Arrangement of vehicle seats in a vehicle

Abstract

Arrangement of vehicle seats (50, 52, 62, 68, 86, 204, 224, 226, 228, 286) in a vehicle, comprising a plurality of compartments (22, 24, 122, 124, 222, 224) in which the vehicle seats (50, 52, 62, 68, 86, 204, 224, 226, 228, 286) are arranged, at least one through-going aisle (14, 114, 214) extending in the direction of travel, which is connected to one or more vehicle entrances, and at least one staircase (34, 36, 234) or ladder for reaching the compartments, characterized in that the aisle (14, 114, 214) extends above a section (44, 272) of one or more compartments (22, 222, 224) and / or below a section (40) of other compartments (24), the aisle (14, 114, 214) extends in the vehicle between sections of different compartments (22, 24, 222, 224) such that the sections are arranged laterally to the aisle in the direction of travel, the floor of the aisle (14, 114, 214) extends in a different plane than the floor of the compartments, and each of the compartments (22, 24, 222, 224) is connected to the aisle (14, 114, 214) by a staircase (34, 36, 234) or ladder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a vehicle seating arrangement structure, comprising: (a) Multiple compartments, each containing vehicle seating. (b) At least one through passageway extending in the direction of travel, connecting to one or more vehicle entrances, and (c) At least one staircase or ladder for accessing the compartment. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicles are capable of movement on land, water, and / or air. Vehicles can be, for example, rail vehicles such as passenger trains or railless vehicles such as buses. The invention can also be implemented, for example, in passenger ships and aircraft. The term "vehicle" herein also encompasses facilities without their own propulsion (such as containers) or facilities equipped with different propulsion systems and capable of being moved by those propulsion systems.

[0003] There are short-distance vehicles and vehicles designated for personal use. These vehicles are typically equipped with a limited number of seats, where passengers and, when necessary, the driver sit. This is not comfortable for longer distances. In particular, overnight trains with sleeping compartments are used for long-haul flights and long sea voyages, allowing passengers to lie down and sleep if necessary. The number of people that can be transported in such compartments is limited. Each vehicle incurs purchase and operating costs. The more people transported, the lower the cost per person. Furthermore, the maximum number of vehicles that can operate along a given route is limited.

[0004] Therefore, the ongoing pursuit in designing long-haul vehicles is to maximize the number of people in the vehicle's transport volume without sacrificing comfort or privacy.

[0005] Typically, sleeper cars in night trains have lateral aisles and multiple compartments with seats that are either for sleeping or reclining. The areas above and below the seats are often used as luggage racks. Each compartment has its own door leading to the aisle. The aisle extends along the entire length of the car from the vehicle exit at one end of the car in the direction of travel to the vehicle exit at the other end. Examples of such sleeper cars are known, for example, from www.nightjet.com.

[0006] DE269157A discloses a sleeper car in which compartments are provided on both sides of a central aisle. Each compartment has an upper sleeping seat and a lower seat arranged in the same compartment, which can be either a sleeping seat or a sitting seat. DE330168A and DE472401A disclose sleeper cars in which sleeping seats are arranged on both sides and above the central aisle. DE423438A discloses a sleeper car in which sleeping seats are arranged on both sides and below the central aisle.

[0007] DE674866A discloses a double-decker sleeper car with an upper central aisle and a lower central aisle, wherein compartments with sleeping seats or sitting seats are provided on both sides. DE811114A and GB658877A disclose a sleeper car or living / travel car, wherein the compartments are arranged in a 1.5-layer structure, such that the lying space of the lower compartment is separated by the standing space of the upper compartment, and the standing space of the lower compartment is located below the lying space of the upper compartment. JP2000326846A discloses a sleeper car with a double-decker central aisle and compartments extending on both sides of the central aisle across three floors.

[0008] Known double-decker passenger cars typically have sections with two levels, with passageways between the upper and lower levels. Sections with only one level also exist. Due to vehicle profile constraints, sections with only one level are particularly located above the bogies.

[0009] Double-decker carriages typically utilize accessible stairwell areas to connect the two levels. These stairwell areas also serve to connect to exits of doors located on only one level. Furthermore, they ensure connections between single-level and multi-level sections. The stairwell areas in known double-decker carriages require significant volumetric space. The number of vehicle seats is significantly less in a single-level section compared to a double-decker section. The total number of vehicle seats in a double-decker carriage increases by only approximately 1.5 times, not twice. Therefore, double-decker carriages typically have as long a double-decker section as possible to minimize the volumetric space required for the stairwell area that is unusable for vehicle seats.

[0010] Night trains typically consist of multiple carriage units. A carriage unit is a group of carriages with a common destination that are not separated during travel. Different carriage units of a train can be separated from each other during travel. Thus, by exchanging carriage units with other trains during travel, a single train can serve multiple destinations from its origin.

[0011] Night train carriages typically consist of a large number of different carriages. These include, for example, sleeper carriages, reclining carriages, seating carriages, carriages with PRM wheelchair areas (which serve as both sleeping and seating areas), pub carriages, café carriages, and / or restaurant carriages. This large number of different carriage units means higher costs in terms of procurement and maintenance, less flexibility, and fewer economies of scale. Furthermore, it is problematic to have to provide a large number of carriages to accommodate potential malfunctions or to tolerate short-term losses of carriages. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The object of this invention is to provide a vehicle seating arrangement of the type mentioned at the beginning, which improves passenger comfort and increases the number of passengers that can be transported compared to known arrangements. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the following means: (d) The passageway extends above a section of one or more compartments and / or below a section of other compartments. (e) The passageway extends within the vehicle between sections of different compartments, such that the sections are arranged laterally along the direction of travel within the passageway, and (f) The bottom of the passageway extends in a plane different from the bottom of the compartments, and each compartment is connected to the passageway by a staircase or ladder.

[0013] This invention can be implemented, for example, by the following means: (a) The vehicle seating is distributed across at least two floors, including a lower floor and an upper floor with multiple compartments. (b) The passageway extends above the section of a compartment on the lower floor and / or below the section of a compartment on the upper floor. (c) The sections are arranged on both sides of the passage along the direction of travel, and (d) The bottom of the passageway extends in a plane below the bottom of the compartment section in the upper floor and above the bottom of the compartment section in the lower floor.

[0014] This solution enables a vehicle seating arrangement where compartments extend across two floors, requiring only a single passageway to reach each compartment, regardless of its floor. This allows access to compartments from a common passageway, significantly reducing vehicle volume. Using only one passageway between compartments allows utilization of areas above and below the passageway that are not typically used as passageways. These sections have a lower height than the lateral passageway sections, given the typical permissible height of trains. These sections can be used, for example, as luggage racks or sleeping seats, where the lower height is sufficient. Passenger dwell time in the passageway is typically short. Consequently, outward-facing windows can be omitted. Instead, all compartments are located on the exterior walls and are exposed to sunlight and, if necessary, air. Windows can be individually installed in the area of ​​the stairs leading to the upper compartments. These windows can serve as emergency exits, improving the quality of stay. Not only the upper compartments but also the lower compartments can be reached from the passageway via stairs or ladders, requiring only a half-floor crossing. Accordingly, stairs or ladders can be constructed to be shorter and occupy less space. The distance from the upper compartment does not need to be the same as the distance from the lower compartment. Thus, for example, the distance from the lower compartment can be chosen to be less than the distance from the upper compartment.

[0015] The compartments can be arranged such that two compartments are arranged vertically on one side of the aisle, and only one compartment is arranged on the other side. Particularly significant is that the entire space below the aisle should be utilized by the lower compartment of the vertically arranged compartments, and the entire space above the aisle should be utilized by the upper compartment of the vertically arranged compartments. A portion of the space above and / or below the aisle can also be used for luggage compartments, preferably enclosed luggage compartments, which can be accessed from the aisle rather than from the compartments. Advantageously, luggage should not be transported to one of the compartments via stairs or ladders. Furthermore, it is possible to arrange the luggage compartments so that they can be accessed not only from the compartments but also from the aisle.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, compartments are arranged on both sides of the passageway, on the upper and lower floors respectively. It goes without saying that combinations of these arrangements can also be implemented within the carriage.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vehicle seating includes a bed and / or recliner extending at least partially in a section above or below the aisle. Specifically, the foot area of ​​the bed and / or recliner can be positioned below or above the aisle. Neither light nor a specific height or width is required for the foot area and, if necessary, the leg area of ​​the bed and / or recliner, although lighting in this area can enhance passenger comfort and / or a sense of security. The bed and / or recliner can be positioned below the aisle without sacrificing comfort and can be arranged laterally to the direction of travel. Even in an upper compartment, the bed can be positioned above the aisle, for example, laterally to or along the direction of travel. The vehicle seating can also be formed by a seat that can be converted into a bed and / or recliner. For example, a removable backrest and armrests can be provided, and / or the backrest can be pivoted rearward, pushed upward, or flipped. A reclining surface can be partially or completely formed by repositioning the seat and / or backrest.

[0018] In another design embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, the resting area for personnel has a smaller width in the foot area than in the head and shoulder areas. The resting area can be formed, for example, by a bed and / or a recliner. Even in the resting area where personnel are standing or sitting, a larger width can be provided for the abdomen or shoulder areas.

[0019] However, a resting area can also be located within a passageway, with at least one side wall of the passageway having one or more protrusions. These protrusions are configured such that the foot area within the passageway is narrower, while the shoulder and head areas are wider. The protrusions correspondingly provide more volumetric space on the partition side. Similar considerations apply to toilets, washrooms, shower rooms, and other spaces where people may rest.

[0020] In another design embodiment of the present invention, the following is provided: (a) The resting area includes beds and / or lounge chairs in a common plane above or below the passageway. (b) The foot area of ​​the bed and / or recliner is positioned above or below the passageway in this plane, and (c) The foot area of ​​the bed or recliner in the compartment on one side of the aisle is arranged behind or in front of the foot area of ​​the bed or recliner in the compartment on the other side of the aisle, along the direction of travel.

[0021] In this design of the invention, the areas above and below the passageway are utilized by the compartments on both sides of the passageway. For example, the leg area of ​​the bed or recliner below the passageway can extend from the right-hand compartment below the passageway, and then extend from the left-hand side behind it in the direction of travel. This arrangement allows for beds or recliners extending laterally to the direction of travel on both sides of the passageway. Needless to say, the beds or recliners can also be arranged at an angle.

[0022] In another embodiment of the invention, a luggage rack is provided above, below, or to the side of one or more vehicle seats. The luggage rack may comprise luggage compartments or an open luggage rack. The luggage rack is accessible from the compartment and / or from the aisle.

[0023] The compartments can be configured as multi-bed compartments. However, it is also possible to configure each compartment with only one bed or recliner. Additionally, it is possible to install seats and / or recliners in the sections along the aisle.

[0024] The vehicle can be equipped with one or more shower rooms, toilets, and washing facilities. In a comfortable layout, a shower room is included in the compartment.

[0025] By providing a common staircase for every two compartments, a particularly compact parking arrangement is achieved. The staircase can be positioned between the doors of two compartments, thus reducing the number of staircases to approximately half. The freed-up parking space can then be used for other applications.

[0026] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a wall with a protrusion is provided between compartments and / or between a compartment and a passageway. As explained above, the protrusion can be used for a wider shoulder area. However, the protrusion in the partition wall can also be used as part of the reclining surface of a recliner or bed. A protrusion is created on the other side. This protrusion preferably has a horizontal surface that can be used as a storage or seating facility. This variation is particularly advantageous if the horizontal surface can be used as a table or writing desk.

[0027] The purpose of the invention is further achieved by a compartment arrangement in a vehicle, the compartments being separated by walls of adjacent compartments and / or passageways, characterized in that the walls are provided with one or more protrusions. The protrusions provide more volume space in the compartment where needed, and reduce the volume space in adjacent compartments where it is not needed. The usable volume space is better utilized by the uneven walls.

[0028] This can be configured such that the protrusion extends across the entire width of the compartment. Such a protrusion can form a receiving portion for at least a portion of a bed or recliner with a sleeping space arranged above it. Alternatively, the protrusion can be used to receive technical equipment or as a luggage compartment layer.

[0029] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a backrest and / or armrests are arranged above a protrusion on the wall, and these backrests and / or armrests are movable downwards or upwards, thereby transforming the bed or recliner into a seating position. The backrests and / or armrests are particularly capable of being padded and / or ergonomically shaped and configured to be able to slide downwards or flip downwards. To provide a particularly high level of seating comfort, the bed or recliner can be pivoted outwards from a horizontal position. In particular, the bed or recliner can move vertically and / or pivot about a horizontal axis and can stop in that position, thereby obtaining an ergonomically advantageous seating position.

[0030] A particularly advantageous design of the invention features a protrusion spaced apart from the bottom, forming a luggage space or foot space in an adjacent compartment below the protrusion. Accordingly, the feet of a seated person can be placed below the protrusion.

[0031] A particular advantage is that the protrusion forms a raised area with a horizontal surface in adjacent compartments. This horizontal surface can be used as a storage surface. Furthermore, a plate can be provided above the protrusion, which can move to a horizontal position at least partially supported on the protrusion and can stop in that position. The protrusion can accommodate the weight of the plate. Larger plates can be used, for example, as dining or working tables.

[0032] An advantageous design of the invention features an inclined protrusion. This protrusion can abut against the vehicle's outer wall. Furthermore, it is possible to include a window in the vehicle's outer wall, arranged offset from the compartment wall along the direction of travel in the area of ​​the protrusion. This creates the impression of a larger compartment from the passenger's perspective.

[0033] Depending on the compartment size, in the case of narrow compartments, the walls can be offset outwards in the head area. This can be, for example, offset towards adjacent compartments, aisles, or other adjacent spaces. This provides more space in the head area to avoid a feeling of crampedness. Luggage racks can be installed on the other side of the offset wall above seats or recliners.

[0034] The purpose of the invention is further achieved by a vehicle seating arrangement in a herringbone configuration, comprising: (a) At least one channel in a plane, (b) Vehicle seats arranged in a herringbone pattern, which are accessible from the aisle.

[0035] A “herringbone arrangement” is understood to refer to any arrangement of vehicle seating in which the parallel seats are not oriented along or laterally to the direction of travel, but rather at an angle. Here, the angle formed by the seating direction (Sitzrichtung) and the aisle is always the same for seats arranged front-to-back along the direction of travel. Examples of this arrangement are described in detail, particularly in US7,523,888B2.

[0036] This invention provides the following: (c) Other vehicle seats are arranged in at least one other plane, and (d) A staircase or ladder is provided at the passageway to allow access to other vehicle seats.

[0037] In particular, it is possible to configure vehicle seating on other levels to be accessible via their own staircases or ladders. Alternatively, a common staircase or ladder can be provided for every two adjacent vehicle seatings on other levels. Then, every two adjacent vehicle seatings share the staircase or ladder. Thus, the vehicle seating is arranged in a double-level configuration without additional passageways or additional floor space. This allows for the transport of a larger number of passengers.

[0038] Advantageously, the vehicle seating is formed by seats that can be converted into reclining seats. The chevron arrangement and inclined seating direction allow entry not only in the seated position but also in the reclining position without obstructing adjacent passengers.

[0039] In one particularly comfortable design of the invention, the vehicle seats are separated from each other by walls, thereby achieving better privacy.

[0040] Advantageously, the vehicle seats are arranged vertically and horizontally offset from each other along a direction parallel to the aisle. This offset allows each passenger to have a wide view through the window, even if the pitch (i.e., the spacing) between identical components of two successive vehicle seats is small. The offset also allows for increased space for entry. Therefore, it is possible to set the pitch to be less than 120 cm, preferably in the range of 100-110 cm, and the offset to be less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, and most preferably less than 11 cm. Smaller pitches mean the ability to transport a particularly large number of people and are often pursued for economic reasons. The characteristics of the surface between the aisle and the vehicle seats, i.e., the characteristics of the area where doors may be arranged, provide ample width and height in the leg and head areas to allow people to enter the vehicle seats from the aisle.

[0041] A particularly advantageous design of the present invention provides that the headroom area for the vehicle seats in the seating position is located in a plane below the seat surface of the vehicle seat located above it. Thus, even if the vehicle height is relatively small, the vehicle seats can be arranged vertically relative to each other in different planes. Consequently, the vehicle volume space for the vehicle seats is divided such that it corresponds to the passenger's sitting and reclining positions, but unused volume space, such as the area below the seat surface, can be utilized in other ways.

[0042] Furthermore, it is possible to arrange the vehicle seats in the lower plane so that the legroom in the seating position is at least partially located beneath the stairs or ladders used for the vehicle seats in the upper plane, or to provide legroom allowing feet to move from the aisle to the seating position. Particularly advantageous is that the stairs or ladders have a ramp, extending into the aisle in the lower region and / or sloping towards the vehicle seats in the upper region. In this design, a portion of the aisle volume is used for the stairs or ladders and for the legroom in the vehicle seats. Conversely, the head and shoulder areas remain relatively wide, so the aisle does not feel cramped.

[0043] Advantageously, a luggage rack is provided below the lower vehicle seats, accessible from the aisle, the vehicle seat, or adjacent vehicle seats. From the aisle, the luggage rack can also be used by people not seated or reclining in the vehicle seats, for example, for luggage belonging to the vehicle or other passengers. Alternatively, the area below the lower vehicle seats can be accessed from the vehicle seats themselves, or from adjacent vehicle seats. The luggage rack is then personalized with the vehicle seats.

[0044] The purpose of the invention is further achieved by a rail vehicle having a large number of seats arranged in the layout described above. In particular, it is possible to configure the rail vehicle to include at least one car having a first section and a second section, the first section having a herringbone arrangement of seats and the second section having a seating arrangement with at least two levels.

[0045] Rail vehicle cars typically have bogies located in sections below the cars. In these bogie sections, there is usually insufficient remaining height to arrange compartments across two levels. Therefore, it is advantageous to arrange sections with a herringbone seating configuration at least partially above the bogies. Furthermore, it is possible to arrange sections with seating configurations of at least two levels outside the bogie area. In other words, a herringbone configuration can be used where the available volume space is reduced by the bogies, while double-layered compartments can be used in the remaining areas.

[0046] The purpose of the invention is further achieved by a rail vehicle consisting of multiple connected carriages, characterized in that... (a) The number of bogies is greater than the number of cars but less than twice the number of cars. (b) The transition section between adjacent cars is located outside the space above the intermediate space of the wheel axle of each bogie, and (c) At least one section has a double-layered area.

[0047] It is possible to suspend the car on at least one side of the adjacent car without its own bogie.

[0048] An advantageous design of the invention includes a first section and a second section arranged in a car body, the car body being suspended on at least one side from an adjacent car body without its own bogie. The car body with the first and second sections can have at least one vehicle entrance in the form of an external door, and at least one of the adjacent car bodies does not have an external door. The volumetric space provided for the area at the external door can then be used for other vehicle seating.

[0049] Advantageously, the carriages with first and second sections include wheelchair-friendly areas with wheelchair-friendly toilets and wheelchair-friendly seating. These areas are conveniently located near the outer doors and easily accessible.

[0050] This invention demonstrates how to advantageously implement a passenger car unit with a single-level herringbone section and a double-level compartment section. In principle, this is feasible if the herringbone section is arranged above the bogie and the compartment section is arranged between it. In conventional passenger cars with two bogies at both ends, for example, the entrance can be arranged between the bogie and the end of the car.

[0051] Advantageously, the passenger car is designed to be as wide as possible. In conventional seated cars, the extra width usually doesn't accommodate many more passengers. Passenger capacity is determined by density, which is given by the spacing between seats. Additional seats in rows are associated with a loss of comfort. The chevron arrangement allows for a change in tilt angle, thus reducing the pitch with a wider car and therefore achieving a greater seating density while maintaining the same level of comfort. The staggered arrangement of transverse berths in the bunk beds allows for a smaller pitch in a wider car and thus allows for higher density with the same volume and comfort per passenger.

[0052] Advantageously, the invention incorporates short cars, which, despite their greater width, do not violate a pre-defined clearance profile due to the smaller chord length in track curves. In conventional passenger cars with two bogies at each end and for the same train length, short cars mean a greater overall number of bogies per train. Since bogies and their complex, safety-related moving parts constitute a significant cost factor, a greater number leads to higher costs for train manufacturing and maintenance. To avoid this, bogies known as "Jacob bogies" are known, which are suspended between cars. Accordingly, two different types of bogies exist in the car unit, and using both types simultaneously is associated with higher costs.

[0053] Therefore, in an advantageous design of the invention, short double-decker cars with single or double-sided suspension are used. The shorter cars maximize the car width. The overall number of bogies is reduced through the suspension of adjacent cars. Since all bogies are positioned entirely beneath their respective cars, all bogies can be structurally identical. Because there are no publicly accessible stairwell areas, the relative loss of volumetric space due to the shorter double-decker area is minimal.

[0054] In an advantageous design of the invention, two identical end cars, each with two bogies, and a middle car without bogies are provided. The identical end cars can be implemented in a shorter length. All cars are connected to each other via car transition sections. Advantageously, a double-layered area can be provided in each car.

[0055] In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, an intermediate car with two bogies is provided, with identical end cars, each with only one bogie, suspended on either side. The end cars can be implemented in a shorter manner. All cars are connected to each other via car transition sections. Advantageously, a double-layered area can be provided in each car.

[0056] Advantageously, multiple end cars with bogies that are almost identical in structure can be directly connected to each other front and rear, wherein there are particularly few different components in the area of ​​the car transition section.

[0057] Advantageously, the entire night train car unit is reduced to two different car types, instead of up to five types as is common in known trains. Advantageously, the end cars contain a herringbone section above the bogies and double-decker sleeping compartments located within it. The middle cars contain a wheelchair-friendly PRM area, a café / pub / reception area, and all special compartments not included in the end cars. For example, it is possible to set up four-bed compartments or large deluxe compartments accessible from the side aisles.

[0058] In a particularly advantageous design of the invention, doors are provided only in the middle carriage, where the entrance area also forms a transition from the lateral passageway to the middle passageway. This maximizes the number of seats in the end carriages.

[0059] In a particularly advantageous design of the invention, a raised seating area and / or bed is provided in the area above the vehicle door, where, in the case of limited clearance and flat-ground entry, this area is insufficient as an upper floor for standing. Here, the volume space above the vehicle door (which, in the case of limited clearance and flat-ground entry, is insufficient as an upper floor for standing) is used as a raised seating area or bed belonging to a larger compartment.

[0060] The result is a compact, fully independent night train car unit with many necessary and comfort features. This is roughly equivalent to the length of two to two and a half conventional passenger cars. Trains can be assembled from a large number of these car units, for example, 4-8. The number of units can be adapted to different destinations or times as needed. However, all features and compartment types remain available in the same proportion. At the same time, the number of different car types is minimized. For backup, only one car unit needs to be provided at the originating station to fully compensate for individual car failures. This improves operational robustness. The probability of spare cars being available is high. Due to the smaller number of required spare cars, the cost is lower.

[0061] The invention also relates to a door that reliably separates a compartment from the passageway in a vehicle. This is necessary to provide, for example, privacy for vehicle seats, security for passengers while sleeping, and to prevent theft of items.

[0062] Specifically, in the case of a herringbone arrangement, the clear space of the passageway has different widths, depending on the height of the plane being observed. The passageway is narrower in the lower region and wider in the upper region. If the clear space is to be utilized optimally, there is no common plane along the passageway for sliding doors.

[0063] According to the present invention, good privacy is achieved by utilizing a compartment in a vehicle having at least one vehicle seat, the compartment comprising: (a) One or more sidewalls, and (b) An entrance that can be enclosed by a door, Its features are, (c) The sidewalls are part of a rotationally symmetric shape, and (d) The door has at least one door leaf, which is also part of a rotationally symmetric shape.

[0064] Thus, the sidewalls are formed, for example, by a cylindrical shape that extends within a limited angular range. Different radii can exist in different planes, thus forming, for example, the shape of an enlarged corner segment of a milk jug or vase. In general, the shape of the door can also be described as largely consisting of a main body, with the cross-section intersecting the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation forming annular sectors, wherein the inner radius, outer radius, central angle, and starting angle can vary depending on the plane, but the center point of the annular sector always lies on the central axis of rotation. The corner segments of the sidewalls can be particularly less than 180 degrees, for example, 120 degrees. In the remaining angular range not obstructed by the sidewalls, the bed extends beyond the circumference. Adjacent compartments or passageways can extend into the area of ​​the circumference.

[0065] Such compartments, especially single-person compartments, are very well applied in stacked herringbone layouts. In particular, it is possible to arrange two vehicle seats arranged vertically within the compartment. These two vehicle seats can then utilize the same sidewall. This allows for low-cost manufacturing.

[0066] In another design embodiment of the invention, the sidewall has at least one segment with a radius different from the radius of the rest of the sidewall, and at least one door leaf is adapted to the radius of the sidewall segment. In the transition region between segments, the sidewall has an increased or decreased radius. Thus, the sidewall has an enlarged basic shape resembling a milk can.

[0067] These doors do not touch or encroach on the clearance space of the passageway when they are open, closed, or in an intermediate position between open and closed. These doors do not damage the interior of the micro-compartments. Consequently, passengers in the compartments will not obstruct the opening of the doors, for example, due to body parts or luggage.

[0068] In the closed state, additional space is provided to maintain access to adjacent cabins. This space can be used, for example, for stairs or ladders leading to the upper compartment. When the vehicle seats are configured as seating, the doors surround the seats and are optimally adapted to their shape. This results in high-density seating and thus good economy. Protrusions and recesses can be provided at appropriate locations for headroom, footwell, or entry.

[0069] In one design of the invention, two door panels are provided. Alternatively, only one door panel can be used. The door panel rotates about the central axis of the sidewall and can be guided in a guide. The vehicle seating can be formed by a seat that can be converted into a bed or recliner. The seat then extends circumferentially beyond the sidewall. Additionally, a separate panel can be provided at the door panel. The connection between the door panel and the movable panel is preferably in a straight line. The entrance can also be irregularly designed and adapted to the application when needed. The angle of the opening area in the upper region can, for example, be larger than that in the lower region, or recesses or protrusions can be provided for feet or head / torso when people enter or exit.

[0070] The design scheme of this invention is the subject of the dependent claims. Embodiments of the invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] definition.

[0072] All concepts in this specification and the appended claims have the meanings familiar to those skilled in the art, as set forth in professional literature, standards, and related websites and publications (especially dictionary resources), such as www.Wikipedia.de, www.wissen.de, or in the context of competitors, research institutions, universities, and associations. In particular, the concepts used do not have the opposite meaning to that understood by those skilled in the art from the aforementioned publications. Attached Figure Description

[0073] in: Figure 1 A schematic cross-section of a train carriage with a central aisle and lateral compartments is shown according to the first embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic cross-section of a train carriage with a central aisle and lateral compartments is shown according to the second embodiment; Figure 3 Showing from Figure 1 A cross-section of the carriage with details of an exemplary configuration; Figure 4 Showing from Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of the carriage without its outer walls; Figure 5 The horizontal section plane in the upper area of ​​the lower compartment shows the view from Figure 3 The relative of the carriage Figure 4 A sectional three-dimensional view; Figure 6 A horizontal section plane from the lower compartment bed area below the central aisle shows the... Figure 3 The relative of the carriage Figure 4 and Figure 5 3D diagrams with different cross-sections, Figure 7 The section plane along the upper compartment shows the view from Figure 3 A top-down view of the interior configuration of the carriage; Figure 8 Compared to the bottom of the upper compartment Figure 7 The section plane slightly lower than the section plane shows the passage from Figure 3 Top view and longitudinal section of the carriage; Figure 9 Compared to the area above the lower compartment Figure 8 The slightly lower intermediate section plane in the middle section shows the origin from the section plane. Figure 3 Top view and longitudinal section of the carriage; Figure 10 The lower section plane in the bed area of ​​the lower compartment below the central aisle shows the... Figure 3 A longitudinal sectional view of the carriage; Figure 11 With and from Figure 3 The cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the direction of travel of the carriage shows different isometric views; Figures 12a)-d) show cross-sections of the partition wall between adjacent compartments with protrusions and different application feasibility; Figure 12e Figure 12a)-d) shows a top view of a single-person compartment; Figure 13 An isometric view of a compartment with a partition wall from Figure 12 is shown, the partition wall having vehicle seats in the form of seats, wherein the backrest and bed are tilted in a seated state with the armrests flipped out or in, and the backrest and bed are tilted in a bed state. Figure 14 A stereoscopic view shows the source Figure 13 The layout structure, in which, in part, is shown, a compartment with two or three sleeping seats; Figure 15 A perspective view of the compartments in the upper level, which includes a seating option, a shower room, and a large bed, is shown. Figure 16 A perspective view shows a single compartment in the lower level with an additional luggage compartment, as well as a compartment with two lower bunks and an additional high bunk. Figure 17 according to Figure 15 A top view of the compartments on the upper level is shown; Figure 18 Showing from Figure 17 The first variant of the compartment features facing seats by the window and an internal shower room; Figure 19 Showing from Figure 17 A second variation of the compartment features facing seats by the window, an externally located shower, and a slightly angled bed. Figure 20 Showing from Figure 17 The third variation of the compartment is a single-person compartment with a longitudinal partition wall above the passageway; Figure 21a ) shows from Figure 17 The fourth variation of the compartment, in which, from Figure 20 single cubicles and from Figure 17 The two-person compartments are located in different sections of the vehicle; Figure 21b ) shows from Figure 17 The eighth variation of the compartment, in which, from Figure 20 single cubicles and from Figure 18 The two-person compartments are located in different sections of the vehicle; Figure 22 Showing from Figure 17 The fifth variation of the compartment features beds arranged in alternating directions and equipped with foldable chairs; Figure 23 Showing from Figure 17 The sixth variant of the compartment, in which the lying position on the bed extends along the direction of travel, and there are cutouts in the corners of the bed in some places; Figure 24 Showing from Figure 17 The seventh variation of the compartment features a slanted bed with a wide chair. Figure 25 according to Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the compartments in the lower level is shown; Figure 26 It shows a wider compartment from Figure 25 The first variant of the compartments features a slanted arrangement of the beds, which allows for a reduction in vehicle width or an increase in bed length without requiring the beds to extend into adjacent compartments. Figure 27 Showing from Figure 25 A second variant of the compartment has a single compartment that can be converted into a double compartment, different seats in night or day mode, and different partition states for forming a double compartment or a single compartment. Figure 28a The diagram shows an isometric view of a vehicle section that has no upper level but has compartments in the lower level and a central aisle partially above the lower level. The vehicle section is a high-rise car with a small usable cross-section for passenger space. Figure 28b ) shows from Figure 28a The cross-section of the vehicle section; Figure 28c ) shows from Figure 28a A schematic top view of the vehicle section; Figure 28d The compartment configuration is shown in cross-section and two associated longitudinal sectional views. The compartment has a lower level and a middle aisle, but no upper level. The available cross-section for passenger space is a small car, which is represented here as an elevated car with a narrow and sloping bed in the compartment. Figure 29 according to Figure 2 The illustration shows a compartment configuration in the upper level for a carriage with a smaller cross-section; Figure 30 according to Figure 2 A variant configuration for compartments for one or two people is shown in the lower level of the carriage, which has a smaller cross-section. Figure 31 according to Figure 2 The illustration shows a compartment configuration with a small cross-section, which includes seats that can be converted into beds; Figure 32 The illustration shows a compartment configuration for a carriage with a very small cross-section or for buses, airplanes, or narrow ships; Figure 33 Showing from Figure 32 The first variant of the configuration, wherein the seating direction on one side of the vehicle is opposite to the seating direction on the other side of the vehicle; Figure 34 Showing from Figure 32 The second variant of the configuration, in which the seating orientation is the same on both sides of the vehicle; Figure 35 The vehicle seating is schematically shown along an aisle arranged in a stacked herringbone pattern, with the seating orientation facing outwards and ladders for accessing the upper seats arranged along the central aisle. Figure 36 Showing from Figure 35 A variant of the layout structure, wherein the seating direction is oriented outwards, and the ladders for reaching the upper seats are arranged along the inclined axis of the vehicle seats; Figure 37 Showing from Figure 35 A second variation of the arrangement structure, wherein the seating direction is oriented toward the central aisle, and the seats between the planes are offset to provide space for the entry of the upper and lower seats; Figure 38A top view along the seating direction and two cross-sections show the... Figure 36 Detailed diagrams of an arrangement structure with an exemplary configuration, one cross-section showing a vehicle seat in a seated state and another cross-section showing a vehicle seat in a reclining state; Figure 39 The section direction along the seating direction shows the cutting direction from Figure 36 A three-dimensional view of the layout structure, in which the vehicle seats are set to the seated position; Figure 40 Showing from Figure 39 Another perspective view of the layout, in which the vehicle seats are set in a reclining position and the doors are closed; Figure 41 The section shown is transverse to the seating direction and originates from... Figure 36 A three-dimensional view of the layout structure, in which the vehicle seats are set to the seated position; Figure 42 A cross-section along the seating direction is shown from... Figure 39 Another view of the arrangement structure, wherein the cross section is relative to Figure 39 In the opposite direction; Figure 43 The vehicle seats, in a reclining position, were shown to be from... Figure 42 Another view of the layout structure; Figure 44 From the passage, slightly above, it is shown that... Figure 36 A three-dimensional side view of the layout structure, in which the vehicle seats are set to the seated position; Figure 45 The exterior shows a view without exterior walls and windows. Figure 36 A side view of the layout structure, in which the vehicle seats are set to the seated position; Figure 46 Shown from the outside and slightly above Figure 36 A side view of the layout, in which the vehicle seats are set in a reclining position and the doors are closed; Figure 47 The horizontal section plane shows the source Figure 36 Another perspective view of the arrangement structure, wherein the horizontal cutting plane is located slightly above the seat surface of the lower vehicle seat in the seated position. Figure 48 The horizontal section plane shows the source Figure 36 Another perspective view of the arrangement structure, wherein the horizontal cutting plane is aligned with... Figure 47 It is higher, located slightly above the armrest, where the vehicle seats are in a seated position; Figure 49 With Figure 38 The same horizontal section shows from Figure 36 Another perspective view of the layout, but the vehicle seats are in a reclining position and the doors are closed; Figure 50 A horizontal section plane from the head area of ​​the lower vehicle seat or the foot area of ​​the upper vehicle seat shows the... Figure 36 Another perspective view of the layout structure, which shows the division of the plane in the area for the head area for the lower vehicle seats and the foot area for the upper seats, including the access possibilities from the ladder to the upper seats. Figure 51 The horizontal section plane above the armrest of the upper vehicle seat shows the view from Figure 36 Another perspective view of the layout, in which the vehicle seats are in a seated position; Figure 52 Showing from Figure 51 Another perspective view of the layout, in which the vehicle seats are in a reclining position; Figure 53 Showing from Figure 36 A top view of the layout structure, in which vehicle seats are arranged on both sides of the central aisle, and luggage racks are arranged above the aisle, which are accessible to the vehicles above the seats. Figure 54 A cross-section along the central axis of the vehicle seats is shown from... Figure 53 Another three-dimensional view of the layout structure; Figure 55 A cross-section of a complete carriage unit consisting of a single passenger car is shown, in which different compartments and vehicle seats are combined with other functions, wherein the area with the upper floor is shown separately. Figure 56 A cross-section along the central axis of the vehicle seats is shown from... Figure 55 Another three-dimensional view of the layout structure; Figure 57 The horizontal cross-section of a complete carriage unit is shown, which consists of two identical end carriages (each end carriage having two bogies) and a suspended intermediate carriage (the intermediate carriage having no bogies). In the carriage unit, different compartments and vehicle seats are combined with other functions, and the area with the upper floor is shown separately. Figure 58 Showing from Figure 57 The vertical cross-section of the carriage; Figure 59 The horizontal cross-section of a complete carriage unit is shown; the carriage unit consists of two identical end carriages, each with a bogie. Figure 60 Showing from Figure 59 The vertical cross-section of the carriage; Figure 61 The horizontal cross-section of a complete car unit is shown, which consists of four end cars, each with a bogie. Figure 62 Showing from Figure 61 The vertical cross-section of the carriage; Figure 63 A schematic top view of two coupled double-decker passenger cars in a track curve is shown based on existing technology. Figure 64 Showing from Figure 57 A top-down view of the vehicle; Figure 65 Showing from Figure 59 A top-down view of the vehicle; Figure 66a) shows an isometric view of the entrance area of ​​a passenger car, in which there is a large compartment on the upper level above the entrance area. This large compartment does not have a standing area in the area above the entrance, but has a raised seating area and / or a bed. Figure 66b) shows an isometric view of the lower floor of the vehicle area from Figure 66a); Figure 66c Figure 66a) shows a schematic top view of the vehicle area. Figure 66d Figure 66b) shows a schematic top view of the vehicle area. Figure 67 A schematic cross-section of a vehicle with a two-tiered layout is shown, featuring a central aisle and micro-compartments on either side. Figure 68 A schematic top view of a miniature cubicle with a bed is shown; Figure 69a ) shows the use of from Figure 68 A life-size diagram of the door to a miniature compartment, with the door open; Figure 69b ) shows from Figure 69a The layout structure is such that the door is partially closed; Figure 69c ) shows from Figure 69a The layout structure is such that the door is closed; Figure 70a A schematic, life-size view of the door for opening the micro-compartment is shown; Figure 70b ) shows from Figure 70a The layout structure is such that the door is partially closed; Figure 70c ) shows from Figure 70a The layout structure is such that the door is closed; Figure 71 A schematic top view shows a plurality of micro-compartments arranged in a double-layered structure with herringbone seating on the upper level. Figure 72 A three-dimensional top view shows a row of micro-compartments arranged in a double-layered structure, with herringbone seating. Figure 73 The data shown above is based on Figure 72 A three-dimensional image. Detailed Implementation

[0074] First embodiment ( Figure 1 , 3 -27).

[0075] Figure 1 A cross-section of a railway car, generally designated 12, is shown. The railway car 12 has a shell 10 that defines a volumetric space available for the transport of people. This type of car 12 is well-known and therefore does not require further description here.

[0076] The railway car is elongated and has a central aisle 14. In this embodiment, the central aisle 14 extends along the entire length of the car 12. The central aisle 14 has a bottom 16, side walls 18, and a top plate 20. Passenger compartments 22 and 24 extend on both sides of the central aisle 14. Compartments 22 and 24 are distributed on two levels, namely the upper level (Oberdeck) 26 and the lower level (Unterdeck) 28. The lower level 28 has a bottom 30 that extends below the bottom 16 of the central aisle 14. The upper level 26 has a bottom 32 that extends above the bottom 16 of the central aisle. A staircase 34 is arranged between the central aisle 14 and the compartment 22 of the lower level 28. A staircase 36 is arranged between the central aisle 14 and the compartment 24 of the upper level 26. Because it does not need to traverse the entire height of the level, staircases 34 and 36 are relatively short, and the number of steps leading to the upper and lower levels can differ. In this way, the available volumetric space is utilized effectively. In this embodiment, three steps are provided facing downwards, and six to eight steps are provided facing upwards. The staircase 36 leading to the upper level can have vehicle windows or other outward openings that can be used as emergency exits. Needless to say, ladders, ramps, or elevators can also be used to cross the height difference.

[0077] In the upper level 26, compartment 24 is located in the middle aisle 14 via lateral section 38. Figure 1The middle section 40 extends laterally above the middle passage 14 (located on the right side). The lower section 28 contains compartment 22 extending laterally above the middle passage 14 via a section 42. Figure 1 The middle section 40 extends laterally (located on the left side) and extends below the middle channel 14 below the lower section 44. In this embodiment, section 40 also extends above the lower layer 28.

[0078] Figures 3 to 17 Exemplary configurations for compartments 22 and 24 in carriage 12 are shown. It goes without saying that different configurations can be chosen, depending on the desired level of comfort, the number of passengers to be transported, and / or the available funds for that configuration. Adaptation to, for example, regional travel habits and daily routines can also be considered when configuring the compartments.

[0079] The central aisle 14 in carriage 12 extends along its entire length and is equipped with multiple ascending staircases 36 and descending staircases 34. This is in Figure 3 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 This is clearly visible. The descending portion 34 of the staircase leading to compartment 22 on the lower level 28 is formed by two steps within compartment 22. The ascending portion 36 of the staircase leading to compartment 24 on the upper level 26 has more steps. In this embodiment, each compartment 22 on the lower level 28 has its own descending portion 34 of staircase. This is evident in... Figure 5 This is clearly visible in the text. Each pair of adjacent compartments 24 on the upper level 26 is accessible via a common ascending staircase 36. The ascending staircase 36 is therefore located outside the compartments 24. This is in… Figure 4 This can be clearly seen in the text.

[0080] Side wall 18 separates the central passage 14 from compartments 22 and 24. Side wall 18 is not flat, but has a protrusion in the form of a shoulder 46. Above the shoulder 46, i.e., in the head and torso region, the central passage 14 has a greater width than in the leg and foot region. This is in Figure 3 This is clearly visible in the middle. Through the shoulder 46, the dwelling volume space in the middle channel 14 is reduced, while the dwelling volume space in the adjacent compartments 22 and 24 is increased.

[0081] A luggage compartment 48 is embedded in the upper area of ​​the side wall 18, and the luggage compartment can be equipped with a closable flap. The flap is located in the plane of the upper part of the side wall 18. Therefore, luggage does not need to be carried to the compartment 24, but can be stored there from the central aisle 14. The luggage compartment 48 extends into the area of ​​the compartment 24 in the upper layer 26. The volume space occupied by the luggage compartment is located below the seat 50. This is in Figure 3 This is clearly visible in the design. According to the design, the luggage compartment 48 can be equipped with an additional flap, which can be accessed from the compartment 24.

[0082] The upper compartment 26, specifically compartment 24, each has two seats 50. The seats face the window. The space in front of the seats 50 is relatively high, allowing people to stand. This... Figure 3 This is clearly evident in the design. In this embodiment, two seats 50 are provided in each compartment 24 of the upper layer 26. It goes without saying that more or fewer seats can be provided, and the seats can occupy different orientations, which is... Figure 17-24 As exemplarily shown, section 40 of compartment 24 extends above the central aisle 14 and above compartment 22 on the other side of the central aisle 14. The height of section 40 is lower than that of section 38. A wide bed 52 for two people is arranged in this section. It goes without saying that it is also feasible to arrange two single beds side by side.

[0083] The compartments 24 in the upper level 26 are arranged alternately in pairs. In two adjacent compartments, berths 52 are arranged on one side of the carriage 12, and in the next two adjacent compartments on the other side. This is... Figure 4 This is clearly visible in the text. Accordingly, the staircase ascending section 36 provided for these adjacent compartments first branches off on one side of the central passageway 14, and then the staircase ascending section 36 branches off on the other side of the central passageway 14.

[0084] The alternating arrangement provides space for shower rooms 54, such as those with toilets, sinks, and / or showers. The shower rooms 54 in the upper 26 are always located on the side of the lateral section 38 of each compartment, away from the staircase ascending section 36, and also have sufficient standing height. This alternating design allows for easy access to the shower rooms from the lateral section 38. Every two shower rooms are located in the same area along the longitudinal direction. This means that there is always an associated staircase ascending section 36 or an associated shower room between two compartments in the upper 26. This... Figure 7 This is clearly visible in the diagram. In this embodiment, the shower room 54 is separated from the other compartments by doors.

[0085] In this embodiment, the shower room 54 is provided with a protrusion 56 in the bathroom area. Figure 3 The protrusion 56 extends beneath the bed 52 in the adjacent compartment 24.

[0086] In this embodiment, the seats 50 are arranged adjacent to each other and facing opposite windows. A table 78 is provided between these seats. The space beneath the table 78 and the space beneath the washbasin 80 in the shower room 54 form the upper portion (head area) of the descending section 34 located below it. This is in Figure 11 and Figure 15 This can be seen from the text.

[0087] Figure 18-24 A variation of the arrangement described in detail above is shown, which arrangement... Figure 17 China and Israel Figure 18-24 The variant shown is at the same scale. The cutting plane is at the same height in all figures. Figure 18 In the variant shown, the seats 58 are positioned opposite each other near the window. The shower room 55, which has no window, is located inside. Figure 19 A variant is shown in which the arrangement of bed 60 is slightly altered, and the bed is now arranged at an angle, so that the shower room 57 remains outside. Figure 20 A variation of the upper-level compartment division is shown, in which single compartments are arranged side by side. A central wall 59 evenly divides the area above the passageway 14 into compartments. Each compartment has its own shower 61 and its own seat 63, which faces the window. A single bed 65 extends above the passageway. The foot area of ​​the bed 65 is slightly narrower and positioned behind the seat 63. The remaining area of ​​the bed 63 is slightly wider. It goes without saying that different compartments, for example... Figure 17 The double compartment shown in the image and Figure 20 The single-person compartments shown can be combined into one carriage. This is an example in... Figure 21a As shown in (). Figure 18 The double compartment shown in the image and Figure 20 The combination of single-person compartments shown in the example is in Figure 21b As explained in ( ).

[0088] Figure 22 The diagram shows an arrangement of double-person compartments, where the beds 67 are arranged in alternating directions, rather than, for example, like... Figure 17 The beds are arranged in pairs, alternating as in the middle. A wide, two-part double seat 69 is positioned in front of the bed 67. The backrest 71 of the double seat 69 is also constructed in two parts, and each part of the backrest 71 can be flipped up independently. The flipped backrest 71 forms part of the bed 67. Two external shower stalls 73 are arranged on the side of the bed 67 opposite the double seat 69; they belong to adjacent compartments.

[0089] Figure 23 A variant of the upper compartment is shown, in which the bed 75 extends in the direction of travel. The bed 75 is slightly narrower in the foot area and provides space for an externally located shower 77. Similar to... Figure 22 In the middle, a double seat 79 is arranged on the side away from the shower room.

[0090] The orientation of bed 81 does not need to be precisely set laterally or longitudinally to the direction of travel. Figure 24A variation of the upper-level compartments is shown, in which the bed is arranged at an angle. Shower room 83 is located in a wedge-shaped area between the outer wall and the bed.

[0091] The lower compartment 28 has a different layout than the upper compartment 26. This is in Figure 5 and 6 China and Figure 10 , 11 This is clearly evident in section 25. Instead of the large bed 52, a compartment 64 with only one single bed 68 is provided, or a compartment 66 with two separate beds 62 is provided. In the compartment 66 with two separate beds 62, the steps of the descending section 34 are arranged between the beds 62. In the compartment 64 with only one bed 68, the steps of the descending section 34 are arranged next to the bed.

[0092] In this embodiment, beds 62 and 68 extend laterally to the direction of travel. It goes without saying that other directions can also be specified, such as an inclined direction or along the direction of travel. This is in Figure 26 This is illustrated by example. Figure 26 In the arrangement shown, the bed 87 is arranged at an angle. Figure 26 The number of beds in the middle is 87 compared to Figure 25 Beds 62 and 68 are slightly longer and staggered less below aisle 14. The compartments are slightly wider in this variant.

[0093] Figure 27 The arrangement of the beds is shown, in which two adjacent single compartments 22 on the lower level are separated from each other by an inwardly folding partition 99, each compartment having an entrance via a door 103. The remaining partitions 108 are fixed. This arrangement allows the compartment sizes to be adapted to specific needs. For compartments that can be combined, the footwell 101 can be arranged at different heights. The passenger seats can be configured as seating seats 105 with backrests and armrests or as reclining chairs. Thus, the armrests and backrests are in the nighttime state 107. The staircase leading to the upper level is marked 109.

[0094] In the illustrated embodiment, the head portion 70 of each bed 62 and 68 in the lower layer ( Figure 6 The foot section 72 of each bed 62 and 68 is positioned on the side opposite the window, below the passageway 14. The foot section 72 has a narrower width than the head section 70. An intermediate space 92 is provided between the foot section 72 and the staircase 34 to facilitate access to the bed 62. This is... Figure 14 This is clearly visible in the image. The foot sections 72 of the beds from the opposing compartments on the lower level 28 alternately interweave in the area below the passageway 14, extending respectively to the area below the steps of the descending section 34 of the staircase to the opposing compartment. This is in... Figure 6 This is clearly visible in the text. The shape of the wall 74 between the compartments is adapted to the shape of beds 62 and 68. Other beds 86 are arranged above beds 68 in the compartment 22 along the direction of travel. This is... Figure 8 and Figure 16 It is clearly visible in the image. Bed 86 is accessible via ladder 88.

[0095] Each compartment 22 and 24 is equipped with storage space for luggage, etc. Storage space 76 is located in compartment 24 of the upper level 26. Figure 15 This is clearly visible. In this embodiment, the storage space 76 is located between the walls of the two shower rooms 54 and is divided into upper and lower sections by storage shelves. This storage space is located next to the bed 52.

[0096] In the lower compartment 22, a luggage rack 82 is arranged above beds 62 and 68. This is... Figure 16 This is clearly visible. Other luggage racks 84 are located in the upper area of ​​compartment 22. In addition to luggage racks 82 and 84 and luggage compartment 48, there is a larger luggage compartment 90 located below bed 52 in compartment 24 and above compartment 22, which has only one bed 62. This luggage compartment is positioned at the same height as the upper bed 86 in compartment 22, which is also located below bed 52. Luggage compartment 90 is constructed as a lockable compartment and is only accessible from passageway 14. This is in Figure 8 This is clearly visible in the middle. A handle 94 is also provided in the lower compartment 22.

[0097] Figure 12 to Figure 14 This illustrates how the compartments 22 of the lower level 28 are staggered. Figure 12 schematically illustrates a single compartment with a bed 62 that can be converted into a seat. In Figure 12a, the armrests and backrest 96 are in the lower seated position. The seat surface is slightly pivoted upwards.

[0098] The wall 98 has a protrusion 100 that extends into the area of ​​an adjacent compartment on the same side of the carriage. As can be seen in Figure 12a), the legs of a seated person can be placed under this protrusion. Opposite the seated position, a screen 97, such as a multimedia screen, can be mounted on the wall 98. Figure 12b) shows that the space between the wall 98 and the seat surface 104 in the area of ​​the protrusion 100 is sufficient for a person 102 to stand in front of the seat. A folding table 106 is fixed to the wall 98, which is supported by the horizontal portion of the wall 98 in the area of ​​the protrusion when in a downward-folded state. Alternatively, the folding table can be fixed or embedded in the lower area of ​​the wall 98. Here, the folding table can be flipped upward or pushed upward to a horizontal position, and it can also be flipped downward. This is shown in Figure 12c). According to a specific embodiment, a multimedia screen 97 can be fixed to the wall 98.

[0099] To convert the seat into a bed 62, the backrest 96 can be pushed upwards or flipped upwards and locked there. The seat surface is then pivoted to a horizontal position. This... Figure 12d As shown in Figure 12b), the protrusion 100 also provides sufficient space for the wider upper body of the person. In the upper region, a luggage rack 82 is provided above the seat. The luggage rack 82 is positioned in a wall section that is offset inward at head height. This offset 111 provides more space in the head area of ​​a standing person in the adjacent compartment. This is clearly visible in Figure 12b).

[0100] A sloping protrusion 113 is provided between the partition wall 98 and the vehicle window 115. The protrusion 113 creates a larger compartment space. Figure 12e As shown in (). Figure 12e The diagram shows a top view of a single-seat compartment. It schematically illustrates the seated passenger and their view through vehicle window 115. The protrusion between the compartment wall and the vehicle wall allows the window to be further recessed into the recess along the vehicle's outer wall in the line of sight. This, in turn, allows for a longer view along the passenger's line of sight. This simulates the passenger's field of vision achieved with a larger compartment window, and correspondingly improves comfort.

[0101] The vehicle window 115 is offset into the protrusion 113. This allows the passenger 102 to look into the distance along the seating direction. From the passenger's perspective, the vehicle window defined by lines of sight 117 and 123 is equivalent to the window of a larger compartment vehicle.

[0102] The protrusion 119, located behind the passenger's seat, reduces the passenger's rearward field of vision relative to their seating direction. This has almost no impact on the spatial effect. This is only noticeable when the passenger turns their head approximately 90 degrees towards the window. The protrusion itself is angled. This roughly corresponds to the angle of the line of sight 117 from the passenger 102 to the outermost point 121 of the window.

[0103] The multimedia screen 97 can be installed on the wall 98 directly in front of the passengers. The screen can also be perceived as a window. This has a positive impact on the spatial effect.

[0104] Second embodiment ( Figure 2 28-31).

[0105] Figure 2 An embodiment with carriage 112, described in detail below, is shown. Figure 1 In comparison, the height and width of this carriage are smaller. In this embodiment, an eccentrically arranged passageway 114 is provided. Correspondingly, one of the lateral compartments 122 (in...) Figure 2The central compartment (located on the left) is narrower and has a different configuration compared to another lateral compartment 124, which has a larger width. Figures 29 to 31 It shows the relationship with Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows an embodiment with a smaller volume space corresponding to the cross-section.

[0106] Figure 28 shows the data from... Figure 2 An alternative design to the embodiment is provided, wherein the channel is centrally located. Figure 28a The diagram illustrates a vehicle section having compartments in the lower level and a central aisle partially above them, but no upper level. This vehicle section is used for passenger compartments with a small usable cross-section. In this embodiment, it is an elevated compartment. Figure 28a Different sectional views are shown in d) to d) illustrating the interior configuration. The illustrated embodiment includes multiple single-person, double-person, or triple-person compartments, as well as a central aisle and an emergency exit, which will be described in detail below.

[0107] Figure 28a Figures 28d to 28d show cross-sections of the alternative compartments 222 and 224 lateral to the central aisle 214. Additionally, two horizontal sections are shown, one located in a plane slightly below the longitudinal aisle, and the other in a higher plane slightly above the alternative upper bunk 286. In these embodiments, no upper layer is provided above the central aisle or above the lower compartments lateral to the central aisle.

[0108] Compartments 222 and 224 are equipped with sleeping seats 226 and 228 extending below aisle 214. Sleeping seat 226 is part of a multi-bed compartment. Sleeping seat 228 is part of a single-bed compartment. All sleeping seats 226 and 228 have a foot area with a smaller diameter than the rest of the area. This foot area 272 is located below aisle 214. Figure 28a As can be clearly seen in (d), the sleeping seats separated by the partition wall 230 are staggered in the area below the aisle 214. In this way, even when the width of the carriage 212 is small, the sleeping seats can be arranged substantially laterally to the direction of travel.

[0109] In the area of ​​the beds, the partition walls have protrusions 200 to widen the space directly above the beds and allow for more comfortable beds and / or higher partition density while maintaining similar comfort levels. Next to the sleeping seats 226 and 228 are spaces 232 for standing and for stairs 234, respectively. Spaces 232 lead to a central passageway via partition doors 203.

[0110] The bed and seat can be converted into each other. In the lower position, together with the space 272 under the central aisle, it forms a bed 222 in a single-bed compartment or a bed 224 in a multi-bed compartment. In the upper position, it forms a seat 204 together with a backrest. The backrest can move between a daytime state 295 and a nighttime state 296. The daytime state 295 allows for comfortable and ergonomic seating. The nighttime state 296 forms a wider bed with more space above it.

[0111] A luggage rack 282 is provided in the upper area of ​​the compartment. Multimedia facilities, such as a screen 97 for work or relaxation, can be installed opposite the seats in the compartment. A folding table 106 is also arranged in the compartment. Handles 294 allow safe use of the stairs and thus facilitate getting down from the bed.

[0112] The tapering section 246 in the lower area of ​​the central aisle 214 allows for the design of wider passenger compartments 222 and 224. The tapering section 246 also facilitates entry into the beds due to the reduced legroom 272.

[0113] The third bunk 286 can be positioned on a higher plane along the direction of travel. Bunk 286 can move upwards. In the upper position 289 ( Figure 28b In the multi-bed compartment 222, the bed 286 requires less space within the compartment. In the multi-bed compartment 222, a space 235 can be provided between the backs of the compartments, allowing direct access from the central aisle to the window. This space 235 can be used, for example, as an emergency exit or for luggage racks or luggage compartments. The area above this space can be used for the high beds 286 of the multi-bed compartment. The space at the interface between the central aisle 14 and the emergency exit 235 can be used to allow passengers to pass each other when they meet. The vehicle section is shown in Figure 28 along with the outer casing 210 and the window 215.

[0114] exist Figure 28d In a multi-bed compartment, an intermediate space 92 is provided between the partition wall 230 or staircase 234 and the beds 226 and 228, facilitating access to the sleeping position. In a multi-bed compartment, space 232 is provided between two beds. Figure 28d In this type of train, the beds are arranged at an angle so that long beds can be provided even though the carriages are narrow.

[0115] exist Figure 2 and Figures 29 to 31 In one embodiment, the aisle is arranged eccentrically, and the compartments in the upper or lower level have beds above or below the aisle on only one side. On the opposite side, vehicle seats are arranged directly next to the aisle.

[0116] Figure 29An exemplary arrangement of compartment 236 in the upper level is shown. The compartment has twin beds 238 that also extend into the area above the passageway 214. Seats 242 are arranged in the area lateral to the passageway, oriented opposite to each other in the direction of travel or against the direction of travel. Staircases 244 are arranged between the two compartments, allowing access to both upper-level compartments 236. Figure 29 The upper compartment shown is equipped with an internal shower room 240. Here, the shower rooms 240 of two adjacent compartments are arranged adjacent to each other, so that they can share the connections for electricity, wastewater and water supply.

[0117] Figure 30 An alternative design for sleeping seats 246 and 248 is shown. In this variant, all sleeping seats are arranged on the same side of the carriage and do not overlap.

[0118] Figure 28 to Figure 31 The width of the carriage shown allows for only a narrow volume space on the side of aisle 114 away from compartment 236. Figure 31 A vertical cross-section of an exemplary arrangement of vehicle seats on the aisle side is shown. Here, seating seats 250, which can be converted into sleeping seats 252, are arranged on different planes along or against the direction of travel and are accessible from the aisle. A luggage compartment layer 254 is arranged below the vehicle seats.

[0119] Third embodiment ( Figures 32-34 ).

[0120] It can be used for vehicles with very small vehicle profiles. Figures 32 to 34 The arrangement is illustrated in the example. Such vehicles are, for example, narrow-gauge vehicles, barges, buses, airplanes, or passenger cars used in domestic operations, such as those in the UK, with smaller headroom profiles. The upper compartment 310 has a bed 312 above the central aisle 314, which extends laterally in the direction of travel and is approximately at shoulder or head height in the upper compartment. Seats 316 extending in the direction of travel are arranged below the bed 312. The bed 312 can be flipped upwards if a seated position is required. This... Figure 32 This can be clearly seen in the text.

[0121] The lower compartment 318 has a bed 320 that extends laterally in the direction of travel and is partially positioned below the aisle 314. The bed 320 can be converted into one or more seating positions by folding down or pushing down the backrest 322 and, if necessary, the armrests. The space in front of the seating positions or the space next to the lower bed 320 extends under the upper seats. This... Figure 32This is clearly visible in the middle. The lower compartment 318 has a corresponding standing height in this area. Other seats are arranged next to the foot of the bed. Figure 33 A variation is shown in which stair steps 324 are arranged between the beds. Figure 34 A variant is shown in which structurally identical cabins are arranged on both sides of the aisle, but the seating orientations on both sides are different.

[0122] Fourth embodiment ( Figure 35-54 ).

[0123] Figures 35 to 54 An embodiment of a recliner scheme corresponding to "Stacked Herringbone Seating" is shown. Figures 35 to 37 Three different embodiments are schematically shown, in which the seating direction 416 on one side of aisle 414 is opposite to the seating direction on the other side of aisle. It goes without saying that an arrangement can also be adopted in which the seating directions on different sides of aisle 414 form an angle of, for example, 90 degrees with each other, thus creating the herringbone pattern aptly named. Figure 35 and Figure 36 as well as Figures 38 to 54 In this arrangement, the seating direction is designed so that seated passengers face the window. Figure 37 In the middle, the seating direction is such that the seated passengers face the aisle.

[0124] exist Figures 35 to 37 The diagram shows two planes arranged vertically to each other, each with vehicle seating. Vehicle seating 410 in the lower plane is indicated by dashed lines. Vehicle seating 412 in the upper plane is indicated by solid lines. Figure 35 and Figure 36 In the illustrated embodiment, except for a slight offset 418 along the longitudinal direction 420, the vehicle seat 412 on the upper plane is arranged almost above the vehicle seat 410 on the lower plane. Figure 37 In the middle, the offset between vehicle seat 410 on the lower plane and vehicle seat 412 on the upper plane is equivalent to approximately half a vehicle seat.

[0125] A ladder is provided to access the vehicle seating 412 on the upper plane. Figure 35 and Figure 37 The ladders 422 and 426 in the arrangement shown extend laterally to the longitudinal direction 420 and are therefore at an angle to the seating direction of the vehicle seats 410 and 412. Figure 36 In the arrangement, ladder 424 extends along the seating direction. Compared to ladders 422 and 426, this ladder extends into passage 414 to a lesser extent.

[0126] Figure 36 The embodiments shown are in Figures 38 to 54This will be shown in more detail again. Figure 38 Showing from Figure 36 A top view of the layout structure is shown, along with a section line along the seating direction. Vehicle seat 412 is formed by a seat that can be adjusted from a seated position 428 to a reclining position 430. Figure 38 Each seat 410, 412 has a substantially horizontal seat surface 432, backrest 438, and armrest 434. By moving the seat 428 forward, the backrest 438 can be brought into a horizontal position 430 on the extension of the seat surface 432. The seat surface 432 then lies above the foot space 436.

[0127] A wall 440 is installed behind the backrest 438. The wall 440 is curved around a vertical axis and serves as a cover for the vehicle seat 412. The wall 440 separates the passenger from the other passengers and protects their privacy. For access, an opening that can be closed by a door 452 is provided in the wall 440 at the upper end of the ladder 424. Figure 38 The arrangement of door 452 when closed is shown. It goes without saying that other partitions can also be installed, such as sliding doors, panel sliding doors, folding doors, roller blinds or sliding curtains, or combinations thereof.

[0128] exist Figure 38 As can be clearly seen in the top view, the seating and line of sight 446 of all vehicle seats, both above and below, extend toward the outer wall 444 of the vehicle. Wall 440 is correspondingly arranged on the aisle side. The rungs or steps of the ladder 424 extend laterally toward the seating and line of sight 446 in the intermediate space formed by the curvature between adjacent walls 440. Figure 42 Accordingly, only a small portion of the ladder 424 extends into the passageway 414. The upper end 450 of the ladder 424 bends towards the seat. This bend allows for the arrangement of a long bed 430 in the lower plane while facilitating access to the vehicle seat 412 above.

[0129] The upper seat is offset relative to the lower seat in the direction of travel. This offset creates additional headroom in the lower compartment. Furthermore, it provides more space for entry. The upper vehicle seat 412 is accessed from the side via ladder 424. Figure 44 This is clearly visible in the image. A footrest space 436 is formed in front of the seat 432, accessible from the area above the ladder 424. The footrest space 436 has an inclined boundary 454 at the front edge of the seat 432. The boundary and the bottom 456 of the footrest space 436 form the top plate of the vehicle seat 410 located below. The slope of the boundary 454 provides slightly more headroom for the person sitting in the vehicle seat 410 and allows for a better view from the window. This is... Figure 42This is clearly visible in the image. The entrance at foot height in the upper vehicle seat 412 is wider than in the knee area. This is achieved by utilizing the space beneath the vehicle seat located in front of it. The backrest 438 is diagonally cut in the head area to provide space for the upper portion 450 of the ladder 424 arranged behind it for accommodating adjacent seats.

[0130] Figure 40 and Figure 49 The arrangement of the vehicle seats with closed doors 452 and in a reclining position 430 is shown.

[0131] exist Figure 47 As can be seen, the partition between the vehicle seats is slightly shifted laterally in the foot area 458. This allows for a longer recliner. To accommodate this, the width of the bed in the leg area is slightly reduced to provide more space for adjacent vehicle seats.

[0132] exist Figure 50 As can be clearly seen, several constraints need to be considered. These constraints include: entrances to the upper and lower vehicle seats, sufficient legroom in the upper vehicle seat 412, sufficient headroom in the upper vehicle seat, and an unobstructed view from the window for the lower vehicle seat 410. The greater width of the entrance to the upper vehicle seat 412 is achieved in particular by the fact that the upper and lower vehicle seats are not precisely arranged vertically to each other, but are slightly offset along the direction of travel.

[0133] Figure 53 and 54 The luggage racks are shown, positioned above the central aisle. They are accessible from the seats above the vehicles.

[0134] Fifth embodiment ( Figure 55-6 6).

[0135] Figures 55 to 6 Figure 6 illustrates an example of its application in a rail vehicle. Figure 55 and Figure 56 A double-decker carriage is shown. Figures 57 to 60 as well as Figure 64 and Figure 65 Application examples are shown, based on a car unit consisting of three relatively short, wide, and partially suspended cars, including a middle car and end cars. The embodiments differ in the length of the cars and the location of the bogies and car transition sections. Figure 61 and Figure 62 An embodiment based on five carriages is shown. Figures 66a)-d) illustrate the embodiment containing... Figures 57 to 65 Vehicle details in the embodiments.

[0136] Figure 55 and Figure 56 This demonstrates an example of how different vehicle seating and functionality can be implemented in a passenger car. Figure 55 A horizontal cross-section of a passenger car 509 with two bogies 522 is shown. Figure 56 The vertical cross-section of the carriage 509 is shown. Connectors 518 are provided at both ends, allowing the carriage 509 to be connected to other carriages or motor vehicles.

[0137] A through-passage 545 runs along the entire length of the passenger car. A multi-berth compartment is located in the middle of the passenger car 509, divided into an upper level 524 and a lower level 526 as described above. In front of and behind the multi-berth compartment are vehicle seats arranged in a herringbone pattern 528 as described above, situated on two planes arranged vertically to each other. It goes without saying that the multi-berth compartment and the herringbone pattern can be used in different ways, or only the multi-berth compartment and / or the herringbone pattern can be used.

[0138] Typically, compared to multi-berth compartments in a double-decker arrangement, a herringbone arrangement requires lower seating height. The space beneath the central aisle is not used as a passenger area; therefore, it is advantageous to position the herringbone area above the bogies. The space 530 above the herringbone arrangement can, for example, accommodate technical devices such as air conditioners. Space for luggage or technical devices is provided in the transition area 532 between the herringbone arrangement and the compartments. Toilets can also be located there. In this embodiment, the carriage is accessed through entrances 534 and 536 at both ends.

[0139] Figures 57 to 61 Two examples are shown illustrating how different vehicle seats, vehicle seat arrangements, and functions can be implemented in a single carriage unit.

[0140] Figure 57 A car unit 510 is shown, having a middle car 514 and two end cars 512. Each end car 512 is equipped with two bogies 522. The middle car 514 is configured without bogies and is suspended from the adjacent end cars. Figure 56 The vertical cross-section of the carriage unit 510 is shown.

[0141] Figure 59 The complete carriage unit 508 is shown, consisting of two end carriages 513, each with a bogie 522, that are structurally identical or nearly identical, suspended from a middle carriage 515, which also has two bogies 522. Within carriage unit 508, different compartments and seating are combined with other functions. The area with the upper floor is shown separately. Figure 60 The vertical cross-section of the carriage unit 510 is shown.

[0142] Figure 57 and Figure 58 Car unit 510 and Figure 59 and Figure 60 The difference in the car unit 508 lies in the position of the bogie 522 and the car transition section 519. They also differ in the position of some herringbone seats 528. Figure 59 and Figure 60 In the carriage unit 508, seats 528 are partially arranged in the middle carriage 515. Figure 57 and 58 The shorter middle carriage 514 does not include the herringbone seats 528.

[0143] A connector 518 is provided at the ends of carriage units 508 and 509, which allows the carriage units to be connected to other carriages or motor vehicles. The carriages are connected to each other via carriage transition sections 519.

[0144] The two end cars 512 and 513 are substantially identical. A multi-berth compartment is provided in the middle, divided into an upper level 524 and a lower level 526. At the ends of the car unit, and for the end car 512 with two bogies connected to the middle car, a herringbone arrangement 528 is provided, with car seats located on two planes arranged vertically to each other. It goes without saying that the multi-berth compartment and the herringbone arrangement can also be used in other ways, or the multi-berth compartment and / or the herringbone arrangement can be used alone.

[0145] Typically, compared to multi-berth compartments with a double-decker arrangement, vehicle seating in a herringbone configuration requires a lower height. In the herringbone area, the space beneath the central aisle is not used as a passenger area. Therefore, it is advantageous to position the herringbone area above the bogies. The space 530 above the herringbone configuration can, for example, accommodate technical equipment such as air conditioners. Space for luggage or technical equipment is provided in the transition area 532 between the herringbone configuration and the compartments. Toilets can also be located there.

[0146] In this embodiment, carriage units 508 and 510 can be accessed from intermediate carriages 514 and 515 via entrances 534 and 536. The entrances can be positioned at different heights to allow for level access to platforms of varying heights. For example, the height can be located 55 cm or 76 cm above the upper edge of the tracks. This is particularly convenient for wheelchair users. Special compartments and functions can be provided between the entrances, such as wheelchair-friendly compartments 538 and / or restrooms 539 accessible via ramps, service compartments and / or cafes and / or convenience stores 540. Additionally, extra compartments 555 can also be provided, which can also serve as luggage or bicycle compartments. A reception area can also be provided in the intermediate carriages.

[0147] In this embodiment, the middle carriage 515 is formed in a double-layered manner. A lateral passageway 553 is provided on the lower level, and a lateral passageway 554 is provided on the opposite side of the vehicle on the upper level. These two areas are connected to each other by a staircase 549. Other compartments 542 are provided on the upper level. A large compartment 544 with a toilet and / or shower room 552 is provided above the entrance. The compartment 544 does not have a standing area in the area above the entrance. Instead, a raised seating area 551 and / or bed 550 are arranged there. The seating area 551 and / or bed 550 allows for more space in the entrance area below.

[0148] Figure 59 and Figure 60 The diagram shows a car unit 507 with an intermediate car 515 equipped with two bogies 522. A total of four cars 520 and 521 are suspended on one side. On the other side, they each have a bogie 522. The inner cars 520 are connected by two fixed car transition sections 519. The outer cars 521 have a fixed car transition section 519 on one side and a connector 518 on the other side. Cars 520 and 521 with only one bogie are largely structurally identical. They differ particularly in the design of their outer car ends. Cars 520 and 521 with bogies are largely structurally identical to car 513 with only one bogie in the previous application example. Besides the design of their car ends, they differ in the presence of a vehicle entrance. It goes without saying that more or fewer internal, single-sided suspended cars 520 can be used, or different numbers of cars can be arranged on one and the other side of the intermediate car 515. Alternatively, instead of setting up entrance 556 in all the bogie-equipped cars 520 and 521, it is feasible to set up entrances only in a portion of these cars.

[0149] Figure 61The complete carriage unit is shown, consisting of four nearly identical end carriages, each equipped with a bogie. Two end carriages are suspended from each other on one side and from a middle carriage equipped with two bogies on the other. Within the carriage unit, different compartments and seating are combined with other functions. The area with the upper level is shown separately.

[0150] Figures 63 to 65 The schematic top view shows the rail vehicle in the curve, and will Figures 57 to 59 The embodiments of the present invention are compared with known vehicles.

[0151] Figure 63 Two double-decker passenger cars 509, known in the prior art, are shown. Each car has two bogies 522, and each car has a double-decker area 559. The cars are situated in a track curve. The track curve is represented by two tracks 570 and defined by the track clearance profile. The track clearance profile is shown by an inner boundary line 571 and an outer boundary line 572. The cars have a relatively long double-decker area, but it is not very wide.

[0152] Figure 64 Similar to Figure 63 Showing from Figure 57 and Figure 58 The embodiment shown is a car unit 510 with a suspended intermediate car. Also shown are bogies 522, double-layered areas 562 of end cars 512, and an intermediate car 514 without bogies but with double-layered areas 564. For the same length, the car has three, instead of two shorter double-layered areas, and is significantly wider than in the prior art while having the same number of conventionally structured bogies 522.

[0153] Figure 65 Similar to Figure 63 Showing from Figure 59 and Figure 60 An embodiment is shown, namely a car unit 508 with a single-sided suspended end car. Also shown are bogies 522, double-layered areas 563 of the end cars 513, and an intermediate car 515 without bogies but with double-layered areas 565. For the same length, the car has three, instead of two shorter double-layered areas, and is significantly wider than in the prior art while having the same number of conventionally structured bogies 522.

[0154] Figures 66a)-d) show the results from Figures 57 to 65Vehicle details of the middle compartment in the embodiment are shown. An entrance area 534 of the middle compartment is shown, above which is a large compartment 544 including a toilet 552. The large compartment does not have a standing area in the area above the entrance area 535 and the lower side passage 547, but instead has a raised seating area 551, storage shelves 567, and / or a bed 550, which allows for more space in the entrance area below. Side passages exist not only in the upper area 548 but also in the lower area 547, arranged on opposite vehicle sides. Thus, a lower overall vehicle height is achieved if no standing area is provided above and / or below the lower side passage. Below the large compartment 544, in the area outside the entrance area 535 and the side passage 547, another smaller compartment 555 can be provided, which can also be implemented as a luggage compartment or a bicycle compartment. Needless to say, the large compartment can also be implemented without a toilet. It is not necessary to have both seating areas and sleeping areas. Only one of these areas may exist, or the compartments may be part of a larger open space. Furthermore, the seating area may also be part of the dining car.

[0155] Sixth embodiment ( Figures 67-73 ).

[0156] Figures 67 to 73 An embodiment with a detailed illustration of a compartment door 680 is shown, which is particularly used for presenting micro-compartments 601, 602, and 603 of the "stacked chevron seating" scheme already explained in detail above according to the fourth embodiment. Figure 68 A miniature compartment 603 or a herringbone vehicle seating arrangement with a bed 630 is shown, with emphasis on the entrance structure. The entrance 660 can be closed using a door 680 having two door panels 681, 682 in the form of sliding elements. The main door panels 681, 682 include arc segments of different concentric circles 671, 672. Figure 69a The image shows a miniature compartment 601 with an open door. The boundary of entrance 660 is highlighted. Door 681 includes door panels with elements that can move relative to each other. Figure 69b The diagram shows an arrangement structure 602 with a semi-closed entrance 660, and... Figure 69c The diagram shows an arrangement structure 603 with a closed entrance.

[0157] Figure 70a An embodiment of a variant with an entrance 660 for use in a micro-compartment 601 in the open state is shown. The boundary of the entrance 660 is also highlighted here. The door comprises two door panels 680 and 690. Figure 70b The image shows the entrance in a partially closed state, and Figure 70c This shows the entrance that is in a closed state.

[0158] Gates 680 and 690 according to embodiments of FIG69 and FIG70 are described in detail below.

[0159] Figure 67 The clear space 615 of the intermediate passage 614 is shown to have a larger width in the middle and upper regions of the passage and a narrower portion 614 in the lower region. This results in the entrances 660 leading to the upper micro-compartments 612 and the lower micro-compartments 610 not being in the same plane along the passage.

[0160] Figures 68 to 7 Figure 0 illustrates different variations of the door structure, which is formed by circular segments with a larger radius 681 and a smaller radius 682. Associated virtual circles 671 and 672 are arranged around a common central axis 670. The compartments are shown with an open door 601, a partially closed door 602, and a closed door 603. Vehicle seats in a reclining position 630 are arranged in all compartments.

[0161] Figure 68 The door structure shown in Figure 70 has a main door leaf 680 and a secondary door leaf 690. Both door leaves 680 and 690 are constructed as sliding doors. The main door leaf 680 includes different circular segments. The connecting line 691 between the two door leaves ( Figure 70c The door is not a straight line, and the door leaf is a cylindrical segment. The boundary of the entrance 660 is curved at least partially on the top and bottom and on both sides. In the lower region of the entrance, there is a protrusion 661 for the foot and a recess 663 for the compartment that may be located above it.

[0162] Figure 69a (c) illustrates a variation of the embodiment from FIG70. The door has only a main door leaf comprising circular segments 681 and 682 with different radii and located on a circular line about a common central axis. The door leaf additionally has a movablely fixed portion 683, which is entirely connected to only one of the circular segments, thereby establishing a connection line 692 between the circular segment and the movable portion. Figure 69b The line is straight. This means that the door leaf is fully connected to both parts, regardless of the relative angle of the connecting line. The boundary of the entrance 660 corresponds to the embodiment from Figure 70, but there is an additional protrusion 662 for the head in the upper region.

[0163] Figures 71 to 73 This demonstrates how to implement these doors within a row of stacked A-frame chairs. Figure 71 In the middle, a plurality of micro-compartments are shown around a central aisle 614 with an associated clearance space 614. These micro-compartments have a herringbone seating arrangement in a double-layered structure. The vehicle exterior wall 644 is not shown. Figures 71 to 73The illustration shows a compartment 601 with an open door, a compartment 602 with a partially closed door, and a compartment 603 with a closed door. Some compartments have parking spaces in daytime mode 628, while others have parking spaces in nighttime mode 630. Staircase steps 624 and additional space 616 for climbing the stairs are arranged between the compartments and the central aisle. This results in the door frame 660 not being fully flush against the central aisle and being at least partially curved when viewed from above. The doors consist of curved main door leaves 680, and some doors have secondary door leaves 690.

[0164] The embodiments illustrated above serve to explain the invention claimed in the claims. Features disclosed together with other features can generally also be used alone or in combination with other features explicitly or implicitly disclosed in the text or drawings in the embodiments. Dimensions and sizes are given illustratively only. Those skilled in the art can deduce suitable scopes from their expertise, and therefore further explanation is unnecessary here. The disclosure of a specific design of a feature does not imply that the invention should be limited to that specific design. Rather, such a feature can be implemented through a large number of other designs familiar to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention can be implemented not only in the form of the illustrated design but also through all designs covered by the scope of the appended claims.

[0165] The terms "upper," "lower," "right," and "left" refer only to the accompanying drawings. It goes without saying that the claimed device can also be arranged in other orientations. The terms "comprising" and "including" mean that other unmentioned components can also be provided. The terms "substantially," "mainly," and "dominantly" cover all features that have a certain characteristic or content in a majority manner, that is, in a manner that surpasses all other mentioned components or characteristics of that feature.

Claims

1. The arrangement of vehicle seats (50, 52, 62, 68, 86, 204, 224, 226, 228, 286), comprising: (a) Multiple compartments (22, 24, 122, 124, 222, 224) in which the vehicle seats (50, 52, 62, 68, 86, 204, 224, 226, 228, 286) are arranged. (b) At least one through passageway (14, 114, 214) extending in the direction of travel, said passageway connecting to one or more vehicle entrances, and (c) At least one staircase (34, 36, 234) or ladder for accessing the compartment, Its features are, (d) The passageways (14, 114, 214) extend above sections (44, 272) of one or more compartments (22, 222, 224) and / or below sections (40) of other compartments (24), (e) The passageways (14, 114, 214) extend in the vehicle between sections of different compartments (22, 24, 222, 224), such that these sections are arranged laterally along the direction of travel in the passageways, and (f) The bottom of the passage (14, 114, 214) extends in a plane different from the bottom of the compartment, and each compartment (22, 24, 222, 224) is connected to the passage (14, 114, 214) by a staircase (34, 36, 234) or a ladder.

2. The arrangement structure of vehicle seats (50, 52, 62, 68, 86) according to claim 1, characterized in that, (a) The vehicle seats are distributed on at least two floors (26, 28), wherein there are a lower floor (28) and an upper floor (26) with multiple compartments (22, 24) respectively. (b) The passage (14) extends above section (44) of compartment (22) in the lower floor (28) and / or below section (40) of compartment (24) in the upper floor (26), (c) The sections (38, 42) are arranged on both sides of the passage (14) along the direction of travel, and (d) The bottom (16) of the passage (14) extends in a plane below the bottom (32) of the section of the compartment (24) in the upper floor (26) and above the bottom (30) of the section of the compartment (22) in the lower floor (28).

3. The arrangement structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The compartments (22, 24) are arranged on both sides of the passage (14) on the upper floor (26) and the lower floor (28).

4. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The vehicle seating includes beds and / or recliners (52, 62, 68, 226, 228), which extend at least partially in sections (40, 44, 272) above or below the passageways (14, 114, 214).

5. The arrangement structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The foot areas (72, 272) of the beds and / or recliners (52, 62, 68, 226, 228) are located below or above the passageways (14, 114, 214).

6. The arrangement structure according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The area for personnel to stay in has a smaller width in the foot area (72, 272) than in the head and shoulder area (70).

7. The arrangement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The resting area is formed by beds and / or recliners (52, 62, 68, 226, 228).

8. The arrangement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dwell area is disposed in the channel, and at least one sidewall of the channel is provided with one or more protrusions.

9. The arrangement structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, (a) The dwelling area includes beds and / or lounge chairs (52, 62, 68, 226, 228) in a common plane above or below the passage (14). (b) The foot areas (70, 272) of the bed and / or recliner are arranged above or below the passageways (14, 114, 214) in this plane, and (c) The foot areas (70, 272) of the beds or recliners (62, 68, 226, 228) in the compartments on one side of the passage are arranged behind or in front of the foot areas of the beds or recliners in the compartments on the other side of the passage, along the direction of travel.

10. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, Luggage racks (48, 82, 84, 90, 282) are provided above, below, or to the side of one or more vehicle seats (50, 52, 62, 68, 86, 226, 228, 286).

11. The arrangement structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, The luggage rack can be accessed from the compartment and / or from the passageway.

12. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, Seats (50) and / or recliners (62, 68) are provided in the lateral sections (38, 42) of the passage (14).

13. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The compartment is equipped with a shower room (54).

14. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, A common staircase (36) is provided for every two compartments (24).

15. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, A wall (16, 98) with protrusions (46, 100) is provided between the compartments (22) and / or between the compartments (22) and the passage (14).

16. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The vehicle seats (50) are arranged at an angle.

17. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, Vehicle seats and / or luggage compartments are provided on the side of the passage, and these vehicle seats and / or luggage compartments can be accessed from the passage.

18. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The seats are arranged such that the area below the seat or under the table between the seats serves as a head area for a person in the compartment below the seats.

19. The arrangement structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least one compartment (66, 222) is configured as a double-bed compartment or a multi-bed compartment.

20. The arrangement structure according to claim 19, characterized in that, One of the beds (286) in the multi-bed compartment (222) is arranged longitudinally and is higher than the other beds.

21. The arrangement structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 14, 19 or 20, characterized in that, An auxiliary passage (232) or staircase (36) is provided between the two compartments, which extends from the passage to the window and can be used as an emergency exit.

22. A compartment arrangement structure in a vehicle, wherein the compartments are separated by walls of adjacent compartments and / or passageways, characterized in that, The wall has one or more protrusions.

23. The arrangement structure according to claim 22, characterized in that, The protrusion extends across the entire width of the compartment.

24. The arrangement structure according to claim 23, characterized in that, The protrusion forms a receiving portion for at least a portion of a bed or recliner with a sleeping space arranged thereon.

25. The arrangement structure according to claim 24, characterized in that, A backrest and / or armrest are arranged on the wall above the protrusion, and the backrest and / or armrest can move downward or upward, so that the bed or recliner can be converted into a sitting seat.

26. The arrangement structure according to claim 25, characterized in that, The bed or recliner can pivot outward from a horizontal position.

27. The arrangement structure according to claim 26, characterized in that, The bed or recliner is capable of vertical movement and / or pivoting about a horizontal axis and can stop in that position, thereby obtaining an ergonomically advantageous seating position.

28. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that, The protrusion is spaced apart from the bottom and forms a luggage space or foot space in the adjacent compartment below the protrusion.

29. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 22 to 28, characterized in that, The protrusion forms a horizontal protrusion in the adjacent compartment.

30. The arrangement structure according to claim 29, characterized in that, A plate is provided above the protrusion, which is movable to a horizontal position at least partially supported on the protrusion and is able to stop in that position.

31. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 22 to 30, characterized in that, It is provided with an inclined protrusion (113).

32. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 22 to 31, characterized in that, It has a protrusion that is adjacent to the outer wall of the vehicle.

33. The arrangement structure according to claim 32, characterized in that, A window is provided in the outer wall of the vehicle, and the window is arranged in the area of ​​the protrusion, offset from the partition wall along the direction of travel.

34. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 22 to 33, characterized in that, The wall has an outward offset in the head region.

35. A vehicle seating arrangement in a herringbone pattern, comprising: (a) At least one channel located in a plane, (b) Vehicle seats arranged in a herringbone pattern, accessible from the passageway. Its features are, (c) Other vehicle seats are arranged in at least one other plane, and (d) Provide stairs or ladders at the passageway for access to the other vehicle seats.

36. The arrangement structure according to claim 35, characterized in that, The vehicle seats in the other planes can be accessed individually or in pairs via their own stairs or ladders.

37. The arrangement structure according to claim 35, characterized in that, A common staircase or ladder is provided for every two adjacent vehicle seats in the other planes.

38. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 35 to 37, characterized in that, The vehicle seating is formed by seats that can be converted into reclining seats.

39. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 35 to 38, characterized in that, The vehicle seats are separated from each other by walls.

40. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 35 to 39, characterized in that, The vehicle seats are arranged vertically and horizontally relative to each other in a direction parallel to the aisle.

41. The arrangement structure according to claim 40, characterized in that, The pitch between the vehicle seats is less than 120 cm, preferably in the range of 100-110 cm, and the offset is less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, and most preferably less than 11 cm.

42. The arrangement structure according to claim 41, characterized in that, The area for headroom in the seat of a vehicle is located in the lower plane below the seat surface of the upper vehicle seat.

43. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 35 to 42, characterized in that, The vehicle seats in the lower plane are arranged such that the foot space in the seating position is at least partially located below the stairs or ladder for the vehicle seats in the upper plane, or that the feet are provided to allow the feet to move from the passageway to the foot space in the seating position.

44. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 35 to 43, characterized in that, The staircase or ladder has a ramp, wherein the staircase or ladder extends into the passage in the lower region and / or slopes toward the vehicle seating in the upper region.

45. The arrangement structure according to any one of claims 35 to 44, characterized in that, A luggage rack is provided below the lower vehicle seats and can be accessed from the aisle, the vehicle seats or adjacent vehicle seats.

46. ​​A rail vehicle having a plurality of vehicle seats arranged in an arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims.

47. The rail vehicle according to claim 46, characterized in that, It includes at least one carriage having a first section and a second section, the first section having a herringbone arrangement of vehicle seats and the second section having a arrangement of vehicle seats with at least two levels.

48. The rail vehicle according to claim 47, characterized in that, The section of the vehicle seating arrangement, which has a herringbone configuration, is at least partially located above the bogie.

49. The rail vehicle according to claim 47 or 48, characterized in that, The section having a seating arrangement with at least two levels is located outside the bogie area.

50. A rail vehicle with bogies, comprising multiple connected carriages, characterized in that, (a) The number of bogies is greater than the number of cars but less than twice the number of cars. (b) The transition section between adjacent cars is located outside the space above the intermediate space of the wheel axle of each bogie, and (c) At least one section has a double-layered area.

51. The rail vehicle according to claim 50, characterized in that, The carriage is suspended on at least one side from the adjacent carriage without its own bogie.

52. The rail vehicle according to claim 51, characterized in that, The first and second sections are arranged in the carriage, which is suspended on at least one side from the adjacent carriage without its own bogie.

53. The rail vehicle according to any one of claims 50 to 52, characterized in that, The carriage with the first section and the second section has at least one vehicle entrance in the form of an external door, and at least one of the adjacent carriages does not have an external door.

54. The rail vehicle according to any one of claims 50 to 53, characterized in that, The carriages, which have first and second sections, are equipped with wheelchair-friendly areas, including wheelchair-friendly toilets and wheelchair-friendly vehicle seats.

55. The rail vehicle according to any one of claims 50 to 54, characterized in that, The car is equipped with two identical end cars, each with two bogies, and a car suspended in the middle without bogies.

56. The rail vehicle according to any one of claims 50 to 54, characterized in that, It is equipped with an intermediate car with two bogies, and on each side there are end cars with the same structure but only one bogie.

57. The rail vehicle according to any one of claims 50 to 56, characterized in that, The raised seating area and / or bed is located in the area above the door, which is insufficient as an upper floor for standing when the vehicle has a limited headroom profile and is accessed from the ground.

58. A compartment in a vehicle having at least one vehicle seat, comprising: (a) One or more sidewalls, and (b) An entrance that can be enclosed by a door, Its features are, (c) The sidewall is part of a rotationally symmetric shape, and (d) The door has at least one door leaf, which is also part of a rotationally symmetric shape.

59. The compartment according to claim 58, characterized in that, The compartment contains two vehicle seats arranged one above the other.

60. The compartment according to any one of claims 58 or 59, characterized in that, The sidewall has at least one section with a radius different from the radius of the rest of the sidewall, and the at least one door leaf is adapted to the radius of the sidewall section.

61. The compartment according to any one of claims 58 to 60, characterized in that, It has two doors.

62. The compartment according to any one of claims 58 to 61, characterized in that, A separate panel is provided at the door leaf.

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