A numerical control lathe drilling device
The automatic centering and stabilization of drilling on CNC lathes are achieved by using a floating sleeve and a radial locking mechanism, which solves the problems of poor drilling accuracy and easy tool wear in the existing technology, and improves processing efficiency and safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANHUI YONGSHENG MACHINERY
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing CNC lathe drilling processes suffer from problems such as high cost of power tool holders, difficulty in drilling centering, poor accuracy, easy breakage of drill bits, and inability to self-center.
The system employs a floating sleeve and a radial locking mechanism. It utilizes the self-centering force generated by the workpiece rotation to achieve automatic drill bit centering. The radial locking mechanism also keeps the drill bit position stable during drilling. Combined with the transmission mechanism and locking status verification components, it ensures drilling accuracy and safety.
It enables automatic drill bit centering, improves drilling accuracy, extends tool life, reduces equipment modification costs, increases production efficiency, and ensures processing safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN122164933A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool processing technology, specifically to a drilling device for a CNC lathe. Background Technology
[0002] There are two main traditional methods for drilling rotating workpieces on CNC lathes: one is to mount the drill bit on the tool post of the tailstock, fix the workpiece on the spindle by a three-jaw chuck, rotate the workpiece by the spindle, and move the drill bit toward the workpiece by the tailstock to drill; the other is to use a CNC turning center with a powered tool post.
[0003] However, the above method has the following drawbacks in practical applications: 1. High cost of powered tool holders: CNC turning centers with powered tool holders are expensive, and for ordinary CNC lathes without powered tool holder interfaces, drilling can not be performed while the workpiece is rotating.
[0004] 2. Difficulty in centering the drill bit and poor accuracy: When drilling by rotating the workpiece and keeping the drill bit stationary, it is difficult to accurately align the center of rotation of the workpiece with the axis of the drill bit. In most cases, it is necessary to manually use a dial indicator to perform multiple alignments, which is cumbersome, inefficient and results in poor drilling position accuracy.
[0005] 3. Drill bit is prone to breakage: Due to insufficient centering accuracy, the drill bit is subjected to uneven force during drilling, which can easily cause the drill bit to break and increase tool costs.
[0006] 4. Inability to achieve adaptive centering: Existing technology lacks a mechanism that can automatically compensate for centering deviations during drilling, and cannot achieve adaptive centering between the drill bit and the workpiece rotation center.
[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a CNC lathe drilling device that can automatically center the drill bit and the workpiece rotation center, is easy to operate, and has high drilling accuracy. Summary of the Invention
[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing CNC lathe drilling processes, such as difficulty in centering, poor accuracy, and easy damage to the drill bit, and to provide a CNC lathe drilling device that can automatically center the drill bit and automatically lock it during the drilling process by utilizing the self-centering force generated by the rotation of the workpiece.
[0009] The present invention provides a drilling device for a CNC lathe, comprising: The tool post is movably mounted on the tailstock of a CNC lathe for mounting drill bits; A floating sleeve is buoyantly mounted inside the tool holder, with its front end extending out of the tool holder and equipped with a drill bit holder; A floating assembly is disposed between the tool holder and the floating sleeve, allowing the floating sleeve to float radially in a plane perpendicular to its axis; A radial locking mechanism is provided inside the tool holder to lock the floating sleeve after it has completed radial alignment; The transmission mechanism, connected to the radial locking mechanism, is used to drive the radial locking mechanism to operate during axial feed of the drill bit.
[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the floating assembly includes a fixed plate fixed inside the tool holder, a radially movable floating plate, and a return spring connecting the fixed plate and the floating plate, wherein the floating plate is connected to the floating sleeve.
[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, both the fixed plate and the floating plate are arc-shaped plates, and multiple fixed plates are evenly distributed circumferentially within the tool holder. Each fixed plate is connected to the corresponding floating plate through multiple return springs.
[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the radial locking mechanism includes an axially movable limiting sleeve, a conical limiting hole disposed at the front end of the limiting sleeve, and a radial expansion assembly mounted on the guide rod. The radial expansion assembly has a radially retractable conical outer wall, which cooperates with the conical limiting hole to achieve locking.
[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the radial expansion assembly includes a fixing ring and a plurality of circumferentially distributed radial expansion lobes, with gaps between adjacent radial expansion lobes to allow each lobe to move radially independently.
[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the cone angle of the tapered limiting hole is smaller than the friction angle, thus forming a mechanical self-locking mechanism.
[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes an elastic component and a transmission component, the elastic component being connected to the rear end of the floating sleeve, and the transmission component being connected between the elastic component and the radial locking mechanism.
[0016] As a further optimization of the present invention, the transmission assembly includes a gear, a driving rack meshing with one side of the gear, and a driven rack meshing with the other side of the gear. The driving rack is connected to an elastic component, and the driven rack is connected to a radial locking mechanism.
[0017] As a further optimization of the present invention, a locking state verification component is also included, which is used to indicate whether the radial locking mechanism is in a locking state.
[0018] As a further optimization of the present invention, the locking state verification component includes an axially movable verification slide bar and an indicator bar linked with the verification slide bar. The verification slide bar contacts the limiting sleeve, and the indicator bar extends out of the outer surface of the tool holder in the locking state.
[0019] The CNC lathe drilling device proposed in this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Utilizing the self-centering force generated when the workpiece rotates, when the drill tip contacts the end face of the rotating workpiece, if there is a deviation between the drill axis and the workpiece rotation axis, the drill will be subjected to a periodic lateral force. The resultant force always points towards the center of rotation of the workpiece. Within the allowable range of the floating component, the drill will automatically slide towards the center of rotation, achieving floating centering. This avoids the tedious operation of manually using a dial indicator for alignment. The entire process requires no manual intervention, greatly improving production efficiency.
[0020] 2. When the drill bit completes centering and begins axial feed, the locking mechanism automatically activates to lock the floating sleeve in its current position. The locking force increases with the increase of the axial cutting force, forming a mechanical self-locking mechanism to ensure the drill bit position is stable during drilling and to avoid positional deviation caused by vibration.
[0021] 3. Since the drill bit is automatically aligned with the workpiece rotation center before drilling, the drilling position accuracy is greatly improved. At the same time, the drill bit is subjected to uniform force, avoiding breakage caused by uneven load and extending the tool life.
[0022] 4. This device can be directly installed on the tool post of a conventional CNC lathe without requiring large-scale modification of the machine tool. It is suitable for conventional CNC lathes without a power tool post interface and has good versatility and economy.
[0023] 5. Through the locking status verification component, operators can intuitively confirm whether the locking is effective, preventing "false locking" caused by mechanism jamming or wear, and ensuring processing safety.
[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the CNC lathe of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front structural diagram of the CNC lathe of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the end face structure of the middle tool holder; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial sectional view of the middle tool holder; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A partially enlarged structural diagram; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the radial expansion component; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the radial expansion component of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the guide hole opening and floating sleeve of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the floating component; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the floating sleeve, guide rod, limiting sleeve and transmission cylinder of the present invention.
[0026] Figure Descriptions: 1. CNC lathe; 2. Three-jaw chuck; 3. Tool post; 4. Guide hole; 5. Floating sleeve; 6. Drill bit holder; 7. Floating assembly; 71. Fixed plate; 72. Floating plate; 73. Return spring; 74. Connecting plate; 8. Guide rod; 9. Transmission tube; 10. Elastic assembly; 101. Fixed rod; 102. Movable cylinder; 103. Axial spring; 11. Limiting sleeve; 12. Limiting plate; 13. Conical limiting hole; 14. Radial expansion assembly; 141. Fixing ring; 142. Radial expansion flap; 15. Through hole; 16. Transmission cylinder; 17. Transmission assembly; 171. Fixing arm; 172. Gear; 173. Driving rack; 174. Driven rack; 18. Fixing sleeve; 19. Movable hole; 20. Verification slide bar; 21. Indicator rod; 22. Fixing block; 23. Verification spring; 24. Hole plug. Detailed Implementation
[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 12 The CNC lathe drilling device proposed in this invention mainly includes a tool holder 3, a floating sleeve 5, a floating assembly 7, a radial locking mechanism, and a transmission mechanism.
[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the CNC lathe 1 has a three-jaw chuck 2 for clamping workpieces, and a tool post 3 is mounted on the tailstock of the machine tool and can move toward the three-jaw chuck 2. The tool post 3 has a plurality of circumferentially distributed guide holes 4 on the side near the three-jaw chuck 2, and a floating sleeve 5 is axially fitted in each guide hole 4.
[0031] The floating sleeve 5 is a cylindrical structure that can be floated and installed in the guide hole 4 of the tool holder 3. The front end of the floating sleeve 5 extends to the outside of the guide hole 4 and is equipped with a drill bit holder 6, which can be a conventional model of the prior art, for holding the drill bit. The rear end face of the floating sleeve 5 is equipped with a guide rod 8, and the other end of the guide rod 8 is equipped with a transmission tube 9. The other end of the transmission tube 9 is connected to the elastic component 10 on the inner wall of the closed end of the guide hole 4. The axes of the floating sleeve 5, the guide rod 8, and the transmission tube 9 coincide.
[0032] The floating component 7 is disposed between the tool holder 3 and the floating sleeve 5, allowing the floating sleeve to float radially in a plane perpendicular to its axis. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 5 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the floating assembly 7 includes a fixed plate 71 and a floating plate 72 installed on the front sidewall of the guide hole 4; Both the fixed plate 71 and the floating plate 72 are arc-shaped plates. There are multiple fixed plates 71, preferably four, which are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the guide hole 4. The inner arc surface of each fixed plate 71 is connected to the floating plate 72 through a return spring 73. There are multiple return springs 73, which are evenly distributed along the gap between the fixed plate 71 and the floating plate 72, and their two ends are fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the fixed plate 71 and the outer arc surface of the floating plate 72, respectively. The inner arc surface of the floating plate 72 is provided with an axially extending slot. The outer wall of the floating sleeve 5 is equipped with four circumferentially distributed and axially extending connecting plates 74. The connecting plates 74 are adapted to the slot and are inserted into each other. The inner arc surface of the floating plate 72 is in contact with the outer wall of the floating sleeve 5.
[0033] The floating sleeve 5 is connected to the floating plate 72 via the connecting plate 74 and can slide axially under the restriction of the floating plate 72. The return spring 73 provides radial restoring force, so that the floating sleeve 5 remains in the center position when there is no external force. When subjected to radial force, the floating sleeve 5 can overcome the elastic force of the return spring 73 to generate radial displacement and realize radial floating.
[0034] The principle of self-determinism is as follows: When an object comes into contact with the surface of a rotating workpiece, the system will spontaneously evolve toward the minimum energy state. In the end face drilling scenario, the end face of the workpiece rotates at high speed around the center of the spindle. When the drill tip comes into contact with the end face, if there is a deviation between the drill axis and the workpiece rotation axis, the drill tip will be subjected to a periodic lateral force from the rotating end face. The magnitude and direction of this lateral force change with the rotation angle of the workpiece, and the resultant force always points toward pushing the drill bit toward the center of rotation of the workpiece. Within the radial floating range allowed by the floating component 7, the drill bit will automatically slide towards the center of rotation, as if falling into the bottom of a pit. The radial clearance of the floating component 7 gives the drill bit the freedom to move, allowing the self-centering force to do work and push the drill bit to the correct position, thus achieving floating centering.
[0035] A radial locking mechanism is provided inside the tool holder 3 to lock the floating sleeve after it has completed radial alignment. In this embodiment, the radial locking mechanism includes a limiting sleeve 11, a limiting plate 12, a tapered limiting hole 13, and a radial expansion assembly 14. like Figure 5 As shown, a limiting sleeve 11 is slidably fitted in the middle of the inner cavity of the guide hole 4. A limiting plate 12 is installed at the front end of the limiting sleeve 11. A tapered limiting hole 13 communicating with the inside of the limiting sleeve 11 is opened in the middle of the limiting plate 12, and the tapered limiting hole 13 coincides with the axis of the guide hole 4. A radial expansion assembly 14 is installed on the outer wall of the guide rod 8, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the radial expansion assembly 14 includes a fixing ring 141 and radial expansion flaps 142. The fixing ring 141 is fixedly fitted in the annular limiting groove on the outer periphery of the guide rod 8. There are four radial expansion flaps 142, which are evenly distributed around the outside of the guide rod 8 and fixedly connected to the front end face of the fixing ring 141. There is a gap between two adjacent radial expansion flaps 142, preferably 1-3mm, to allow each flap to move radially independently. The outer wall of the radial expansion flap 142 is a conical surface, and the angle of the conical surface is designed to be less than the friction angle (e.g., 15°), matching the inner wall of the conical limiting hole 13. The inner wall of the radial expansion flap 142 is a cylindrical surface and fits against the outer cylindrical surface of the guide rod 8. The radial expansion flap 142 is made of a high elastic modulus and wear-resistant material, such as high-performance special alloys (tin-phosphorus bronze, 3J series elastic alloys, precipitation-hardening stainless steel), special engineering plastics (polyetheretherketone, high-performance POM), tungsten-cobalt hard alloys, etc. The specific material can be selected according to the actual design. After the floating sleeve 5 completes its floating centering, as the tool holder 3 continues to feed towards the three-jaw chuck 2, the drill bit is subjected to axial cutting force. The floating sleeve 5, guide rod 8, radial expansion assembly 14, and transmission tube 9 move backward. The transmission tube 9 pushes the movable cylinder 102 backward to compress the fixed rod 101. The movable cylinder 102 drives the limiting sleeve 11 and the limiting plate 12 to move forward through the transmission assembly 17. When the radial expansion assembly 14 moves backward, the radial expansion flaps 142 are radially pushed by the inner wall of the tapered limiting hole 13. The internal compression adaptively fits the outer cylindrical surface of the guide rod 8. At the same time, the forward movement of the conical limiting hole 13 causes its inner wall slope to compress the outer wall slope of the radial expansion petal 142, achieving further clamping. When the limiting sleeve 11 moves forward to the limit position, all radial expansion petals 142 contract radially inward under the forced action of the conical limiting hole 13, uniformly clamping the guide rod 8 from all sides. Since the cone angle is less than the friction angle, mechanical self-locking is formed, and the greater the axial cutting force, the more secure the locking.
[0036] The transmission mechanism is connected to the radial locking mechanism and is used to drive the radial locking mechanism to operate during the axial feed of the drill bit. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 8 As shown, the transmission mechanism includes an elastic component 10 and a transmission component 17; Elastic component 10 includes a fixed rod 101, a movable cylinder 102, and an axial spring 103. The rear end of the fixed rod 101 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the closed end of the guide hole 4, and the front end extends to the interior of the rear end of the transmission tube 9. The movable cylinder 102 is slidably fitted on the front end of the fixed rod 101. The front end of the movable cylinder 102 has a mating interface that is clearance-fitted with the rear end of the transmission tube 9. The axial spring 103 is fitted on the fixed rod 101, and its two ends are respectively connected to the rear end face of the movable cylinder 102 and the inner wall of the closed end of the guide hole 4. Transmission assembly 17 includes a fixed arm 171, a gear 172, a driving rack 173, and a driven rack 174. The rear end of the fixed arm 171 is fixed to the inner wall of the closed end of the guide hole 4, and the gear 172 is rotatably mounted on the front end. The driving rack 173 is mounted on the outer wall of the movable cylinder 102, and the driven rack 174 is mounted on the inner wall of the transmission cylinder 16. The two are parallel to each other, and the gear 172 is meshed with the driving rack 173 and the driven rack 174 respectively. When the transmission tube 9 is subjected to axial thrust and moves backward, it pushes the movable cylinder 102 to move backward and compresses the axial spring 103. The movable cylinder 102 drives the active rack 173 to move backward synchronously, driving the gear 172 to rotate. The gear drives the driven rack 174 to move forward, thereby driving the transmission cylinder 16 and the limiting sleeve 11 to move forward and achieve radial locking.
[0037] like Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, a fixed sleeve 18 is installed on the inner wall of the closed end of the guide hole 4 and is centered thereon. The front end of the fixed sleeve 18 has a round hole that matches the transmission cylinder 16. The rear end of the transmission cylinder 16 slides through the round hole and enters the fixed sleeve 18. The inner wall of the fixed sleeve 18 has an axially arranged sliding groove. The outer wall of the transmission cylinder 16 is equipped with a slider that matches the sliding groove. The slider and the sliding groove are slidably assembled, which plays a role in preventing detachment and guiding.
[0038] To ensure reliable locking, this embodiment also includes a locking status verification component, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the outer circumferential surface of the tool holder 3 is provided with multiple radially arranged movable holes 19. The opening of the arc hole 19 is sealed by the hole plug 24. The center of the hole plug 24 is provided with a verification hole that is aligned with and adapted to the indicator rod 21. The multiple movable holes 19 correspond one-to-one with the multiple guide holes 4. The verification component includes a verification slide rod 20, an indicator rod 21, a fixing block 22 and a verification spring 23. The verification slide rod 20 is slidably fitted into the small hole at the bottom of the movable hole 19, and the small hole is connected to the guide hole 4. One end of the verification slide rod 20 is a spherical end and extends into the guide hole 4 and contacts the front end face of the limiting sleeve 11. The other end is fixedly connected to the indicator rod 21. The indicator rod 21 extends along the axial direction of the movable hole 19 into the verification hole of the hole plug 24. The fixing block 22 is fixedly fitted on the indicator rod 21 and is connected to the inner wall of the closed end of the movable hole 19 through the verification spring 23. When the limiting sleeve 11 moves forward, its outer circumferential surface presses against the spherical end of the verification slide rod 20, causing the verification slide rod 20 to slide into the movable hole 19, which in turn drives the indicator rod 21 to extend outward from the hole plug 24. When the limiting sleeve 11 moves forward to the limit position, i.e., the locked state, the free end of the indicator rod 21 moves completely to the outside of the hole plug 24, visually indicating that the locking is complete. Alternatively, an audible and visual indicator can be installed on the hole plug 24, with the free end of the indicator rod 21 serving as the trigger end, so that an audible and visual prompt can be issued after the mechanical locking is completed, which is more convenient.
[0039] The working process of this invention is as follows: Initial state: The floating sleeve 5 is kept in the center position under the action of the return spring 73 of the floating component 7, and the radial expansion component 14 is in clearance fit with the tapered limiting hole 13 and is not locked; Feed and contact: The tool holder 3 moves toward the three-jaw chuck 2, and the tip of the drill bit contacts the rotating end face of the workpiece; Automatic centering: If there is a deviation between the drill bit axis and the workpiece rotation center, the drill bit is subjected to a periodic lateral force, and the resultant force points towards the rotation center. Within the radial floating range allowed by the floating component 7, the drill bit automatically slides towards the rotation center to achieve precise centering. Axial feed and locking: As the feed continues, the drill bit is subjected to axial cutting force, the floating sleeve 5 moves backward, the transmission tube 9 pushes the movable sleeve 102 to move backward, and the transmission assembly 17 drives the limiting sleeve 11 to move forward, the radial expansion assembly 14 moves backward, and the radial expansion flap 142 is squeezed and held by the tapered limiting hole 13 to tighten the guide rod 8, forming a self-locking mechanism. Locking verification: When the limit sleeve 11 moves forward, it pushes the verification slide bar 20, causing the indicator bar 21 to extend out of the hole plug 24, indicating that locking is complete; Drilling: After locking, continue feeding to perform drilling. Tool retraction and reset: After machining is completed, the tool holder 3 retracts, the axial spring 103 pushes the movable cylinder 102 to reset, the transmission component 17 moves in the opposite direction, the limit sleeve 11 retracts, the radial expansion component 14 is released from locking, and the floating sleeve 5 is reset and centered under the action of the return spring 73.
[0040] The scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Several typical variations are listed below, all of which fall within the scope of protection of this invention: Variant 1: Alternative form of floating components The floating component is not limited to the structure of fixed plate + floating plate + return spring. Radial floating can also be achieved by using various forms such as elastic sleeve, rubber bushing, and air bearing.
[0041] Variation 2: Alternative form of radial locking mechanism Radial locking mechanisms are not limited to a conical surface + radial expansion flap structure; they can also be in various forms such as wedge blocks, hydraulic expansion sleeves, and electromagnetic locking.
[0042] Variation 3: Alternative Forms of Transmission Mechanisms The transmission mechanism is not limited to the gear and rack mechanism; it can also use various forms such as linkage mechanism, cam mechanism, and hydraulic transmission to convert axial motion into locking action.
[0043] Variation 4: Alternative Forms of Verification Agencies The verification mechanism is not limited to mechanical indicator rods; it can also use electronic detection methods such as proximity switches and photoelectric sensors, combined with audible and visual alarms to indicate the locking status.
[0044] Variation 5: Multi-station expansion The multiple guide holes 4 and floating sleeve 5 of the present invention can simultaneously install multiple drill bits, enabling simultaneous processing of multiple holes and improving efficiency.
[0045] Variation 6: Expansion of Application Areas This invention is not only applicable to drilling on CNC lathes, but can also be extended to other machine tools that require hole machining on rotating workpieces, such as machining centers and special drilling machines.
[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A drilling apparatus for a CNC lathe, comprising: The tool post is movably mounted on the tailstock of a CNC lathe for mounting drill bits; Its characteristic is that it further includes: A floating sleeve is buoyantly mounted inside the tool holder, with its front end extending out of the tool holder and equipped with a drill bit holder; A floating assembly is disposed between the tool holder and the floating sleeve, allowing the floating sleeve to float radially in a plane perpendicular to its axis; A radial locking mechanism is provided inside the tool holder to lock the floating sleeve after it has completed radial alignment; The transmission mechanism, connected to the radial locking mechanism, is used to drive the radial locking mechanism to operate during axial feed of the drill bit.
2. The CNC lathe drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating assembly includes a fixed plate fixed inside the tool holder, a radially movable floating plate, and a return spring connecting the fixed plate and the floating plate. The floating plate is connected to a floating sleeve.
3. The CNC lathe drilling apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the fixed plate and the floating plate are arc-shaped plates. Multiple fixed plates are evenly distributed circumferentially within the tool holder, and each fixed plate is connected to the corresponding floating plate through multiple return springs.
4. The CNC lathe drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial locking mechanism includes an axially movable limiting sleeve, a tapered limiting hole at the front end of the limiting sleeve, and a radial expansion assembly mounted on the guide rod. The radial expansion assembly has a radially retractable tapered outer wall that cooperates with the tapered limiting hole to achieve locking.
5. The CNC lathe drilling apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radial expansion assembly includes a fixed ring and multiple circumferentially distributed radial expansion lobes, with gaps between adjacent radial expansion lobes to allow each lobe to move radially independently.
6. The CNC lathe drilling apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cone angle of the tapered limiting hole is less than the friction angle, thus forming a mechanical self-locking mechanism.
7. The CNC lathe drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes an elastic component and a transmission component. The elastic component is connected to the rear end of the floating sleeve, and the transmission component is connected between the elastic component and the radial locking mechanism.
8. The CNC lathe drilling apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a gear, a driving rack meshing with one side of the gear, and a driven rack meshing with the other side of the gear. The driving rack is connected to an elastic component, and the driven rack is connected to a radial locking mechanism.
9. The CNC lathe drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a locking status verification component to indicate whether the radial locking mechanism is in the locking state.
10. The CNC lathe drilling apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The locking state verification component includes an axially movable verification slide bar and an indicator bar linked to the verification slide bar. The verification slide bar contacts the limiting sleeve, and the indicator bar extends out of the outer surface of the tool holder in the locked state.