A factory cultivation method, system, computer readable storage medium and application for inducing pleurotus ostreatus to form head mushroom in a concentrated manner

Abstract

The application provides a factory cultivation method, system, computer readable storage medium and application for inducing pleurotus ostreatus to form head mushroom, and particularly belongs to the technical field of edible fungus factory cultivation. The factory cultivation method comprises, after the mycelium grows fully in the culture medium, sequentially performing stable bacteria transition culture, low-temperature strong stimulation culture, bud induction and shaping culture and young mushroom culture. The application adopts a "tidal environment impact method", first uses low temperature as a main trigger signal, and then synchronously implements triple coordinated stimulation of high humidity, low CO2 and light, to forcibly and guide the mycelium to synchronously and efficiently transfer into reproductive growth. The application realizes that the head mushroom is highly concentrated (synchronization rate > 90%) within 3-5 days, significantly improves the yield and uniformity of the head mushroom, and can be integrated into an automatic production line to realize precise "planned mushrooming", and greatly improves the economic benefit and management efficiency of factory cultivation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of industrialized cultivation technology of edible fungi, specifically relating to an industrialized cultivation method, system, computer-readable storage medium, and application for inducing concentrated first flush of oyster mushrooms. Background Technology

[0002] In oyster mushrooms ( Oyster mushroom In factory production, the concentration, uniformity, and yield of the first flush of mushrooms are the core determinants of economic benefits. Currently, most common environmental control methods are experience-based static or segmented control, which have the following prominent problems: Disconcentrated fruiting: The fruiting time span of the same batch of spawn bags is long, resulting in a long harvest period, high labor costs, inconvenient management, and inability to achieve mechanized centralized harvesting.

[0003] Poor uniformity: The fruiting bodies vary in size and maturity, resulting in a low marketability and reduced market value.

[0004] Unstable yield: The environmental parameters were poorly controlled and failed to accurately match the physiological needs of oyster mushrooms from mycelial maturation to primordia formation, resulting in a low primordia formation rate and a small number of effective mushroom buds.

[0005] The control logic is simple: it usually only adjusts a single factor such as temperature and humidity independently, lacks a precise control strategy that coordinates multiple environmental factors and links them in a time sequence, and is difficult to trigger the "reproductive switching switch" of mycelial synchronization.

[0006] While existing technologies mention stimulating mushroom growth through methods such as cooling and humidification, there is a lack of a precise, quantifiable, reproducible, and stable method for inducing oyster mushrooms to form a concentrated first flush. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system, computer-readable storage medium, and application for the industrialized cultivation of oyster mushrooms that induces the concentrated formation of first flushes. The industrialized cultivation method described in this invention is a precise, efficient, and programmable environmental control method. By implementing a multi-factor synergistic and phased "tidal environmental shock method," it forcibly and synchronously induces the mycelium to shift from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, thereby achieving a highly concentrated and uniform formation of first flushes, laying the foundation for subsequent mechanized harvesting and high-yield stability.

[0008] This invention provides a method for the industrialized cultivation of oyster mushrooms that induces the concentrated formation of first flushes, comprising the following steps: After the mycelium has fully colonized the culture medium, a stable transition culture is carried out. The temperature of the stable transition culture is 22-24℃, the relative humidity is 85-90%, the CO2 concentration is 2000-3000ppm, the stable transition culture is carried out in the dark, and the stable transition culture time is 1-2 days. After stable transition culture, a low-temperature strong stimulation culture is performed; the temperature of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 12~14℃; the relative humidity of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 85~90%; the CO2 concentration of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 4000~5000ppm; the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is carried out under dark conditions; the low-temperature strong stimulation culture time is 36~60h. After low-temperature, high-stimulation culture, bud-inducing and shaping culture was carried out to obtain oyster mushroom primordia. The temperature for bud-inducing and shaping culture was 15-17℃; the relative humidity for bud-inducing and shaping culture was 95-98%; the CO2 concentration for bud-inducing and shaping culture was below 800ppm; the light intensity for bud-inducing and shaping culture was 500-1000 Lux, with 10-12 hours of light per day; and the bud-inducing and shaping culture time was 48-72 hours. After obtaining the oyster mushroom primordia, the oyster mushroom primordia are cultured as young mushrooms; the temperature for the young mushroom culture is 16~18℃; the relative humidity for the young mushroom culture is 90~93%; the CO2 concentration for the young mushroom culture is 1000~1500ppm; the light intensity for the young mushroom culture is 500~1000 Lux, and the light exposure is 10~12h per day; the cultivation time for the young mushrooms is 3~4 days.

[0009] Preferably, after the stable bacterial transition culture, the temperature of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is uniformly reduced to 12~14℃ within 24 hours.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature for the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 13°C, and the culture time is 36~48h.

[0011] Preferably, after low-temperature strong stimulation culture, within 6-12 hours, the temperature of the bud-inducing and shaping culture is raised to 15-17℃, the relative humidity is increased to 95-98%, the CO2 concentration is reduced to below 800ppm, the light intensity is set to 500-1000 Lux, and the light is provided for 10-12 hours per day.

[0012] This invention also provides a factory-scale cultivation system for inducing the concentrated formation of first flush mushrooms in oyster mushrooms, used to perform the steps in the factory-scale cultivation method described in the above technical solution. The factory-scale cultivation system includes: Sensor module: Converts temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and light parameters into electrical signal data that can be processed by the central processing unit; Central processing unit: It has a preset or stored control program for the factory cultivation method described in the above technical solution, and is able to run the control program and drive the execution module to run according to the electrical signal data feedback signal provided by the sensor module; And the execution module: performs adjustments to temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and light intensity based on signals fed back from the central processing unit.

[0013] Preferably, the sensor module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a CO2 sensor, and a light sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the central processing unit includes a programmable logic controller or an industrial computer.

[0015] Preferably, the execution module includes: a temperature control unit, a humidity control device, a ventilation system, and a lighting system.

[0016] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the above technical solution.

[0017] This invention also provides the application of the factory cultivation method described in the above technical solution in inducing the concentrated formation of oyster mushroom head flushes, improving the uniformity and yield of head flushes.

[0018] This invention provides a factory-scale cultivation method for inducing the concentrated formation of first flush mushrooms in oyster mushrooms. The factory-scale cultivation method of this invention can precisely induce the mycelium of oyster mushrooms to simultaneously transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, achieving concentrated, uniform, and stable high yields of the first flush (first crop). Specifically, this invention employs a "tidal environmental shock method," first using low temperature as the main trigger signal, followed by simultaneous implementation of a triple synergistic stimulation of high humidity, low CO2, and light, forcing and guiding the mycelium to synchronously and efficiently transition to reproductive growth. The factory cultivation method described in this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) Highly concentrated and uniform fruiting: Through precise "tidal impact," the time window for primordia formation in the first flush of mushrooms is shortened from the traditional 6 days or more to within 3-5 days, with a synchronization rate (the proportion of cultivation units that form visible primordia within 48 hours in the same batch) exceeding 90%; the size and maturity of the fruiting bodies are highly consistent; 2) Significantly increased yield of the first flush of mushrooms: Strong low-temperature stimulation combined with subsequent triple synergistic stimulation effectively activates more effective fruiting points, increasing the bioconversion rate of the first flush of mushrooms by 15-25% compared to conventional stimulation methods; 3) Fully adaptable to automated production: The method of this invention is standardized, programmable, and automatically controllable, eliminating the uncertainty of human experience. It can be seamlessly integrated with automated production lines to achieve precise "planned fruiting," greatly improving the economic benefits and management efficiency of factory cultivation. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides a method for the industrialized cultivation of oyster mushrooms that induces the concentrated formation of first flushes, comprising the following steps: After the mycelium has fully colonized the culture medium, a stable transition culture is carried out. The temperature of the stable transition culture is 22-24℃, the relative humidity is 85-90%, the CO2 concentration is 2000-3000ppm, the stable transition culture is carried out in the dark, and the stable transition culture time is 1-2 days. After stable transition culture, a low-temperature strong stimulation culture is performed; the temperature of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 12~14℃; the relative humidity of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 85~90%; the CO2 concentration of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 4000~5000ppm; the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is carried out under dark conditions; the low-temperature strong stimulation culture time is 36~60h. After low-temperature, high-stimulation culture, bud-inducing and shaping culture was carried out to obtain oyster mushroom primordia. The temperature for bud-inducing and shaping culture was 15-17℃; the relative humidity for bud-inducing and shaping culture was 95-98%; the CO2 concentration for bud-inducing and shaping culture was below 800ppm; the light intensity for bud-inducing and shaping culture was 500-1000 Lux, with 10-12 hours of light per day; and the bud-inducing and shaping culture time was 48-72 hours. After obtaining the oyster mushroom primordia, the oyster mushroom primordia are cultured as young mushrooms; the temperature for the young mushroom culture is 16~18℃; the relative humidity for the young mushroom culture is 90~93%; the CO2 concentration for the young mushroom culture is 1000~1500ppm; the light intensity for the young mushroom culture is 500~1000 Lux, and the light exposure is 10~12h per day; the cultivation time for the young mushrooms is 3~4 days.

[0020] This invention involves a stable transition culture after the mycelium has fully colonized the culture medium. The stable transition culture is conducted at a temperature of 22-24°C, a relative humidity of 85-90%, and a CO2 concentration of 2000-3000 ppm in the dark for 1-2 days. In specific embodiments, the stable transition culture temperature can be 22°C, 23°C, or 24°C. The relative humidity can be 85%, 88%, or 90%. The CO2 concentration can be 2000 ppm, 2500 ppm, or 3000 ppm. The transition culture time can be 1 day, 1.5 days, or 2 days. The stable transition culture primarily maintains the environment at the end of the culture period, stabilizing mycelial metabolism and preparing for subsequent stimuli.

[0021] After a stable transition culture, the present invention performs a low-temperature, high-stimulation culture. The temperature of this low-temperature, high-stimulation culture is 12-14°C; the relative humidity is 85-90%; the CO2 concentration is 4000-5000 ppm; the culture is conducted in darkness; and the culture time is 36-60 hours. In a specific embodiment, after the stable transition culture, the temperature of the low-temperature, high-stimulation culture is uniformly reduced to 12-14°C within 24 hours. In a specific embodiment, the temperature can be 13°C; the culture time can be 36-48 hours. In a specific embodiment, the temperature reduction is a uniform process. In a specific embodiment, the relative humidity can be 85%, 88%, or 90%. In a specific embodiment, the CO2 concentration can be 4000 ppm, 4500 ppm, or 5000 ppm. This stage utilizes a significant temperature drop as the main trigger signal, forcing the mycelium to initiate its reproductive development program. This invention, through extensive experiments, reveals that the cooling rate and stability during the period of intense low-temperature stimulation have a decisive impact on the synchronicity and efficiency of mycelial reproductive conversion. Specifically, the effect of cooling rate is as follows: when the cooling process is completed within 24 hours, a clear and strong temperature gradient can be formed, allowing all mycelia to receive the "reproductive initiation" command almost simultaneously, avoiding signal dilution; if the cooling process exceeds 24 hours, the mycelia will gradually adapt to the low-temperature environment, resulting in "low-temperature acclimatization," leading to delayed initiation of some mycelia and dispersed fruiting time; experiments show that rapid cooling within 24 hours can shorten the primordia formation time window by more than 40% and increase the synchronization rate by 10-20 percentage points. The role of stable cooling: Uniform cooling avoids the additional stress caused by temperature fluctuations, reduces unnecessary energy consumption by mycelia, and allows mycelia to concentrate energy on reproductive conversion rather than coping with environmental changes. If the cooling process involves a step-like decrease or fluctuations, mycelia need to consume energy to synthesize stress proteins and adjust membrane fluidity, resulting in a decrease in the number of primordia and an increase in the deformity rate. Experiments show that uniform cooling can increase primordia density by more than 30% and reduce the rate of deformed mushrooms by more than 50%. This invention ensures the "signal quality" of low-temperature stimulation by uniformly reducing the temperature within 24 hours, achieving highly concentrated, uniform, and high-yield first flush mushrooms.

[0022] After low-temperature, high-stimulation culture, this invention performs bud-inducing and shaping culture to obtain oyster mushroom primordia. The temperature for bud-inducing and shaping culture is 15-17℃; the relative humidity is 95-98%; the CO2 concentration is below 800ppm; the light intensity is 500-1000 Lux, with 10-12 hours of light per day; and the culture time is 48-72 hours. In a specific embodiment, after low-temperature, high-stimulation culture, within 6-12 hours, the temperature for bud-inducing and shaping culture is increased to 15-17℃, the relative humidity is increased to 95-98%, the CO2 concentration is decreased to below 800ppm, and the light intensity is set to 500-1000 Lux, with 10-12 hours of light per day. That is, temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, and light intensity are simultaneously achieved within 6-12 hours. In a specific embodiment, relative humidity can be rapidly increased and stabilized at a high humidity environment of 95-98%; gas conversion is achieved by significantly enhancing ventilation, drastically reducing the CO2 concentration to below 800 ppm; and a light system is activated for photoinduction, providing 500-1000 Lux of diffused light. Through extensive comparative experiments, the inventors discovered that after the end of the strong low-temperature stimulation, the synchronicity of four factors—temperature recovery, humidity increase, CO2 concentration decrease, and light activation—has a decisive influence on the concentrated formation of primordia. When these four factors are completed synchronously within a narrow time window of 6-12 hours, a clear and complete "primordia-inducing signal package" can be formed, enabling the mycelium to synchronously and efficiently enter the primordia differentiation process. If these factors appear sequentially rather than synchronously, the mycelium receives a series of intermittent instructions, and some mycelia may miss the optimal response time, resulting in a reduced primordia formation rate and dispersed formation time. Experimental data show that the primordium formation rate in the synchronous stimulation group reached 95%, with a primordium density of 80-100 primordia per container, while the asynchronous group only achieved 68%-82%, with a primordium density of only 50-60 primordia per container. This stage was maintained for 48-72 hours, with high humidity to prevent primordium drying, and low CO2 and light synergistically inducing primordium directional differentiation and robust growth. The oyster mushroom primordia obtained in this invention refer to the widespread formation of oyster mushroom primordia. If widespread formation of oyster mushroom primordia does not occur, the conditions for primordium induction and shaping culture are maintained until widespread formation of oyster mushroom primordia. "Wide formation of primordia" in this invention means that ≥90% of the cultivation units in the same batch have primordia visible to the naked eye with a diameter ≥1mm on their surface. In specific embodiments, the temperature for primordium induction and shaping culture can be 15℃, 16℃, or 17℃. In specific embodiments, the relative humidity for primordium induction and shaping culture can be 95%, 96%, 97%, or 98%. In a specific embodiment, the CO2 concentration for the bud-inducing and shaping culture can be 800 ppm, 500 ppm, or 300 ppm. In a specific embodiment, the light intensity for the bud-inducing and shaping culture can be 500 Lux, 800 Lux, or 1000 Lux, and the daily light exposure can be 10 h, 11 h, or 12 h.In a specific embodiment, the time for bud-inducing and shaping culture can be 48~72h.

[0023] After obtaining the oyster mushroom primordia, specifically after the primordia have generally formed and developed into visible young mushrooms, this invention adjusts the environmental parameters to a steady state suitable for the growth of young mushrooms, and then cultivates the oyster mushroom primordia into young mushrooms. The cultivation temperature for young mushrooms is 16-18℃; the relative humidity for young mushroom cultivation is 90-93%; the CO2 concentration for young mushroom cultivation is 1000-1500 ppm; the light intensity for young mushroom cultivation is 500-1000 Lux, with 10-12 hours of light per day; and the cultivation time for young mushrooms is 3-4 days. In specific embodiments, the cultivation temperature for young mushrooms can be 16℃, 17℃, or 18℃. In specific embodiments, the relative humidity for young mushroom cultivation can be 90%, 91%, 92%, or 93%. In specific embodiments, the CO2 concentration for young mushroom cultivation can be 1000 ppm, 1200 ppm, 1400 ppm, or 1500 ppm. In specific embodiments, the light intensity for young mushroom cultivation can be 500 Lux, 800 Lux, or 1000 Lux. In specific embodiments, the daily light exposure time can be 10h, 11h, or 12h. In specific embodiments, the cultivation time for young mushrooms can be 3d, 3.5d, or 4d. The above-mentioned cultivation conditions provide a stable and suitable growth environment for young mushrooms after primordia have generally formed: a temperature of 16-18℃, slightly higher than during the budding stage, promotes stipe elongation and cap differentiation; a humidity of 90-93% prevents the young mushrooms from drying out and avoids excessive humidity inducing disease; a CO2 concentration controlled at 1000-1500ppm meets the respiratory and metabolic needs of the young mushrooms while preventing temperature and humidity fluctuations due to excessive ventilation; and a light exposure of 500-1000 Lux for 10-12h daily maintains normal phototropic growth of the fruiting bodies, ensuring a regular mushroom shape. This stage lasts for 3-4 days, allowing the young mushrooms to enter a rapid growth period uniformly and robustly, laying the foundation for subsequent high yield and quality.

[0024] This invention automatically executes four coordinated control phases sequentially after the mycelium has fully colonized the culture medium, forming a complete "tidal environmental shock" cycle (i.e., stabilization transition period - low-temperature strong stimulation period - bud induction and shaping period - young mushroom maintenance period). The core of this invention lies in constructing a three-layered, progressive signal chain: the stabilization transition period ensures the mycelial physiological state becomes uniform, serving as a preparatory signal; the low-temperature strong stimulation period uses rapid, uniform cooling within 24 hours as the main trigger signal, forcibly initiating the reproductive development program; the bud induction and shaping period simultaneously implements a three-pronged synergistic enhancement signal of high humidity, low CO2, and light within 6-12 hours, ensuring synchronous and robust primordia formation. Through this complete, logically hierarchical environmental signal sequence, the oyster mushroom mycelium is precisely induced to transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, achieving concentrated, uniform, and stable high yields of the first flush of mushrooms.

[0025] The key to this invention lies in recognizing and utilizing the temporal and synergistic nature of environmental factors as "signals": innovatively, low temperature is used as the primary trigger signal, and the crucial synergistic effects of low CO2 concentration and light intensity in high-humidity environments are clearly defined, forming a complete and logically hierarchical sequence of environmental signals. Through this method, the concentrated formation of first-flush mushrooms is no longer an unstable process dependent on experience, but rather transformed into a programmable, reproducible, and industrially standardized process. Without strong low-temperature stimulation, fruiting is asynchronous; with only low temperature but lacking subsequent three-way synergy, the number of primordia formed is small and weak. This invention, through programmable control, transforms this biological law into a stable and efficient industrial technology, achieving precise, stable, and high-yield first-flush mushroom production.

[0026] This invention also provides a factory-scale cultivation system for inducing the concentrated formation of first flush mushrooms in oyster mushrooms, used to perform the steps in the factory-scale cultivation method described in the above technical solution. The factory-scale cultivation system includes: Sensor module: converts temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and light parameters into electrical signal data that can be processed by the central processing unit; in a specific embodiment, the sensor module includes: a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a CO2 sensor, and a light sensor.

[0027] Central processing unit: It has a preset or stored control program for the factory cultivation method described in the above technical solution, that is, it has an embedded "tidal environmental impact" control program and can run the control program to drive the execution module to run according to the electrical signal data feedback signal provided by the sensor module; in a specific embodiment, the central processing unit includes: a programmable logic controller (PLC) or an industrial computer.

[0028] The execution module adjusts temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and light intensity based on signals fed back from the central processing unit. In a specific embodiment, the execution module includes a temperature control unit, a humidity control device, a ventilation system, and a lighting system. In a specific embodiment, the temperature control unit includes a cooling or heating unit. In a specific embodiment, the humidity control device includes a humidification or dehumidification unit. In a specific embodiment, the ventilation system includes a fresh air or recirculation unit.

[0029] The factory-style cultivation system described in this invention operates within a controlled environment. In a specific embodiment, the controlled environment may be a cultivation room or a cultivation tank.

[0030] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the above technical solution.

[0031] This invention also provides the application of the factory cultivation method described in the above technical solution in inducing the concentrated formation of oyster mushroom head flushes, improving the uniformity and yield of head flushes.

[0032] To further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with embodiments, of a method, system, computer-readable storage medium, and application for inducing concentrated first flush formation of oyster mushrooms provided by the present invention, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1 The cultivation of oyster mushrooms in this invention is carried out in an intelligent cultivation and fruiting chamber, which is equipped with environmental sensors: temperature sensor, humidity sensor, CO2 sensor and light sensor; Installation actuators include: Temperature control unit: includes a refrigeration unit (compression refrigeration unit) and a heating unit (steam heat exchanger). Humidity control device: includes a humidification unit (high-pressure micro-mist humidifier) ​​and a dehumidification unit (refrigeration dehumidifier). Ventilation system: includes a fresh air intake unit and an internal air recirculation unit. Lighting systems: such as dimmable LED shelving lighting systems, And a central controller (programmable logic controller, PLC). All sensors and actuators are connected to the central controller.

[0034] Specific process: S1: Status judgment and start-up: The central controller confirms by reading the production database or RFID information that all cultivation tanks of a certain batch have been filled with mycelium and have completed post-ripening (usually continue cultivation for 2-3 days after filling). At this time, the controller automatically starts the "first flush mushroom induction program".

[0035] S2: Implement the stable bacterial transition period (days 1-2). The controller maintains the following environmental conditions: temperature 23℃±0.5℃, humidity 88%±2%, CO2 concentration 2500ppm±200, and light off. The purpose of this stage is to stabilize the physiological state of the mycelium.

[0036] S3: Implement the period of intense low-temperature stimulation (days 3-5). Day 3: The controller commands the refrigeration unit to operate at full capacity, and the room temperature is reduced from 23°C to 13°C at a constant rate within 24 hours.

[0037] This process requires a steady cooling process, avoiding drastic fluctuations. Humidity is controlled at 87%±2%, and CO2 naturally accumulates to approximately 4500ppm due to reduced ventilation. Darkness is maintained. From day 4 to noon on day 5: Under otherwise unchanged conditions, the temperature is maintained at a low-temperature plateau of 13±0.3℃ for a total of 36 hours. This stage is a critical decision-making period for reproductive conversion; low temperature acts as the main stress signal, forcing the mycelium to synchronously enter the reproductive preparation stage.

[0038] S4: Perform the bud-setting and shaping period (afternoon of day 5 to day 8) Afternoon of Day 5: Begin heating up, raising the temperature from 13°C to 16°C within 6 hours. Simultaneously, the controller executes the following three commands to create a coordinated impact: 1. Activate the high-pressure micro-mist humidification system to increase the humidity from 87% to 97%±1% within 1 hour and maintain it.

[0039] 2. Instruct the fresh air valve to open fully and the exhaust fan to run at high speed, so as to rapidly reduce the CO2 concentration from above 4500ppm to below 600ppm within 2-3 hours.

[0040] 3. Turn on the LED shelf lighting system, set the light intensity to 800 Lux, and run it for 12 hours (6:00-18:00), then turn it off for 12 hours. From day 6 to day 8: maintain these three parameters (temperature 16℃, humidity 97%, CO2 <800ppm, photoperiod 12h / 12h). Usually, by day 7, you can observe uniform and robust primordia formation on the surface of more than 90% of the cultivation containers.

[0041] S5: Implement the juvenile mushroom maintenance period (starting from day 9). Once the vision system confirms through image recognition that ≥90% of the cultivation units in the same batch have a primordium coverage area of ​​more than 30%, the controller automatically switches to the young mushroom growth mode. The temperature is raised to 17℃±0.5℃, the humidity is reduced to 92%±2%, and the CO2 concentration is controlled at 1200±200ppm (ventilation is appropriately reduced to save energy). The light intensity is maintained at 800 Lux for 12 hours per day. This stage lasts for about 3-4 days until the fruiting bodies enter the rapid growth period, after which environmental management is switched to routine fruiting management.

[0042] Comparative Example 1 Omitted stable bacterial transition period After the mycelium has fully colonized the substrate, it directly enters the low-temperature strong stimulation period (parameters are the same as in Example 1), and the remaining stages are the same as in Example 1.

[0043] Results: Due to the different metabolic states of hyphae, some hyphae were still in the vigorous growth stage and their responses to low temperature stimulation were inconsistent, resulting in the dispersion of primordium formation time.

[0044] Comparative Example 2 Omit the period of intense low-temperature stimulation After the mycelium has fully covered the substrate, the low-temperature stimulation is skipped, and the budding and shaping period is directly entered (parameters are the same as in Example 1). The remaining stages are the same as in Example 1.

[0045] Results: The hyphae lacked clear reproductive transition signals, and most hyphae continued vegetative growth, with low primordium formation rate and dispersed time.

[0046] Comparative Example 3 Asynchronous (intermittent) triple stimulation After a strong stimulus of low temperature, proceed in the following order: 0~6h: Raise the temperature to 16℃ 6~12h: Increase humidification to 97% 12~18h: Reduce CO2 to <800ppm 18~24h: Turn on lighting at 800 Lux The remaining parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Results: The hyphae received a series of intermittent instructions and could not form a complete "budding instruction package", resulting in a small number of primordia and a high rate of deformity.

[0048] Comparative Example 4 Omit the maintenance period of young mushrooms After the primordia are formed, the mushrooms are directly transferred to conventional mushroom production management (temperature 18℃, humidity 85%, natural ventilation) without going through the young mushroom maintenance period.

[0049] Results: When the primordia were transferred from a high humidity environment (97%) to a lower humidity environment (85%), some young mushrooms lost water and dried up, and the fruiting bodies grew unevenly.

[0050] Comparative Example 5 conventional methods After the mycelium has fully covered the substrate, simply lower the temperature to 15~18℃, increase the humidity to 90%, and allow natural ventilation without controlling CO2 and light.

[0051] Results: The fruiting synchronization rate was low, and both the yield and the bioconversion rate were low.

[0052] The primordium formation time window, synchronization rate, primordium density, deformed mushroom rate, first flush yield, and bioconversion rate of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1 Comparison Data Table

[0054] The comparison between the above comparative examples and Example 1 shows that: The role of the stable transition period is to unify the physiological state of hyphae—omitting this stage (Comparative Example 1) lengthens the time window for primordia formation and reduces the synchronization rate; The period of strong low-temperature stimulation is an indispensable main triggering signal - omitting this stage (Comparative Example 2) results in mycelium lacking reproductive conversion signals, extremely dispersed fruiting time, and the lowest yield; The synchronicity of the triple stimulation is crucial—asynchronous implementation (Comparative Example 3) leads to decreased primordium density and increased malformation rate; The maintenance period for young mushrooms ensures a smooth transition from primordia to young mushrooms—omitting this stage (Comparative Example 4) results in good primordia formation, but subsequent development is hindered, leading to a decrease in yield; Only when the four stages are complete, the parameters are accurate, and they are synchronized and coordinated (Example 1) can the high concentration, uniformity, and high yield of first flush mushrooms be achieved.

[0055] Experimental data fully demonstrate that the four stages of this invention are interconnected and indispensable, together forming a complete "tidal environmental impact" technical solution, and its technical effect is significantly better than any solution that omits or changes any of its stages.

[0056] Compared with the conventional method of Comparative Example 5, the present invention has significant advantages in terms of fruiting concentration and synchronization rate. The rate of deformed mushrooms is low, the average yield of the first flush of mushrooms is 46.5% higher than the control group, and the bioconversion rate is significantly improved. Furthermore, due to the concentrated fruiting, the labor cost of harvesting in the experimental group is reduced by approximately 60%, and the conditions for using automated harvesting equipment are met.

[0057] The core of this invention lies in the first-ever construction of a complete signal chain with four interconnected stages, using environmental factors as hierarchical and time-sequential "biological instructions" to precisely induce the synchronous transition of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium into reproductive growth: The stable transition period serves as a preparatory signal, bringing the physiological state of the hyphae closer to uniformity and preparing energy reserves for subsequent stimuli. Without this stage, the metabolic state of the hyphae is inconsistent, resulting in significant differences in their response to subsequent stimuli. The period of strong low-temperature stimulation serves as the main triggering signal, with a rapid and significant drop in temperature within 24 hours forming a clear "reproductive initiation command"—without this stage, the mycelium lacks a clear reproductive conversion signal, and the fruiting time is scattered. During the bud-inducing and shaping period, a three-pronged approach of high humidity, low CO2, and light is implemented to enhance the signal, and this process is completed synchronously within 6 to 12 hours to form a complete "bud-inducing instruction package." Without this three-pronged approach or with insufficient synchronicity, the number of primordia formed is small and the rate of deformity is high. The maintenance period for young mushrooms serves as a safeguard signal, providing a stable growth environment for the primordia that have already formed, ensuring that they grow uniformly and robustly into the rapid growth phase. Without this stage, the primordia may be hindered in their development due to unsuitable environmental conditions.

[0058] This invention transforms this complete four-stage biological process into a stable and efficient industrial technology through programmed control, achieving precise, concentrated, and high-yield production of first-flush mushrooms.

[0059] Comparative Example 6 Experimental Design As shown in Table 2, based on Example 1, the cooling rate and method during the period of strong low-temperature stimulation were changed, and the following four control groups were set up. All other conditions (stable mycelial transition, bud induction and shaping, and maintenance of young mushrooms) were the same as those in Example 1: Table 2 Experimental conditions

[0060] The results are shown in Table 3.

[0061] Table 3 Experimental Results Data Table

[0062] Experimental conclusions Comparative Example 1 and Control Group 2: Rapid cooling (≤24h) shortened the primordium formation window by 2-3 days, increased the synchronization rate by 14 percentage points, and increased the yield by 18% compared to slow cooling (36-48h).

[0063] Compared with control group 1, uniform cooling increased primordium density by 18%, reduced the rate of deformed mushrooms by 4 percentage points, and increased yield by 12% compared with stepped cooling.

[0064] Example 1 (≤24h constant speed) significantly outperformed other schemes in all indicators, proving that the combination of rapid and constant speed is the key to achieving optimal results.

[0065] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the industrialized cultivation of oyster mushrooms that induces concentrated first flush formation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: After the mycelium has fully colonized the culture medium, a stable transition culture is carried out. The temperature of the stable transition culture is 22-24℃, the relative humidity is 85-90%, the CO2 concentration is 2000-3000ppm, the stable transition culture is carried out in the dark, and the stable transition culture time is 1-2 days. After stable transition culture, a low-temperature strong stimulation culture is performed; the temperature of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 12~14℃; the relative humidity of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 85~90%; the CO2 concentration of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 4000~5000ppm; the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is carried out under dark conditions; the low-temperature strong stimulation culture time is 36~60h. After low-temperature, high-stimulation culture, bud-inducing and shaping culture was carried out to obtain oyster mushroom primordia. The temperature for bud-inducing and shaping culture was 15-17℃; the relative humidity for bud-inducing and shaping culture was 95-98%; the CO2 concentration for bud-inducing and shaping culture was below 800ppm; the light intensity for bud-inducing and shaping culture was 500-1000 Lux, with 10-12 hours of light per day; and the bud-inducing and shaping culture time was 48-72 hours. After obtaining the oyster mushroom primordia, the oyster mushroom primordia are cultured as young mushrooms; the temperature for the young mushroom culture is 16~18℃; the relative humidity for the young mushroom culture is 90~93%; the CO2 concentration for the young mushroom culture is 1000~1500ppm; the light intensity for the young mushroom culture is 500~1000 Lux, and the light exposure is 10~12h per day; the cultivation time for the young mushrooms is 3~4 days.

2. The factory-style cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the stable bacterial transition culture, the temperature of the low-temperature strong stimulation culture was uniformly reduced to 12~14℃ within 24 hours.

3. The factory-style cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature for the low-temperature strong stimulation culture is 13℃; the culture time is 36~48h.

4. The factory-style cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After low-temperature strong stimulation culture, within 6-12 hours, the temperature of the bud-inducing and shaping culture is raised to 15-17℃, the relative humidity is increased to 95-98%, the CO2 concentration is reduced to below 800ppm, the light intensity is set to 500-1000 Lux, and the light is provided for 10-12 hours per day.

5. A factory-scale cultivation system for inducing concentrated first flush formation of oyster mushrooms, characterized in that, The industrial cultivation system is used to perform the steps of the industrialized cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the industrialized cultivation system comprises: Sensor module: Converts temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and light parameters into electrical signal data that can be processed by the central processing unit; Central processing unit: It has a preset or stored control program for the factory cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and is able to run the control program and drive the execution module to run according to the electrical signal data feedback signal provided by the sensor module; And the execution module: performs adjustments to temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and light intensity based on signals fed back from the central processing unit.

6. The industrialized cultivation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sensor module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a CO2 sensor, and a light sensor.

7. The industrialized cultivation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The central processing unit includes a programmable logic controller or an industrial computer.

8. The factory cultivation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The execution module includes: a temperature control unit, a humidity control device, a ventilation system, and a lighting system.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. The application of the factory cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in inducing the concentrated formation of oyster mushroom head flushes, improving the uniformity and yield of head flushes.

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