Vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device

Abstract

The application discloses a vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device, which is integrally arranged on a movable carrier and comprises a pyrolysis unit, a heating and energy circulation unit, and a device body.The pyrolysis unit comprises a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace for low-temperature pyrolysis reaction of waste agricultural film and a high-temperature pyrolysis furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis reaction of incompletely reacted materials.The heating and energy circulation unit comprises a combustion furnace, a ceramsite bed for storing and releasing heat, and a first air preheater and a second air preheater for preheating air.The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by the application is designed to be vehicle-mounted, can be directly deployed in a field, realizes on-site recovery and on-site treatment of waste agricultural film, and greatly reduces the comprehensive cost of mulch collection, transportation and centralized treatment; and through low-temperature and high-temperature two-stage pyrolysis, the waste agricultural film is efficiently converted into liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel and heavy oil and combustible gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural waste resource utilization technology, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Mulching technology is widely used in modern agriculture, effectively conserving moisture, increasing soil temperature, and suppressing weeds. However, the waste agricultural film (mainly PE plastic) left after use, if not recycled and disposed of in a timely manner, will cause long-term harm to soil structure, crop growth, and the ecological environment. Currently, there are two main approaches to the disposal of waste agricultural film: one is field recycling, and the other is centralized processing after recycling.

[0003] In terms of field recycling, existing technologies mainly focus on developing various vehicle-mounted recycling machines. For example, some equipment uses film-collecting rollers, suction hoods, and filters to collect mulch film, and then incinerates any remaining film in the soil to purify it. Other equipment uses crushing rollers, vibrating screens, and wind or electrostatic adsorption to separate and collect mulch film fragments from the soil. These devices mainly solve the problem of separating and initially collecting mulch film from the soil, but their final treatment is usually collection, compression, or simple incineration, failing to achieve the resource recovery and harmless treatment of the mulch film. Simple incineration produces a large amount of harmful gases, causing secondary pollution.

[0004] In centralized processing, pyrolysis technology is an effective method for converting high-molecular polymers into high-value-added products such as fuel oil and gas. However, traditional stationary pyrolysis plants require large investments and have long construction periods, and require long-distance transportation of plastic film scattered in the fields to the processing point, resulting in high costs and making them unsuitable for the vast agricultural operating environment.

[0005] Therefore, this application proposes a vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film processing device, providing a new technical solution to address the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to address the aforementioned technical issues by providing a vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device. The device's overall vehicle-mounted design allows for direct deployment in fields, enabling "on-site recycling and treatment" of waste agricultural film, significantly reducing the overall cost of film collection, transportation, and centralized processing. Through two-stage pyrolysis (low temperature and high temperature), the waste agricultural film is efficiently converted into liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and heavy oil, as well as combustible gases, achieving high-value resource utilization of waste. The combustible gases are reused for system heating, reducing dependence on external fuels.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film processing device is used for the processing of waste agricultural film.

[0009] The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film processing device is integrally integrated onto a movable vehicle and includes:

[0010] The pyrolysis unit includes a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace for performing a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction on waste agricultural film and a high-temperature pyrolysis furnace for performing a high-temperature pyrolysis reaction on incompletely reacted materials.

[0011] The heating and energy circulation unit includes a combustion furnace, a ceramsite bed for storing and releasing heat, and a first air preheater and a second air preheater for preheating air. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace flows through the ceramsite bed to heat the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, and the cooled flue gas returns to the first air preheater to preheat the air.

[0012] The product processing unit includes a folding plate for gas-solid separation of the oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis, a condenser for condensing and separating the oil and gas into different distillate oils, and a spray tower for treating the tail gas.

[0013] The oil-gas mixture generated by the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace and the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace both go to the condenser, and the uncondensed gas separated by the condenser is fed into the combustion furnace as supplementary fuel.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by the present invention, the heating and energy circulation unit further includes a cyclone separator. After the mixed flue gas generated by the combustion furnace is separated into high-temperature ash particles by the cyclone separator, the clean flue gas is then introduced into the ceramsite bed. The feed inlet of the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace is connected to the high-temperature ash particle outlet of the cyclone separator.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by the present invention, the ceramsite bed is provided with an openable and closable perforated plate for replacing the ceramsite; the ceramsite bed serves as an external heating medium and heat storage body, providing continuous and uniform heat to the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by the present invention, the condenser is provided with at least three baffles inside, and the distance between the bottom of each baffle and the bottom of the inner side of the condenser decreases sequentially along the oil and gas flow direction, so that the oil and gas mixture is condensed and separated into heavy oil, diesel oil and gasoline in sequence.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by the present invention, a gate valve is provided at the feed hopper of the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, which is closed after feeding to form a closed reaction space; the flow direction of the reactants in the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace is opposite to that in the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by the present invention, the heating and energy circulation unit further includes a second induced draft fan. The inlet of the second induced draft fan is connected to the flue gas outlet of the first air preheater, and its outlet is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the return gas port of the combustion furnace, and the other path is connected to the inlet of the spray tower.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by this invention features an integrated vehicle-mounted design, allowing direct deployment in fields and achieving "on-site recycling and on-site treatment" of waste agricultural film. This significantly reduces the overall cost of collecting, transporting, and centrally processing the film. Through two-stage pyrolysis at low and high temperatures, the waste agricultural film is efficiently converted into liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and heavy oil, as well as combustible gases, achieving high-value resource utilization of waste. The combustible gases are reused for the system's own heating, reducing dependence on external fuels.

[0021] The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by this invention innovatively adopts an energy circulation system of "combustion furnace + ceramsite bed heat storage + multi-stage air preheating"; the heat of the combustion flue gas is first stored through the ceramsite bed and uniformly released to the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, which improves heating stability and effectively avoids the generation of coking inside the reactor.

[0022] The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by this invention conducts the pyrolysis process in a closed system, avoiding the generation of highly toxic substances such as dioxins from direct incineration. The resulting combustible exhaust gas is used as fuel for internal digestion, and the final exhaust gas is treated by a spray tower before being discharged. The entire treatment process has low pollution emissions and is environmentally friendly.

[0023] The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film processing device provided by this invention has each unit tightly coupled through pipes and valves, and materials and energy form a closed loop or are effectively transferred within the system, which can realize continuous feeding and discharging, has high processing efficiency, and is suitable for large-scale field operations. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device provided by the present invention.

[0026] The markings in the diagram are explained as follows:

[0027] 1. Blower; 2. First air preheater; 3. First induced draft fan; 4. Low-temperature pyrolysis furnace; 5. Feed hopper; 6. Combustion furnace; 7. Cyclone separator; 8. Second air preheater; 9. Condenser; 10. High-temperature pyrolysis furnace; 11. Folding plate; 12. Second induced draft fan; 13. Spray tower; 14. Chimney; 15. Ceramsite bed; 16. Vertical pipe; 17. Gate valve; 18. Orifice plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 A vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film processing device, comprising:

[0030] The device is integrated and mounted on a movable vehicle, and includes:

[0031] The pyrolysis unit includes a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4 for performing a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction on waste agricultural film and a high-temperature pyrolysis furnace 10 for performing a high-temperature pyrolysis reaction on incompletely reacted materials.

[0032] The heating and energy circulation unit includes a combustion furnace 6, a ceramsite bed 15 for storing and releasing heat, and a first air preheater 2 and a second air preheater 8 for preheating air. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 6 flows through the ceramsite bed 15 to heat the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4, and the cooled flue gas returns to the first air preheater 2 to preheat the air.

[0033] The product processing unit includes a folding plate 11 for gas-solid separation of the oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis, a condenser 9 for condensing and separating the oil-gas into different distillate oils, and a spray tower 13 for treating the tail gas.

[0034] The oil-gas mixture produced by the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4 and the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace 10 both go to the condenser 9, and the uncondensed gas separated by the condenser 9 is fed into the combustion furnace 6 as supplementary fuel.

[0035] Furthermore, the vertical pipe heating and energy circulation unit also includes a cyclone separator 7. After the mixed flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 6 is separated into high-temperature ash particles by the cyclone separator 7, the clean flue gas is then introduced into the ceramsite bed 15. The feed inlet of the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace 10 is connected to the high-temperature ash particle outlet of the cyclone separator 7.

[0036] Furthermore, the ceramsite bed 15 is equipped with an openable and closable perforated plate 18 for replacing the ceramsite; the ceramsite bed 15 serves as an external heating medium and heat storage body, providing continuous and uniform heat to the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4.

[0037] Furthermore, the condenser 9 has at least three baffles inside, and the distance between the bottom of each baffle and the bottom of the inner side of the condenser 9 decreases sequentially along the direction of oil and gas flow, so that the oil and gas mixture is condensed and separated into heavy oil, diesel oil and gasoline in sequence.

[0038] Furthermore, the feed hopper 5 of the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4 is equipped with a gate valve 17, which is closed after feeding to form a closed reaction space; the flow direction of the reactants in the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4 is opposite to that in the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace 10.

[0039] Furthermore, the vertical pipe heating and energy circulation unit also includes a second induced draft fan 12. The inlet of the second induced draft fan 12 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the first air preheater 2. Its outlet is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the return gas port of the combustion furnace 6, and the other path is connected to the inlet of the spray tower 13. The outlet of the spray tower 13 is connected to the chimney 14 for discharging the purified exhaust gas.

[0040] Through the above structural design, during operation, blower 1 sends ambient air into the first air preheater 2. The preheated air is further heated by the second air preheater 8 before being sent into the combustion furnace 6 as high-temperature air for combustion. The combustion furnace 6 ignites the pre-released pulverized coal, producing high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas first enters the cyclone separator 7 to remove fly ash and particulate matter entrained therein. These high-temperature ash particles are directly introduced into the feed inlet of the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace 10, utilizing their sensible heat. The clean high-temperature flue gas from the cyclone separator 7 enters the ceramsite bed 15, where the ceramsite is heated to a high temperature and stores a large amount of heat. After releasing heat and cooling in the ceramsite bed 15, the flue gas enters the first air preheater 2 to preheat the cold air sent in by blower 1. Finally, under the suction of the second induced draft fan 12, part of the low-temperature flue gas flows back to the return air port of the combustion furnace 6 to participate in the circulation, while the other part enters the spray tower 13 for water washing and purification before being discharged through the chimney 14 to meet emission standards.

[0041] Meanwhile, the waste agricultural film, after preliminary crushing and drying pretreatment, is fed into the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4 through the feed hopper 5 equipped with a gate valve 17. The gate valve 17 is then closed to create a sealed environment. The low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4 is uniformly heated to approximately 400-500°C by the surrounding, preheated ceramsite bed 15, where the agricultural film undergoes pyrolysis, producing a first oil-gas mixture and solid residue. This residue is then pushed into the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace 10 by gravity or mechanical means, where it mixes with high-temperature ash particles from the cyclone separator 7 and is heated to approximately 600-700°C for complete pyrolysis or gasification, producing a second oil-gas mixture and final inorganic ash residue. The low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4 and the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace 10 are connected by a vertical pipe 16. The solid residue from the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace 10 is then fed into the combustion furnace 6 for combustion and heat release.

[0042] The oil-gas mixture generated by the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4 and the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace 10 is collected and pressurized by the first induced draft fan 3. It then undergoes gas-solid separation via the folding plate 11 to remove any entrained coke particles. It then enters the condenser 9. The condenser 9 has multiple baffles with decreasing heights, causing the oil-gas temperature to decrease in stages during flow. Heavier components, such as heavy oil, condense first in the high-temperature section, while middle fractions, such as diesel, and light fractions, such as gasoline and non-condensable gases, are separated sequentially in subsequent sections. The condensed oil products can be collected in different storage tanks. Uncondensed combustible gases, mainly composed of methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide, are extracted and fed into the combustion furnace 6 as supplementary fuel, providing a continuous heat source for the entire system.

[0043] Through the above process, this invention achieves continuous, closed, and resource-efficient treatment of waste agricultural film on a mobile vehicle. The heat storage characteristics of the ceramsite bed 15 ensure a stable heat source, the multi-stage energy recovery system significantly improves thermal efficiency, and the staged condensation directly produces oil. The entire system has a high energy self-sufficiency rate, is environmentally friendly and efficient, and is very suitable for promotion and use in the vast rural areas of my country, providing an innovative technical equipment for solving the problem of "white pollution" in farmland.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film processing device, characterized in that, The device is integrated and mounted on a movable vehicle, and includes: The pyrolysis unit includes a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4) for low-temperature pyrolysis of waste agricultural film and a high-temperature pyrolysis furnace (10) for high-temperature pyrolysis of incompletely reacted materials. The heating and energy circulation unit includes a combustion furnace (6), a ceramsite bed (15) for storing and releasing heat, and a first air preheater (2) and a second air preheater (8) for preheating air. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace (6) flows through the ceramsite bed (15) to heat the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4), and the cooled flue gas returns to the first air preheater (2) to preheat the air. The product processing unit includes a folding plate (11) for gas-solid separation of the oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis, a condenser (9) for condensing and separating the oil-gas into different distillate oils, and a spray tower (13) for treating the tail gas. The oil-gas mixture generated by the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4) and the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace (10) both go to the condenser (9), and the uncondensed gas separated by the condenser (9) is fed into the combustion furnace (6) as supplementary fuel.

2. The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating and energy circulation unit also includes a cyclone separator (7). After the mixed flue gas generated by the combustion furnace (6) is separated into high-temperature ash particles by the cyclone separator (7), the clean flue gas is then introduced into the ceramsite bed (15). The feed inlet of the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace (10) is connected to the high-temperature ash particle outlet of the cyclone separator (7).

3. The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ceramsite bed (15) is equipped with an openable and closable perforated plate (18) for replacing the ceramsite; the ceramsite bed (15) serves as an external heating medium and heat storage body, providing continuous and uniform heat to the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4).

4. The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condenser (9) is provided with at least three baffles inside. The distance between the bottom of each baffle and the bottom of the inner side of the condenser (9) decreases sequentially along the direction of oil and gas flow, so that the oil and gas mixture is condensed and separated into heavy oil, diesel oil and gasoline in sequence.

5. The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4) is equipped with a gate valve (17) at the feed hopper (5), which is closed after feeding to form a closed reaction space; the reaction material flow direction of the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4) is opposite to that of the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace (10).

6. The vehicle-mounted waste agricultural film treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating and energy circulation unit also includes a second induced draft fan (12). The inlet of the second induced draft fan (12) is connected to the flue gas outlet of the first air preheater (2). Its outlet is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the return gas port of the combustion furnace (6), and the other path is connected to the inlet of the spray tower (13).

Images