequency offset estimation method depends on the phase continuity of the target signal in the time domain. Due to non-ideal factors such as channel signal-to-noise ratio and Doppler effect, the target signal is prone to phase discontinuity in the time domain, affecting the accuracy of the frequency offset estimate obtained by this method. This, in turn, affects the accuracy of frequency adjustment for the receiving equipment, resulting in low demodulation accuracy of the target signal even after frequency adjustment, thus impacting the communication quality between the receiving and transmitting equipment.

[0050] To address the aforementioned issues, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method, apparatus, storage medium, program product, and chip system capable of determining at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal in response to a terminal device (also referred to as a receiving device in this disclosure) receiving a target signal; determining a first frequency offset value based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the at least two frequency offset estimates; and adjusting the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device more accurately based on the first frequency offset value, thereby reducing the frequency offset between the terminal device and the signal transmitting device and improving the accuracy of signal demodulation by the terminal device.

[0051] The solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The communication methods illustrated in some embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to terminal devices with signal processing capabilities (including receiving and demodulation). Examples include portable computers (such as mobile phones), tablets, laptops, personal computers (PCs), wearable electronic devices (such as smartwatches), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) devices, in-vehicle computers, and other terminal devices with signal processing capabilities. The communication methods illustrated in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, some embodiments of this disclosure illustrate a communication method including the following steps S101-S103: S101: In response to the terminal device receiving the target signal, determine at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal.

[0054] The target signal is the signal received by the terminal device during communication with the transmitting device, used for frequency offset estimation.

[0055] In one implementation, the target signal may include a pilot signal. For example, the target signal may include a Tracking Reference Signal (TRS) in a Fifth-Generation New Radio (5G NR) system, where the TRS is a type of pilot signal. The target signal may also be other signals, and this disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiments.

[0056] The target signal has a specific distribution pattern in the time domain. Therefore, the terminal device can obtain multiple (at least two) frequency offset estimates of the target signal based on the distribution pattern of the target signal in the time domain and the transmission characteristics of the target signal.

[0057] A frequency offset estimate is an estimate obtained by a terminal device based on the received target signal through specific signal processing methods. It reflects the actual frequency offset present when the terminal device receives the signal. In wireless communication systems, due to factors such as the inherent frequency difference between the transmitting and receiving devices, the deviation of the terminal device's crystal oscillator output frequency from a preset range, and the Doppler effect in the channel between the transmitting and receiving devices, the frequency of the target signal received by the terminal device will deviate from the reference frequency transmitted by the transmitting device. This deviation is the actual frequency offset, and the frequency offset estimate is an approximate representation of this actual frequency offset. Different frequency offset estimates can approximate the actual frequency offset of the target signal from different perspectives.

[0058] S102: Determine the first frequency offset value based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and at least two frequency offset estimates; the target channel is the channel used to receive the target signal.

[0059] The target channel is the specific communication channel upon which the terminal device receives the target signal. It directly carries the transmission process of the target signal and is affected by various factors in the wireless communication environment, such as interference along the channel propagation path, signal attenuation, and dynamic environmental changes. Channel parameters are key parameters that accurately reflect the transmission characteristics of the target channel. For example, channel parameters may include Doppler parameters characterizing the strength of the Doppler effect in the target channel. Alternatively, they may include signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameters characterizing the ratio of useful signal to noise in the target channel. Channel parameters reflect the transmission quality and stability of the target channel during the transmission of the target signal.

[0060] When determining the first frequency offset value, the channel parameters corresponding to the acquired target channel can be analyzed first to clarify the transmission status of the target channel. For example, it can be determined whether the target channel is in a low-interference, high-stability state or exhibits strong Doppler effects, low signal-to-noise ratio, or other unstable conditions. Then, multiple frequency offset estimates can be integrated based on the channel characteristics reflected by the channel parameters, combining at least two already determined frequency offset estimates. This integration process fully considers the impact of channel parameters on the accuracy of the frequency offset estimates. For example, when the channel parameters reflect stable target channel transmission, the integration process can focus more on the consistency characteristics of the frequency offset estimates; when the channel parameters reflect numerous non-ideal factors in the target channel, the integration process can focus more on offsetting the errors caused by these factors, ultimately obtaining the first frequency offset value. Because the first frequency offset value considers the channel parameters, it is closer to the actual frequency offset of the target signal than the frequency offset value obtained from at least one frequency offset estimate, resulting in higher accuracy.

[0061] S103: Adjust the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device according to the first frequency offset value.

[0062] In one implementation, given a first frequency offset value, its magnitude and sign can be analyzed to determine the direction and degree of deviation between the terminal device's signal receiving frequency and the transmitter's signal transmitting frequency. For example, a positive first frequency offset value indicates that the terminal device's signal receiving frequency is higher than the transmitter's signal transmitting frequency; a negative first frequency offset value indicates that the terminal device's signal receiving frequency is lower than the transmitter's signal transmitting frequency. Based on the analysis of the first frequency offset value and the operating characteristics of the signal receiving circuit included in the terminal device, a corresponding frequency adjustment command can be generated to control the relevant components in the terminal device's receiving circuit to perform frequency calibration operations. For example, when the analysis result shows that the first frequency deviation is positive and relatively large, it indicates that the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device is higher than the signal transmitting frequency of the transmitting device, and the deviation is significant. In this case, the generated frequency adjustment command can control the voltage-controlled oscillator in the receiving circuit of the terminal device to reduce the oscillation voltage, thereby reducing the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator and bringing the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device closer to the signal transmitting frequency of the transmitting device. When the first frequency deviation is negative and relatively small, it indicates that the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device is slightly lower than the signal transmitting frequency of the transmitting device. In this case, the generated frequency adjustment command can control the voltage-controlled oscillator to slightly increase the oscillation voltage, achieving a fine-tuning of the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device. If the absolute value of the first frequency deviation is extremely small, with only a slight deviation, the generated frequency adjustment command can control the frequency synthesizer in the receiving circuit of the terminal device to adjust the division ratio. By precisely adjusting the signal division ratio, the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device is calibrated, ensuring that the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device is consistent with the signal transmitting frequency of the transmitting device after adjustment.

[0063] As can be seen, this embodiment of the present disclosure avoids the one-sided errors that may exist with a single frequency offset estimate by obtaining at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal, providing multiple reference bases for accurately determining the frequency offset. Furthermore, determining the first frequency offset value by combining it with the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel receiving the target signal fully considers the impact of the target channel's transmission characteristics on the accuracy of the frequency offset estimation, making the first frequency offset value closer to the actual frequency offset of the target signal and improving the reliability of the frequency offset estimation. Adjusting the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device based on this accurate first frequency offset value can effectively offset the frequency offset between the transmitting device and the terminal device, reduce errors in the frequency adjustment process of the terminal device, improve the accuracy of signal demodulation by the terminal device, and improve the communication quality between the terminal device and the transmitting device.

[0064] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the target signal occupies at least three time-domain symbols; the determination of at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal includes: determining at least two time-domain symbol sets based on at least three time-domain symbols; each time-domain symbol set includes two time-domain symbols; determining a frequency offset estimate corresponding to a first time-domain symbol set; the first time-domain symbol set is any one of the at least two time-domain symbol sets; the at least two frequency offset estimates include the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0065] Among them, the time-domain symbol is the basic transmission unit of the target signal in the time domain. For example, the time-domain symbol can be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in a fifth-generation new radio (5G NR) system.

[0066] The target signal's at least three time-domain symbols can be distributed in the time domain according to a preset rule. For example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of time-domain symbols in the time domain according to some embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the target signal can occupy four time domain symbols (time domain symbol 1, time domain symbol 2, time domain symbol 3, and time domain symbol 4) in two consecutive time slots (time slot a and time slot a+1).

[0067] Each time-domain symbol can be paired to obtain multiple time-domain symbol sets, each containing two time-domain symbols. For example, see [link to previous section]. Figure 2 Time-domain symbol 1 and time-domain symbol 2 can form time-domain symbol set 1; time-domain symbol 2 and time-domain symbol 3 can form time-domain symbol set 2; time-domain symbol 3 and time-domain symbol 4 can form time-domain symbol set 3; time-domain symbol 1 and time-domain symbol 3 can form time-domain symbol set 4; time-domain symbol 1 and time-domain symbol 4 can form time-domain symbol set 5; time-domain symbol 2 and time-domain symbol 4 can form time-domain symbol set 6, and so on. Each of time-domain symbol sets 1-6 includes two time-domain symbols.

[0068] After determining the time-domain symbol sets, the frequency offset estimate corresponding to each time-domain symbol set can be determined. One time-domain symbol set corresponds to one frequency offset estimate. Based on the frequency offset estimates corresponding to each time-domain symbol set, at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal can be obtained. For example, the at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal can be the sum of the frequency offset estimates corresponding to each time-domain symbol set.

[0069] In one implementation, the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set can be derived.

[0070] Taking a first time-domain symbol set including the nth time-domain symbol and the (n+D)th time-domain symbol as an example, the received signal corresponding to the nth time-domain symbol and the received signal corresponding to the (n+D)th time-domain symbol can be extracted from the target signal received by the receiving terminal device. Then, these two extracted received signals can be linearly deconvolved with a reference pilot signal. The reference pilot signal is consistent with the pilot signal used by the transmitting device when sending the target signal, and is used to compare with the received signal to eliminate the influence of channel transmission.

[0071] Through the above linear deconvolution process, the channel impulse response estimates for the nth time-domain symbol and the (n+D)th time-domain symbols can be obtained. The channel impulse response estimates represent the transmission characteristics of the target channel and reflect its impact on the signal attenuation, delay, and other transmission effects of the target channel on the corresponding time-domain symbol. The channel impulse response estimates can include the complete phase information superimposed after the corresponding time-domain symbol is transmitted through the target channel. This phase information may include, for example, the phase rotation component caused by the actual frequency offset between the transmitting and terminal equipment, the phase component resulting from the inherent characteristics of the target channel itself, and the phase component caused by noise interference during transmission.

[0072] The product of the conjugate of the channel impulse response estimate corresponding to the nth time-domain symbol and the channel impulse response estimate corresponding to the (n+D)th time-domain symbol can be calculated to obtain a phase rotation amount characterizing the phase difference between the two channel impulse response estimates. This phase rotation amount can be represented in complex form. Furthermore, based on the interval (D) between the nth and (n+D)th time-domain symbols and the frequency parameters of the analog-to-digital conversion of the received target signal by the terminal device, a specific signal processing algorithm can be used to extract and quantize the phase rotation amount, obtaining a phase angle value related to the frequency offset.

[0073] In addition, channel characteristic parameters corresponding to the target channel can be introduced (e.g., the channel impulse response of the target channel at the nth time-domain symbol transmission time, the channel impulse response at the (n+D)th time-domain symbol transmission time, etc.) to perform targeted compensation and correction on the channel characteristic phase interference term and noise phase interference term superimposed in the phase rotation amount, so as to obtain the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0074] In this way, by combining multiple time-domain symbols of the target signal in pairs to form multiple time-domain symbol sets, each set corresponding to a frequency offset estimate, the reference dimensions of frequency offset estimation are enriched, and the signal characteristics of different symbol intervals are fully covered. Furthermore, by combining the characteristic parameters of the target channel in the process of deriving the frequency offset estimate, the inherent characteristics of the channel and the phase interference caused by noise can be specifically compensated, effectively reducing the impact of non-ideal factors on the frequency offset estimation results and improving the accuracy of the obtained individual frequency offset estimates.

[0075] In some embodiments of this disclosure, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a process for determining a first frequency offset value according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, the determination of the first frequency offset value based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and at least two frequency offset estimates includes the following steps S301-S302: S301: Determine the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0076] The symbol interval is the interval between two time-domain symbols in the first time-domain symbol set; the interval between two symbols is the time interval between the two symbols.

[0077] Each time-domain symbol has a fixed time length. The interval between two time-domain symbols can be used to represent the time difference between the calibration time (e.g., the midpoint) in the first symbol and the calibration time (e.g., the midpoint) in the second symbol. This time difference can be directly represented in time (e.g., 1 second) or indirectly represented in quantified form (e.g., the length of two time-domain symbols). For example, see [link to previous section]. Figure 2 The interval between time domain symbol 1 and time domain symbol 2 can be 4 time domain symbol lengths, the interval between time domain symbol 2 and time domain symbol 3 can be 10 time domain symbol lengths, the interval between time domain symbol 3 and time domain symbol 4 can be 4 time domain symbol lengths, the interval between time domain symbol 1 and time domain symbol 3 can be 14 time domain symbol lengths, the interval between time domain symbol 1 and time domain symbol 4 can be 18 time domain symbol lengths, the interval between time domain symbol 2 and time domain symbol 4 can be 14 time domain symbol lengths, and so on.

[0078] Channel parameters are parameters used to characterize the transmission characteristics of a target channel. They reflect the transmission quality, stability, and degree of influence from various non-ideal factors during the transmission of the target signal. For example, channel parameters may include Doppler parameters to characterize the strength of the Doppler effect in the target channel, and signal-to-noise ratio parameters to characterize the ratio of useful signal to noise in the target channel.

[0079] Based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel, the overall transmission scenario of the target channel can be comprehensively judged, and the specific situation of the target channel being affected by non-ideal factors such as Doppler effect and noise interference can be clarified. Then, combined with the symbol interval corresponding to the first time domain symbol set, the influence of different symbol intervals on the frequency offset estimation accuracy under the current channel scenario can be analyzed. Afterwards, according to the scenario adaptation principle, the corresponding weight coefficients can be assigned to the first time domain symbol set, providing a processing basis for the subsequent integration processing of multiple frequency offset estimates.

[0080] S302: Determine the first frequency offset value based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets.

[0081] Since the weight coefficients corresponding to each time-domain symbol set have been determined by adapting to the target channel scenario and its own symbol interval, their values ​​can reflect the reliability of the corresponding frequency offset estimate under the current channel conditions. That is, the larger the weight coefficients corresponding to the time-domain symbol set, the less the frequency offset estimate corresponding to that time-domain symbol set is affected by non-ideal factors such as the Doppler effect and noise, the more accurate the representation of the actual frequency offset, and the higher its influence should be in the final frequency offset integration; conversely, the smaller the weight coefficients corresponding to the time-domain symbol set, the greater the influence of non-ideal factors such as the Doppler effect and noise on the frequency offset estimate corresponding to that time-domain symbol set, the greater the error in the representation of the actual frequency offset, and the lower its proportion should be in the final frequency offset integration.

[0082] As can be seen, this embodiment of the present disclosure determines the weighting coefficients by combining the transmission characteristics of the target channel with the symbol intervals of each time-domain symbol set, thereby adapting the weight allocation to the channel scenario and symbol intervals. This allows frequency offset estimates with varying reliability under different channel conditions to obtain differentiated weights. Then, a weighted integration method is used to determine the first frequency offset value, which not only fully highlights the reference value of the high-reliability frequency offset estimate but also reasonably suppresses the error interference of the low-reliability estimate, effectively avoiding the limitations of simple averaging and other integration methods. This process of first adapting the weights and then weighted integration can reduce the impact of non-ideal factors such as the Doppler effect and noise on the final frequency offset result, making the first frequency offset value closer to the actual frequency offset, improving the accuracy of the frequency offset estimate, and thus improving the accuracy of subsequent frequency adjustments to the terminal equipment.

[0083] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the channel parameters include Doppler parameters; the determination of the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set includes: when the Doppler parameters corresponding to the target channel are less than or equal to the lower Doppler limit, determining the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and a first mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship includes that the larger the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0084] The Doppler parameter is used to characterize the strength of the Doppler effect in the target channel. The smaller the value of the Doppler parameter, the less the target channel is affected by the Doppler effect interference, and the better the time-domain phase continuity of the target signal transmitted in the target channel.

[0085] When the Doppler parameter of the target channel is less than or equal to the lower Doppler limit, it can be determined that the target channel is in a low Doppler scenario. The overall time-domain characteristics of the target channel are stable, and the phase continuity of the target signal during transmission in the target channel is fully guaranteed. The error source of the frequency offset estimate is likely mainly concentrated in noise interference during signal transmission, rather than phase abrupt changes caused by the Doppler effect. The symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set can be directly related to the cumulative effect of frequency offset on the signal phase. That is, the larger the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the time span between the two time-domain symbols included in the first time-domain symbol set, and the more sufficient the phase change caused by the frequency offset. This sufficient phase change can effectively resist the influence of noise interference, making the frequency offset estimate derived based on the symbol interval less affected by noise interference and more accurate in representing the actual frequency offset of the target signal.

[0086] A mapping relationship between symbol intervals and weighting coefficients can be pre-set when the Doppler parameter of the target channel is less than or equal to the lower Doppler limit (this can also be referred to as the first mapping relationship in this embodiment, which includes the following: the larger the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weighting coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set). Thus, when it is determined that the Doppler parameter of the target channel is less than or equal to the lower Doppler limit, the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set can be obtained, thereby determining the weighting coefficient that has a mapping relationship with that symbol interval, and identifying that weighting coefficient as the weighting coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0087] The weighting coefficients adapted to low Doppler scenarios are determined in a way that precisely matches the channel characteristics where noise is the main source of error in frequency offset estimation under low Doppler scenarios. Through the first mapping relationship, the high-reliability frequency offset estimation corresponding to the large symbol interval receives a higher weighting. This ensures a deep fit between the weighting allocation and the advantages of the channel scenario and symbol interval, and provides a reliable basis for the weighted integration of multiple subsequent frequency offset estimations. It can improve the accuracy of the first frequency offset value, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent frequency adjustments to terminal equipment.

[0088] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the channel parameters include Doppler parameters and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameters. The determination of the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set includes: when the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler range, and the SNR parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the SNR range, determining the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and a second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes that the smaller the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0089] The description of the Doppler parameters can be found in the foregoing embodiments and will not be repeated here. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameter characterizes the ratio of useful signal to noise in the target channel. A higher SNR value indicates that the strength of the useful signal in the target channel is much higher than the noise strength, the noise interferes less with the signal phase and amplitude, and the signal transmission purity is higher.

[0090] When the Doppler parameter of the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler range, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameter is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the SNR, it can be determined that the target channel is in a combined high Doppler and high SNR scenario. The core non-ideal factor of the target channel is the severe Doppler effect, which can easily cause discontinuous abrupt changes in the time-domain phase of the target signal. The high SNR characteristic makes the impact of noise interference on frequency offset estimation negligible. Therefore, the main source of error in the frequency offset estimation is the phase discontinuity caused by the Doppler effect, rather than noise interference. The symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set is directly related to the degree of influence of the Doppler effect on phase continuity. The smaller the symbol interval, the smaller the time span between two time-domain symbols, the stronger the time-domain correlation, and the weaker the impact of abrupt changes in the signal phase caused by the Doppler effect. The frequency offset estimation derived based on this symbol interval can more accurately capture the actual frequency offset and has higher reliability.

[0091] A mapping relationship between symbol intervals and weighting coefficients can be pre-set when the Doppler parameter of the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler range and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameter is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the SNR. (In this embodiment, this can also be referred to as a second mapping relationship, which includes the following: the smaller the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weighting coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.) Thus, when it is determined that the Doppler parameter of the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler range and the SNR parameter is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the SNR, the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set can be obtained, thereby determining the weighting coefficient that has a mapping relationship with that symbol interval, and setting that weighting coefficient as the weighting coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0092] This method of determining weighting coefficients, adapted to complex scenarios with high Doppler and high signal-to-noise ratio, precisely matches the channel characteristics where phase discontinuity caused by the Doppler effect is the main source of error. Through the second mapping relationship, the high-reliability frequency offset estimate corresponding to the small symbol interval receives a higher weighting. This achieves deep adaptation of weighting allocation to the channel scenario and symbol interval, and provides a reliable basis for the weighted integration of multiple subsequent frequency offset estimates. It can effectively reduce the interference of the Doppler effect on the final frequency offset result, making the first frequency offset value closer to the actual frequency offset of the target signal, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent frequency adjustment of terminal equipment.

[0093] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the channel parameters include Doppler parameters and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameters. The above-mentioned determination of the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set includes: when the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler range, and the SNR parameter corresponding to the target channel is less than or equal to the lower limit of the SNR range, the Doppler effect and SNR in the target channel can be simulated and evaluated to determine the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the evaluation results.

[0094] The descriptions of the Doppler parameters and signal-to-noise ratio parameters can be found in the descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0095] When the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler range, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameter corresponding to the target channel is less than or equal to the lower limit of the SNR range, it can be determined that the target channel is in a high Doppler, low SNR coincidence scenario. The core non-ideal factors of the target channel are the severe Doppler effect and the low SNR. High Doppler leads to abrupt changes in the time-domain phase of the target signal and poor continuity, while low SNR makes noise interference on the signal phase and amplitude significant. These two non-ideal factors are superimposed. Therefore, based on the actual transmission characteristics of the target channel, the intensity of the Doppler effect (matching real-time Doppler parameters) and the low SNR environment (matching real-time SNR parameters) under this combined scenario can be quasi-reproduced, and the entire frequency offset estimation process can be simulated for different symbol intervals. By statistically analyzing the error amplitude and stability of the frequency offset estimation values ​​under different symbol intervals, the differences in estimation performance under dual interference can be clarified.

[0096] Based on simulation evaluation results, a larger weight coefficient is assigned to the time-domain symbol set corresponding to the symbol interval with smaller estimation error and higher stability, while a smaller weight coefficient is assigned to the time-domain symbol set corresponding to the symbol interval with poor performance. This weight determination method based on simulation evaluation accurately matches the dual interference characteristics of high Doppler and low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios, avoids the limitations of fixed mapping relationships in complex scenarios, and makes the weight allocation conform to the actual channel transmission law. This not only ensures the rationality of the weight allocation, but also provides a reliable basis for the weighted integration of subsequent frequency offset estimates, making the first frequency offset value closer to the actual frequency offset of the target signal, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent frequency adjustment of terminal equipment.

[0097] In some embodiments of this disclosure, determining the first frequency offset value based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets includes: obtaining a weighted frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; obtaining a second frequency offset value based on the weighted frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets; and determining the first frequency offset value based on the at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value.

[0098] The weighted frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set can be the product of the weight coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set. A weighted summation can be performed on the frequency offset estimates corresponding to each time-domain symbol set to obtain the second frequency offset value. The sum of the weight coefficients corresponding to each time-domain symbol set is 1, ensuring that the weighted summation result is always within a reasonable numerical range and can truly reflect the comprehensive representation effect of multiple frequency offset estimates.

[0099] After obtaining the second frequency offset value, it can be optimized by combining at least two frequency offset estimates to determine the first frequency offset value. The second frequency offset value has already achieved differentiated integration of the various frequency offset estimates through weighting coefficients. Since the frequency offset estimates include direct representation information of the actual frequency offset from each time-domain symbol set, further optimization of the second frequency offset value based on these estimates can fully utilize the advantages of multi-source references, compensate for minor deviations that may exist in single weighted integration, and thus obtain a more accurate first frequency offset value. This makes the first frequency offset value closer to the actual frequency offset of the target signal, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent frequency adjustments to the terminal equipment.

[0100] In some embodiments of this disclosure, determining the first frequency offset value based on at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value includes: determining a confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on at least two frequency offset estimates; and determining the first frequency offset value based on the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value and the second frequency offset value.

[0101] The confidence coefficient characterizes the reliability of the second frequency offset value, and its value ranges from 0 to 1. A higher confidence coefficient indicates a higher level of reliability for the second frequency offset value, and that the second frequency offset value is closer to the actual frequency offset of the target signal. Conversely, a lower confidence coefficient indicates a lower level of reliability for the second frequency offset value, and that the deviation between the second frequency offset value and the actual frequency offset may be greater, requiring subsequent adjustments to mitigate its impact.

[0102] After determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset, the confidence coefficient can be used as a reliability weight for the second frequency offset to adjust the second frequency offset and determine the first frequency offset. For example, the product of the second frequency offset and the confidence coefficient can be used to determine the first frequency offset.

[0103] By adjusting the second frequency offset value using the confidence coefficient to determine the first frequency offset value, the reliability verification and optimization of the weighted integration result are accurately achieved. This approach fully preserves the scenario adaptability advantage of the second frequency offset value under high confidence, allowing the integration result that closely matches the actual frequency offset to play its full role. Furthermore, when the reliability of the second frequency offset value is insufficient, the weight weakening effectively avoids the expansion of deviation and reduces estimation errors caused by non-ideal factors and phase discontinuities, further improving the accuracy and stability of frequency offset estimation, thereby enhancing the accuracy of subsequent frequency adjustments to terminal devices.

[0104] In some embodiments of this disclosure, determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on at least two frequency offset estimates includes: obtaining at least one set of frequency offset estimates based on at least two frequency offset estimates; each set of frequency offset estimates includes two frequency offset estimates; performing a difference operation on the two frequency offset estimates included in the target frequency offset estimate set to obtain the difference corresponding to the target frequency offset estimate set; and determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the difference corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

[0105] The frequency offset estimate set is formed by combining all frequency offset estimates in pairs without repetition, with each set containing only two frequency offset estimates. For example, if there are three frequency offset estimates, three frequency offset estimate sets can be formed; if there are four frequency offset estimates, six frequency offset estimate sets can be formed.

[0106] The target frequency offset estimate set can be any one of the frequency offset estimate sets from all the combinations mentioned above. When performing subtraction on two frequency offset estimates included in the target frequency offset estimate set, the absolute difference can be calculated. That is, the absolute value of the difference between the two frequency offset estimates is taken. This avoids negative values ​​due to the order of the two frequency offset estimates, ensuring that the difference only reflects the degree of dispersion of the two estimates, rather than the direction of dispersion. The unit of this absolute difference is consistent with the frequency offset estimate, which can intuitively quantify the deviation between the two frequency offset estimates.

[0107] After obtaining the differences corresponding to all frequency offset estimates, the confidence coefficient can be determined by analyzing the distribution characteristics of these differences. If all differences are within a small range, it indicates strong consistency among the frequency offset estimates and a uniform degree of interference from non-ideal factors, suggesting high reliability of the second frequency offset value integration, and thus a high confidence coefficient close to 1 can be assigned. Conversely, if some differences are too large, or there are anomalous differences significantly exceeding the reasonable range, it indicates significant dispersion among the frequency offset estimates, potentially indicating phase discontinuities, local interference, or other issues, thus reducing the confidence of the second frequency offset value, and thus a lower confidence coefficient can be assigned.

[0108] This method of determining the confidence coefficient by combining pairs of values ​​and calculating the differences, comprehensively captures the discrepancies between all frequency offset estimates, avoiding the bias caused by single-dimensional evaluation. It ensures both the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the consistency assessment of the frequency offset estimates, and by quantifying the differences, it makes the determination of the confidence coefficient more objective, rather than subjective. The resulting confidence coefficient accurately reflects the actual reliability of the second frequency offset value, providing reliable support for the subsequent optimization of the first frequency offset value, making the first frequency offset value closer to the actual frequency offset of the target signal, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent frequency adjustments to the terminal equipment.

[0109] In some embodiments of this disclosure, determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the differences corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates includes: determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the maximum value of the differences among the differences corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

[0110] The maximum difference refers to the largest absolute difference among all the obtained absolute differences after performing pairwise subtraction (taking the absolute difference) on all frequency offset estimates. This maximum difference is a key indicator for measuring the consistency of all frequency offset estimates and can intuitively reflect the most extreme dispersion between any two frequency offset estimates.

[0111] Even if the differences between most frequency offset estimates are small, as long as there is a set of frequency offset estimates that have a significantly larger difference due to factors such as phase discontinuity, channel anomalies, or sudden interference, the maximum difference will be highlighted simultaneously. This avoids the averaging process from masking key anomalies and ensures that the judgment on the consistency of frequency offset estimates does not overlook core risk points.

[0112] This method of determining the confidence coefficient based on the maximum difference value precisely matches the characteristics of abnormal scenarios such as phase discontinuity, channel anomalies, and sudden interference in wireless communication. Compared with statistical indicators such as average difference and standard deviation, which are prone to masking extreme discrete situations, the maximum difference value can directly lock in the most critical consistency risk points, avoiding the distortion of the confidence judgment of the second frequency offset value due to the failure to identify local anomalies.

[0113] In some embodiments of this disclosure, determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the maximum difference among the differences corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates includes: determining a target difference interval in at least one difference interval based on the maximum difference; the interval ranges of different difference intervals in the at least one difference interval do not overlap; the target difference interval is the difference interval where the maximum difference is located; determining the confidence coefficient corresponding to the target difference interval as the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value; the smaller the boundary value of the target difference interval, the larger the confidence coefficient.

[0114] At least one difference interval may include all numerical ranges that are independent and non-overlapping, pre-divided based on the frequency offset estimation accuracy requirements of wireless communication systems (such as 5G NR), demodulation performance tolerance, and actual scenario test data, to ensure that any maximum difference value uniquely corresponds to a difference interval. The boundary value of the difference interval refers to the upper or lower limit of the difference interval.

[0115] Each difference interval corresponds to a confidence coefficient. Furthermore, the smaller the boundary value of the difference interval, the larger the confidence coefficient. For example, in the case of THd1 < THd2 < THd3, the confidence coefficient for the difference interval [0, THd1) can be 1.0, the confidence coefficient for the difference interval [THd1, THd2) can be 0.8, the confidence coefficient for the difference interval [THd2, THd3) is 0.6, and the confidence coefficient for the difference interval [THd3, +∞) is 0.4, etc.

[0116] This method, which matches confidence coefficients based on preset difference intervals, transforms the quantitative characteristics of the maximum difference value into an intuitive and actionable confidence judgment standard, avoiding subjective coefficient assignment bias. It adapts to the characteristics of complex wireless communication scenarios through scientifically divided difference intervals and ensures the consistency and accuracy of confidence coefficient determination through clear correspondences, making the reliability assessment of the second frequency offset value more standardized and repeatable.

[0117] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to specific scenarios.

[0118] The transmitting device can send a target signal to the terminal device. Upon receiving the target signal, the terminal device can determine at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal.

[0119] Furthermore, the terminal device can assemble the time-domain symbols occupied by the target signal into at least two time-domain symbol sets, each of which includes two time-domain symbols.

[0120] The terminal device can also determine the weight coefficients corresponding to each time-domain symbol set based on the target channel used to receive the target signal and the symbol interval of each time-domain symbol set, and can determine the confidence coefficients based on the above at least two frequency offset estimates.

[0121] Then, the terminal device can calculate the first frequency offset value based on the following algorithm: ; ; Where foCorrect represents the first frequency offset value, and foComb represents the second frequency offset value. denoted as confidence coefficient, N represents the number of frequency offset estimates, w[n] represents the weight corresponding to the nth time-domain symbol set, and foDis[n] represents the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the nth time-domain symbol set.

[0122] After determining the first frequency offset value, the terminal device can adjust its own signal receiving frequency according to the first frequency offset value to reduce the deviation from the signal transmission frequency of the transmitting device, thereby improving its own demodulation accuracy.

[0123] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the communication device 400 may include: The first determining module 401 is used to determine at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal in response to the terminal device receiving the target signal; The second determining module 402 is used to determine a first frequency offset value based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and at least two frequency offset estimates; the target channel is a channel used to receive the target signal; The adjustment module 403 is used to adjust the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device according to the first frequency offset value.

[0124] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the target signal occupies at least three time-domain symbols; the first determining module 401 is specifically used to: determine at least two time-domain symbol sets based on at least three time-domain symbols; each time-domain symbol set includes two time-domain symbols; determine the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the time-domain parameters corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; the first time-domain symbol set is any one of the at least two time-domain symbol sets; the at least two frequency offset estimates include the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0125] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second determining module 402 is specifically used to: determine the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; the symbol interval is the interval between two time-domain symbols in the first time-domain symbol set; and determine the first frequency offset value based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets.

[0126] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the channel parameters include Doppler parameters; the second determining module 402 is specifically used to: when the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is less than or equal to the lower limit of the Doppler, determine the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set according to the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the first mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship includes that the larger the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0127] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the channel parameters include Doppler parameters and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameters; the second determining module 402 is specifically used to: when the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler value, and the SNR parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the SNR value, determine the weighting coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set according to the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes that the smaller the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weighting coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

[0128] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second determining module 402 is specifically used to: obtain a weighted frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the weight coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; obtain a second frequency offset value based on the weighted frequency offset estimates corresponding to at least two time-domain symbol sets; and determine a first frequency offset value based on the at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value.

[0129] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second determining module 402 is specifically used to: determine a confidence coefficient for a second frequency offset value based on at least two frequency offset estimates; and determine a first frequency offset value based on the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value and the second frequency offset value.

[0130] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second determining module 402 is specifically used to: obtain at least one set of frequency offset estimates based on at least two frequency offset estimates; each set of frequency offset estimates includes two frequency offset estimates; perform a difference operation on the two frequency offset estimates included in the target frequency offset estimate set to obtain the difference corresponding to the target frequency offset estimate set; and determine the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the difference corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

[0131] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second determining module 402 is specifically used to: determine the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the maximum value of the difference among the differences corresponding to at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

[0132] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second determining module 402 is specifically used to: determine a target difference interval in at least one difference interval based on the maximum difference value; the interval ranges of different difference intervals in the at least one difference interval do not overlap; the target difference interval is the difference interval where the maximum difference value is located; determine the confidence coefficient corresponding to the target difference interval as the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value; the smaller the boundary value of the target difference interval, the larger the confidence coefficient.

[0133] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0134] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating a communication device 500 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, device 500 may be a mobile phone, computer, digital broadcasting terminal, messaging device, game console, tablet device, medical device, fitness equipment, personal digital assistant, etc.

[0135] Reference Figure 5 The device 500 may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 502, a memory 504, a power component 506, a multimedia component 508, an audio component 510, an input / output (I / O) interface 512, a sensor component 514, and a communication component 516.

[0136] Processing component 502 typically controls the overall operation of device 500, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communication, camera operation, and recording. Processing component 502 may include one or more processors 520 to execute instructions to complete all or part of the steps of the methods described above. Furthermore, processing component 502 may include one or more modules to facilitate interaction between processing component 502 and other components. For example, processing component 502 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 508 and processing component 502.

[0137] Memory 504 is configured to store various types of data to support the operation of device 500. Examples of such data include instructions for any application or method operating on device 500, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, etc. Memory 504 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0138] The power supply component 506 provides power to the various components of the device 500. The power supply component 506 may include a power management system, one or more power sources, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to the device 500.

[0139] Multimedia component 508 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the device 500 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touchscreen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensors may sense not only the boundaries of the touch or swipe action but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe operation. In some embodiments, multimedia component 508 includes a front-facing camera and / or a rear-facing camera. When the device 500 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front-facing camera and / or the rear-facing camera may receive external multimedia data. Each front-facing camera and rear-facing camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.

[0140] Audio component 510 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, audio component 510 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when device 500 is in an operating mode, such as call mode, recording mode, and voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 504 or transmitted via communication component 516. In some embodiments, audio component 510 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0141] I / O interface 512 provides an interface between processing component 502 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, home buttons, volume buttons, power buttons, and lock buttons.

[0142] Sensor assembly 514 includes one or more sensors for providing status assessments of various aspects of device 500. For example, sensor assembly 514 may detect the on / off state of device 500, the relative positioning of components such as the display and keypad of device 500, changes in the position of device 500 or a component of device 500, the presence or absence of user contact with device 500, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of device 500, and temperature changes of device 500. Sensor assembly 514 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. Sensor assembly 514 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, sensor assembly 514 may also include an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0143] Communication component 516 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between device 500 and other devices. Device 500 can access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as WiFi, 3G, 4G, 5G, other communication standards, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments of this disclosure, communication component 516 receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In some embodiments of this disclosure, communication component 516 further includes a near-field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

[0144] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the apparatus 500 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the methods described above.

[0145] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 504 including instructions, which can be executed by a processor 520 of device 500 to complete the aforementioned communication method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device, etc.

[0146] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described communication method.

[0147] Some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a chip system, such as Figure 6 As shown, the chip system includes at least one processor 601 and at least one interface circuit 602. The processor 601 and the interface circuit 602 are interconnected via lines. For example, the interface circuit 602 can be used to receive signals from other devices (e.g., the memory of an electronic device). As another example, the interface circuit 602 can be used to send signals to other devices (e.g., the processor 601). Exemplarily, the interface circuit 602 can read instructions stored in memory and send those instructions to the processor 601. When the instructions are executed by the processor 601, the communication device can perform the steps in the above embodiments. Of course, the chip system may also include other discrete components, and some embodiments of this disclosure do not specifically limit this.

[0148] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the interface circuit 602 can acquire data, program instructions, and / or information from the internal storage area of ​​the chip system; it can also acquire data, program instructions, and / or information from outside the chip system.

[0149] Optionally, the chip system may also include memory for storing necessary computer programs and data.

[0150] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps listed in the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. Whether such functionality is implemented through hardware or software depends on the specific application and the overall system design requirements. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality using various methods for each specific application.

[0151] It should be understood that, unless otherwise specifically indicated, features of various embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be combined with each other. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the relevant listed items and any combination of any two or more; similarly, “at least one of…” includes any one of the relevant listed items and any combination of any two or more.

[0152] It should be understood that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "joining," "attaching," "installing," "connecting," "linking," "fixing," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms herein based on the specific circumstances.

[0153] Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe various components, parts, regions, layers, or sections, these components, parts, regions, layers, or sections are not limited to these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, part, region, layer, or section from another. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first component, part, region, layer, or section mentioned in the examples may also be referred to as the second component, part, region, layer, or section. Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description herein, “a plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0154] Furthermore, the term “exemplary” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as advantageous compared to other aspects or designs. Rather, the use of the term “exemplary” is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. As used herein, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or.” That is, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context, “X applies A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive arrangements. That is, “X applies A or B” satisfies any of the foregoing instances if X applies A; X applies B; or both X applies A and B. Additionally, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context to refer to the singular form, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are generally understood to mean “one or more.”

[0155] Similarly, although this disclosure has been shown and described with respect to one or more implementations, equivalent variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding this specification and the accompanying drawings. This disclosure includes all such modifications and variations and is limited only by the scope of the claims. In particular, with respect to the various functions performed by the components described above (e.g., elements, resources, etc.), unless otherwise indicated, the terminology used to describe such components is intended to correspond to any component (functionally equivalent) that performs the specific function of the described component, even if structurally not equivalent to the disclosed structure. Furthermore, although specific features of this disclosure may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such features may be combined with one or more other features of other implementations, as may be desired and advantageous to any given or particular application. Moreover, with regard to the terms “comprising,” “owning,” “having,” “having,” or variations thereof as used in the detailed description or claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “including.”

[0156] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0157] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: In response to the terminal device receiving the target signal, at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal are determined; A first frequency offset value is determined based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the at least two frequency offset estimates; the target channel is a channel used to receive the target signal. The signal receiving frequency of the terminal device is adjusted according to the first frequency offset value.

2. The communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target signal occupies at least three time-domain symbols; determining at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal includes: Based on the at least three time-domain symbols, at least two time-domain symbol sets are determined; each time-domain symbol set includes two time-domain symbols. Determine the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; the first time-domain symbol set is any one of the at least two time-domain symbol sets; the at least two frequency offset estimates include the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

3. The communication method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the first frequency offset value based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the at least two frequency offset estimates includes: The weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set are determined based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; the symbol interval is the interval between two time-domain symbols in the first time-domain symbol set. The first frequency offset value is determined based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to the at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to the at least two time-domain symbol sets.

4. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The channel parameters include Doppler parameters; determining the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set includes: When the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is less than or equal to the lower Doppler limit, the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set is determined according to the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the first mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship includes that the larger the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

5. The communication method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The channel parameters include Doppler parameters and signal-to-noise ratio parameters; determining the weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set includes: When the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler value, and the signal-to-noise ratio parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the signal-to-noise ratio value, the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set is determined according to the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes that the smaller the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

6. The communication method according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, Determining the first frequency offset value based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to the at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to the at least two time-domain symbol sets includes: Based on the weight coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the weighted frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set is obtained; The second frequency offset value is obtained based on the weighted frequency offset estimates corresponding to the at least two time-domain symbol sets; The first frequency offset value is determined based on the at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value.

7. The communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the first frequency offset value based on the at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value includes: Based on the at least two frequency offset estimates, determine the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value; The first frequency offset value is determined based on the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value and the second frequency offset value.

8. The communication method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the at least two frequency offset estimates includes: Based on the at least two frequency offset estimates, at least one set of frequency offset estimates is obtained; each set of frequency offset estimates includes two frequency offset estimates. Perform a difference operation on two frequency offset estimates included in the target frequency offset estimate set to obtain the difference value corresponding to the target frequency offset estimate set; Based on the difference corresponding to the at least one set of frequency offset estimates, a confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value is determined.

9. The communication method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the difference corresponding to the at least one set of frequency offset estimates includes: The confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value is determined based on the maximum value of the difference among the differences corresponding to the at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

10. The communication method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of determining the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value based on the maximum difference among the differences corresponding to the at least one set of frequency offset estimates includes: Based on the maximum difference, a target difference interval is determined in at least one difference interval; the interval ranges of different difference intervals in the at least one difference interval do not overlap; the target difference interval is the difference interval in which the maximum difference is located; The confidence coefficient corresponding to the target difference interval is determined as the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value; the smaller the boundary value of the target difference interval, the larger the confidence coefficient.

11. A communication device, characterized in that, include: The first determining module is configured to determine at least two frequency offset estimates for the target signal in response to the terminal device receiving the target signal; The second determining module is used to determine the first frequency offset value based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the at least two frequency offset estimates; The target channel is a channel used to receive the target signal; The adjustment module is used to adjust the signal receiving frequency of the terminal device according to the first frequency offset value.

12. The communication device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The target signal occupies at least three time-domain symbols; the first determining module is specifically used for: Based on the at least three time-domain symbols, at least two time-domain symbol sets are determined; each time-domain symbol set includes two time-domain symbols. Determine the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; The first time-domain symbol set is any one of the at least two time-domain symbol sets; the at least two frequency offset estimates include the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

13. The communication device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The second determining module is specifically used for: The weighting coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set are determined based on the channel parameters corresponding to the target channel and the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set; the symbol interval is the interval between two time-domain symbols in the first time-domain symbol set. The first frequency offset value is determined based on the weighting coefficients corresponding to the at least two time-domain symbol sets and the frequency offset estimates corresponding to the at least two time-domain symbol sets.

14. The communication device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The channel parameters include Doppler parameters; the second determining module is specifically used for: When the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is less than or equal to the lower Doppler limit, the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set is determined according to the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the first mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship includes that the larger the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

15. The communication device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The channel parameters include Doppler parameters and signal-to-noise ratio parameters; the second determining module is specifically used for: When the Doppler parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the Doppler value, and the signal-to-noise ratio parameter corresponding to the target channel is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the signal-to-noise ratio value, the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set is determined according to the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes that the smaller the symbol interval corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the larger the weight coefficient corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set.

16. The communication device according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that, The second determining module is specifically used for: Based on the weight coefficients corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set and the frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set, the weighted frequency offset estimate corresponding to the first time-domain symbol set is obtained; The second frequency offset value is obtained based on the weighted frequency offset estimates corresponding to the at least two time-domain symbol sets; The first frequency offset value is determined based on the at least two frequency offset estimates and the second frequency offset value.

17. The communication device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The second determining module is specifically used for: Based on the at least two frequency offset estimates, determine the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value; The first frequency offset value is determined based on the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value and the second frequency offset value.

18. The communication device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The second determining module is specifically used for: Based on the at least two frequency offset estimates, at least one set of frequency offset estimates is obtained; each set of frequency offset estimates includes two frequency offset estimates. Perform a difference operation on two frequency offset estimates included in the target frequency offset estimate set to obtain the difference value corresponding to the target frequency offset estimate set; Based on the difference corresponding to the at least one set of frequency offset estimates, a confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value is determined.

19. The communication device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The second determining module is specifically used for: The confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value is determined based on the maximum value of the difference among the differences corresponding to the at least one set of frequency offset estimates.

20. The communication device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The second determining module is specifically used for: Based on the maximum difference, a target difference interval is determined in at least one difference interval; the interval ranges of different difference intervals in the at least one difference interval do not overlap; the target difference interval is the difference interval in which the maximum difference is located; The confidence coefficient corresponding to the target difference interval is determined as the confidence coefficient for the second frequency offset value; the smaller the boundary value of the target difference interval, the larger the confidence coefficient.

21. A communication device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the executable instructions to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1-10.

22. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor, the processor is able to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1-10.

23. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method according to any one of claims 1-10.

24. A chip system, characterized in that, The chip system includes a processing unit and an interface circuit. The processing unit obtains program instructions through the interface circuit, and the program instructions are executed by the processing unit. The processing unit is used to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 1-10.

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