Cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw material

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of grinding machine technology, and in particular to an external cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials. It includes a sapphire external cylindrical grinding machine body, on which a grinding wheel head spindle is mounted. A mounting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the sapphire external cylindrical grinding machine body. The mounting frame has a positioning component for fixing the grinding wheel disc used for external cylindrical grinding. The positioning component contains a positioning arm and a fixing strip, which can fix the grinding wheel disc. Through the cooperation of the positioning component, the self-changing component, and the self-loading component, the trajectory column moves along the oblique Z-groove of the positioning arm, driving the positioning arm and the fixing strip to retract and engage with the grooved disc, thus achieving automatic positioning and clamping of the grinding wheel disc. The lifting rod, in conjunction with the lifting column, tension spring, and telescopic rod, adaptively adjusts the height of the grinding wheel to achieve directional and smooth transfer of the grinding wheel disc. This avoids the situation where disassembling the pressure plate flange and bumping the grinding wheel during grinding wheel replacement can cause diamond abrasive grains to fall off, the wheel body to crack, and the surface to be damaged, thus improving the integrity of the grinding wheel and the grinding accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding technology, and in particular to an external cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials. Background Technology

[0002] The sapphire raw material cylindrical grinding machine is a customized piece of equipment adapted to the high hardness and brittleness of sapphire. The machine uses a double-center-fixed, uniformly rotating crystal rod, coupled with diamond grinding wheels, employing a micro-feed grinding method to grind square sapphire blanks into standard cylinders. The entire process is water-cooled and operates with low vibration, precisely controlling the outer diameter and roundness to prevent crystal chipping and cracking. Currently, when using this sapphire raw material cylindrical grinding machine, the grinding wheel grit requirements differ between rough and fine grinding, necessitating the replacement of grinding wheels with different grits. This requires disassembling the grinding wheel pressure plate and flange, removing the old wheel, and then fixing the new one. If an impact occurs during diamond wheel replacement, the hard and brittle nature of the grinding wheel can easily cause diamond abrasive grains to fall off, the wheel body to crack, and surface damage, directly compromising the grinding wheel's precision. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an external cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials, comprising a sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body, a grinding wheel head spindle on the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body, a placement frame fixedly connected to the top of the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body, a grinding wheel disk on the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body, a positioning component for fixing the grinding wheel disk for cylindrical grinding on the placement frame, a positioning arm and a fixing strip inside the positioning component for fixing the grinding wheel disk, a support plate inside the positioning component, the support plate being fixedly connected to the placement frame, a housing fixedly connected to the support plate, a stepper motor inside the housing, a bearing on the support plate, a transmission column fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing on the support plate, a support plate fixedly connected to the outer side of the transmission column, and a bearing plate fixedly connected to the support plate. A movable column is attached, and a limit plate is fixedly connected to the support plate. A movable column is inserted into the limit plate, and a limit frame is fixedly connected to one end of the movable column. The limit frame has an elongated hole for placing the movable column, which is inserted into the elongated hole of the limit frame. A starting frame is fixedly connected to the end of the movable column away from the limit frame. A fixed shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, and two positioning bolts are fixedly connected inside the fixed shell. A positioning arm is movably connected to the outside of each positioning bolt, and a fixing strip is fixedly connected to the inside of each positioning arm. Two trajectory columns are fixedly connected to the starting frame. Each positioning arm has an oblique Z-slot for placing the trajectory column, and each trajectory column is inserted into the oblique Z-slot of the corresponding positioning arm. When the trajectory column moves to the farthest end of the oblique Z-slot of the corresponding positioning arm, the two fixing strips are engaged.

[0005] With the above technical solution, when a batch of sapphire raw materials needs to undergo outer cylindrical grinding, a stepper motor is started, which drives the transmission column to rotate. The rotation of the transmission column drives the bearing plate to rotate, which in turn drives the movable column to rotate. The movable column, in turn, pushes the limit frame to move, which in turn pushes the starting frame to move. The starting frame, in turn, pushes two corresponding trajectory columns to move. The two trajectory columns then move along the oblique Z-grooves of their corresponding positioning arms. Simultaneously, the trajectory columns, through the oblique Z-grooves of the positioning arms, push the positioning arms to retract. The two positioning arms then rotate and retract along the positioning bolts. During this retraction, the positioning arms drive the two fixing strips to retract. When the two fixing strips move to a fitted state, they are inserted into the annular grooves of the grooved disc. Two fixing strips secure the placement column. As the fixing strips enter the groove of the recessed disc, the placement column is inserted into the positioning cylinder. This activates the grinding wheel head spindle, which drives the positioning cylinder to rotate. When the toothed block inside the positioning cylinder rotates to engage with the fixing block, the positioning cylinder, through the fixing block, drives the placement column to rotate. The rotation of the placement column then drives the grinding wheel to rotate, polishing the outer circumference of the sapphire material. When a different grit grinding wheel needs to be replaced, a stepper motor is activated. The stepper motor drives the movable column to reset, which in turn drives the starting frame to reset. The starting frame then drives the two positioning arms to reset, and the positioning arms, in turn, cause the fixing strips to expand and release the fixing of the recessed disc, allowing the placement column to be removed for replacement.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a placement table is fixedly connected to the top of the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body. A self-changing component for engaging with a positioning assembly is provided on the placement table. The self-changing component contains a movable shell and a stop block. The grinding wheel can be transferred through the engagement of the movable shell and the stop block. A self-loading component for engaging with the positioning assembly is provided on the outer side of the movable shell. The self-loading component contains an extrusion block and a support arm. The grinding wheel can be automatically installed through the engagement of the extrusion block and the support arm. A support frame is provided inside the self-changing component. The support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the placement table. A translation groove for placing a locking block is provided on the support frame. A locking block is inserted into the translation groove of the support frame. A baffle plate is fixedly connected to one end of the support frame. A second spring is provided inside the support frame. The two ends of the two springs are fixedly connected to the locking block and the blocking plate, respectively. The movable shell is fixedly connected to the top of the locking block, and the abutting block is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing frame near the blocking plate. The movable shell has a movable hole for placing the trigger block. A blocking plate is fixedly connected inside the movable hole of the movable shell, and a translation column is inserted into the blocking plate. The trigger block is inserted into the movable hole of the movable shell, and the trigger block is fixedly connected to the translation column. The end of the translation column away from the trigger block is composed of a reducing tube. A first spring is sleeved on the outside of the translation column, and the two ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the trigger block and the blocking plate, respectively. A blocking block is fixedly connected to the top of the bearing frame. The self-changing assembly also has two connecting shells, which are fixedly connected to the top of the movable shell. Each connecting shell has a lifting device inserted inside. Each lifting column is fitted with a tension spring on its outer side. Each lifting column consists of a cylinder and a block. A support block is fixedly connected to the top of one lifting column, and the two ends of the tension spring are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting shell and the corresponding block part of the lifting column, respectively. A lifting rod with a sloping shape is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bearing frame. An extension rod is provided in the self-assembly assembly and is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bearing frame. An extrusion block is fixedly connected to the top of the extension rod. A sealing cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable shell. The sealing cylinder has irregular holes for placing pressure columns. A sealing plate is provided inside the sealing cylinder and is fixedly connected to the pressure column. Two positioning strips are fixedly connected to the outer side of the pressure column, and the pressure column and the two positioning strips are inserted into the irregular holes of the sealing cylinder. In the shaped hole, a trigger plate is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure column away from the sealing plate, and another connecting shell is fixedly connected to the top of the trigger plate. The bearing arm is set on the top of the corresponding connecting shell, and the bearing arm is fixedly connected to the corresponding lifting column. The extrusion block is triangular, and the bottom of the bearing arm is semi-circular. When the bearing arm moves to the corresponding position of the extrusion block, the connecting shell at the bottom of the bearing arm fits with the extrusion block. The connecting shell has an open window for placing the telescopic rod. The two ends of the telescopic rod are fixedly connected to the two lifting columns through the open windows of the two connecting shells respectively. A grinding wheel is fixedly connected to the placement column, and a bearing is provided on the placement column. A grooved plate is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the bearing of the placement column. The grooved plate has an annular groove for placing the fixing strip, and the size of the annular groove of the grooved plate corresponds to the fixing strip.Several fixing blocks are fixedly connected to one end of the placement column near the grooved plate. A positioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the grinding wheel head spindle, and several toothed blocks are fixedly connected inside the positioning cylinder. The inner diameter of the positioning cylinder is the same as the outer diameter of the placement column. When the placement column enters the positioning cylinder, the fixing blocks engage with the toothed blocks inside the positioning cylinder. The bearing arm and support block are both Y-shaped, and both the bearing arm and support block have semi-circular grooves for fixing the placement column. When the placement column enters the bearing arm and support block, the placement column engages with the semi-circular grooves on the bearing arm and support block.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, when different grit grinding wheels are needed to grind the outer diameter of the same batch of sapphire raw materials to different degrees, the grinding wheels of different grits are placed on top of the support arm and the support block, thereby pushing the locking block. The locking block drives the movable housing to move. While the locking block is moving, it drives the second spring to compress. When the connecting housing of the sapphire outer cylindrical grinding machine body moves to the position corresponding to the lifting rod, the support block is blocked by the lifting rod. The support block then drives the lifting column to rise, and the tension spring is stretched. When the lifting column at the bottom of the support block rises, the lifting column drives the lifting column at the bottom of the support arm to rise synchronously through the telescopic rod. Thus, the support arm and the support block drive the movable fixing bar of the placement column to the corresponding height. When the support block leaves the position corresponding to the lifting rod, the stretched tension spring drives the lifting column to reset. At the same time, the stretched support block moves to the position corresponding to the lifting rod, and the connecting spring at the bottom of the support arm... When the connecting shell moves to the position corresponding to the extrusion block, the connecting shell at the bottom of the bearing arm is blocked by the extrusion block. This causes the connecting shell at the bottom of the bearing arm to push the trigger disc to move. As the trigger disc moves, it drives the pressure column and positioning strip to move. The pressure column and positioning strip, in turn, drive the sealing plate to move. The sealing plate compresses the gas inside the sealing cylinder as it moves. Simultaneously, the connecting shell moves, driving the lifting column to move. The telescopic rod consists of a thin square tube fitted inside another thick square tube. As the lifting column moves, it extends and retracts the telescopic rod. Then, the bearing arm moves, driving the grinding wheel to move. The grinding wheel moves towards the inside of the positioning cylinder, allowing the placement column to enter the positioning cylinder. The sealing plate moves to the position corresponding to the fixing strip. When the connecting shell at the bottom of the bearing arm leaves the position corresponding to the extrusion block, the compressed gas inside the sealing cylinder pushes the sealing plate to reset. This reset of the sealing plate, through the pressure column, drives the bearing arm to reset.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that this invention can achieve are: 1. This invention utilizes the cooperation of positioning components, self-changing components, and self-installing components. The trajectory column moves along the inclined Z-groove of the positioning arm, driving the positioning arm to retract and engage with the grooved disc of the fixing bar to achieve automatic positioning and clamping of the grinding wheel disc. The lifting rod, in conjunction with the lifting column, tension spring, and telescopic rod, adaptively adjusts the height of the grinding wheel to achieve directional and stable transfer of the grinding wheel disc. This avoids situations where diamond abrasive grains fall off, the wheel body cracks, or the surface is damaged due to disassembling the pressure plate flange or bumping the grinding wheel when changing the grinding wheel, thus improving the integrity of the grinding wheel and the grinding accuracy.

[0009] 2. By setting up a positioning component, when using a cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials, the stepper motor moves along the inclined Z-groove of the positioning arm via the transmission column, the moving column, and the linkage trajectory column, driving the fixing strip to retract and engage the grooved disc. This enables the grinding wheel disc to be quickly and accurately positioned and fixed, improving the positioning accuracy and stability of the grinding wheel installation.

[0010] 3. By setting up a self-changing component, when using an external cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials, the movable shell, together with the locking block and the second spring, realizes the directional transport of the grinding wheel. The lifting rod, in conjunction with the lifting column and the tension spring, adaptively adjusts the height of the grinding wheel, which can complete the automatic switching and transfer of grinding wheels with different grit sizes, thus improving the efficiency of grinding wheel replacement.

[0011] 4. By setting up a self-assembly component, when using a cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials, the extrusion block triggers the bearing arm to push the grinding wheel into the positioning cylinder precisely, which can complete the fully automatic docking and installation of the grinding wheel and improve the safety of grinding wheel assembly.

[0012] 5. Through the cooperation of positioning components, self-changing components, and self-loading components, this invention, when using an external cylindrical grinding machine for sapphire material processing, utilizes the cooperation of a Y-shaped support arm and a support block. The semi-arc groove stably supports the placement column and grinding wheel disc, preventing the grinding wheel from shaking, shifting, or being damaged by collisions during transportation and installation, thus improving the stability of the grinding wheel transportation process.

[0013] 6. Through the coordinated operation of the positioning component, the self-changing component, and the self-installation component, this invention can complete the entire process of automatic wheel positioning, automatic wheel changing, and automatic wheel installation in one integrated manner when using an external cylindrical grinding machine for sapphire raw material processing. This simplifies the replacement steps, avoids operational errors, and improves the overall operating efficiency and equipment practicality of sapphire external cylindrical grinding. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the placement platform structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the placement rack structure of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the starter frame structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting rod structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the trigger block structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0015] The components include: 1. Sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body; 2. Grinding wheel head spindle; 3. Placement table; 4. Placement frame; 5. Machine housing; 6. Stepper motor; 7. Transmission column; 8. Bearing plate; 9. Movable column; 10. Limit frame; 11. Limit plate; 12. Moving column; 13. Fixed shell; 14. Bearing plate; 15. Positioning bolt; 16. Positioning arm; 17. Starting frame; 18. Track column; 19. Fixing strip; 20. Bearing frame; 21. Lifting rod; 22. Blocking block; 23. Clamping block; 24. Movable shell; 25. 26. Baffle plate; 27. Translation column; 28. First spring; 29. ​​Trigger block; 30. Baffle plate; 31. Second spring; 32. Positioning cylinder; 33. Extension rod; 34. Extrusion block; 35. Sealing cylinder; 36. Positioning strip; 37. Pressure column; 38. Sealing plate; 39. Bearing arm; 40. Trigger plate; 41. Support block; 42. Connecting shell; 43. Tension spring; 44. Lifting column; 45. Fixing block; 46. Placement column; 47. Grinding wheel; 48. Grooved disc; 49. Abutment block; 40. Telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this invention and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described herein without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0017] Example: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials includes a sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body 1. A grinding wheel head spindle 2 is mounted on the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body 1. A mounting frame 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body 1. A grinding wheel disc 46 is mounted on the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body 1. A positioning assembly for fixing the grinding wheel disc 46 for cylindrical grinding is mounted on the mounting frame 4. The positioning assembly includes a positioning arm 16 and a fixing strip 19, which can fix the grinding wheel disc 46. A support plate 14 is mounted inside the positioning assembly and is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 4. A housing 5 is fixedly connected to the support plate 14. A stepper motor 6 is located inside the housing 5. A bearing is mounted on the support plate 14. A transmission column 7 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing on the support plate 14. A support plate 8 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the transmission column 7. A movable column 9 is fixedly connected to the support plate 8. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the support plate 14. 11. A movable column 12 is inserted into the limiting plate 11. One end of the movable column 12 is fixedly connected to the limiting frame 10. The limiting frame 10 is provided with an elongated hole for placing the movable column 9. The movable column 9 is inserted into the elongated hole of the limiting frame 10. The end of the movable column 12 away from the limiting frame 10 is fixedly connected to the starting frame 17. The bottom of the bearing plate 14 is fixedly connected to the fixed shell 13. The inside of the fixed shell 13 is fixedly connected to two positioning bolts 15. The outside of each positioning bolt 15 is movably connected to a positioning arm 16. The inside of each positioning arm 16 is fixedly connected to a fixing strip 19. The starting frame 17 is fixedly connected to two trajectory columns 18. Each positioning arm 16 is provided with an oblique Z-shaped groove for placing the trajectory column 18. Each trajectory column 18 is inserted into the oblique Z-shaped groove of the corresponding positioning arm 16. When the trajectory column 18 moves to the farthest end of the oblique Z-shaped groove of the corresponding positioning arm 16, the two fixing strips 19 are in contact. like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, when a batch of sapphire raw materials needs to undergo outer cylindrical grinding, the stepper motor 6 is started, which in turn drives the transmission column 7 to rotate. The transmission column 7 rotates, causing the bearing plate 8 to rotate. The bearing plate 8 rotates, causing the movable column 9 to rotate. The movable column 9 then pushes the limit frame 10 to move, which in turn pushes the starting frame 17 to move. The starting frame 17 then pushes two corresponding trajectory columns 18 to move. The two trajectory columns 18 then move along the oblique Z-grooves of the corresponding positioning arms 16. Simultaneously, the trajectory columns 18 push the positioning arms 16 to retract through the oblique Z-grooves of the positioning arms 16. The two positioning arms 16 then rotate and retract along the positioning bolts 15. During this retraction, the positioning arms 16 drive the two fixing strips 19 to retract. When the two fixing strips 19 move to a fitted state, they are inserted into the annular grooves of the grooved plate 47. 9. Fix the placement column 45. When the fixing strip 19 enters the annular groove of the grooved plate 47, the placement column 45 is inserted into the interior of the positioning cylinder 31. Then, the grinding wheel head spindle 2 is started. The grinding wheel head spindle 2 drives the positioning cylinder 31 to rotate. When the toothed block inside the positioning cylinder 31 rotates to a state of contact with the fixing block 44, the positioning cylinder 31 drives the placement column 45 to rotate through the fixing block 44. Then, when the placement column 45 rotates, it drives the grinding wheel 46 to rotate. When the grinding wheel 46 rotates, it grinds the outer circle of the sapphire raw material. When it is necessary to change to a grinding wheel with a different grit, the stepper motor 6 is started to rotate. When the stepper motor 6 rotates, it drives the movable column 9 to reset. Then, when the movable column 9 resets, it drives the starting frame 17 to reset. When the starting frame 17 resets, it drives the two positioning arms 16 to reset. When the positioning arms 16 reset, they drive the fixing strip 19 to expand and release the fixing of the grooved plate 47. Then, the placement column 45 can be removed for replacement.

[0018] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, a placement table 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body 1. The placement table 3 has a self-changing component for engaging with the positioning component. The self-changing component contains a movable shell 24 and a contact block 48. The engagement of the movable shell 24 and the contact block 48 allows the grinding wheel 46 to be transferred. A self-assembly component for engaging with the positioning component is located outside the movable shell 24. The self-assembly component contains an extrusion block 33 and a support arm 38. The engagement of the extrusion block 33 and the support arm 38 allows the grinding wheel 46 to be automatically installed. A support frame 20 is located inside the self-changing component and is fixedly connected to the top of the placement table 3. The support frame 20 has a translation groove for placing a locking block 23. The locking block 23 is inserted into the translation groove of the support frame 20. A baffle plate 29 is fixedly connected to one end of the support frame 20. A second spring 30 is provided inside the support frame 20. The two ends of the second spring 30 are fixedly connected to the locking block 23 and the baffle plate 29, respectively. A movable shell 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the locking block 23. An abutment block 48 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 20 near the baffle plate 29. The movable shell 24 has a movable hole for placing a trigger block 28. A baffle plate 25 is fixedly connected inside the movable hole of the movable shell 24. A translation column 26 is inserted into the baffle plate 25. A trigger block 28 is inserted into the movable hole of the movable shell 24, and the trigger block 28 is fixedly connected to the translation column 26. The end of the translation column 26 away from the trigger block 28 is composed of a reducing tube. A first spring 27 is sleeved on the outside of the translation column 26, and the two ends of the first spring 27 are respectively... The load-bearing frame 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the trigger block 28 and the blocking plate 25. The self-replacing assembly also includes two connecting shells 41, which are fixedly connected to the top of the movable shell 24. Each connecting shell 41 has a lifting column 43 inserted inside, and each lifting column 43 has a tension spring 42 sleeved on its outer side. Each lifting column 43 consists of a cylinder and a block. One of the lifting columns 43 has a support block 40 fixedly connected to its top, and the two ends of the tension spring 42 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting shell 41 and the corresponding block portion of the lifting column 43, respectively. A lifting rod 21 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the load-bearing frame 20, and the lifting rod 21 is sloped. The self-replacing assembly includes an extension rod 32, which is fixed... Connected to the outside of the support frame 20, the extrusion block 33 is fixedly connected to the top of the extension rod 32. A sealing cylinder 34 is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable shell 24. The sealing cylinder 34 has a shaped hole for placing the pressure column 36. A sealing plate 37 is provided inside the sealing cylinder 34, and the sealing plate 37 is fixedly connected to the pressure column 36. Two positioning strips 35 are fixedly connected to the outside of the pressure column 36, and the pressure column 36 and the two positioning strips 35 are inserted into the shaped hole of the sealing cylinder 34. A trigger plate 39 is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure column 36 away from the sealing plate 37, and another connecting shell 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the trigger plate 39. The support arm 38 is set on the top of the corresponding connecting shell 41, and the support arm 38 is fixedly connected to the corresponding lifting column 43. The extrusion block 33 is triangular.The bottom of the support arm 38 is semi-circular. When the support arm 38 moves to the position corresponding to the extrusion block 33, the connecting shell 41 at the bottom of the support arm 38 fits against the extrusion block 33. The connecting shell 41 is provided with an open window for placing the telescopic rod 49. The two ends of the telescopic rod 49 are respectively fixedly connected to the two lifting columns 43 through the open windows of the two connecting shells 41. A grinding wheel 46 is fixedly connected to the placement column 45. A bearing is provided on the placement column 45. A grooved plate 47 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the bearing of the placement column 45. The grooved plate 47 is provided with an annular groove for placing the fixing strip 19, and the size of the annular groove of the grooved plate 47 corresponds to the fixing strip 19. The placement column 45 is close to the grooved plate 47. Several fixing blocks 44 are fixedly connected to one end of the grooved disc 47. A positioning cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the grinding wheel head spindle 2, and several toothed blocks are fixedly connected inside the positioning cylinder 31. The inner diameter of the positioning cylinder 31 is the same as the outer diameter of the placement column 45. When the placement column 45 enters the positioning cylinder 31, the fixing blocks 44 fit with the toothed blocks inside the positioning cylinder 31. The bearing arm 38 and the support block 40 are both Y-shaped, and both the bearing arm 38 and the support block 40 are provided with semi-circular grooves for fixing the placement column 45. When the placement column 45 enters the bearing arm 38 and the support block 40, the placement column 45 fits with the semi-circular grooves on the bearing arm 38 and the support block 40. like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, when different degrees of grinding are required on the outer diameter of the same batch of sapphire raw materials, and different grit grinding wheels 46 need to be changed, the grinding wheels 46 of different grits are placed on top of the support arm 38 and the support block 40, thereby pushing the locking block 23. The locking block 23 drives the movable housing 24 to move. While moving, the locking block 23 drives the second spring 30 to compress. When the connecting housing 41 of the sapphire outer cylindrical grinding machine body 1 moves to the position corresponding to the lifting rod 21, the support block 40 is blocked by the lifting rod 21, thereby causing the support block 40 to move up and down. When the lifting column 43 is raised and the tension spring 42 is stretched, the lifting column 43 at the bottom of the support block 40 is raised. Simultaneously, the lifting column 43 at the bottom of the bearing arm 38 is raised via the telescopic rod 49. This causes the bearing arm 38 and the support block 40 to move the fixed strip 19 of the placement column 45 to the corresponding height. When the support block 40 leaves the position corresponding to the lifting rod 21, the stretched tension spring 42 causes the lifting column 43 to reset. Simultaneously, as the stretched support block 40 moves to the position corresponding to the lifting rod 21, the connecting shell 41 at the bottom of the bearing arm 38 moves to the extrusion position. At the position corresponding to the assembly block 33, the connecting shell 41 at the bottom of the bearing arm 38 is blocked by the assembly block 33, thereby pushing the trigger disc 39 to move. When the trigger disc 39 moves, it drives the pressure column 36 and the positioning strip 35 to move. When the pressure column 36 and the positioning strip 35 move, they drive the sealing plate 37 to move. When the sealing plate 37 moves, it compresses the gas inside the sealing cylinder 34. When the connecting shell 41 moves, it drives the lifting column 43 to move. The telescopic rod 49 is made of a thin square tube sleeved inside another thick square tube. When 43 moves, it drives the telescopic rod 49 to extend and retract. Then, when the bearing arm 38 moves, it drives the grinding wheel 46 to move. When the grinding wheel 46 moves, it moves towards the inside of the positioning cylinder 31, and then the placement column 45 enters the inside of the positioning cylinder 31. The sealing plate 37 moves to the position corresponding to the fixing strip 19. When the connecting shell 41 at the bottom of the bearing arm 38 leaves the position corresponding to the extrusion block 33, the compressed gas inside the sealing cylinder 34 pushes the sealing plate 37 to reset. The reset of the sealing plate 37 drives the bearing arm 38 to reset through the pressure column 36.

[0019] Working principle: Step 1, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, when different degrees of grinding are required on the outer diameter of the same batch of sapphire raw materials, and different grit grinding wheels 46 need to be changed, the grinding wheels 46 of different grits are placed on top of the support arm 38 and the support block 40, thereby pushing the locking block 23. The locking block 23 drives the movable housing 24 to move. While moving, the locking block 23 drives the second spring 30 to compress. When the connecting housing 41 of the sapphire outer cylindrical grinding machine body 1 moves to the position corresponding to the lifting rod 21, the support block 40 is blocked by the lifting rod 21, thereby causing the support block 40 to move up and down. When the lifting column 43 is raised and the tension spring 42 is stretched, the lifting column 43 at the bottom of the support block 40 is raised. Simultaneously, the lifting column 43 at the bottom of the bearing arm 38 is raised via the telescopic rod 49. This causes the bearing arm 38 and the support block 40 to move the fixed strip 19 of the placement column 45 to the corresponding height. When the support block 40 leaves the position corresponding to the lifting rod 21, the stretched tension spring 42 causes the lifting column 43 to reset. Simultaneously, as the stretched support block 40 moves to the position corresponding to the lifting rod 21, the connecting shell 41 at the bottom of the bearing arm 38 moves to the extrusion position. At the position corresponding to the assembly block 33, the connecting shell 41 at the bottom of the bearing arm 38 is blocked by the assembly block 33, thereby pushing the trigger disc 39 to move. When the trigger disc 39 moves, it drives the pressure column 36 and the positioning strip 35 to move. When the pressure column 36 and the positioning strip 35 move, they drive the sealing plate 37 to move. When the sealing plate 37 moves, it compresses the gas inside the sealing cylinder 34. When the connecting shell 41 moves, it drives the lifting column 43 to move. The telescopic rod 49 is made of a thin square tube sleeved inside another thick square tube. When 43 moves, it drives the telescopic rod 49 to extend and retract. Then, when the bearing arm 38 moves, it drives the grinding wheel 46 to move. When the grinding wheel 46 moves, it drives the grinding wheel 46 to move towards the inside of the positioning cylinder 31. Then, the placement column 45 enters the inside of the positioning cylinder 31. The sealing plate 37 moves to the position corresponding to the fixing strip 19. When the connecting shell 41 at the bottom of the bearing arm 38 leaves the position corresponding to the extrusion block 33, the compressed gas inside the sealing cylinder 34 pushes the sealing plate 37 to reset. The reset of the sealing plate 37 drives the bearing arm 38 to reset through the pressure column 36. Step 2, as follows Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, when a batch of sapphire raw materials needs to undergo outer cylindrical grinding, the stepper motor 6 is started, which in turn drives the transmission column 7 to rotate. The transmission column 7 rotates, causing the bearing plate 8 to rotate. The bearing plate 8 rotates, causing the movable column 9 to rotate. The movable column 9 then pushes the limit frame 10 to move, which in turn pushes the starting frame 17 to move. The starting frame 17 then pushes two corresponding trajectory columns 18 to move. The two trajectory columns 18 then move along the oblique Z-grooves of the corresponding positioning arms 16. Simultaneously, the trajectory columns 18 push the positioning arms 16 to retract through the oblique Z-grooves of the positioning arms 16. The two positioning arms 16 then rotate and retract along the positioning bolts 15. During this retraction, the positioning arms 16 drive the two fixing strips 19 to retract. When the two fixing strips 19 move to a fitted state, they are inserted into the annular grooves of the grooved plate 47. 9. Fix the placement column 45. When the fixing strip 19 enters the annular groove of the grooved plate 47, the placement column 45 is inserted into the interior of the positioning cylinder 31. Then, the grinding wheel head spindle 2 is started. The grinding wheel head spindle 2 drives the positioning cylinder 31 to rotate. When the toothed block inside the positioning cylinder 31 rotates to a state of contact with the fixing block 44, the positioning cylinder 31 drives the placement column 45 to rotate through the fixing block 44. Then, when the placement column 45 rotates, it drives the grinding wheel 46 to rotate. When the grinding wheel 46 rotates, it grinds the outer circle of the sapphire raw material. When it is necessary to change to a grinding wheel with a different grit, the stepper motor 6 is started to rotate. When the stepper motor 6 rotates, it drives the movable column 9 to reset. Then, when the movable column 9 resets, it drives the starting frame 17 to reset. When the starting frame 17 resets, it drives the two positioning arms 16 to reset. When the positioning arms 16 reset, they drive the fixing strip 19 to expand and release the fixing of the grooved plate 47. Then, the placement column 45 can be removed for replacement.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw material, comprising a sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body (1), wherein a grinding wheel frame main shaft (2) is arranged on the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body (1), characterized in that, A mounting frame (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body (1), and a grinding wheel (46) is provided on the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body (1). The placement frame (4) is provided with a positioning component for fixing the grinding wheel (46) for external cylindrical grinding. The positioning component is provided with a positioning arm (16) and a fixing strip (19) to fix the grinding wheel (46). The top of the sapphire cylindrical grinding machine body (1) is fixedly connected to a placement table (3). The placement table (3) is provided with a self-changing component for cooperating with the positioning component. The self-changing component is provided with a movable shell (24) and a contact block (48). The grinding wheel (46) can be transferred through the cooperation of the movable shell (24) and the contact block (48). The outer side of the movable shell (24) is provided with a self-assembly assembly for cooperating with the positioning assembly. The self-assembly assembly is provided with an extrusion block (33) and a bearing arm (38). The grinding wheel (46) can be automatically installed through the cooperation of the extrusion block (33) and the bearing arm (38). The self-replacing component has a support frame (20) fixedly connected to the top of the placement platform (3). The support frame (20) has a translation groove for placing the card block (23). The card block (23) is inserted into the translation groove of the support frame (20). One end of the support frame (20) is fixedly connected to a barrier plate (29). The inside of the support frame (20) is provided with a second spring (30). The two ends of the second spring (30) are fixedly connected to the card block (23) and the barrier plate (29) respectively. The movable shell (24) is fixedly connected to the top of the card block (23). The abutment block (48) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (20) near the barrier plate (29). The movable shell (24) is provided with a movable hole for placing the trigger block (28). A baffle plate (25) is fixedly connected inside the movable hole of the movable shell (24). A translation column (26) is inserted into the baffle plate (25). The trigger block (28) is inserted into the movable hole of the movable shell (24). The trigger block (28) is fixedly connected to the translation column (26). The end of the translation column (26) away from the trigger block (28) is composed of a reducing pipe. A first spring (27) is sleeved on the outside of the translation column (26). The two ends of the first spring (27) are fixedly connected to the trigger block (28) and the baffle plate (25) respectively. A blocking block (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (20). The self-replacing assembly is also provided with two connecting shells (41), wherein the connecting shell (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable shell (24), and a lifting column (43) is inserted into the interior of each connecting shell (41). A tension spring (42) is sleeved on the outside of each lifting column (43). Each lifting column (43) consists of a cylinder and a block. A support block (40) is fixedly connected to the top of one of the lifting columns (43), and the two ends of the tension spring (42) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting shell (41) and the block part of the corresponding lifting column (43), respectively. A lifting rod (21) is fixedly connected to the outside of the bearing frame (20), and the lifting rod (21) is sloping.

2. The cylindrical grinder for processing a sapphire raw material according to claim 1, characterized by The positioning assembly includes a support plate (14), which is fixedly connected to the placement frame (4). A housing (5) is fixedly connected to the support plate (14). A stepper motor (6) is installed inside the housing (5). A bearing is installed on the support plate (14). A transmission column (7) is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing on the support plate (14). A support plate (8) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the transmission column (7). A movable column (9) is fixedly connected to the support plate (8). A limit plate (11) is fixedly connected to the support plate (14). A movable column (12) is inserted into the limit plate (11). One end of the movable column (12) is fixedly connected to the limit plate (14). The positioning frame (10) has an elongated hole for placing the movable column (9). The movable column (9) is inserted into the elongated hole of the positioning frame (10). The end of the movable column (12) away from the positioning frame (10) is fixedly connected to the starting frame (17). The bottom of the bearing plate (14) is fixedly connected to the fixed shell (13). The inside of the fixed shell (13) is fixedly connected to two positioning bolts (15). The outside of each positioning bolt (15) is movably connected to a positioning arm (16). The inside of each positioning arm (16) is fixedly connected to a fixing strip (19). The starting frame (17) is fixedly connected to two trajectory columns (18).

3. The cylindrical grinder for processing a sapphire material according to claim 2, wherein The self-assembly assembly includes an extension rod (32), which is fixedly connected to the outside of the support frame (20). An extrusion block (33) is fixedly connected to the top of the extension rod (32). A sealing cylinder (34) is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable shell (24). The sealing cylinder (34) has a shaped hole for placing the pressure column (36). A sealing plate (37) is provided inside the sealing cylinder (34), and the sealing plate (37) is fixedly connected to the pressure column (36). Two positioning strips (35) are fixedly connected to the outside of the pressure column (36), and the pressure column (36) and the two positioning strips (35) are inserted into the shaped hole of the sealing cylinder (34). The end of the pressure column (36) away from the sealing plate (37) is fixed. A trigger plate (39) is connected, and the top of the trigger plate (39) is fixedly connected to another connecting shell (41). The bearing arm (38) is set on the top of the corresponding connecting shell (41), and the bearing arm (38) is fixedly connected to the corresponding lifting column (43). The extrusion block (33) is triangular, and the bottom of the bearing arm (38) is semi-circular. When the bearing arm (38) moves to the corresponding position of the extrusion block (33), the connecting shell (41) at the bottom of the bearing arm (38) fits against the extrusion block (33). The connecting shell (41) is provided with an open window for placing the telescopic rod (49). The two ends of the telescopic rod (49) are fixedly connected to the two lifting columns (43) through the open windows of the two connecting shells (41).

4. The cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The grinding wheel disc (46) is fixedly connected to the placement column (45). The placement column (45) is provided with a bearing. The outer ring of the bearing of the placement column (45) is fixedly connected to a grooved disc (47). The grooved disc (47) is provided with an annular groove for placing the fixing strip (19). The size of the annular groove of the grooved disc (47) corresponds to the fixing strip (19). Several fixing blocks (44) are fixedly connected to one end of the placement column (45) near the grooved disc (47). A positioning cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the grinding wheel frame spindle (2). Several toothed blocks are fixedly connected inside the positioning cylinder (31). The inner diameter of the positioning cylinder (31) is the same as the outer diameter of the placement column (45). When the placement column (45) enters the interior of the positioning cylinder (31), the fixing blocks (44) fit into the toothed blocks inside the positioning cylinder (31).

5. The cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the positioning arms (16) is provided with a slanted Z-shaped groove for placing the track post (18). Each track post (18) is inserted into the slanted Z-shaped groove of the corresponding positioning arm (16). When the track post (18) moves to the farthest end of the slanted Z-shaped groove of the corresponding positioning arm (16), the two fixing strips (19) fit together.

6. The cylindrical grinding machine for processing sapphire raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the support arm (38) and the support block (40) are Y-shaped, and both the support arm (38) and the support block (40) are provided with semi-circular grooves for fixing the placement column (45). When the placement column (45) enters the support arm (38) and the support block (40), the placement column (45) fits into the semi-circular grooves on the support arm (38) and the support block (40).

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