Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a communication method and device, the method comprises the following steps: determining a first strategy based on a first time delay and first information, wherein the first time delay is a transmission time delay of first data from a core network device to an access network device, or the first time delay is a transmission time delay of the first data from a terminal device to the access network device, and the first strategy comprises one of the following: a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy or a discard strategy; processing the first data based on the first strategy. The application can guarantee the transmission time delay of data and improve user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of 5G communication systems, data transmission latency has been continuously reduced and transmission capacity has been increasing. 5G communication systems have gradually penetrated into some multimedia services with strong real-time requirements and large data capacity requirements, such as autonomous driving and connected vehicles (e.g., real-time perception services), video transmission, artificial intelligence (AI) agents (e.g., chatGPT), cloud gaming (CG), and extended reality (XR), among which XR includes virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR).

[0003] However, the aforementioned services have relatively strict end-to-end latency requirements. For example, the total end-to-end latency must not exceed a certain threshold. For instance, the transmission latency from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device needs to be controlled within 15 milliseconds (ms) to ensure a good user experience. To meet this latency requirement, for example, the latency from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the access network device can be set to 5ms, and the latency from the start of transmission from the access network device to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device can be set to 10ms. However, jitter may occur during the transmission of the data packet from the core network to the access network device, and from the access network device to the terminal device, resulting in jitter latency. This can cause the total end-to-end latency to exceed the threshold, thus affecting the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a communication method and apparatus that can ensure data transmission latency and improve user experience.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication method applicable to a first device, which may be an access network device, a component within the access network device (e.g., a processor, chip, circuit, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network device. The method includes: determining a first strategy based on a first delay and first information, wherein the first delay is the transmission delay of first data from a core network device to the access network device, or the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from a terminal device to the access network device, and the first strategy includes one of the following: a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy; and processing the first data based on the first strategy.

[0006] In the above method, by understanding the relationship between the first delay and the first information, the transmission strategy adopted for subsequent transmission of the first data can be determined. This strategy can be a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy, thus further facilitating the transmission of the first data. By processing the first data based on the first strategy, the transmission delay of the first data can be guaranteed, further improving the user experience. For example, the transmission delay from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device needs to be controlled within 15 milliseconds (ms) to ensure a good user experience. For instance, the core network packet delay budget (CN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the access network device, can be set to 5ms. The access network packet delay budget (AN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the start of data packet transmission from the access network device to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device, can be set to 10ms. In one possible implementation, since the first delay is greater than 5ms due to jitter during the transmission of the data packet from the core network to the access network device, an optimized transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data, ensuring that the transmission delay of the first data from the network device to the terminal device is less than 10ms, further meeting the delay requirements. In another possible implementation, since jitter during the transmission of data packets from the core network to the access network device causes an initial latency greater than 10ms, a drop-transmission strategy is adopted to discard the first data. In yet another possible implementation, since there is no jitter during the transmission of data packets from the core network to the access network device, the initial latency is less than 5ms, and a normal strategy is used to transmit the first data, further meeting the latency requirements. In summary, through the above methods, different strategies can be adopted to transmit the first data based on actual conditions, thereby specifically guaranteeing the transmission latency of the first data and improving the user experience. Furthermore, the above methods can optimize the entire network latency guarantee mechanism, thereby improving the service experience.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

[0008] In the above method, by including a first threshold and / or a second threshold in the first information, the transmission strategy adopted when transmitting the first data can be determined, that is, whether the first strategy is a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy, which is more conducive to the subsequent transmission of the first data. By including a first period and / or a second period in the first information, the first data can be processed based on the first period and / or the second period, thereby ensuring the transmission latency of the first data and further improving the user experience.

[0009] In another possible implementation, the optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; the normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; wherein the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is shorter than the second period.

[0010] In the above method, by defining the scheduling priority and forwarding cycle of the first data in the optimized transmission strategy, the transmission latency of the first data can be guaranteed even when the latency budget is insufficient, further improving the user experience. Similarly, by defining the scheduling priority and forwarding cycle of the first data in the normal transmission strategy, the transmission latency of the first data can be specifically guaranteed based on the actual situation, further improving the user experience.

[0011] In another possible implementation, processing the first data based on the first strategy includes one of the following: when the first delay is greater than or equal to the first threshold, transmitting the first data using the optimized transmission strategy; when the first delay is greater than or equal to the second threshold, discarding the first data using the discarding strategy; or when the first delay is less than the first threshold, transmitting the first data using the normal transmission strategy.

[0012] Optionally, when the optimized transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data, the transmission delay of the first data is less than that when the normal transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data.

[0013] In the above method, by determining the relationship between the first delay and the first threshold and / or the second threshold, different strategies are adopted to transmit the first data. This can ensure the transmission delay of the first data in a targeted manner based on the actual situation, thereby improving the user experience.

[0014] In another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving a first protocol data unit (PDU), the first PDU including the first data and a first timestamp; and determining the first delay based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU.

[0015] In the above method, the first delay can be determined in the above manner, which can reduce signaling overhead and has low implementation complexity.

[0016] In another possible implementation, the method further includes sending first configuration information, which is used to indicate the first timestamp.

[0017] In the above method, the first delay can be determined based on the first timestamp, and the implementation complexity is low.

[0018] In another possible implementation, a first instruction message is sent, which includes at least one of the following: the first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to be dropped to the number of packets included in the first data, the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the number of packets included in the first data.

[0019] In the above method, the first device or UPF entity statistically analyzes the implementation of the first strategy and sends the first instruction information, which helps the second device to optimize the first information based on the first instruction information, thereby further ensuring data transmission latency and improving user experience.

[0020] In another possible implementation, the method further includes: sending latency guarantee capability information, which includes at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency, the latency guarantee capability information being used to determine the first information.

[0021] In the above method, determining the first information through latency guarantee capability information is beneficial for subsequently determining the transmission strategy of the first data, thereby guaranteeing the transmission latency of the first data and improving the user experience.

[0022] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method that can be applied to a second device, which may be a core network device, a component of the core network device (e.g., a processor, chip, circuit, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the core network device. The method includes: determining first information; and sending the first information, wherein the first information is used to determine a first strategy, the first strategy is used to process first data, and the first strategy includes one of the following: a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy.

[0023] In the above method, by sending the first information, the first device can determine the transmission strategy to be used when transmitting the first data in the future, that is, whether the first strategy is a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy or a discard strategy, which is more conducive to the subsequent transmission of the first data. Based on the actual situation, the transmission delay of the first data can be guaranteed in a targeted manner, which can further improve the user experience.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

[0025] In the above method, by including a first threshold and / or a second threshold in the first information, the transmission strategy adopted when transmitting the first data can be determined, that is, whether the first strategy is a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy, which is more conducive to the subsequent transmission of the first data. By including a first period and / or a second period in the first information, the first data can be processed based on the first period and / or the second period, thereby ensuring the transmission latency of the first data and further improving the user experience.

[0026] In another possible implementation, the optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; the normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is shorter than the second period.

[0027] In the above method, by defining the scheduling priority and forwarding cycle of the first data in the optimized transmission strategy, the transmission latency of the first data can be guaranteed even when the latency budget is insufficient, further improving the user experience. Similarly, by defining the scheduling priority and forwarding cycle of the first data in the normal transmission strategy, the transmission latency of the first data can be specifically guaranteed based on the actual situation, further improving the user experience.

[0028] In another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving latency guarantee capability information, which includes at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency; determining the first threshold based on the third latency, and / or determining the second threshold based on the fourth latency.

[0029] In the above method, determining the first information through latency guarantee capability information is beneficial for subsequently determining the transmission strategy of the first data, thereby guaranteeing the transmission latency of the first data and improving the user experience.

[0030] In another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving first indication information, wherein the first indication information includes at least one of the following: the first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to be dropped to the number of packets included in the first data, the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the number of packets included in the first data; and optimizing the first information based on the first indication information.

[0031] In the above method, the first device or UPF entity statistically analyzes the implementation of the first strategy and sends the first instruction information, which helps the second device to optimize the first information based on the first instruction information, thereby further ensuring data transmission latency and improving user experience.

[0032] In another possible implementation, the method further includes: sending second configuration information, the second configuration information being used to indicate a first timestamp, the first timestamp being used to determine a first delay, the first delay being used to determine the first strategy, wherein the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device, or the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device.

[0033] In the above method, the first delay can be determined based on the first timestamp, and the implementation complexity is low.

[0034] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which can be a first device, an access network device, a component in the access network device (e.g., a processor, chip, circuit, or chip system), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the access network device.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include modules, units, or means that correspond one-to-one with the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the first aspect. These modules, units, or means may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The processing unit is configured to determine a first strategy based on a first delay and first information. The first delay is either the transmission delay of the first data from a core network device to an access network device or the transmission delay of the first data from a terminal device to an access network device. The first strategy includes one of the following: a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy. The processing unit is further configured to process the first data based on the first strategy.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

[0038] In another possible implementation, the optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; the normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; wherein the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is shorter than the second period.

[0039] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is configured to transmit the first data using the optimized transmission strategy when the first delay is greater than or equal to the first threshold; the processing unit is configured to discard the first data using the discarding strategy when the first delay is greater than or equal to the second threshold; or the processing unit is configured to transmit the first data using the normal transmission strategy when the first delay is less than the first threshold.

[0040] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive a first protocol data unit (PDU), the first PDU including the first data and a first timestamp; the processing unit is further configured to determine the first delay based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU.

[0041] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is also configured to send first configuration information, which is used to indicate the first timestamp.

[0042] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to send first indication information, the first indication information including at least one of the following: the first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to be dropped to the number of packets included in the first data, the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the number of packets included in the first data.

[0043] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to transmit latency guarantee capability information, which includes at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency, and the latency guarantee capability information is used to determine the first information.

[0044] For the technical effects of the third aspect or possible implementation, please refer to the introduction of the technical effects of the first aspect or corresponding implementation.

[0045] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which can be a first device, a core network device, a component in the core network device (e.g., a processor, chip, circuit, or chip system), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the core network device.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include modules, units, or means that correspond one-to-one with the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the second aspect. These modules, units, or means may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes: a processing unit and a transceiver unit, the processing unit being configured to determine first information; the transceiver unit being configured to transmit the first information, the first information being configured to determine a first strategy, the first strategy being configured to process first data, the first strategy including one of the following: a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

[0049] In another possible implementation, the optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; the normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is shorter than the second period.

[0050] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive latency guarantee capability information, which includes at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency; the processing unit is further configured to determine the first threshold based on the third latency and / or determine the second threshold based on the fourth latency.

[0051] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive first indication information, wherein the first indication information includes at least one of the following: the first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to be dropped to the number of packets included in the first data, the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the number of packets included in the first data; the processing unit is further configured to optimize the first information based on the first indication information.

[0052] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to send second configuration information, which indicates a first timestamp, which determines a first delay, which determines the first strategy, wherein the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device, or the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device.

[0053] For the technical effects of the fourth aspect or possible implementation, please refer to the introduction of the technical effects of the second aspect or corresponding implementation.

[0054] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device including at least one processor, which invokes a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to execute the method described in the first aspect or a possible implementation thereof.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the communication device also includes a memory and a communication interface. Optionally, the memory and processor are integrated together.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the communication device.

[0057] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device including at least one processor, which invokes a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to execute the method described in the second aspect or a possible implementation thereof.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the communication device also includes a memory and a communication interface. Optionally, the memory and processor are integrated together.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the communication device.

[0060] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip device including at least one processor, the at least one processor being configured to execute computer programs or instructions to implement any of the above aspects or possible implementations of any of the above aspects.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the input of the chip device corresponds to the receiving operation in any of the above-mentioned aspects or possible implementations, and the output of the chip device corresponds to the transmitting operation in any of the above-mentioned aspects or possible implementations.

[0062] Optionally, the processor is coupled to the memory via an interface.

[0063] Optionally, the chip device may also include a memory storing computer program instructions.

[0064] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a processor, implement the methods described above.

[0065] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product that includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a processor, implement the method described in any of the above aspects.

[0066] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication system comprising: the apparatus as described in the fifth aspect and the apparatus as described in the sixth aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of yet another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a protocol stack deployment provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an O-RAN or ORAN system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a latency guarantee method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figures 7-11 This is a schematic diagram of yet another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0076] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0077] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this application mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0078] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a and b and c. Where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0079] It is understood that in this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction, indirect instruction, explicit instruction, and implicit instruction. When describing a certain instruction information to indicate A, it can be understood that the instruction information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A.

[0080] In this application, the information indicated by the instruction information is called the information to be instructed. In specific implementations, there are many ways to instruct the information to be instructed, such as, but not limited to, directly instructing the information to be instructed, such as the information to be instructed itself or its index; indirectly instructing the information to be instructed by instructing other information, where there is a relationship between the other information and the information to be instructed; or instructing only a part of the information to be instructed, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. For example, the instruction of specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (e.g., protocol-defined) arrangement of various pieces of information, thereby reducing instruction overhead to some extent.

[0081] The information to be instructed can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information messages, and the sending period and / or timing of these sub-information messages can be the same or different. This application does not limit the specific sending method. The sending period and / or timing of these sub-information messages can be predefined, for example, according to a protocol, or configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device.

[0082] It is understood that "send" and "receive" in this application refer to the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which can include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission via the air interface from other units or modules. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which can include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY via the air interface from other units or modules. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface.

[0083] In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via buses, wiring, or interfaces.

[0084] It is understandable that information may undergo necessary processing, such as encoding and modulation, between the source and destination, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar statements in this application can be interpreted in a similar way and will not be elaborated further.

[0085] The communication method provided in this application can be applied to cellular communication systems related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 4th generation (4G) communication systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication systems, and also to 5th generation (5G) communication systems, such as 5G New Radio (NR) communication systems, or to various future communication systems and future communication networks. The method provided in this application can also be applied to Bluetooth systems, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) systems, LoRa systems, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems, communication systems supporting the integration of multiple wireless technologies, and device-to-device (D2D) systems. The method provided in this application can also be applied to satellite communication systems, wherein the satellite communication system can be integrated with the above-mentioned communication systems. The wireless communication systems involved in this application also include, but are not limited to: narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (EDGE), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) systems, code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2000) systems, or time division-synchronization code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, or may be communication systems that integrate two or more of the above systems.

[0086] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application, to Figure 1The application scenario used in this application is illustrated using the communication system architecture shown below. The communication system includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200. Optionally, the communication system also includes an Internet 300. RAN 100 includes at least one access network device, such as at least one RAN node (e.g., Figure 1 110a and 110b (collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (such as Figure 1 120a-120j, collectively referred to as 120, are included in the RAN. The RAN may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). Terminal device 120 is wirelessly connected to RAN node 110. RAN node 110 is wirelessly or wired connected to core network 200. Core network 200 includes at least one core network device. The core network device in core network 200 and RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and radio access network logical functions. RAN node 110 can be any type of RAN node described below, and terminal device 120 can be any type of terminal device described below. It is understood that... Figure 1 This application only illustrates one possible communication system architecture to which this embodiment can be applied. In other possible scenarios, the communication system architecture may also include other devices. It should be noted that the methods described in this application embodiment can be applied to... Figure 1 The communication system shown.

[0087] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication system includes a terminal device, a core network device, and an access network device, wherein the core network device includes an SMF entity, an AMF entity, and a UPF entity, and the access network device is a gNB.

[0088] Step 1: Demand Indication. The SMF entity determines demand indication information based on the latency requirements of the service. The SMF entity sends the demand indication information to the UPF entity, and also sends the demand indication information to the gNB through the AMF entity. After receiving the demand indication information, the gNB can send the demand indication information to the terminal device. The demand indication information can be first information, which may include: a first threshold (tuning threshold), a second threshold (maximum value), or a tuning target. Refer to the relevant descriptions in the following embodiments for details.

[0089] Step 2: Real-time monitoring. The terminal device, gNB, and UPF entity are monitored in real time, and clock synchronization has been completed among the terminal device, gNB, and UPF entity.

[0090] Real-time monitoring of the gNB and UPF entities, specifically the real-time monitoring process of downlink data transmission, is as follows: The SMF entity can send second configuration information to the UPF entity. This second configuration information indicates a first timestamp (N3 timestamp). Correspondingly, after receiving the second configuration information from the SMF entity, the UPF entity adds the first timestamp to the first PDU and then sends the first PDU (including first data and the first timestamp) to the gNB. The gNB receives the first PDU from the UPF entity, which includes first data and the first timestamp. The gNB determines a first delay based on the first timestamp and the time of the first PDU. The first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device. The gNB can then monitor the relationship between the first delay and the first threshold (optimization threshold) and / or the second threshold (maximum value) included in the demand indication information in real time. Refer to the relevant descriptions in the embodiments below for details. The real-time monitoring process for the UE and UPF can be found in the gNB real-time monitoring documentation, and will not be elaborated here.

[0091] Real-time monitoring of the gNB and terminal devices, specifically the real-time monitoring process of uplink data transmission, is as follows: The gNB can send first configuration information to the terminal device. Correspondingly, after receiving the first configuration information from the gNB, the terminal device adds a first timestamp (air interface timestamp) to the first PDU, and then sends the first PDU (including first data and the first timestamp) to the gNB. The gNB receives the first PDU from the terminal device, which includes first data and the first timestamp. The first latency is the transmission latency of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device. The gNB can then monitor the relationship between the first latency and the first threshold (optimization threshold) and / or the second threshold (maximum value) included in the demand indication information in real time. Refer to the relevant descriptions in the following embodiments for details. The real-time monitoring process for the UE and UPF can be found in the gNB real-time monitoring documentation, and will not be elaborated here.

[0092] Step 3: Report monitoring results. Optionally, the monitoring results may include at least one of the following: whether the optimization target has been met, and whether the first latency has exceeded the second threshold (maximum value). The terminal device, gNB, and UPF entity can send the monitoring results obtained from real-time monitoring to the SMF entity. The SMF entity can analyze the reported monitoring results, for example, if the optimization target has not been met, the optimization target can be lowered.

[0093] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of another communication method provided in this application embodiment. Step 1: Demand Indication. The SMF entity sends demand indication information to the terminal device, gNB, and UPF entity. This demand indication information can be first information, specifically including a first threshold (tuning threshold), a second threshold (maximum value), or a tuning target. See the relevant description in the following embodiments for details. Step 2: Real-time Monitoring. The terminal device, gNB, and UPF entity perform real-time monitoring. Taking the UPF entity's real-time monitoring as an example: The UPF real-time monitoring determines which range the latency belongs to and performs the corresponding operation. For example, it first determines whether the latency is greater than the first threshold (tuning threshold). If the latency is not greater than the first threshold (tuning threshold), the first data is transmitted using the normal transmission strategy. If the latency is greater than the first threshold (tuning threshold), it determines whether the latency is less than the second threshold (maximum value). If the latency is less than the second threshold (maximum value), the first data is transmitted using the tuning transmission strategy. If the latency is not less than the second threshold (maximum value), the data is discarded. The process of real-time monitoring by the gNB and UE can refer to the process of real-time monitoring by the SMF entity. See the relevant descriptions in the following embodiments for details. Step 3: The terminal device, gNB, and UPF entity can send the monitoring results to the SMF entity. Optionally, the monitoring results may include at least one of the following: whether the tuning target has been met, and whether the latency exceeds the second threshold (maximum value). The SMF entity can analyze the reported monitoring results, for example, if the tuning target has not been met, the tuning target can be lowered.

[0094] (1) Terminal equipment 120, also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc., is a device that provides voice or data connectivity to a user. Specifically, it includes devices that provide voice connectivity to a user, devices that provide data connectivity to a user, or devices that provide both voice and data connectivity to a user. For example, it may include a handheld device with wireless connectivity or a processing device connected to a wireless modem. The terminal equipment can communicate with the core network via a radio access network (RAN), exchange voice or data with the RAN, or interact with the RAN for both voice and data. Currently, terminal devices can include: mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices (such as smartwatches, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc.), in-vehicle equipment (such as cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed trains, etc.), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, smart home devices (such as refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), intelligent robots, robotic arms, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in autonomous driving, wireless terminals in driverless vehicles, wireless terminals in telemedicine, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in smart offices, wireless terminals in smart wearables, wireless terminals in intelligent transportation, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, or wireless terminals in smart homes, and flying equipment (such as intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, helicopters, airplanes), etc. Terminal devices can also be other devices with terminal functions; for example, a terminal device can also be a device that performs terminal functions in D2D communication.Terminal devices can also include vehicle-to-everything (V2X) terminal devices, machine-to-machine / machine-type communications (M2M / MTC) terminal devices, Internet of Things (IoT) terminal devices, light UEs, reduced capability UEs (REDCAPUEs), subscriber units, subscriber stations, mobile stations, remote stations, access points (APs), remote terminals, access terminals, user terminals, user agents, or user devices, and drone equipment. For example, they can include mobile phones (or "cellular" phones), computers with mobile terminal devices, portable, pocket-sized, handheld, and computer-embedded mobile devices. Examples include personal communication service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). It also includes limited devices, such as devices with low power consumption, limited storage capacity, or limited computing power. Examples include information sensing devices such as barcode scanners, radio frequency identification (RFID), sensors, global positioning systems (GPS), and laser scanners. The embodiments of this application do not limit the device form of the terminal device. In this application, terminal devices with wireless transceiver capabilities and chips that can be installed in the aforementioned terminal devices are collectively referred to as terminal devices.

[0095] It should be noted that the terminal device may be a device or apparatus with a chip, or a device or apparatus with integrated circuitry, or a chip, module or control unit in the device or apparatus shown above. This application does not limit the specific device.

[0096] (2) RAN node 110 is a device deployed in a radio access network to provide wireless communication functions for terminal devices. RAN node 110 may also be referred to as access network equipment, radio access network (RAN) entity, access node, network node, or communication device, etc.

[0097] Specifically, RAN nodes can be access network equipment for cellular systems related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Examples include fourth-generation (4G) mobile communication systems, 5G mobile communication systems, non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems, or future-oriented evolution systems. RAN nodes can also be access network equipment in open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), cloud radio access network (CRAN), or wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems. Alternatively, the network equipment can be access network equipment in a communication system resulting from the fusion of two or more of the above communication systems.

[0098] Multiple RAN nodes 110 in a communication system can be of the same type or different types. In some scenarios, the roles of RAN nodes 110 and terminal devices 120 are relative, for example, Figure 1 Network element 120i can be a helicopter or a drone, and it can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j that access RAN 100 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; however, for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. RAN node 110 and terminal equipment 120 are sometimes referred to as communication devices, for example... Figure 1 Network elements 110a and 110b can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, while network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0099] RAN nodes include, but are not limited to: base stations, evolved Node Bs (eNBs), radio network controllers (RNCs), Node Bs (NBs), base station controllers (BSCs), base transceiver stations (BTSs), home base stations (e.g., home evolved Node Bs, or home Node Bs (HNBs), baseband units (BBUs), access points (APs) in Wi-Fi systems, and macro base stations (such as…). Figure 1 110a), micro base stations or indoor stations (such as Figure 1 RAN nodes can be categorized as follows: 110b), wireless relay nodes, donor nodes, radio controllers in CRAN scenarios, wireless backhaul nodes, transmission points (TPs), or transmission reception points (TRPs). RAN nodes can also be access network equipment in 5G mobile communication systems. For example, next-generation base stations (gNBs) in New Radio (NR) systems, TRPs, TPs, or one or more antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G mobile communication system. RAN nodes can also be base stations in future mobile communication systems, or they can be servers, wearable devices, vehicles, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology, the RAN node can be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0100] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-control plane (CPs), CU-user plane (UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as a BBU. RUs can be included in radio equipment or radio units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs). In some deployments, the CU and DU separate the gNB's protocol layers, with some protocol layer functions centrally controlled by the CU, and the remaining partial or complete protocol layer functions distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU. For one possible implementation, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 In (a) of the protocol stack, the CU deploys the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer; the DU deploys the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and the Physical Layer (PHY) layer. Therefore, the CU has the processing capabilities for RRC, SDAP, and PDCP, while the DU has the processing capabilities for RLC, MAC, and PHY. It is understood that the above functional division is merely an example and does not constitute a limitation on the CU and DU. For another possible implementation, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4In (b) of the protocol stack, CU-CP deploys the RRC layer and the packet data convergence protocol-control plane (PDCP-C); CU-UP deploys the SDAP layer and the packet data convergence protocol-user plane (PDCP-U); and DU deploys the RLC layer, MAC layer, and physical layer (PHY). Therefore, CU-CP has the processing capabilities of RRC and PDCP-C, CU-UP has the processing capabilities of SDAP and PDCP-U, and DU has the processing capabilities of RLC, MAC, and PHY. It is understood that the above functional division is only an example and does not constitute a limitation on CU and DU.

[0101] O-RAN, or ORAN system, aims to achieve an intelligent and open access network. A key feature of the O-RAN architecture is the separation of hardware and software, enabling the virtualization of network functions and the standardization of hardware. Furthermore, O-RAN incorporates artificial intelligence (AI).

[0102] It should be noted that CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names in different systems, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in O-RAN or ORAN systems, CU may also be called an open central unit (O-CU) or an open CU, DU may also be called an open distributed unit (O-DU), central unit control plane (CU-CP) may also be called an open central unit control plane (O-CU-CP) or an open CU-CP, central unit user plane (CU-UP) may also be called an open central unit user plane (O-CU-UP) or an open CU-UP, and RU may also be called an open radio unit (O-RU). This application does not limit the specific names. Any of the units CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an O-RAN or ORAN system provided in an embodiment of this application. The O-RAN or ORAN system includes: at least one CU, at least one DU, and at least one RU. Figure 5 Taking one CU, one DU, and one RU as an example, the CU can be divided into CU-CP and CU-UP. The CU can also be called O-CU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, DU can be called O-DU, and RU can be called O-RU. The correspondence between the ORAN access network equipment (network element modules) and their implementable protocol layer functions can be found in Table 1, as follows:

[0103] Table 1

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] It is understood that a RAN node can be a CU node, a DU node, or a device that includes both CU and DU nodes. Furthermore, a CU can be classified as a device in the radio access network or as a device in the core network; there are no restrictions on this.

[0107] It should be noted that the RAN node can be the device or apparatus shown above, or a component (e.g., a chip), module, or unit in the device or apparatus shown above; this application does not limit the specifics.

[0108] (3) Core network equipment refers to equipment in the core network (CN) that provides service support to terminals. Examples of core network equipment include: Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) entities, Session Management Function (SMF) entities, User Plane Function (UPF) entities, etc., which will not be listed here. The AMF entity is responsible for terminal access management and mobility management; the SMF entity is responsible for session management, such as user session establishment; and the UPF entity can be a user plane function entity, primarily responsible for connecting to external networks. It should be noted that in this application, entities can also be referred to as network elements or functional entities. For example, an AMF entity can also be called an AMF network element or an AMF functional entity, and an SMF entity can also be called an SMF network element or an SMF functional entity, etc.

[0109] It should be noted that the core network equipment can be the equipment or apparatus shown above, or it can be a component (e.g., a chip), module, or unit in the equipment or apparatus shown above. This application does not limit the specific details.

[0110] In the end-to-end latency guarantee process, the SMF entity divides the access network packet delay budget (ANPDB) and the core network packet delay budget (CNPDB). The packet delay budget (PDB) defines the upper limit of the time that a data packet can be delayed between the UPF entity and the UE. The ANPDB can also be called the target ANPDB, and the CNPDB can also be called the target CNPDB. The target ANPDB is the expected latency budget for data packets to be transmitted from the network device to the terminal device, and the target CNPDB is the expected latency budget for data packets to be transmitted from the core network device to the network device. The access network can guarantee data transmission latency based on the target ANPDB, and the core network can guarantee data transmission latency based on the target CNPDB. However, in actual networks, the above segmented latency guarantee method will have many latency jitters, and cannot eliminate the latency jitter in each segment. Latency jitter will lead to a degraded experience for the entire service. For example, please refer to... Figure 6 , Figure 6 This diagram illustrates a latency guarantee method. Generally, the transmission latency from the arrival of a data packet in the core network to its reception by the terminal device needs to be controlled within 15 milliseconds (ms) to ensure a good user experience. To meet this latency requirement, for example, CNPDB can be set to 5ms and AN PDB to 10ms. However, due to significant jitter during data packet transmission from the core network to the network device, sometimes exceeding 3ms or more, if the jitter is large, to avoid impacting the user experience and ensuring the overall transmission latency does not exceed 15ms, the actual usable transmission time from the base station to the terminal device may be less than 10ms, potentially resulting in incomplete data packet transmission. Alternatively, if the jitter is large, and the transmission time from the access network device to the terminal device is still calculated as 10ms, the overall transmission latency may exceed 15ms, affecting the user experience. To address these issues, this application proposes the following solutions.

[0111] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of yet another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7The method shown can be applied to a first device and a second device. The first device can be an access network device, a component applied in the access network device (e.g., a processor, chip, circuit, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network device. The second device can be a core network device, a component applied in the core network device (e.g., a processor, chip, circuit, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the core network device. The method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0112] Step S701: The second device determines the first information.

[0113] For example, the second device can be Figure 1 The core network equipment included in the core network 200, such as the second device, can be an SMF entity. Optionally, the second device determining the first information may include: the network latency control module in the second device determining the first information.

[0114] Step S702: The second device sends the first information.

[0115] The second device sending the first information includes: the second device sending the first information to the first device through the AMF entity, and the first device receiving the first information includes: the first device receiving the first information from the second device through the AMF entity.

[0116] The first information is used to determine the first strategy.

[0117] For example, the first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period. The first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine a first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data. The first threshold corresponds to the optimized transmission strategy in the first strategy, and the second threshold corresponds to the discarding strategy in the first strategy.

[0118] In the above method, by including a first threshold and / or a second threshold in the first information, the transmission strategy adopted when transmitting the first data can be determined, that is, whether the first strategy is a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy, which is more conducive to the subsequent transmission of the first data. By including a first period and / or a second period in the first information, the first data can be processed based on the first period and / or the second period, thereby ensuring the transmission latency of the first data and further improving the user experience.

[0119] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: a first device sending latency guarantee capability information, and correspondingly, a second device receiving the latency guarantee capability information, and the second device determining the first information based on the latency guarantee capability information.

[0120] For example, the first device can be a RAN node, such as Figure 1 110a or 110b.

[0121] The process of the first device sending latency guarantee capability information includes: the first device sending latency guarantee capability information to the second device through an AMF entity; correspondingly, the process of the second device receiving latency guarantee capability information includes: the second device receiving latency guarantee capability information from the first device through an AMF entity. Optionally, the latency guarantee capability information can be determined by the first device based on measurement results, load information, and the number of users.

[0122] It should be noted that the first device determines (or predicts) the latency guarantee capability information based on the interference stability management strategy for the air interface. This latency guarantee capability information refers to the fact that the data transmission latency at the air interface can be stabilized within a specific latency range.

[0123] The latency guarantee capability information includes at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency. For example, the third latency can be the maximum latency guaranteed for normal transmission, such as latency A, where the latency guaranteed for normal transmission is no greater than latency A. For example, the fourth latency can be the maximum latency guaranteed for optimized transmission, such as latency B, where the latency guaranteed for optimized transmission is no greater than latency B, where latency B is greater than latency A. The second device determines the first information based on the latency guarantee capability information, including: the second device determining a first threshold based on the third latency, and / or determining a second threshold based on the fourth latency.

[0124] Among them, the first threshold is less than the second threshold, the first threshold is less than or equal to the third delay, and the second threshold is less than or equal to the fourth delay. The third delay can be less than the fourth delay.

[0125] Optionally, the second device determines the first information based on the latency guarantee capability information, including: the second device determines the first information based on the latency requirements of the service and the latency guarantee capability information.

[0126] In the above method, determining the first information through latency guarantee capability information is beneficial for subsequently determining the transmission strategy of the first data, thereby guaranteeing the transmission latency of the first data and improving the user experience.

[0127] Step S703: The first device determines the first strategy based on the first time delay and the first information.

[0128] The first latency is the transmission latency of the first data from the core network device to the access network device, or the first latency is the transmission latency of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device. The first strategy includes one of the following: normal transmission strategy, optimized transmission strategy, or drop strategy. The optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is first priority (i.e., high priority), or the forwarding period is first period (i.e., short period). The normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is second priority (i.e., normal priority), or the forwarding period is second period (i.e., normal period). The first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is shorter than the second period. The first period can be a short-period gating mechanism, which allows for faster data forwarding compared to a normal-period gating mechanism; the second period can be a normal-period gating mechanism. By defining the scheduling priority and forwarding period of the first data in the optimized transmission strategy, the transmission latency of the first data can be guaranteed even when the latency budget is insufficient, further improving the user experience. By defining the scheduling priority and forwarding period of the first data in the normal transmission strategy, the transmission latency of the first data can be guaranteed specifically based on the actual situation, further improving the user experience.

[0129] In one possible implementation, the first device determines the first delay by: receiving a first protocol data unit (PDU), the first PDU including first data and a first timestamp; and determining the first delay based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU. The first delay is the reception time of the first PDU minus the first timestamp. In one example, the first timestamp is T1 (T1 is an absolute time), the reception time of the first PDU is T2 (T2 is an absolute time), and the first delay is (T2-T1). This method effectively determines the first delay, reduces signaling overhead, and has low implementation complexity.

[0130] It should be noted that the core network equipment and the access network equipment complete time synchronization based on a time synchronization protocol, and then determine the first delay.

[0131] For downlink data transmission, the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device. The second device sends second configuration information, which indicates a first timestamp. This second configuration information indicates that a first timestamp is added for a first flow. The second configuration information may include flow identification information, which indicates that a timestamp is added for that flow. Optionally, the second configuration information may also be called timestamp configuration information. The first data belongs to the first flow. In this case, the first timestamp is an absolute time.

[0132] For example, the second device sending the second configuration information includes: the second device sending the second configuration information to the UPF entity; correspondingly, after receiving the second configuration information from the second device, the UPF entity adds a first timestamp to the first PDU, and then sends the first PDU (including first data and a first timestamp) to the first device; correspondingly, the first device receives the first PDU from the UPF entity, the first PDU including first data and a first timestamp. The first PDU can be one of the PDUs in a PDU set, and adding the first timestamp to the first PDU can include adding the first timestamp to the first packet of each PDU set. It should be noted that the first device and the UPF entity have already completed clock synchronization before the first device receives the first PDU from the UPF entity.

[0133] For uplink data transmission, the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device. The first device sends first configuration information, which indicates a first timestamp. The first configuration information indicating the first timestamp includes: the first configuration information indicating the addition of a first timestamp for a first flow; the first configuration information may include flow identification information, which indicates the addition of a timestamp for that flow. Optionally, the first configuration information may also be called timestamp configuration information. The first data belongs to the first flow. In this case, the first timestamp is the air interface time, i.e., represented by the identifier of the radio frame and / or time slot.

[0134] For example, the first device sending first configuration information includes: the first device sending the first configuration information to the terminal device; correspondingly, after receiving the first configuration information from the first device, the terminal device adds a first timestamp to a first PDU, and then sends the first PDU (including first data and a first timestamp) to the first device; correspondingly, the first device receives the first PDU from the terminal device, the first PDU including first data and a first timestamp. The first PDU can be one of the PDUs in a PDU set, and adding the first timestamp to the first PDU can include adding the first timestamp to the first packet of each PDU set. It should be noted that before the first device receives the first PDU from the terminal device, the first device and the terminal device have already completed air interface radio frame and / or time slot synchronization.

[0135] In another possible implementation, the first device determines a first strategy based on a first delay and first information, including: when the first delay is greater than or equal to a first threshold, determining the first strategy as an optimized transmission strategy; when the first delay is greater than or equal to a second threshold, determining the first strategy as a discard strategy; or when the first delay is less than the first threshold, determining the first strategy as a normal transmission strategy.

[0136] Step S704: The first device processes the first data based on the first strategy.

[0137] The first device processes the first data based on a first strategy, including: transmitting the first data using an optimized transmission strategy when the first delay is greater than or equal to a first threshold; discarding the first data using a discarding strategy when the first delay is greater than or equal to a second threshold; or transmitting the first data using a normal transmission strategy when the first delay is less than the first threshold. By determining the relationship between the first delay and the first and / or second thresholds, different strategies can be used to transmit the first data, thus ensuring the transmission delay of the first data in a targeted manner based on the actual situation, thereby improving the user experience.

[0138] The first device processes the first data based on a first strategy, including: the first strategy is an optimized transmission strategy, in which the first data is transmitted using the optimized transmission strategy; the first strategy is a discard strategy, in which the first data is discarded using the discard strategy; or the first strategy is a normal transmission strategy, in which the first data is transmitted using the normal transmission strategy.

[0139] Optionally, when the optimized transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data, the transmission delay of the first data is less than that when the normal transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data.

[0140] The transmission of the first data using an optimized transmission strategy may include at least one of the following: transmitting the first data with a first priority or transmitting the first data using a first cycle; the transmission of the first data using a normal transmission strategy may include at least one of the following: transmitting the first data with a second priority or transmitting the first data using a second cycle; wherein the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first cycle is shorter than the second cycle. This can be understood as follows: when the optimized transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data, the transmission delay of the first data is less than the transmission delay of the first data when the normal transmission strategy is used.

[0141] For downlink data transmission, the first latency is the transmission latency of the first data from the core network device to the access network device. The first device transmits the first data using an optimized transmission strategy, including: the first device sending the first data to the terminal device using the optimized transmission strategy. The first device discards the first data using a discard strategy, including: the first device discards the first data, and the first device does not send the first data to the terminal device. The first device transmits the first data using a normal transmission strategy, including: the first device sending the first data to the terminal device using the normal transmission strategy. The optimized transmission strategy, the discard strategy, or the normal transmission strategy are used to ensure the transmission latency of the first data from the access network device to the terminal device.

[0142] For uplink data transmission, the first latency is the transmission latency of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device. The first device transmits the first data using an optimized transmission strategy, including: the first device sending the first data to the UPF entity using the optimized transmission strategy. The first device discards the first data using a discard strategy, including: the first device discards the first data, and the first device does not send the first data to the UPF entity. The first device transmits the first data using a normal transmission strategy, including: the first device sending the first data to the UPF entity using the normal transmission strategy. The optimized transmission strategy, the discard strategy, or the normal transmission strategy are used to ensure the transmission latency of the first data from the access network device to the core network device.

[0143] In another possible implementation, the method further includes: a first device sending first instruction information, and correspondingly, a second device receiving the first instruction information.

[0144] The sending of the first instruction information by the first device includes: the first device sending the first instruction information to the second device through an AMF entity. The receiving of the first instruction information by the second device includes: the second device receiving the first instruction information from the first device through an AMF entity.

[0145] The first indication information includes at least one of the following: the first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data dropped, the number of packets dropped, the ratio of the amount of data dropped to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets dropped to the packets included in the first data, the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data optimized, the number of packets optimized, the ratio of the amount of data optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets optimized to the packets included in the first data. Optionally, the amount of data dropped and / or the amount of data optimized can be in bits.

[0146] For example, the first indication information includes at least one of the following: whether a drop policy is used to process the first data, the amount of data dropped when the drop policy is used to process the first data, the number of packets dropped when the drop policy is used to process the first data, the ratio of the amount of data dropped to the first data when the drop policy is used to process the first data, the ratio of the number of packets dropped to the packets included in the first data when the drop policy is used to process the first data, whether an optimized transmission policy is used to process the first data, the amount of data optimized when the optimized transmission policy is used to process the first data, the number of packets optimized when the optimized transmission policy is used to process the first data, the ratio of the amount of data optimized to the first data when the optimized transmission policy is used to process the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets optimized to the packets included in the first data when the optimized transmission policy is used to process the first data.

[0147] Optionally, the first instruction information can also be called a delay assurance report.

[0148] Optionally, after receiving the first instruction information, the second device can subsequently optimize the first information based on the first instruction information. For example, if the ratio of the amount of discarded data to the first data is greater than a first ratio, and / or the ratio of the number of discarded packets to the number of packets included in the first data is greater than a second ratio, the value of the second threshold in the first information is increased. The first and second ratios can be predefined by the protocol, determined by the second device, or determined through negotiation between the second and first devices; this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0149] In the above method, the first device or UPF entity statistically analyzes the implementation of the first strategy and sends the first instruction information, which helps the second device to optimize the first information based on the first instruction information, thereby further ensuring data transmission latency and improving user experience.

[0150] exist Figure 7In the described method, the relationship between the first delay and the first information allows for the determination of the transmission strategy used when transmitting the first data subsequently. This strategy can be a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discarding strategy, thus further facilitating the transmission of the first data. By processing the first data based on the first strategy, the transmission delay of the first data can be guaranteed, further improving the user experience. For example, the transmission delay from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device needs to be controlled within 15 milliseconds (ms) to ensure a good user experience. For instance, the core network packet delay budget (CN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the access network device, can be set to 5ms. The access network packet delay budget (AN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the start of data packet transmission from the access network device to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device, can be set to 10ms. In one possible implementation, since the first delay is greater than 5ms due to jitter during the transmission of the data packet from the core network to the access network device, an optimized transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data, ensuring that the transmission delay of the first data from the network device to the terminal device is less than 10ms, further meeting the delay requirements. In another possible implementation, since jitter during the transmission of data packets from the core network to the access network device causes an initial latency greater than 10ms, a drop-transmission strategy is adopted to discard the first data. In yet another possible implementation, since there is no jitter during the transmission of data packets from the core network to the access network device, the initial latency is less than 5ms, and a normal strategy is used to transmit the first data, further meeting the latency requirements. In summary, through the above methods, different strategies can be adopted to transmit the first data based on actual conditions, thereby specifically guaranteeing the transmission latency of the first data and improving the user experience. Furthermore, the above methods can optimize the entire network latency guarantee mechanism, thereby improving the service experience.

[0151] For downlink data transmission, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication system architecture includes a terminal device, a first device, an AMF entity, a second device, and a UPF entity. Taking this method as an example, it includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0152] Step S801: The first device sends delay guarantee capability information to the second device through the AMF entity.

[0153] Correspondingly, the second device receives latency guarantee capability information from the first device through the AMF entity.

[0154] The latency guarantee capability information includes at least one of the following: third latency or fourth latency. Please refer to the relevant description in step S702 for details.

[0155] Step S802: The second device determines the first information based on the time delay guarantee capability information.

[0156] The first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period. Optionally, the second device includes a network delay control module, which determines the first information based on delay guarantee capability information. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S702.

[0157] Step S803: The second device sends the first information to the first device through the AMF entity.

[0158] Accordingly, the first device receives the first information from the second device through the AMF entity.

[0159] Step S804: The second device sends the second configuration information to the UPF entity.

[0160] Accordingly, the UPF entity receives second configuration information from the second device. The second configuration information is used to indicate the first timestamp.

[0161] Optionally, the second configuration information can also be called timestamp configuration information. Please refer to the relevant description in step S703 for details.

[0162] Step S805: The UPF entity sends the first PDU to the first device.

[0163] Accordingly, the first device receives the first PDU from the UPF entity.

[0164] The first PDU includes the first data and the first timestamp. Please refer to the relevant description in step S703 for details.

[0165] Step S806: The first device determines the first strategy based on the first time delay and the first information.

[0166] The first delay is determined based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU. Specifically, the first delay can be the reception time of the first PDU minus the first timestamp. The first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S703.

[0167] Step S807: The first device processes the first data based on the first strategy.

[0168] The first device processes the first data based on the first strategy, including one of the following: the first device sends the first data to the terminal device using an optimized transmission strategy, the first device discards the first data, or the first device sends the first data to the terminal device using a normal transmission strategy. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S704.

[0169] Step S808: The first device sends a first instruction message to the second device through the AMF entity.

[0170] Accordingly, the second device receives the first instruction information from the first device via the AMF entity. See the relevant description in step S704 for details.

[0171] exist Figure 8 In the described method, the relationship between the first delay and the first information allows for the determination of the transmission strategy used when transmitting the first data subsequently. This strategy can be a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discarding strategy, thus further facilitating the transmission of the first data. By processing the first data based on the first strategy, the transmission delay of the first data can be guaranteed, further improving the user experience. For example, the transmission delay from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device needs to be controlled within 15 milliseconds (ms) to ensure a good user experience. For instance, the core network packet delay budget (CN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the access network device, can be set to 5ms. The access network packet delay budget (AN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the start of data packet transmission from the access network device to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device, can be set to 10ms. In one possible implementation, since the first delay is greater than 5ms due to jitter during the transmission of the data packet from the core network to the access network device, an optimized transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data, ensuring that the transmission delay of the first data from the network device to the terminal device is less than 10ms, further meeting the delay requirements. In another possible implementation, since jitter during the transmission of data packets from the core network to the access network device causes an initial latency greater than 10ms, a drop-transmission strategy is adopted to discard the first data. In yet another possible implementation, since there is no jitter during the transmission of data packets from the core network to the access network device, the initial latency is less than 5ms, and a normal strategy is used to transmit the first data, further meeting the latency requirements. In summary, through the above methods, different strategies can be adopted to transmit the first data based on actual conditions, thereby specifically guaranteeing the transmission latency of the first data and improving the user experience. Furthermore, the above methods can optimize the entire network latency guarantee mechanism, thereby improving the service experience.

[0172] For uplink data transmission, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication system architecture includes a terminal device, a first device, an AMF entity, a second device, and a UPF entity. Taking this method as an example, it includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0173] Steps S901-S903 can be referred to the relevant descriptions in steps S801-S803, and will not be repeated here.

[0174] Step S904: The first device sends the first configuration information to the terminal device.

[0175] Accordingly, the terminal device receives the first configuration information from the first device.

[0176] The first configuration information is used to indicate the first timestamp. Optionally, the first configuration information may also be called timestamp configuration information. Please refer to the relevant description in step S703 for details.

[0177] Step S905: The terminal device sends the first PDU to the first device.

[0178] Accordingly, the first device receives the first PDU from the terminal device.

[0179] The first PDU includes the first data and the first timestamp. Please refer to the relevant description in step S703 for details.

[0180] Step S906: The first device determines the first strategy based on the first time delay and the first information.

[0181] The first delay is determined based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU. Specifically, the first delay can be the reception time of the first PDU minus the first timestamp. The first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S703.

[0182] Step S907: The first device processes the first data based on the first strategy.

[0183] The first device processes the first data based on the first strategy, including one of the following: the first device sends the first data to the UPF entity using an optimized transmission strategy, the first device discards the first data, or the first device sends the first data to the UPF entity using a normal transmission strategy. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S704.

[0184] Step S908: The first device sends a first instruction message to the second device through the AMF entity.

[0185] Accordingly, the second device receives the first instruction information from the first device via the AMF entity. See the relevant description in step S704 for details.

[0186] exist Figure 9 In the described method, the relationship between the first delay and the first information allows for the determination of the transmission strategy used when transmitting the first data subsequently. This strategy can be a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy, thus further facilitating the transmission of the first data. By processing the first data based on the first strategy, the transmission delay of the first data can be guaranteed, further improving the user experience. For example, the transmission delay from the start of data packet transmission from the terminal device to the point where the core network device receives the data packet needs to be controlled within 15 milliseconds (ms) to ensure a good user experience. For instance, the access network packet delay budget (AN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the start of data packet transmission from the terminal device to the point where the access network device receives the data packet, can be set to 10ms. The core network packet delay budget (CN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the start of data packet arrival at the access network to the point where the core network device receives the data packet, can be set to 5ms. In one possible implementation, since the first delay is greater than 10ms due to jitter during the transmission of the data packet from the terminal device to the access network device, using an optimized transmission strategy to transmit the first data can reduce the transmission delay of the first data from the network device to the terminal device to less than 5ms, further meeting the delay requirements. In another possible implementation, if jitter causes the initial latency of the data packet to exceed 13ms during transmission from the terminal device to the access network device, a drop transmission strategy is employed to discard the first data. In yet another possible implementation, if there is no jitter during transmission from the terminal device to the access network device, and the initial latency is less than 10ms, a normal transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data, further meeting the latency requirements. In summary, through these methods, different strategies can be adopted to transmit the first data based on actual conditions, thereby specifically guaranteeing the transmission latency of the first data and improving user experience. Furthermore, these methods can optimize the entire network latency guarantee mechanism, thereby improving service experience.

[0187] When the method of this application embodiment is applied to an open RAN architecture, for downlink data transmission, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication system architecture includes a terminal device, a first device, an AMF entity, a second device, and a UPF entity. The first device includes, for example, a CU and a DU. The method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0188] Step S1001: The DU in the first device sends latency guarantee capability information to the CU in the first device, and the CU in the first device sends latency guarantee capability information to the second device through the AMF entity.

[0189] Correspondingly, the CU in the first device receives the latency guarantee capability information from the DU in the first device, and the second device receives the latency guarantee capability information from the CU in the first device through the AMF entity.

[0190] The latency guarantee capability information includes at least one of the following: third latency or fourth latency. Please refer to the relevant description in step S702 for details.

[0191] Step S1002: The second device determines the first information based on the time delay guarantee capability information.

[0192] The first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first cycle, or a second cycle. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S702.

[0193] Step S1003: The second device sends first information to the CU in the first device through the AMF entity, and the CU in the first device sends first information to the DU in the first device.

[0194] Accordingly, the CU in the first device receives the first information from the second device through the AMF entity, and the DU in the first device receives the first information from the CU in the first device.

[0195] Step S1004: The second device sends the second configuration information to the UPF entity.

[0196] Accordingly, the UPF entity receives second configuration information from the second device. The second configuration information is used to indicate the first timestamp. See the relevant description in step S703 for details.

[0197] Step S1005: The UPF entity sends the first PDU to the CU in the first device, and the CU in the first device sends the first PDU to the DU in the first device.

[0198] Accordingly, the CU in the first device receives the first PDU from the UPF entity, and the DU in the first device receives the first PDU from the CU in the first device.

[0199] The first PDU includes the first data and the first timestamp. Please refer to the relevant description in step S703 for details.

[0200] Step S1006: The DU in the first device determines the first strategy based on the first delay and the first information.

[0201] The first delay is determined based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU. Specifically, the first delay can be the reception time of the first PDU minus the first timestamp. The first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S703.

[0202] Step S1007: The DU in the first device processes the first data based on the first strategy.

[0203] The first device's DU processing the first data based on the first strategy includes one of the following: the DU in the first device sends the first data to the terminal device using an optimized transmission strategy; the DU in the first device discards the first data; or the DU in the first device sends the first data to the terminal device using a normal transmission strategy. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S704.

[0204] Step S1008: The DU in the first device sends the first instruction information to the CU in the first device, the CU in the first device sends the first instruction information to the AMF entity, and the AMF entity sends the first instruction information to the second device.

[0205] Accordingly, the CU in the first device receives the first instruction information from the DU in the first device, the AMF entity receives the first instruction information from the CU in the first device, and the second device receives the first instruction information from the AMF entity. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S704.

[0206] exist Figure 10In the described method, the relationship between the first delay and the first information allows for the determination of the transmission strategy used when transmitting the first data subsequently. This strategy can be a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discarding strategy, thus further facilitating the transmission of the first data. By processing the first data based on the first strategy, the transmission delay of the first data can be guaranteed, further improving the user experience. For example, the transmission delay from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device needs to be controlled within 15 milliseconds (ms) to ensure a good user experience. For instance, the core network packet delay budget (CN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the arrival of the data packet in the core network to the receipt of the data packet by the access network device, can be set to 5ms. The access network packet delay budget (AN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the start of data packet transmission from the access network device to the receipt of the data packet by the terminal device, can be set to 10ms. In one possible implementation, since the first delay is greater than 5ms due to jitter during the transmission of the data packet from the core network to the access network device, an optimized transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data, ensuring that the transmission delay of the first data from the network device to the terminal device is less than 10ms, further meeting the delay requirements. In another possible implementation, since jitter during the transmission of data packets from the core network to the access network device causes an initial latency greater than 10ms, a drop-transmission strategy is adopted to discard the first data. In yet another possible implementation, since there is no jitter during the transmission of data packets from the core network to the access network device, the initial latency is less than 5ms, and a normal strategy is used to transmit the first data, further meeting the latency requirements. In summary, through the above methods, different strategies can be adopted to transmit the first data based on actual conditions, thereby specifically guaranteeing the transmission latency of the first data and improving the user experience. Furthermore, the above methods can optimize the entire network latency guarantee mechanism, thereby improving the service experience.

[0207] When the method of this application embodiment is applied to an open RAN architecture, for uplink data transmission, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication system architecture includes a terminal device, a first device, an AMF entity, a second device, and a UPF entity. The first device includes, for example, a CU and a DU. The method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0208] Steps S1101-S1103 can be referred to the relevant descriptions in steps S1001-S1003, and will not be repeated here.

[0209] Step S1104: The CU in the first device sends the first configuration information to the DU in the first device, and the DU in the first device sends the first configuration information to the terminal device.

[0210] Accordingly, the DU in the first device receives the first configuration information from the CU in the first device, and the terminal device receives the first configuration information from the DU in the first device.

[0211] The first configuration information is used to indicate the first timestamp. Optionally, the first configuration information may also be called timestamp configuration information. Please refer to the relevant description in step S703 for details.

[0212] Step S1105: The terminal device sends the first PDU to the DU in the first device, and the DU in the first device sends the first PDU to the CU in the first device.

[0213] Accordingly, the DU in the first device receives the first PDU from the terminal device, and the CU in the first device receives the first PDU from the DU in the first device.

[0214] The first PDU includes the first data and the first timestamp. Please refer to the relevant description in step S703 for details.

[0215] Step S1106: The DU in the first device determines the first strategy based on the first delay and the first information.

[0216] The first delay is determined based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU. Specifically, the first delay can be the reception time of the first PDU minus the first timestamp. The first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S703.

[0217] Step S1107: The DU in the first device sends the first strategy to the CU in the first device.

[0218] Step S1108: The CU in the first device processes the first data based on the first strategy.

[0219] The first device's CU processing the first data based on the first strategy includes one of the following: the CU in the first device sends the first data to the UPF entity using an optimized transmission strategy; the CU in the first device discards the first data; or the CU in the first device sends the first data to the UPF entity using a normal transmission strategy. For details, please refer to the relevant description in step S704.

[0220] Step S1109: The CU in the first device sends the first instruction information to the second device through the AMF entity.

[0221] Accordingly, the second device receives the first instruction information from the CU in the first device via the AMF entity. See the relevant description in step S704 for details.

[0222] exist Figure 11 In the described method, the relationship between the first delay and the first information allows for the determination of the transmission strategy used when transmitting the first data subsequently. This strategy can be a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy, thus further facilitating the transmission of the first data. By processing the first data based on the first strategy, the transmission delay of the first data can be guaranteed, further improving the user experience. For example, the transmission delay from the start of data packet transmission from the terminal device to the point where the core network device receives the data packet needs to be controlled within 15 milliseconds (ms) to ensure a good user experience. For instance, the access network packet delay budget (AN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the start of data packet transmission from the terminal device to the point where the access network device receives the data packet, can be set to 10ms. The core network packet delay budget (CN PDB), i.e., the expected delay budget from the start of data packet arrival at the access network to the point where the core network device receives the data packet, can be set to 5ms. In one possible implementation, since the first delay is greater than 10ms due to jitter during the transmission of the data packet from the terminal device to the access network device, using an optimized transmission strategy to transmit the first data can reduce the transmission delay of the first data from the network device to the terminal device to less than 5ms, further meeting the delay requirements. In another possible implementation, if jitter causes the initial latency of the data packet to exceed 13ms during transmission from the terminal device to the access network device, a drop transmission strategy is employed to discard the first data. In yet another possible implementation, if there is no jitter during transmission from the terminal device to the access network device, and the initial latency is less than 10ms, a normal transmission strategy is used to transmit the first data, further meeting the latency requirements. In summary, through these methods, different strategies can be adopted to transmit the first data based on actual conditions, thereby specifically guaranteeing the transmission latency of the first data and improving user experience. Furthermore, these methods can optimize the entire network latency guarantee mechanism, thereby improving service experience.

[0223] The methods of the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above, and the apparatus of the embodiments of this application is provided below.

[0224] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1200 provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1200 may include modules, units, or means that correspond one-to-one with the methods / operations / steps / actions performed by the first or second device in the above method embodiments. The modules, units, or means may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0225] In one possible implementation, the communication device 1200 may include a processing unit 1201 and a transceiver unit 1202, the specific details of which are as follows:

[0226] The processing unit 1201 is used for data processing. The transceiver unit 1202 can implement corresponding communication functions. The transceiver unit 1202 can also be called a communication interface or a communication module.

[0227] Optionally, the communication device 1200 may further include a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing unit 1201 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module to enable the implementation of the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0228] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1202 may include a sending unit and a receiving unit. The sending unit is used to perform the sending operation in the above method embodiments. The receiving unit is used to perform the receiving operation in the above method embodiments.

[0229] It should be noted that the communication device 1200 may include a transmitting unit but not a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication device 1200 may include a receiving unit but not a transmitting unit. Specifically, it depends on whether the above-described scheme executed by the communication device 1200 includes both transmitting and receiving actions.

[0230] Optionally, the communication device 1200 is used to perform the above. Figures 7-11 The actions performed by the first device in the illustrated embodiment are shown above. For details, please refer to the above. Figures 7-11 The relevant descriptions in the illustrated embodiments are not elaborated here. For example, the communication device 1200 is used to execute the following scheme:

[0231] The processing unit 1201 is configured to determine a first strategy based on a first delay and first information, wherein the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device, or the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device, and the first strategy includes one of the following: a normal transmission strategy, an optimized transmission strategy, or a discard strategy; the processing unit 1201 is further configured to process the first data based on the first strategy.

[0232] In one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

[0233] In another possible implementation, the optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; the normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; wherein, the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is less than the second period.

[0234] In another possible implementation, the processing unit 1201 is configured to transmit the first data using the optimized transmission strategy when the first delay is greater than or equal to the first threshold; the processing unit 1201 is configured to discard the first data using the discarding strategy when the first delay is greater than or equal to the second threshold; or the processing unit 1201 is configured to transmit the first data using the normal transmission strategy when the first delay is less than the first threshold.

[0235] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1202 is further configured to receive a first protocol data unit (PDU), the first PDU including the first data and a first timestamp; the processing unit 1201 is further configured to determine the first delay based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU.

[0236] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1202 is further configured to send first configuration information, which is used to indicate the first timestamp.

[0237] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1202 is further configured to send first indication information, the first indication information including at least one of the following: the first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to be dropped to the number of packets included in the first data, the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the number of packets included in the first data.

[0238] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1202 is further configured to send latency guarantee capability information, the latency guarantee capability information including at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency, the latency guarantee capability information being used to determine the first information.

[0239] It should be noted that the implementation and beneficial effects of each module can be found by referring to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figures 7-11 The corresponding description of the method embodiments shown.

[0240] Optionally, the communication device 1200 is used to perform the above. Figures 7-11 The actions performed by the second device in the illustrated embodiment. For details, please refer to the above. Figures 7-11 The relevant descriptions in the illustrated embodiments are not elaborated here. For example, the communication device 1200 is used to execute the following scheme:

[0241] The processing unit 1201 is used to determine first information; the transceiver unit 1202 is used to send the first information, the first information is used to determine a first strategy, the first strategy is used to process the first data, and the first strategy includes one of the following: normal transmission strategy, optimized transmission strategy, or discard strategy.

[0242] In one possible implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

[0243] In another possible implementation, the optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; the normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is a second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is less than the second period.

[0244] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1202 is further configured to receive latency guarantee capability information, the latency guarantee capability information including at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency; the processing unit 1201 is further configured to determine the first threshold based on the third latency and / or determine the second threshold based on the fourth latency.

[0245] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1202 is further configured to receive first indication information, wherein the first indication information includes at least one of the following: the first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to be dropped to the number of packets included in the first data, the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the number of packets included in the first data; the processing unit 1201 is further configured to optimize the first information based on the first indication information.

[0246] In another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1202 is further configured to send second configuration information, the second configuration information being used to indicate a first timestamp, the first timestamp being used to determine a first delay, the first delay being used to determine the first strategy, wherein the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device, or the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device.

[0247] It should be noted that the implementation and beneficial effects of each module can be found by referring to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figures 7-11 The corresponding description of the method embodiments shown is provided below. The module division in the embodiments of this application is illustrative and is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0248] The processing unit 1201 in the above embodiments can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 1202 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 1202 can also be referred to as a communication module or communication interface. The storage module can be implemented by at least one memory.

[0249] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1300 provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1300 may include modules, units, or means that correspond one-to-one with the methods / operations / steps / actions performed by the first or second device in the above method embodiments. The modules, units, or means may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0250] The communication device 1300 includes at least one processor 1301. Optionally, it also includes a communication interface 1303 and a memory 1302. The processor 1301, memory 1302, and communication interface 1303 are interconnected via a bus 1304. Optionally, the processor 1301 and memory 1302 can be integrated together.

[0251] The memory 1302 includes, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), and is used for related computer programs and data. The communication interface 1303 is used for receiving and sending data.

[0252] Processor 1301 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs). When processor 1301 is a CPU, the CPU can be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU.

[0253] The processor 1301 in the communication device 1300 is used to read computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 1302 to implement the functions of the processing unit, and the communication interface 1303 in the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver unit.

[0254] This application also provides a chip device including at least one processor, which is used to call a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to cause the processor to execute the method provided in the above embodiments.

[0255] In one possible implementation, the input of the chip device corresponds to the receiving operation in any of the above embodiments, and the output of the chip device corresponds to the sending operation in any of the above embodiments.

[0256] Optionally, the processor is coupled to the memory via an interface.

[0257] Optionally, the chip device may also include a memory storing computer program instructions.

[0258] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a processor, implement the method performed by the first or second device in the above method embodiments.

[0259] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions that, when run on a processor, implement the method executed by the first or second device in the above method embodiments.

[0260] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a first device and a second device as described in the above embodiments. The first device is used to perform some or all of the operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, and the second device is used to perform some or all of the operations performed by the second device in the above method embodiments.

[0261] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0262] The method steps in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in a base station or terminal. Of course, the processor and storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the base station or terminal.

[0263] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video optical disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or may include both types of storage media.

[0264] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0265] In the description of this application, terms such as "first", "second", "S701" or "S702" are used only for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions and for the convenience of context. Different sequence numbers do not have specific technical meanings themselves and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying the order of execution of operations. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: A first strategy is determined based on a first delay and first information, wherein the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device, or the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device, and the first strategy includes one of the following: normal transmission strategy, optimized transmission strategy, or drop strategy. The first data is processed based on the first strategy.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is the first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; The normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is the second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; Wherein, the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is shorter than the second period.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processing of the first data based on the first strategy includes one of the following: When the first delay is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first data is transmitted using the optimized transmission strategy. When the first delay is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the first data is discarded using the discarding strategy. or When the first delay is less than the first threshold, the first data is transmitted using the normal transmission strategy.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive a first protocol data unit (PDU), wherein the first PDU includes the first data and a first timestamp; The first delay is determined based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send first configuration information, which is used to indicate the first timestamp.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a first instruction message, which includes at least one of the following: the first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to the packets included in the first data, the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the packets included in the first data.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send latency guarantee capability information, which includes at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency, and the latency guarantee capability information is used to determine the first information.

9. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Determine the first piece of information; Send the first information, the first information is used to determine a first strategy, the first strategy is used to process the first data, and the first strategy includes one of the following: normal transmission strategy, optimized transmission strategy, or discard strategy.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is the first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; The normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is the second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; The first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is shorter than the second period.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive latency guarantee capability information, wherein the latency guarantee capability information includes at least one of the following: third latency or fourth latency; The first threshold is determined based on the third delay, and / or the second threshold is determined based on the fourth delay.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first indication information, wherein the first indication information includes at least one of the following: The first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to be dropped to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to be dropped to the number of packets included in the first data, or the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the number of packets included in the first data. The first information is optimized based on the first indication information.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9-13, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send second configuration information, the second configuration information is used to indicate a first timestamp, the first timestamp is used to determine a first delay, the first delay is used to determine the first policy, wherein the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device, or the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device.

15. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes processing units and transceiver units. The processing unit is configured to determine a first strategy based on a first delay and first information, wherein the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device, or the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device, and the first strategy includes one of the following: normal transmission strategy, optimized transmission strategy, or discard strategy. The processing unit is further configured to process the first data based on the first strategy.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that, The optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is the first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; The normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is the second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; Wherein, the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is shorter than the second period.

18. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that, The processing unit is configured to transmit the first data using the optimized transmission strategy when the first delay is greater than or equal to the first threshold. The processing unit is configured to discard the first data using the discarding strategy if the first delay is greater than or equal to the second threshold; or The processing unit is configured to transmit the first data using the normal transmission strategy when the first delay is less than the first threshold.

19. The apparatus according to any one of claims 15-18, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is further configured to receive a first protocol data unit (PDU), wherein the first PDU includes the first data and a first timestamp; The processing unit is further configured to determine the first delay based on the first timestamp and the reception time of the first PDU.

20. The apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is further configured to send first configuration information, which is used to indicate the first timestamp.

21. The apparatus according to any one of claims 15-20, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is further configured to send first indication information, the first indication information including at least one of the following: the first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to the packets included in the first data, the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the packets included in the first data.

22. The apparatus according to any one of claims 15-21, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is further configured to send latency guarantee capability information, which includes at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency, and the latency guarantee capability information is used to determine the first information.

23. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes processing units and transceiver units. The processing unit is used to determine the first information; The transceiver unit is used to send the first information, the first information is used to determine a first strategy, the first strategy is used to process the first data, and the first strategy includes one of the following: normal transmission strategy, optimized transmission strategy, or discard strategy.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: a first threshold, a second threshold, a first period, or a second period, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are used to determine the first strategy, and the first period and / or the second period are used to process the first data.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, characterized in that, The optimized transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is the first priority, or the forwarding period is the first period; The normal transmission strategy includes at least one of the following: the scheduling priority of the first data is the second priority, or the forwarding period is the second period; The first priority is higher than the second priority, and the first period is shorter than the second period.

26. The apparatus according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also configured to receive latency guarantee capability information, wherein the latency guarantee capability information includes at least one of the following: a third latency or a fourth latency; The processing unit is further configured to determine the first threshold based on the third delay and / or determine the second threshold based on the fourth delay.

27. The apparatus according to any one of claims 23-26, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is further configured to receive first indication information, wherein the first indication information includes at least one of the following: The first strategy is a dropping strategy, the amount of data to be dropped, the number of packets to be dropped, the ratio of the amount of data to be dropped to the first data, the ratio of the number of packets to be dropped to the number of packets included in the first data, or the first strategy is an optimization strategy, the amount of data to be optimized, the number of packets to be optimized, the ratio of the amount of data to be optimized to the first data, or the ratio of the number of packets to be optimized to the number of packets included in the first data. The processing unit is further configured to optimize the first information based on the first indication information.

28. The apparatus according to any one of claims 23-27, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is further configured to send second configuration information, the second configuration information being used to indicate a first timestamp, the first timestamp being used to determine a first delay, the first delay being used to determine the first strategy, wherein the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the core network device to the access network device, or the first delay is the transmission delay of the first data from the terminal device to the access network device.

29. A communication device, characterized in that, The apparatus includes at least one processor, which is configured to invoke a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to perform the method as described in claims 1-14.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a processor, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-14.

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